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<![CDATA[Penggunaan Asap Cair dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit untuk Pengendalian Jamur Phytophthora citrophthora secara In Vitro ]]>
<![CDATA[Hasan Oramahi]]>;
<![CDATA[Elvi Rusmiyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Kustiati Kustiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1265
<![CDATA[Efficacy of wood vinegar produced from empty fruit bunches (EFB) against Phytophthora citrophthora fungus was evaluated. The objective of the present work is to to evaluate antifungal properties of wood vinegar from EFB against P. citrophthora fungus. Three kinds of wood vinegar were used three temperatures i.e. 350, 400 and 450 °C. Efficacy of wood vinegar from EFB for antifungal is a factorial 3 by 4 in a completely randomized design; the first factor was pyrolysis temperature of wood vinegar from EFB (350, 400, and 450 °C) and the second factor was treatment of concentration of wood vinegar from EFB (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 %, v/v). The results showed that pyrolysis temperature effect of wood vinegar from EFB and concentration of wood vinegar were significantly different for inhibition of fungal growth. The highest inhibition was on wood vinegar for EFB with temperature pyrolysis of 450 °C and concentration of wood vinegar of 1% with average value of 100%.]]>
<![CDATA[Multiplikasi Tunas Pisang Ambon Dua Tandan pada Pemberian Kinetin dalam Kultur In Vitro ]]>
<![CDATA[Triani Hardiyati]]>;
<![CDATA[Iman Budisantoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Safia Safia]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.890
<![CDATA[Kultur in vitro dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala dalam penyediaan bibit pisang ambon dua tandan melalui multiplikasi tunas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui respon multiplikasi tunas tanaman pisang ambon dua tandan pada pemberian kinetin dalam kultur in vitro, untuk menentukan konsentrasi kinetin yang paling efektif untuk memacu multiplikasi tunas tanaman pisang ambon dua tandan dalam kultur in vitro. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan K0 0 ppm, K1 1 ppm, K2 2 ppm, dan K3 3 ppm, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, jumlah akar, dan panjang akar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Ragam (ANOVA) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan 99% dan dilanjutkan menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kinetin memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap panjang akar namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, dan jumlah akar. Kinetin 2 ppm (K2) merupakan konsentrasi yang paling efektif untuk parameter panjang akar.]]>
<![CDATA[Dampak Kerusakan Ekosistem Mangrove terhadap Keanekaragaman dan Populasi Perikanan di Teluk Youtefa Kota Jayapura Provinsi Papua ]]>
<![CDATA[John Dominggus Kalor]]>;
<![CDATA[Kalvin Paiki]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1349
<![CDATA[The mangrove ecosystem on the coast of Youtefa Bay is very beneficial for the survival of the Indigenous people in Enggros, Tobati and Nafri villages, as well as residents of Jayapura City and its surroundings. The purpose of this study was to calculate the diversity and population of fisheries in a polluted mangrove ecosystem. The research was conducted in the waters of mangrove ecosystem in Youtefa Bay, Jayapura City, Papua. Fish data were collected at 10 locations, using gill nets with a mesh size of 1.5 inches with a length of 150 meters and 2 inches with a length of 150 meters. Physical and chemical parameters of the waters were also measured in each location. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, dominance index, fish abundance, and fish species composition. This study only found 12 species and 10 fish families, with an abundance of 188 individuals/ hectare living and associated with the waters of mangrove ecosystem. There is a reduction in the level of diversity and abundance of fish in the waters of the mangrove ecosystem in Youtefa Bay, due to damage to the ecosystem, conversion of ecosystems, and pollution that occurs in the decomposition of the mangrove ecosystem. These fishery resources will recover if the mangrove ecosystem is restored by increasing the area of the mangrove ecosystem and controlling waste.]]>
<![CDATA[Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Tanaman Bunga sebagai Sumber Pakan Lebah Madu di Kawasan Hutan Desa Batu Dulang, Kecamatan Batu Lanteh, Sumbawa ]]>
<![CDATA[Khotibul Umam]]>;
<![CDATA[Lili Suharli]]>;
<![CDATA[Baso Manguntungi]]>;
<![CDATA[Kus Dianawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Riri R. Anggih Chaidir]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1049
<![CDATA[Ketersedian tanaman bunga menjadi kunci penting untuk sumber pakan lebah dan madu yang dihasilkan di masyarakat Sumbawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis jenis tumbuhan bunga yang berpotensi menjadi sumber pakan lebah madu di kawasan hutan, Desa Batu Dulang, Sumbawa. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis vegetasi dengan petak ukur kuadran yang berukuran 1 m x 1 m. Data tanaman yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan indeks keanaekaragaman Shanon-Wienner (H’), indeks kemerataan Shanon (E’) dan indeks dominansi Simpson (D). Hasil penelitian diperoleh data sebanyak 216 individu tanaman bunga dari 28 spesies tanaman dan terbagi dalam 12 famili. Sebanyak 23 spesies berhasil diidentifikasi, sedangkan 4 spesies belum bisa diidentifikasi. Jenis tanaman bunga terbanyak >10 individu tanaman ditemukan pada 8 spesies dengan tanaman Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) sebagai spesies terbanyak dan 4 spesies tanaman dengan jumlah paling sedikit. Hasil analisis indeks keanekaragaman (H’), kemerataan (E’) dan dominansi (D) tanaman berturut turut yaitu 2.97, 0.89, dan 0.067. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman tanaman yang sedang melimpah, kemerataan yang tinggi dan dominansi tanaman yang rendah. Tingginya keanaekaragaman tanaman akan memberikan dampak positif pada ketersediaan sumber pakan lebah madu yang cukup melimpah. Tentu pula harus dengan didukung oleh kondisi hutan yang terjaga kelestariannya dengan melibatkan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian selanjutnya akan difokuskan pada waktu berbunga dari tanaman sumber pakan lebah melalui kalender pembungaan sehingga diketahui tingkat kecukupan pakan bagi lebah dan kuantitas madu yang dihasilkan dalam setahun.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza VA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) Pada Tanah Marginal ]]>
<![CDATA[Indra Sukmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Rina Sri Kasiamdari]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1086
<![CDATA[Penggunaan jamur mikoriza pada lahan marginal menjadi usaha rehabilitasi kualitas tanah. Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) dipilih karena dapat bersimbiosis dengan fungi Glomus aggregatum untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui peran dari VAM terhadap pertumbuhan bawang Dayak dan kombinasi yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan bawang Dayak di media tanah marginal. Pada penelitian ini, tanaman ditumbuhkan selama tiga bulan di greenhouse. Parameter yang diteliti meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering (umbi, tajuk dan akar), jumlah umbi, presentase kolonisasi mikoriza, serta jumlah spora. Panen dilakukan 2 kali pada minggu ke-6 dan minggu ke-12. Pengamatan kolonisasi struktur mikoriza pada akar tanaman dilakukan melalui teknik pewarnaan akar (staining). Pengamatan spora dilakukan melalui metode wet sieving and decanting. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktorial. Hasil menunjukan penggunaan Vesikular Arbuskular Mikoriza meningkatkan pertumbuhan Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. yang ditanam pada tanah marginal. Presentase kolonisasi VAM tertinggi yaitu 94% dan jumlah spora 48% yang dihasilkan oleh perlakuan M2. Kombinasi M2+NPK efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pada tinggi tanaman (14%), jumlah daun (117%), berat kering tajuk (98%), berat kering akar (15%), berat kering umbi (65%)]]>
<![CDATA[Hymenoptera Parasitoid dan Persentase Parasitasi terhadap Berbagai Ulat Pemakan Daun Kelapa Sawit di Kebun Cikasungka PTPN VIII, Cindali, Bogor ]]>
<![CDATA[Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Pudjianto Pudjianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Nina Maryana]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1121
<![CDATA[Palm oil is one of the plantation commodities in Indonesia and had widespread in Indonesia. One of pests that attack oil palm is insect, and the most damaging pests usually from Lepidoptera. The aim of this study was to determine and counting percent parasitization of the parasitoids that parasitize palm leaf-eating pests in the oil palm plantation of PTPN VIII Cindali, Bogor. The study was conducted in 6 blocks of PTPN VIII Cindali oil palm plantation from September 2014 - June 2015 with observations once a month. Sample was taken by means of each block taken 5 plants in every plots randomly to be observed and palm leaf-eating insects taken to kept until the parasitoid was emerged. The outgoing parasitoids then counted and identificated. The results of the study founds 6 species of palm leaf-eating pests and 5 species of Hymenoptera parasitoids that parasitize these pests. Pests that found were Setora nitens, Amatissa sp., Birthosea bisura, Mahasena corbetti, Metisa plana and Pseudococcus sp. Whereas parasitoids that found were Spinaria spinator, Charops bicolor, Telenomus podisi, Aphanogmus sp. and Acerophagus sp.]]>
<![CDATA[Distribusi Herpetofauna di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Gambut Sungai Buluh Tanjung Jabung Timur ]]>
<![CDATA[Anggit Prima Nugraha]]>;
<![CDATA[Dawam Suprayogi]]>;
<![CDATA[Winda Dwi Kartika]]>;
<![CDATA[Andri Setiawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1030
<![CDATA[Hutan Lindung Gambut (HLG) Sungai Buluh is one of the village forests in East Tanjung Jabung. Peat soil has high water content and is herpetofauna habitat. Herpetofauna acts as a prey and predator in the peat ecosystem. Some of them occupy the position of top predators on food networks in the peat ecosystem. The existence of this group of animals also acts as an environmental bioindicator which can be indicated by its species richness and individual count. This research was conducted on two habitat conditions (terrestrial and aquatic) with the aim of this study were the distribution and habitat characteristics of herpetofauna in the HLG Sungai Buluh. This study used the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method which was combined by transect lines in each habitat. Sampling was done nocturnal and diurnal. The specimens obtained then preserved in 70% alcohol. The results showed total of 105 individual herpetofauna consisting of 4 Anura families (Bufonidae 1 species, Dicroglossidae 3 species, Rhacophoridae 3 species, and Ranidae 4 species) and 4 Reptile families (Agamidae 3 species, Scincidae 2 species, Gekkonidae 1 species, and Natricidae 1 species). Eleven species were found in the terrestrial habitat transect while eleven species were found in aquatic habitat transects. Furthermore, four species were found in both habitat transects. From these results it can be concluded that the HLG Sungai Buluh has a suitable habitat for herpetofauna. However, further research needs to be carried out covering the entire are of HLG Sungai Buluh]]>
<![CDATA[Studi Histologi Tingkat Kematangan Gonad Jantan dan Betina Bulu Babi Diadema setosum di Pulau Panjang Jepara ]]>
<![CDATA[Evi Lutfiyani]]>;
<![CDATA[Delianis Pringgenies]]>;
<![CDATA[Hadi Endrawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1208
<![CDATA[The gonads maturity level (TKG) is a particular stage gonadal development before and after the spawning biota. This research aims to determine the gonads index of the Diadema setosum and the gonads maturity level of Diadema setosum found on Panjang Island, Jepara. The research method used was the observation method. The gonads histology was made by using paraffin method and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The measured parameters were the diameter of the shell, the Gonads Maturity Index (GI) and the Gonads Maturity Level, and environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, DO, and salinity of the water. The Gonads Maturity Level was determined on the histology of gonads. The result shows average Diadema setosum GI value of 7,334 % with an optimum maturity in December. Based on the height of individual the sea urchin (Diadema setosum) found in the category TKG III, which is 11 out of 30 Individuals and two individuals in the TKG IV category are observed histology of the gonadal showing in that phase.]]>
<![CDATA[Implikasi Pemanfaatan Lahan terhadap Tingkat Keanekaragaman Jenis Tanaman di Kawasan Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat ]]>
<![CDATA[Kris Tiyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Andrianto Kusumoarto]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.800
<![CDATA[The plant diversity has become of one indicated maintained, preserved and it has impact to environmental quality, and of course has value to human wellbeing dimension, which it has used to a demand of living the human. Beside of plant diversity has key a role of important in preserving of natural system condition by sustainable. Therefore aim this study to know how the plant diversity (H’), therefor methods which is used to vegetation analyses, by the plotting of sample area is 20x20 m, which are 3 subdistrict in Kuningan district area as representative of research samples methods. This result of research has inventories at least ±43 plants species in all area research, in which every area has had difference of index plant diversity level, in which Kadugede subdistrict area has highest level, than one the other subdistrict area, which is value H’= 2.30, and the lower of diversity index value is Cimahi H’= 1.49 and Ciawegebang H’= 1.14 level. Preserving and maintaining of plant diversity is one of all ways or strategies to increasing of quality ecosystem or carrying capacity and its conservation goals of sustainable developing in urban or rural area.]]>
