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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 341 Documents
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Upaya Penurunan Tingkat Kanibalisme Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) dengan Penambahan Dosis Suplemasi TriptofanYang Berbeda Suharyanto Suharyanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2012.29.1.230

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to find out the suitable dosage of tryptophan  mixed  in diet of  trash fish were fed and to decrease canibalism levels of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) reared in  the aquarium. The research was conducted in research station of Research Institute for Brackishwater Aquaculture Maranak, Maros South Sulawesi for 28 days.Twelve aquaria were used of this research and the dimention of 60 x 40 x 40 cm.  Tiger prawn seed of post larva of 35th from hatchery were used to this research and the dimention of 1,4 ± 0.1 cm body length and 0,01 ± 0.01 g body weight.  Twentyfive pieces of tiger prawn seed were spreaded on the each aquaria. The treatments were applied of dosage of tryptophan were mixed in the trash fish  (Sardinella sp) as much as  (A): 0 % of  biomass total, (B): 0,5 %, (C): 1,0 % and (D): 1,5 % of  biomass total with three replicates respectively. Variables monitored growth of body weigth, canibalism levels, survival rate of twentyfive tiger prawn seed and water quality. Experimental design used complate randomized design. During of rearing were fed trash fish with frequency of twice a days of dosage 15 % of total body weight. The result showed that the   tiger prawn seed fed the diet with additional 0,5 - 1,5 % tryptophan had significantly lower (P<0.05) cannibalisms compared to the tiger prawn seed feed the control diet.  The tiger prawn seed fed the diet with additional 1,5 % tryptophan had significantly higher (P<0.05) survival rate compared to the crablet fed the control diet.  However, there were not significantly different specific growth rate among the treaments.  Based on this result that additional 0,5 - 1,5 % tryptophan could be decrease cannibalisms of tiger prawn seed during experiment.
Faktor-Faktor Ekologis yang Berpengaruh terhadap Struktur Populasi Kumbang Badak (Oryctes rhinoceros L. ) Desinta Dwi Nuriyanti; Imam Widhiono; Agus Suyanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 33, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.1.310

Abstract

Kumbang badak (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) dapat hidup dengan optimal dengan dukungan dari faktor ekologis yang cocok. Faktor ekologis meliputi habitat limbah material organik di vegetasi tersebut, musuh alami, musim, dan faktor cuaca (suhu, curah hujan dan kelembaban) diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap struktur populasi kumbang badak pada Oktober-Desember 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak empat kali, dua kali pada musim kemarau dan dua kali pada musim penghujan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ANOVA dan untuk mengetahui faktor ekologis yang paling berpengaruh dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Duncan. Berdasarkan ANOVA, ada perbedaan antar habitat F=0,012 untuk perbandingan antara jerami dan serasah daun, 0,002 antara jerami dan tanpa limbah, 0,000 antara serasah daun dan tanpa limbah, serta 0,001 untuk batang pohon dan tanpa limbah (P<0,05). Untuk stadium pupa dan imago hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan hasil tidak berbeda nyata. Faktor musim memberikan hasil bahwa terjadi peningkatan di ketiga stadium yang ditemukan dengan jumlah yang berbeda. Stadium larva mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 381 larva, stadium pupa sebanyak 25 pupa, dan peningkatan sebanyak 166 ekor kumbang badak stadium imago. Setelah dilakukan uji statistik dengan uji t, jumlah populasi kumbang badak pada musim kemarau dan penghujan berbeda nyata dengan nilai uji t =0,000 untuk stadium larva, sedangkan pada pupa, t = 0,038 (P<0,05). Setelah dilakukan uji lanjut diperoleh hasil habitat limbah material organik merupakan faktor ekologi yang paling berpengaruh. Habitat limbah material organik yang paling berpengaruh adalah batang pohon, disusul dengan habitat serasah dan jerami.
Transfer Gen Penanda Pada Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) CV Panda dan Atlantik dengan Bantuan Agrobacterium Noor Aini Habibah; Sri Nanan B
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 22, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2005.22.1.91

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of marker gene transfer of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) explant tissues, which were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 carrying binary vector pBI121. Nodes and leaf segments from shoot cultures of Panda and Atlantic cultivars were used as explants. The marker gene transfer procedure was initiated with explant pre-conditioning, followed with co-cultivating and selecting of putative transformant cells. Explants were pre-conditioned over-night in callus induction medium containing basal medium of MS (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) supplemented with 5 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg/l benzyl adenine. After 10 min. inoculation in  A. tumefaciens suspension, explants were co-cultivated for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. After co-cultivation, explant tissues were placed on callus induction medium added with 150 mg/l kanamycin. Successful marker gene transfer was calculated as the percentage of total explants producing callus on selection medium. Results showed that more co-cultivated nodal explants became resistant to kanamycin than co-cultivated leaf explants. The highest efficiency of transformation (45%) of nodal explants was observed in Panda cultivar whereas that in Atlantik was only 30%. The most efficient transformation of leaf explants was observed in Panda cultivar (20%) whereas that in Atlantik was15%. The PCR analysis detected the presence of NPTII gene in transgenic tissues.
Rizofiltrasi Logam Pb (Plumbum) pada beberapa Jenis Tumbuhan Air Elly Proklamasiningsih; Hernayanti Hernayanti
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 27, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2010.27.1.189

Abstract

The research about rhizofiltration of Pb in several species of aquatic plant had been conducted in a greenhouse of Biology Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University. The aims of this research were to evaluate the aquatic plant species which has Pb accumulative characteristic and to determine Pb concentration tolerated by those plants. This research was used experimental method with split plot design. The main plot was kind of aquatic plant of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f), Pistia stratiotes L, and Salvinia molesta D.S.Mitchell. The Pb (NO3)2 concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15 mg/l were as sub plot.   Each treatment was replicated for 3 times. The parameter observed were biomass (raw weight and dry weight), the Pb absorbed whether in root and shoot, and chlorophyll content. Data collected were analyzed using F test continued by LSD. The result of this research showed that both Pistia and Salvinia planted in 10 mg/l media were able to accumulate high Pb concentration. However, Pistia were able to accumulate Pb concentration mostly in root and only part be translocated in shoot. Whereas Salvinia was able to translocate Pb concentration in shoot higher than those in of Pistia.  The implications of these results for rhizofiltration are discussed.
Peran Hormon Kortisol dalam Osmoregulasi Ikan Sidat, Anguilla bicolor, pada Lingkungan Bersalinitas Untung Susilo; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.3.281

Abstract

The osmoregulatory capacity of Anguilla bicolor in the sea water is influenced by hormonal activities.  Therefore, the aim of this study was to know the influence of cortisol on osmoregulation of the eel at the different levels of salinity medium. An experimental method with six treatments on randomized completely design was used in this study. The treatments were (1) fish acclimated at water salinity 15 ppt without hormone injection; (2) fish acclimated at water salinity of 30 ppt without hormone injection; (3) fish acclimated at water salinity of 15 ppt and injected with 4 µg cortisol/gr body weight; (4) fish acclimated at water salinity 15 ppt and injected with 8 µg cortisol/gr body weight; (5) fish aclimated at water salinity of 30 ppt and injected with 4 µg cortisol/g body weight; (6) fish acclimated at water salinity of 30 ppt and injected with 8 µg cortisol/g body weight. All of the treatments were replicated four times. Data were analyzed using One way ANOVA followed by Least Significant Difference. The results showed that the cortisol has significant effect (P<.05) on plasma osmolality only at the early of acclimation on medium 30 ppt after injection, especially at 6 and 12 hours after cortisol treatment, and there was no significant efffect of cortisol treatment (P>.05) if the acclimation increased. Osmoregulatory capacity on medium of 15 ppt and 30 ppt were influenced by cortisol treatment at 6 hours acclimation (P<.05), but only that aclimated in medium opf 5 ppt was influenced by cortisol treatment at 12 hours acclimation. Increased acclimation on medium of 15 ppt and 30 ppt was not influenced by cortisol treatment (P>.05). Water body content was not influenced by cortisol treatment (P>.05) at all medium acclimation. At six hour acclimation, treatment cortisol has significant difference (P<.05) on hematocrite only at medium 30 ppt, but cortisol treatment has significant difference (P<.05) at medium 15 ppt and 30 ppt in 12 hours acclimation. Increased acclimation has no significant difference (P>.05) on treatment cortisol. Cortisol injection has no significant difference (P>.05) on plasma glucose on all medium and only on 7 days aclimation, the plasma glucose has significant difference (P<.05) after injected by cortisol. It could be concluded that cortisol treatment has a role on eel osmoregulation at early acclimation. Haematocrite account was also influenced by cortisol injection, but only at the early acclimation. Water body content, blood glucose and total body energy were not influenced by cortisol.
Ikan Kepe – kepe (Chaetodontidae) sebagai Bioindikator Kerusakan Perairan Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Pulau Tikus Agus Riansyah; Dede Hartono; Aradea Bujana Kusuma
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 35, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (595.949 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2018.35.2.480

Abstract

Coral reef is one of ecosystem in the ocean that have important ecologycal functions. Coral reef could be habitat for coral fishes.The demage of coral reef could be impacted on ecologycal proceses in the ocean. Therefore, The monitoring of coral reef health should be done to know the healthinees of coral reef. Butterfly fish is fish that can be used as bioindicator of coral demage. The aims of this study were analyzed condition of precent cover of coral reef, and also to measured mortality index of coral reef, abundance index of butterfly fish, and corelation between butterfly fish and coral reef. Survey method was used in this research. Line Intercept Transect  used to measuring percent cover of coral reef along 50 m. The resuts showed that station 7 has the higest of precent cover of coral reef (67%), and station 3 has the lowest of of precent cover of coral reef (20.84%). Coral demage could be caused by illegal fishing. Totally, There were 136 of buterfly fish that found which are categoryzed into 9 specieses. The statistical result found that there are positif corelation between coral reef and butterfly fish. It is indicted that the increasing of percent cover of coral reef could be increasing the abundace of butterfly fish too. Precent cover of live coral reef could be impacted on abundance of buterfly fish due to associated with food and shelter. 
Pengaruh Campuran Onggok, Sekam, Pati dan Bahan Humat terhadap Pertumbuhan Aspergillus niger dan Kemampuannya dalam Melarutkan Fosfat Yudi Sastro; Donny Widianto; Irfan D. Prijambada
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 23, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2006.23.3.173

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of the mixture of tapioca waste, rice bran, starch (BOC), and humic substance (BH) on Aspergillus niger growth and its phosphate solubilizing capability. The experiment was conducted in Erlenmeyer flask containing 200 ml Pikovskaya liquid media and incubated on shaker with 100 rotaries per minute for nine days.  The Christmas Island phosphate rock was used as phosphate source.  Aspergillus niger YD 17 was taken from the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. The experiment was arranged using factorial completely randomized design with three-replications (3x4x3). The level of BOC (i.e. 0, 2, and 4 g.l-1 media)   and BH   (i.e. 0, 1, 2, and 3 ml.l-1) were applied as experimental factors. Dry weight of mycelia and the soluble phosphate in media were parameters of Aspergillus niger growth. The results showed that BOC and BH increased the Aspergillus niger growth and its phosphate solubilizing capability (P£0.05). Four-gram of BOC and 3 ml of BH per litter of media were the best level for Aspergillus niger growth, while 4 g of BOC and 2 ml of BH was the best level for phosphorus solubilization capability.
Seleksi Isolat Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) untuk Mengembangkan Inokulum Efektif Tamad Tamad; Bostang Radjagukguk; Eko Hanudin; Jaka Widada
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.265

Abstract

The phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can release insoluble phosphate in soil by anorganik-P dissolution, organic-P mineralization, and blocking of soil adsorption site.  The selection of effective PSB, therefore,  is urgently required to study the effectiveness of PSB.  The research was arranged to determine: 1) P-solubi-lization or P-mineralization, 2)  physiology, and 3) PSB inoculant improvement.  The research was arranged in complete random design, with PSB isolate as treatment.  The variables  were: soluble-P, mineralize-P, adsorption-P, pH, PSB population, phosphatase and phythase activity. The  result showed that PSB isolate 1 = Pseudomonas trivialis, 5 = Pseudomonas putida, and 9 = Pseudomonas fluorescens, were the best in P solubilization or P mineralization.  Solubilization efficiency of isolate were 1 = 291%, 5 = 280%, and 9 = 347%.  Five days incubation (the end of log phase or early of stationary phase) was the best time to culture harvest for PSB inoculant formulate.  Within twelve months age of culture, population stability of PSB inoculant decreased between 81 and 88%,  and P solubilizing stability PSB inoculant decrease between 65 and 81%. Decreasing of P solubility to P source types of PSB inoculant was AlP > FeP > PR > CaP.
Perubahan Kadar Estradiol dan Histologi Uterus Mencit (Mus musculus) Betina dengan Induksi Progesteron Sintetik Erlia Narulita; Jekti Prihatin; Khoirul Anam; Fikri Ainur Risma Hardiyanti Oktavia
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 34, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.3.487

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of progesterone to estradiol levels and histology of uterus, to test the effect of estrous cycle to uterus histology of females’ mice after treated by progesterone in birth control pills. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Females Mus musculus Balb-C and synthetic progesterone (cyproterone acetate) contained in ‘Diane-35’ birth control pills were used in this study. The research consisted of two treatment groups, i.e. group K had no treatment and group P treated by a solution of Diane-35 at a dose of 2.6 mg per 5 mL distilled water. Results on the effects of progesterone on endometrial thickness suggested that there were significant differences between treatment groups. Meanwhile, the effect of progesterone on estradiol levels indicated that there were no significant differences among treatment groups. This means that the thickness of the endometrium was strongly influenced by the presence of a synthetic progesterone hormone and induced endometrium growth thicker. The levels of estradiol are not significantly different due to a negative feedback mechanism of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (estrogen effect) and Luteinizing Hormone (progesterone effect). The greatest thickness of endometrium of estrous cycle was treated by progesterone, which was 0.2500 mm2.
Pengaruh Elisitasi dengan Verticillium dahliae Kleb dan Rhizoctonia Solani Kuhn terhadap kandungan Gosipol dalam kalus Gossypium hirsutum L pada beberapa tingkat Subkultur Suci Rahayu; Rizkita Rachmi Esyanti; Arbayah H Siregar
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2006.23.1.140

Abstract

An experiment on gossypol content hasbeen conducted on callus derived from Gossypium hirsutum L. subcultures 5, 6, and 7 after elicitation with Verticillium dahliae Kleb and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Callus was cultured on solid Linsmaier and Skoog  (LS)  medium  supplemented  with 10 –5 M NAA and 10 –6 M 2,4-D, and subcultured for 5, 6, and 7 times. Callus was then elicited with 40  μg dry weight /ml homogenate of fungi derived from V. dahliae and R. solani, and harvested 0, 2, 4, and 6 days after elicitation. The gossypol was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The maximum gossypol content elicited with R. solani was obtained on callus subculture 5, which was harvested on 4 days after elicitation, i.e. 177,995 ±  0,248 μg/g dry weight,  whilst that with V. dahliae  was obtained on subculture 5, harvested four days after elicitation, i.e.108,021± 0,507 μg/g dry weight. The gossypol content of control callus on subculture 5, 6, and 7 was 37,885 ± 0,779 μg/g dry weight  23,170 ±  0,003 μg/g dry weight, 12,284 ± 0,221 μg/g dry weight, respectively. The subculture level, elicitor type, and harvesting time gave significant effect on gossypol content of G. hirsutum callus culture.

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