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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

JITKT
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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 316 Documents

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Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Partikel Sengon dengan Perekat Asam Sitrat-Sukrosa Ragil Widyorini; Pradana A. Nugraha
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Pengembangan perekat alam untuk papan partikel masih sangat terbatas. Pada penelitian ini, asam sitrat dan sukrosa digunakan sebagai perekat alami papan partikel. Partikel sengon (Falcataria mollucana) digunakan sebagai bahan baku penelitian. Asam sitrat dan sukrosa dilarutkan dalam air dengan konsentrasi 59 ~ 60% pada komposisi tertentu. Rasio asam sitrat/sukrosa adalah 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, dan 0/100. Larutan kemudian dicampur dengan partikel dengan kadar perekat 7,5% dan 15% berdasarkan berat kering udara partikel. Pembuatan papan partikel diset dengan target kerapatan 0,9 g cm-3 dan dikempa pada suhu 200 oC selama 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jumlah kadar perekat meningkatkan sifat fisika dan mekanika papan partikel. Kualitas papan partikel tertinggi diperoleh pada papan partikel yang dibuat dengan kadar perekat 15% dan rasio asam sitrat/sukrosa adalah 50/50. Nilai tertinggi modulus patah, modulus elastisitas, dan kekuatan rekat internal papan partikel adalah 10,7 MPa, 3,3 GPa, dan 0,5 MPa. Nilai pengembangan tebal dan penyerapan air setelah direndam selama 24 jam adalah 4,3% dan 26%, mengindikasikan bahwa papan partikel mempunyai ketahanan terhadap air yang baik.

Aplikasi Buluh Bambu untuk Konstruksi Rangka Batang Ruang Application of Bamboo Culm for Space Truss Gina Bachtiar; Surjono Surjokusumo; Yusuf S Hadi; Naresworo Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Space truss is a three dimensional structure composed of short slender interconnected bars. The bars are selected to produce lightweight members. Since joints are frictionless pins, truss members carry out only axial force either tension or compression, without bending moment. Bamboo is a potential building material for this structure, because it is relatively light and high strength especially in tension. This research is aimed to develop bamboo joint that could carry out both tension and compression and it application in space truss for 3 m x 4 m simple roof structure.Connection designed using a taper rounded wooden plug attached to the inner part of bamboo and a tapered steel ring was used at the outside of the bamboo culm. Structural analysis using a program with finite element methods indicated that 4 cm diameter bamboo could use for 3 m x 4 m space truss with four supports, whereas for cantilever truss, the used of 4 cm diameter bamboo must be varied by using 6 cm diameter bamboo for elements that resist larger compression force.

Carbon Dioxide Injection in Bamboo Cement Board Manufacturing Bakri Bakri; Suhasman Suhasman
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO2 injection in liquid phase to the physical and mechanical properties of cement board made from bamboo particles of Gigantochloa atter, Dendrocalamus asper and Schizostachyium brachycla. Mixtures of bamboo culm particles, cement, and water in the ratio by weight of 1:2.5:1.25 were casted in iron plate mold of (25x25x1) cm3, pressed and then hold for 24 h to obtain the target density of 1 g cm-3. The board was then injected by CO2 in liquid phase for 30 min of curing time period. Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of board were evaluated in accordance to JIS A 5417-1992 standard. The results showed that moisture content of the boards was 3.15-3.62%, density was 0.68-0.80 g cm-3, water absorption and thickness swelling after immersed in cold water for 24 h were 45.11-57.60%, and 0.65-0.87%, respectively. The internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were 0.18-0.74, 1339-5031, and 40.12-79.59 kg cm-2, respectively. Only cement board made from mixture of G. atter particles, cement and water met physical properties requirement of JIS A 5417-1992 standard. However, no cement board fulfilled the mechanical properties requirement of JIS A 5417-1992.Key words: bamboo, carbon dioxide injection, cement board

Pengujian Aktivitas Anti Cendawan Sekresi Pertahanan Diri Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Preliminary Detection of Antifungal Activity of Soldier Defensive Secretions from Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Farah Diba
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 1 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is the most destructive subterranean termites which caused economic loss in some big city in Indonesia. Soldier of C. curvignathus Holmgren have a defensive secretions with white colour and sticky. These soldier defensive secretions are used to overcome their enemy. In this research, soldier defensive secretions (SDS) from C. curvignathus Holmgren were isolated and extracted in polar and non-polar solution and their antifungal activity was studied. The solution used for extraction was ethyl acetate, ethanol, aquadest and n-hexane. The fungal used to determine antifungal activity was Schizophyllum commune. The result showed that extract from ethyl acetate shown the highest inhibition zone meanwhile other extract have no activity. The compound then purified by GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra) and found that aldehyde compound Pentadecanal and Tetradecanal were the bioactive compound. This was the first research about possibilities of soldier defensive secretions from C. curvignathus Holmgren as antifungal against Schizophyllum commune

Properties Enhancement of Rubber Wood Particleboard Laminated with Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Resin Fauzi Febrianto; See P Hwee; Ching K Man; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The main weaknesses of particleboard are that it has a lower strength and a lower dimensional stability compared to solid wood. Therefore, in order to gain excellent properties prior to be used, it needs some treatments, i.e., resin thermoplastic laminated. The objectives of this study were to improve the physical and mechanical properties of rubber wood particleboard laminated with low density ethylene (LDPE) resin. Rubber wood particleboard was laminated with 4 different concentrations of LDPE resins (i.e., 5, 10, 15, and 20%). The physical and mechanical properties of board were evaluated both in dry and wet states. The results indicated that the dimensional stability of board after laminated with LDPE resin showed significant improvement in term of water absorption and thickness swelling. Modulus of rupture and srew resistant of resulted particle board were increased with addition of LDPE resin. Modulus of elasticity and surface hardness of the particleboard were slightly decreased with addition of LDPE resin. The intenal bond was unchanged. The best treatment was found on lamination the surface of particleboard with 5% LDPE resin. All the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard laminated with 5% LDPE resin met the requirements of JIS A 5908-2003 standard.Key words: dimensional stabilization, low density polyethylene, mechanical properties, particleboard

Pengaruh Dimensi dan Pre-kompresi Kayu terhadap Sifat Penyerapan Air Dimensions and Pre-Compression Wood Influences on Water Absorption Lisman Suryanegara; Wahyu Dwianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 2 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research attempted to understand the effect of dimension and pre-compression on water absorption behavior of wood. Wood samples were water immersed at room temperature and 60°C for 48 hours in certain periods. Retention, weight gain and recovery level were observed.The results showed that water absorption mostly depended on radial and tangential area for un-compressed wood. For pre-compressed wood, the different of water immersion temperature caused recovery level differences. The retention of pre-compressed wood samples which 60°C water immersion for 48 hours were higher than that of un-compressed wood samples

Efikasi Ekstrak Daun Tuba sebagai Anti Rayap Alami (Efficacy of Tuba Leaves Extract as a Natural Antitermite) Syarif Hidayatullah; Andi A Rizaldy; Helmi Gracia; Syahidah Syahidah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Wood preservation is one way to enhance the durability of wood, especially for low grade natural durable woods. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of tuba (Derris elliptica)leaves extract against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes sp. The leaves was milled and extracted with ethanol solvent to give it’s extracts. There were two kinds of antitermite test which were conducted in this study, namely direct test (stomach toxic test) and indirect test (respiratory toxic test). The mortality of termites and the weight loss of the paper discs were used to determine antitermite activity of the extract. The result showed that the higher concentration of the extract, the higher mortality of termites for both of the test. The concentration of the extract were 2, 4, and 6% with the mortality 40.0, 69.1 and 93.3%, respectively for direct test and 71.5, 75.8 and 89.7%, respectively for indirect test. Moreover, the weight losses of paper discs of direct test were 5.29, 3.07 and 1.94%, respectively.Keywords: Derris elliptica, natural antitermite, preservative, tuba leaves ekstract

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(lactid acid) Bamboo Fiber Composites Nanang Masruchin; Sasa S Munawar; Subyakto Subyakto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The effect of natural fiber, unbleached bamboo fibers (BF) on poly(lactid acid) (PLA) composite by means mechanical and thermal properties on the presence of plasticizer, triacetine was investigated. Wet processing was chosen by dissolving PLA on dicloromethane then BF with different fiber loading i.e 30, 40 and 50% were added. Thermal properties were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetry (TGA). The result showed that BF could increase the flexural strength and modulus of pure PLA by increasing the fiber loading. Moreover, it decreased at high fiber content (50%) due to the agglomeration of the fiber; however, the mechanical properties are still better than those of neat PLA. The best performances were shown by increasing the strength and modulus by 49.55% and 122.71% at 40% fiber content, respectively. DSC showed that fiber loading and plasticizer decreased glass transition temperature (Tg), meanwhile melting temperature (Tm) not significantly influence. Beside that TGA analyze showed that PLA/BF 60/40 composite start to decompose at 230 oC. Microscopic surface fracture of composites revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed fibers pull out, may due to lack of fiber-matrix bonding.Key words: bamboo fibers, composites, DSC, poly(lactic acid).

Evaluasi Kondisi Komponen Pengaku pada Menara Pendingin dan Perkiraan Sisa Masa Pakainya Effendi T. Bahtiar; Wilis Wiryawan; Kholiyah Kholiyah; Rita K. Sari; Arinana Arinana; Naresworo Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Menara pendingin merupakan sistem pendinginan yang melepaskan panas ke udara untuk menurunkan suhu air melalui mekanisme penguapan. Air panas ditumpahkan dari puncak ke dasar menara, melewati sirip-sirip sehingga air terpencar dan kontak dengan angin dingin. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur degradasi komponen pengaku pada bangunan menara pendingin yang telah berumur 15 tahun, serta menduga sisa umur pakainya. Beberapa pengujian dilakukan antara lain identifikasi jenis kayu, uji sisaan bahan pengawet, pengukuran degradasi kerapatan, uji mekanis statis, dan uji rangkak. Kayu diidentifikasi sebagai Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dinding sel kayu telah terdegradasi, kerapatan kayu di lapisan luar telah menurun di banding kontrol, dan sifat-sifat mekanis kayu telah terdegradasi sehingga nilainya menjadi lebih rendah daripada spesifikasi NDS 2005. Uji creep juga menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan kayu terus menurun seiring dengan semakin lamanya jangka waktu pembebanan. Berdasarkan laju deteriorasi kayu dan penurunan kekuatan selama jangka waktu pembebanan, sebuah model matematika dibangun untuk menduga sisa masa pakai kayu. Model yang dibangun menghasilkan dugaan sisa masa pakai komponen pengaku yaitu 7 tahun lagi.

Karakteristik LVL Lengkung dengan Proses Kempa Dingin Characteristic of LVL Bent by Cold Press Process Teguh Darmawan; Wahyu Dwianto; Yusup Amin; Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo; Bambang Subiyanto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bending LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) is a more effisien method to manufacture bent wood components compare to other methods in raw materials point of view. The Bending LVL was made from Sengon veneers by cold press process with variation of Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive of 250, 280, 310 g/m2 and bend radius of 200,300, 400 mm. The results showed that the physical properties of Bending LVL made by using Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive and cold press process was fit with JAS 1639/1986 standard. The optimum adhesive concentration and bend radius was 250 g/m2 and 20 cm, respectively

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