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Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease

IJTID
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20851103 EISSN : 23560991 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.

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Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)" : 6 Documents clear

THE RISK FACTORS FOR DRUG INDUCED HEPATITIS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL Soedarsono Soedarsono; Sari Mandayani; Kinasih Prayuni; Rika Yuliwulandari
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) is common side effect leading to changes in treatment regimens, and the less effective second-line treatments. Several risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and acetylization status for hepatotoxicity were suggested in previous studies but in the fact, those are often not related to DIH incidence after receiving standard TB treatment regimen. The aim of this study was to asses the role of risk factors in the DIH incidence in pulmonary TB patients receiving standard TB treatment regimen in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Study design was analytic observational with case control. The subjects were 30 TB DIH patients and 31 TB non-DIH patients receiving standard national TB program therapy. DIH severity was divided based on International DIH Expert Working Group. Demographic data and BMI status were taken from medical records. The age classification are ≥35 years old and <35 years old as one of the risk factors studied. DNA sequencing was used to assess single-nucleotide polymorphisms in NAT2 coding region to evaluate acetylator status from blood samples. The risk factors were evaluated using chi-square test and Mantel-Haenszel test. Significant association between low BMI and DIH in general was identified (OR=3.017; 95% CI=1.029-8.845) and more significant association between low BMI and moderate DIH (OR=15.833; 95% CI=1.792-139.922). Age, sex, and acetylization status has no significant correlation with DIH incidence in general. Significant association between slow acetylator phenotype and incidence of moderate DIH was identified (OR=7.125; 95% CI= 1.309-38.711). In conclusion, some risk factors were correlated to DIH incidence in pulmonary TB patientsreceiving standart TB treatment regimen.

POTENCY OF LUTEOLIN WITH SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE (SLN)-POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) MODIFICATION FOR ARTEMISININ-RESISTANT PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM INFECTION William Kamarullah; Erika Indrajaya; Janice Emmanuella
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Falciparum malaria is still considered as one of the important global health problems and its causal agent (Plasmodium falciparum) is reported to be the third most common factor for contributing the number of deaths in the world. As we all know, Artemisinins arethe most rapidly acting of currently available antimalarial drugs. Along with Artesunate, these two combining drugs, the so-called Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) has become the foundation of modern falciparum malaria treatment globally. Nowadays, however, there have been reports about intricate cases of resistance against Artemisinin in various Southeast Asian countries and it is predicted to spread over several other countries, including Indonesia. Therefore, adjuvant therapy is required along with first-line therapy administration to help eradicate both Artemisinin-sensitive and resistant P. falciparum. Luteolin in vitro has a prospective inhibitory activity (IC50<50 μg) in inhibiting the development of parasite’s life cycle. Nonetheless, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics restrict clinical application. The low bioavailability of luteolin requires encapsulation using solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). SLN is useful for improving the bioavailability of luteolin in the body, whereas PEG is needed in order to prevent the destruction of luteolin-SLN substance by the reticuloendothelial system. Here in this literature review, we’re trying to demonstrate the benefits, potential, way of constructions, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of luteolin encapsulated with SLN with PEG modification. Thus, it is hoped that the results of this literature study may encourage further research in assisting the development of adjuvant therapy for cases of Artemisinin-resistant P. falciparum infection.

DETERMINANT FACTORS OF DROP OUT (DO) AMONG MULTI DRUGS RESISTANCE TUBERCULOSIS (MDR TB) PATIENTS AT JAKARTA PROVINCE IN 2011 TO 2015 Sitti Farihatun; Putri Bungsu Machmud
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

The prevalence of Drop out (DO) among Multi Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) patients increases every year in Jakarta Province. The latest data of 2016 contains 367 drug resistant TB patients and 78 patients (21.2%) were DO. This study was aimed to analyze the determinant factors of Drop Out (DO) among MDR TB patients in Jakarta Province between 2011 to 2015 based on risk factors of age, sex, HIV status, sputum test, type of patient, number of previous treatments and number of drugs resistance. This study was used secondary data that source from cohort registration e-TB Manager from DKI Jakarta Health Office with total 516 samples. The design study was an observational cross sectional quantitative study. DO is a condition of patients who have been treated and drop out of treatment for 2 consecutive months or more. The crude prevalence of DO among MDR TB patients was 44.6%. Trend of DO among MDR TB was increased since 2011 to 2015. There was a further increase more than 10% in every year. The proportion of DO among MDR TB in Jakarta was more than 64 years old (63.6%), male (47.3%), patients with status HIV negative (44.9%), patients that never or ever consumed drugs less than 1 month (61.2%), and patients with >2 drugs resistance (45.7%). The results of this study indicated that proportion of DO among MDR TB patients at Jakarta Province in 2011-2015 was high. Therefore, it is necessary efforts that can decrease DO cases among MDR TB patients. This study was expected to be a reference for Jakarta Province Health Office in implement P2TB Program implementation and reach target precisely.

BLASTOCYSTIS AND OTHER INTESTINAL PARASITES INFECTIONS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DUKUH VILLAGE, KARANGASEM DISTRICT, BALI Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini; I Kadek Swastika; Luh Ariwati; Rahmadany Isyaputri; Moh. Yasin Fitri N; Sri Hidajati; Sukmawati Basuki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Blastocystis spp. is the most common enteric parasitic infection found in several community surveys from developing countries. Blastocystis infections may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, but also cause extraintestinal symptoms such as urticaria and joint pain. Blastocystis infection can also be asymptomatic or a carrier. However, the prevalence of Blastocystis infection in children has not yet been fully investigated in Indonesia, particularly in Bali Province. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Blastocystis and other intestinal parasites in elementary school children stools in Dukuh village, Karangasem regency. A cross sectional study was conducted in September 2016. A total of 103 school children stools were collected by informed consent and parasites were examined by microscopy with wet mounts method using Lugol’s iodine solution. Thirty-five school children were infected with Blastocystis spp. (35/103, 34%) that consisted of a single infection (29/35, 82.9%) and mix infection with other parasites (6/35, 17.1%). The mix infections were Blastocystis spp. and hookworm infection (1/6, 16.7%), Blastocystis spp. and Entamoeba coli (1/6, 16.7%), Blastocystis spp. and Giardia lamblia (2/6, 33.3%), Blastocystis spp. and Entamoeba histolytica/ Entamoeba dispar (1/6, 16.7%) and Blastocystis spp. and Entamoeba histolytica/ Entamoeba dispar and Giardia lamblia (1/6, 16.7%). The vacuolar forms of Blastocystis were dominantly found, in which was non-infectious form, whereas the infectious form is the cyst form and Blastocystis density was observed less than 5 cells per field of view at 400 magnification in all cases. This study concluded that the high prevalence of Blastocystis infection in elementary school children in Dukuh Village, Karangasem District, Bali that were dominantly single infections and several mix infections with other intestinal parasites. The high prevalence of Blastocystis infection in elementary school children suggested that it needs proper prevention measures for the children in this study area.

RNA ISOLATION OF DENGUE VIRUS TYPE 1 WITH DIFFERENT PRECIPITATION SOLVENTS: DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE, ACETONE, AND ETHANOL 70% Anisa Maharani; Teguh Hari Sucipto; Harsasi Setyawati; Siti Churrotin; Ilham Harlan Amarullah; Puspa Wardhani; Aryati Aryati; Shuhai Ueda; Soegeng Soegijanto
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by dengue viruses that belong to Flaviviridae. The disease is known to be caused by 4 types of dengue viruses, namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 associated with antigenic. Dengue virus is a virus RNA that causes illness with clinical manifestations of Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome. The aim of research was to determine the effectiveness of dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, and ethanol 70% as precipitation solvent in the process of RNA isolation. The method used was Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers for dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1). RNA isolation can be done easily using an RNA Isolation Kit. Use of RNA Isolation Kit results in a purer RNA isolate from contaminants and from RNA degradation. In generally the isolation is using cold ethanol / alcohol with concentration 90-95%. Ethanol / Alcohol does not dissolve RNA and light density of alcohol lighter than water makes RNA rise and hover on the surface. In RNA isolation solvent precipitation that used are acetone, ethanol 70%, and DMSO. In qualitative RNA measurements using agarose gel electrophoresis and was examined under the UV light-illuminator and quantitative RNA measurements using Nanodrop spectrophotometry with absorbance ratio at 260/280 and 260/230 showed a good result indicated by the appearance of the band on electrophoresis results in PCR. While the measurement quantitatively is showed that there was still protein contamination but the results are quite good because it does not much different from the ratio set in the reference. Acetone, ethanol 70%, and DMSO can be used as a substitute of 96% ethanol in the process of RNA isolation in DENV-1 virus and can also be applied to other dengue virus because the structure of the 4th antigen serotype is very similar one with the other and no effect.

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI L3 LARVAE DETECTION IN CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS AS VECTOR POTENTIAL OF FILARIASIS IN ENDEMIC AREA OF SOUTH TANGERANG, BY UTILIZING PCR ASSAY FOR L3-ACTIVATED CUTICLIN TRANSCRIPT mRNA GENE AND TPH-1 GENE Silvia Fitrina Nasution; Chris Adhiyanto; Evi Indahwati
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

South Tangerang district is an endemic area for Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis with a prevalence rate of microfilaria (mf) at a range of 1 - 2.4% in 2008-2009. Culex quinquefasciatus plays an important role as the major vector of transmission for the parasite. It remains a problem on how to determine that the mosquitoe roles as a vector or disease transmitter when there is no evidence of filarial parasite larvae 3 (L3) by the microscopic examination. In assessing the transmission risk of the filarial parasite, a DNA-based detection method was carried out to specifically detect the presence of W. bancrofti infective L3 larvae in the mosquitoe. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to detect a specific DNA obtained from W. bancrofti L3 larvae in a very low number or low antigen titer. The assay was purposed as preliminary study to detect the presence of L3 filarial of W.bancrofti in Cx. quinquefasciatus by utilizing the expression of L3-activated cuticlin transcript mRNA gene and tph-1 gene. The result of PCR based analysis of mosquitoes collected from the suggested area showed that there is a low but detectable number of L3 infected mosquito with W. bancrofti. Among the 18 isolated DNA samples of mosquitoes, we found 7 positive samples (38.89%) with the presence of filarial larvae DNA expressing L3-activated cuticlin transcript mRNA and tph-1 genes, which determined as 123 bp for Wb-cut-1.2 and 153bp for tph-1. In contrast by microscopic result, we found no evidence of L3 larvae of the parasite in the mosquitoe’s dissecting samples. The PCR assay in our study was proven sensitive to detect the presence of Wb-L3 filarial larvae in Cx. quinquefasciatus

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