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Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy

JPT
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : - EISSN : 2745455X DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/ijpther.4468

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy (IJPTher ) is a scientific journal which managed by Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada. IJPTher is an open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal published twice Issues a year. IJPTher aims to communicate high-quality articles in the fields of pharmacology. IJPTher publishes original articles, review articles, case reports and book reviews in the fields of pharmacology including basic pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, pharmacotherapy, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, pharmacoeconomic, toxicology and toxicogenomics.

Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)

Articles 58 Documents

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The Liver histopathology structure of Wistar rats on the acute toxicity test of Kapulaga Seeds extract (Amomum cardamomum) Ratih Dewi Yudhani; Rizka Hendriyani; Riza Novierta Pesik
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 1 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

One-third of the Indonesian population uses herbs for alternative medicine empirically. One of them is Kapulaga (Amomum cardamomum) which known as a spice and traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatic, fever, cough, sore throat, and mouth odor. The clinical use of herbs must be supported by scientific evidenced-based and its safety profile. The risk of exposure to a substance in humans can be identified through the toxicity tests on animals. The liver histopathological structure is one of the parameters of the acute toxicity test. This study to determine the acute toxicity of Kapulaga seeds extract (Amomum cardamomum) based on the liver histopathological structure of Wistar rats. The sample selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria in the OECD 420 guideline. The research consisted of a preliminary and the main test. One rat was used in the preliminary test with an initial dose of cardamom seed extract 300 mg/kg BW and followed by a maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg BW after 48 hours. The main test used 10 rats that were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. Based on the result of the preliminary test, the treatment group was given a single dose of cardamom seed extract 2000mg /kg BW, whilst the control group was given distilled water. Observations of any toxic signs or dead were conducted every 30 minutes in the first 4 hours and continued once per day until 14thday. Assessment of the degree of liver damage was done using the liver damaged scoring and compared using the Mann Whitney test (α = 0.05). The average liver damage score of control and treatment groups is 0.96 ± 0,856 and 0.96 ± 0,604, respectively, and did not show any statistically significant differences (p>0,05). Kapulagaseeds (Amomum cardamomum) had no acute toxic effect based on the liver histopathological structure of Wistar rats.

Hyaluronic acid as an active agent to accelerate bone regeneration aftertooth extraction: a literature review Andyka Yasa I Putu Gede; I Made Jawi; I Made Muliarta
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 1 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Tooth extraction is a dental treatment that is performed frequently in dentistry. This procedure will stimulate a sophisticated healing process involving a variety of biological factors although it takes a long time to complete. Three phases occur in this process i.e. the inflammatory phase, the proliferation phase, and the remodeling phase which aim to restore the tissue function. Several interventions can be used to accelerate bone formation after tooth extraction. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been commonly used in dentistry due to their essential physiological effects for the periodontal connective tissue, gingiva, and alveolar bone. Hyaluronic acidis a natural non-sulfate glycosaminoglycans compound that has high molecular weight consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Hyaluronic acidis also a component of the extracellular matrix that plays an important role in morphogenesis and tissue healing. The mechanism of action of HA works in two ways, that is passive and active mechanism. The passive mechanism is depend on physical and chemical properties of HA that can change the molecular weight and concentration properties. The active mechanism of HA works by stimulating signal transduction pathway initiated by ligand binding with its receptors through autocrine or paracrine processes. The administration of HA can accelerate bone formation due to it can enhance bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) which belongs to the TGF- β superfamily that has high osteogenic capacity. The HA works through a passive mechanism that depends on its molecular weight and an active mechanism by increasing BMP activity.

Hepatoprotective effect of chewable tablet of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb extractin Wistar rats induced by high fat diets Akrom; Feri Anggita Hastanto; Laela hayu Nurani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Gotukola or Centella asiatica (L.) Urban contains high flavonoids which well known as fatty liver protector. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of chewable tablet of C. asiatica (L.) Urb extract (CTCE) in Wistar rats induced by high fat diets. Twenty-one Wistar male rats aged 8-12 weeks with body weight ranging from 100-150 g were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups i.e. Group 1 as normal control, rats were given standard food, Group 2 as high fat diets control, rats were induced high fat diets (HFD),Group 3 as positive control, rats were induced HFD and given simvastatin, Group 4 as placebo control, rats were induced HFD and given placebo, Group 5-7 as treatment group, rats were induced HFD and given CTCE at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW, respectively. The HFD induction was conducted for five weeks andthe CTCE was given for one week in the last week of the induction. At the end of the intervention, blood triglyceride levels and SGPT as well SGOT activities were examined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with confidence interval of 95% (p<0.05) was applied. The results showed that the HFD induction increased the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity. The serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 2 were significantly higher than Group 1 (p<0.05). Furthermore, the simvastatin and CTCE administration reduced the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity. The serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 3, 5, 6and 7 were significantly lower than Group 2 and 4 (p<0.05). In addition, the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 5, 6 and 7 were significantly lower than Group 3 (p<0.05). In conclusion, CTCE can reduce the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity in Wistar rats induced by HFD.

Potential targeted therapy: The role of MicroRNAs in breast cancer metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell regulation Pamungkas Bagus Satriyo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract In the advancement of breast cancer treatment, metastatic breast cancer is remaining as an incurable disease. It contributes to almost 90% of cancer-related death in breast cancer cases. Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a serial change of the epithelial cell to gain the mesenchymal-like phenotype. In cancer, the cells that undergo the EMT lose the adherent junction protein, cell polarity, and gain the invasive phenotype. Recent studies showed that the EMT induces the cancer stem cell-like phenotypes in cancer cells. These cells possess self-renewal ability, and multi-lineage differentiation capacity to generate the new bulk of tumor during cancer distant metastasis. Both EMT and cancer stem cells take responsibility in drug-resistant, and relapse cases in breast cancer. In the last decades, a new type of non-coding RNA, microRNA (miR) shows have an important role in the normal physiological and pathophysiological condition such as cancer. Recent studies revealed that the EMT is regulated by microRNAs. In this review, we discussed the microRNAs regulation on the EMT process through TGF-β, and Wnt signaling pathways in breast cancer. Understanding of microRNA regulation in EMT in breast cancer metastasis gives a chance to explore a new therapy approach to improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients. In addition, we also explored several potential approaches targeting microRNA as a new approach of cancer treatment. Keywords: breast cancer, microRNA, EMT, metastasis, targeted therapy.

Synthesis of 3-carbethoxy-4(3’-chloro-4’-hydroxy) phenyl-but-3-en-2-one and its cytotoxicity evaluation against cancer cell carrying mutant p53 Jeffry Julianus; Mustofa; Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Overexpression of mutant p53 in cancer cell inactivates the p53 pathways to execute apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This study aimed to synthesize new kardiena derivative compound, 3-carbethoxy-4(3’-chloro-4’-hydroxy)phenyl-but-3-en-2-one, to reactivate the p53 pathways to execute apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Characterization of the synthetic compound employing melting point, IR, EI-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectra revealed 3-carbethoxy-4(3’-chloro-4’-hydroxy)phenyl-but-3-en-2-one was successfully synthesized from 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate using dimethylamine as a catalyst. This compound had antiproliferative activity against the WiDr cells which carried mutant p53. Its antiproliferative activity was better than 5’-FU as a reference standard to treat colon cancer. Increasing WiDr cell accumulation in the G2-M phase, the active form of caspase-3, and inducing apoptosis demonstrated the ability of 3-carbethoxy-4(3’-chloro-4’-hydroxy)phenyl-but-3-en-2-one to reactivate p53 pathways to execute apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells carrying mutant p53.

Drugs repurposing for COVID-19: phase III clinical trial evaluation Woro Rukmi Pratiwi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

World Health Organization (WHO) has announced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic which is the largest public health crisis in this century. The spread of COVID-19 is still not well-controlled even become global health threat. As new disease, the specific drugs for COVID-19 have not been available, yet. Face of this condition, repurposing existing drugs become the best options in order to meet the urgently need of the effective drugs. In this article, the clinical trial results of some drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 included hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, oseltamivir, favipiravir, and corticosteroids were reviewed. Hydroxychloroquine, choloquine and lopinavir/ritonavir were shown to be ineffective. Therefore, they were excluded from the list of drugs for the tratment of COVID-19 by WHO and the National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia (NCDE NA-DFC RI). Furthermore, NA-DFC RI has issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for the use of remdesivir and favipiravir for the treatment of COVID-19.

The resistance status of Aedes aegypti larvae to Temephos in Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta Mia Munawaroh Yuniyanti; Sitti Rahmah Umniyati; Ernaningsih
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

There are still many cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and tend to increaseover time. One strategy to reduce the increase in cases of dengue infection isto eradicate Aedes aegypti as a vector using insecticides. The use of insecticidesfor a long time can cause resistance. The purpose of this study was to determinethe resistance status of Aedes aegypti larvae against temephos in Depok, Sleman.This quasi experimental test was carried out on 3rd instar larvae of aedesaegypti from RW 9 and 10 Minomartani, Depok, Sleman. The treatment groupwas exposed 0.02 ppm temephos for 24 hours. The analysis was presented in theform of percentage of larval mortality and resistance categories based on WHOguidelines. The mortality percentage of Aedes aegypti larvae in RW 9 was 100%,while the mortality from RW 10 was 97%. Aedes aegypti larvae in Depok district,Sleman are still susceptible to temephos at a dose of 0.02 ppm.

Reducing visual analog scale (VAS) in circumcision patient by the additional of topical anesthesia agent in local anesthesia procedures M. Fadel Dikaprio; Muhammad Fadhol Romdhoni; Refni Riyanto Riyanto; Susiyadi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Circumcision could be painful before, during, and after the surgery. The local anesthesia is often used in medical practice in order to reduce pain during circumcision. Topical anesthesia works by eliminating pain sensation after direct application on skin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of additional of topical anesthesia agent for circumcision on the visual analog scale (VAS). It was a cross sectional study using the data of medical records from a Circumcision Clinic (Rumah Sunatan) in Purwokerto, Central Java conducted from July 2019 to March 2020. As a result, there were 127 subjects (70.6%) belong to Mild Category VAS, while 26 subjects (14.4%) got Moderate, and 27 subjects (15.0%) fall under Severe Category. The application of topical anesthesia for circumcision could reduce the VAS value by 70.6 %.

Antiplasmodial activity and genome mining study of marine-derived Streptomyces sp. GMY01 Ema Damayanti; Jaka Widada; Achmad Dinoto; Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

High resistance to chloroquine in most malaria-endemic area in the world leads to the need for new antimalaria drugs. Marine bacterium Streptomyces is the source for potential new antimalarial molecules. This research aimed to investigate antiplasmodial activity of marine-derived of Streptomyces sp. GMY01 and to identify potential active compounds using genome mining study. In vitro antiplasmodial activity assays using flow cytometry method showed that the ethyl acetate extract of this bacterium had high antiplasmodial activity (IC50 value of 1.183 µg/mL) on Plasmodium falciparum FCR3. Genome mining analysis of whole-genome sequences using antiSMASH 6.0 beta version revealed that Streptomyces sp. GMY01 had 28 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including the genes encoding polyketide synthase, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, terpene, lanthipeptide, bacteriocin, butyrolactone, ectoin, siderophore, and others. The known BGCs were predicted to be involved in the production of known compounds from gene clusters ranged from 5 to 100% similarity. Ongoing purification and elucidation of the structures will allow identification of the active compounds produced by marine-derived Streptomyces sp. GMY01.

Evaluation of administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in severe preeclampsia patients at X General Hospital in Jakarta Abraham Simatupang; Ida Bagus Sutha Dwipajaya
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFI) and Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

The high number of maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still a problem in Indonesia. Three ethyologies of maternal death are infection (12%), hypertension in pregnancy (25%) and bleeding (30%). Pre-eclampsia as a form of hypertension during pregnancy requires antihypertensive drug therapy. Rationality assessment for any kinds of pharmacotherapy is based on the right indication, the right medicine, the right patient, and the right dose. The main indication for antihypertensive medication in pregnancy is applied to the mother’s in preventing cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, patterns and accuracy of the administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at X General Hospital in Jakarta in 2018. It was a non-experimental study with a descriptive and retrospective design using medical records. Administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at the X General Hospital in Jakarta showed 91.9% right indication, 86.72% right drug, 96.9% right patient and only 5.26% right dose with 4.0% accuracy of rational administration and use of drugs. In conclusion, the right dose in the management of patients with severe preeclampsia in X General Hospital in Jakarta is still low. Further training and close monitoring and evaluation on the rational use of antihypertension in severe preeclampsia is needed.

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Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email
nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6289672800034

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ijpther@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

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Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA