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Perspektif Kultural Pengelolaan Lingkungan pada Masyarakat Adat Cikondang Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat Billyardi Ramdhan; Tatik Chikmawati; Eko Baroto Waluyo
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.7-14

Peoples of Traditional Cikondang Village, located in the village of Lamajang, Pangalengan, Bandung City West Java have a very close relation to the environment along with its natural resources. This relation is expressed in the form of procedures and rules on the management and utilization of landscape units as well as the diversity of plants as a form of adaptation to the natural environment. This research was conducted through ethnographic method for photographing people’s lives and ethnobotany to know the biological resources that are important to Cikondang’s people’s daily lives. Descriptive and analytical methods are used through interviews with 87 respondents and 4 key informants. Results of research on landscape units that were identified by the community, indicates that in terms of the character, function, and its management there are 9 units of landscape that is both natural landscape and which has been modified by Cikondang community activities. Each unit of the landscape is characterized by vegetation cover according to the type of value in order for daily life. Meanwhile, cultural factors, economic, and political could be a trigger to the landscape transformation of one type of landscape into other landscapes.

Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Bahan Bioaktif Selaginella plana dan Selaginellla willdenovii pada Beberapa Media Tanam Miftahudin .; Dwi Suci Setyaningsih; Tatik Chikmawati
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.1-6

Selaginella, a genus of Pteridophyte, is known as an herb that contains of several bioactive compounds. The growth and bioactive compounds of plant were affected by plant environment, such as media types. The objective of the research was to obtain an appropriate plant media for growing S. plana dan S. willdenovii, and its effect on the content of bioactive compounds. The experiment consisted of two factors, plant growth media and the species of Selaginella. The first factor consisted of eight plant growth media, i.e.: soil, rice husk, rice husk : soil = 1:1 (v/v), burned rice husk, soil : burned rice huks = 1:1 (v/v), burned rice husk : rice husk = 1:1 (v/v), burned rice husk : rice husk = 3:1 (v/v), and burned rice husk : rice husk = 1:3 (v/v). The second factor was two spesies of Selaginella, i.e.: S. plana and S. willdenovii. Ethanol extract of Selaginella was qualitatively analyzed for flavonoid, tannin, and saponin content. The result showed that both fresh and dry weights of Selaginella were influenced by the type of plant media, Selaginella species, and their interactions. S. plana and S. willdenovii grew best on medium containing soil: burned rice = 1:1 (v/v). The highest flavonoid content of S. plana and S. willdenovii was also obtained from the plant grown on the same media. Comparing to the bioactive compound content of natural plant, saponin content of S. plana and S. willdenovii was increased by the treatment of plant media. The treatment also increased tannin content of S. plana, but not of S. willdenovii.

Pertumbuhan Planlet Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria sp.) Blue Leaf dari Kultur Kalus Diah Ratnadewi; Ai Nurhasanah Husnul Izzati; Aris Tjahjoleksono
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.15-18

Lidah mertua (Sansevieria sp.) Blue Leaf is a slow growing ornamental plant. It is also difficult to reproduce. Therefore market demands for this plant is impossible to fulfill through conventional methods of propagation such as leaf cutting or layering. Tissue culture is one of the alternatives to solve the problem of plant propagation. In vitro culture of Sansevieria calli was induced for shooting, and rooting afterwards. The basic media of WP was superior than MS in producing multiple shoots, and this WP media containing of BAP 5 mg/L and NAA 0,5 mg/L (WH1) gave the highest number of shoots and leaves on plantlets, as well as the best growth performance. The shoots started to appear two weeks after culture. Plantlets from WH1 rooted in higher frequency as well on rooting media. A mixture of compost, sand, and zeolit (4:4:1) enriched with a nutritive solution, composting of 1⁄4 WP plus IBA 0.5 mg/L, was a poreous media that was able to induce rooting of this plant.

Ecology Service Tumbuhan Herba untuk Lebah Trigona sp. Rismayanti; Triadiati; Rika Raffiudin
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.19-25

Herbaceous plants are able to flower any time, give them opportunity to interact with insects. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of pollen collected by Trigona sp. in herbaceous ecosystem and counted the percentage of pollen viability from the pollen basket. Trigona’s nest was adapted at plot and the herbaceous plants with their pollen were identified. Pollen were took from hind legs at 07.00, 08.00 and 09.00 am. Pollen slide were make by acetolysis and SEM methods. Pollen were identified and examined of viability. Identification herbaceous plants and their pollen on plot showed that there were 7 herbaceous plants: Kyllinga monocephala, Cleome rutidosperma, Pennisetum polystachyon, Ageratum conyzoides, Brachiaria mutica, Cyperus orodatus, and Eleutheranthera ruderalis. Otherwise pollen which were collected by Trigona sp. consist of 11 kinds of pollen from 6 families, that were Sapindaceae, Leguminoceae, Loranthaceae, Malvaceae, Symplocaceae, and unidentified family.Viability of pollen ranged from 88.8% to 99.8%. The result of identification herbacious plants and pollen that were taken by Trigona sp. indicated that there was not similarity therefore, it was no interaction between herbaceous plants in the plot with Trigona sp.

Seleksi Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Starter Kering Menggunakan Matriks Tapioka Asam Ira Erdiandini; Titi Candra Sunarti; Anja Meryandini
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.26-33

The development of industrial fermentation food could not separate with the availability of culture starter that suffice to support its production. Dried starter can be an option to use in fermentation industry because it can be stored for longer time without rejuvenation. However, in the process of production of dried starter needs the matrix to maintain cell viability, economically and availability of raw material. This research was conducted to use selected dried starter of indigenous lactic acid bacteria by using sour cassava starch matrix. Eleven local isolates lactic acid bacteria isolates from spontaneous fermentation of carbohydrates commodity were selected based on their acid production capabilities and antibiotics susceptibilities. Isolate of E 1222 showed the best result and was identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus. The isolate was encapsulated with sour cassava starch matrix for making dried starter by using freeze dryer and spray dryer. Freeze dried starter culture could maintained the cell viability higher than spray dried starter culture i.e 10.34 log CFU/g and 8.91 log CFU/g, respectively. Finally, freeze dried starter culture could maintain the percentage of cell viability until 89.38% during four-weeks storage at 4 oC.

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jamur Lentinus sajor-caju isolat LSC9 pada Media Serbuk Gergajian Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit HENNY SULISTANY; LISDAR IDWAN SUDIRMAN
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.2.41-46

Paraserianthes falcataria sawdust (SGS) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (TKKS) are by-product of forestry and oil palm industries. SGS is commonly substrates for mushroom cultivation. TKKS is expected to be an alternative substrates for mushroom cultivation besides SGS. This study was conducted to determine the growth and fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate on SGS, TKKS and mixtures of both substrates (C) with proportion 1:1 respectively. Each substrates were added with 15% rice bran, 1.5% gypsum and 1.5% CaCO3 with a total weight of 500 g/bag. The result showed that the growth and fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate on SGS was better than TKKS and C substrates with biological efficiency on SGS substrates (50.88%) higher than TKKS substrates (34.42%) and C substrates (29.51%), with vegetative phase (16 days), generative phase (100 days) and growth and development phase (115 days) on TKKS substrates were shorter than SGS and C substrates. The greatest pileus number found on SGS substrates (12 pieces), while the largest pileus diameter found on C substrates (10.17 cm). Nevertheless, TKKS can be used as alternative substrates for fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate.

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Galur-Galur Padi Toleran Fe Generasi F8 Hasil Persilangan IR64 x Hawara Bunar di Lahan Pasang Surut, Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan LA KOLAKA; MUNIF GHULAMAHDI; . MIFTAHUDIN
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.2.47-53

Utilization of marginal lands such as tidal land should be done to increase rice production as a solution of the decreasing productive land. However, rice cultivation in such land will be affected by low soil fertility, soil acidity and Fe toxicity. Fe-tolerant varieties are needed to overcome those problems. The objective of the research was to analyze the growth and production of Fe tolerant rice lines in tidal soil type C, Banyuasin, South Sumatera. Screening for Fe-tolerant character of 54 rice lines from the F8 RIL population derived from a cross between rice var. IR64 and var. Hawara Bunar using hydroponic technique under 1000 ppm Fe resulted 25 Fe-tolerant lines. The field test of 25 putative tolerant rice lines, at the tidal land in Banyuurip, Banyuasin, showed that the most lines grew better than that of var. Hawara Bunar parent. Several lines produced yield higher than that of var. Hawara Bunar parent. The field experiment resulted two rice lines, which were IRH108 and IRH195 that potential for further studies.

Induksi Pembentukan Gaharu Menggunakan Berbagai Media Tanam dan Cendawan Acremonium sp. dan Fusarium sp. Pada Aquilaria crassna TRIADIATI .; DIANA AGUSTIN CAROLINA; MIFTAHUDIN .
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 2 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.2.1.1-6

Aquilaria crassna is one of the Aquilaria species that could produce agarwood. agarwood production of A. crassna can be induced by microfungi as an inoculant. Ecological interaction between the host plant, wounding and inoculant in the formation of agarwood has not yet clearly. other factors like the plant ages, plant species, environ- ment also played important roles in the formation of agarwood. This research aimed to determine the influence of the combination between planting media and Acremonium sp. and Fusarium sp. to agarwood quality of Aquilaria crassna. The experiment was consisted of two factors, which were five planting media and two inoculants fungi i.e. Acremonium sp. and Fusarium sp. The observed parameters were the percentage of senescence leaves, color of wood, level of fragrant and terpenoid content. The best agarwood fragrant was produced by the seedlings that were treated with either combination of husk charcoal media enriched with NPK fertilizer and Acremonium sp. or the combina- tion between husk charcoal media enriched with Hoagland modified solution and Fusarium sp.. The darkest color of wood was produced by the seedlings that were treated with combination of husk charcoal media enriched with NPK fertilizer and Acremonium sp., as well as for the same media with Fusarium sp.. during the experiment terpenoid could not be detected from the treated seedlings. Acremonium sp. caused more leave senescence than that of Fusarium sp..

Studi Populasi Mikrob Fungsional pada Tanah Gambut yang Diaplikasikan Dua Jenis Pestisida MAIPA DIA PATI; SYAIFUL ANWAR; RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI; DADANG .
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 2 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.2.1.7-12

Agricultural land expansion necessity for food security in Indonesia has been faced by the fact in utilizing marginal land such as shallow peat soil in Central Kalimantan. Among problems encountered in such marginal land are pests and diseases incidence. Farmers practice in dealing with those problems is the chemical pesticides application. Unintended chemical pesticides that fall on/into the soil might have an adverse effect to soil microbes activity. This research aimed to assess the effect of pesticides on functional soil microbes population in peat soil. The research used completely randomized factorial design with two factors. First factor was 7 combinations of types (paraquat and buthylphenylmethyl carbamat (BPMC)) and dosages (50, 100, and 200% of recommended dosage) of pesticides. Second factor was 4 incubation times (1, 7, 14, and 28 days). Following the each of incubation times, the soil samples treated and analyzed for population of phosphate solubilizing microbes, cellulolytic microbes, and N2 fixing bacteria. The results show that phosphate solubilizing fungi population decrease by pesticides treatment. In contrast, pesticides significantly increased the Azospirillum population. Adverse effect to microbes population was found on the first day of incubation, however it recovered at 7 days and longer incubation times. In general, functional microbes population with paraquat application lower than BPMC application.

Karakteristik Morfologi dan Anatomi, serta Kandungan Klorofil Lima Kultivar Tanaman Penyerap Polusi Udara Sansevieria trifasciata. Rita Megia; Ratnasari; Hadisunarso
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.2.34-40

Sansevieria trifasciata is an unique houseplant that can provide clean air to occupied room because it can absorb harmful substances from the air. This research aim to compare morphological, and anatomical characters and chlorophyll content of five cultivars of this plant. Morphological characters of all S. trifasciata cultivars observed varied in pattern, colour, and size of the leaf. Stomata can be found on both leaf surfaces; abaxial side have higher stomatal density than adaxial side. Distribution of single stomata was presented in all cultivars, while clustered stomata were also found in cv. Moonsine. Among all cultivars, stomatal density and stomatal index were found the highest in cv. Moonsine. The highest chlorophyll content, the longest leaf, widthest leaf and the thinnest leaf were found in cv. African Dawn. Potentially, S. trifasciata cv. African Dawn and S. trifasciata cv. Moonsine could absorb air pollution better than the other cultivars.

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Jawa barat

INDONESIA