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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 815 Documents
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Development of Green Resin Using Solid Waste Protein Soybean Curd “Tofu” Production Sujito Sujito
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

One of the most concerns associated with many commercially available composites is that they used of non-degradable resins and fibers that primarily made using non-degradable, petroleum-based chemicals as feed stock. These conditions will create a serious problem in term of waste disposal after end of their life. Unlike petroleum, plant based protein and starches are yearly renewable. These resins are increasingly developed for various applications as replacements for non-degradable petroleum based resins. In addition, these resins may be easily composted after their life. In this study, Soybean Pulp Hemi-cellulose (SPH) was modified by cross-linking it with glutaraldehyde (GA). The modified SPH resins were characterized for its surface morphology, tensile and mass losses or biodegradability properties. The effect of GA on the surface morphology, tensile and biodegradability of the SPH resins were discussed. The SPH resins showed improved surface morphology and ductility. However, the increasing the GA content reduces the Young's modulus of the SPH resins. The SPH resins exhibited fracture stress point and Young's modulus maximum of and 3.02 MN/m2, respectively, and biodegradability of 40.42% after 30 days placed on the open air. These properties seem to be sufficient for developing green composites from the SPH resins reinforced with natural fiber for indoor structural applications. Keywords: Green Resin, Soybean Pulp Hemi-cellulose (SPH), Mechanical Properties, Biodegradation.
Blooming Stimulation of Microcystis in Sutami Reservoir Using Nutrients Nitrate and Phosphate in Different ratio Catur Retnaningdyah; Suharjono Suharjono; Agoes Soegianto; Bambang Irawan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Microalgae Cyanobacteria from the genus Microcystis has the potential to bloom in Sutami reservoirs that located in Malang, Indonesia at a particular time. Microcystis is a notorious species because it can produce toxins that are dangerous to other organisms. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of different ratios of Nitrate and Phosphate on the growth of Microcystis in Sutami reservoir. The study was conducted from April to November 2009 and was carried out in situ in the reservoir Sutami with quasi experiment using a completely randomized design. Sutami reservoir water which already contained plankton community therein, including Microcystis were treated with five variations ratio of Nitrate and Phosphate (10, 20, 40, 80, and 160) and untreated water as control. Experiments carried out by using a transparent plastic bag diameter 1 m and 1.5 m long, inserted into the water and be immersed in the water by using bamboo. Calculation of Microcystis abundance and physic-chemical quality of water is done every three days for a month. The results showed that the higher concentration of orthophosphate in the media water of Sutami reservoir have the maximum abundance of Microcystis. Abundance of Microcystis grown in Sutami reservoirs have positively correlated with actual levels of nitrate, nitrite, total phosphate, conductivity, pH, temperature, ratio of Nitrate to Phosphate treatment and water KMnO4 value.Keywords: Blooming Microcystis, the ratio of nutrients Nitrate to Phosphate, Sutami reservoir
Eusideroxylon zwageri (Ulin) as Key Species in Two Zones of Sangkima Rain Forest, Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan Jehan Ramdani Haryati; Intan N. Azizah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Aim of this research was to study trees' diversity quality in primary and intensively used forest of Sangkima area in Kutai National Park (TNK), East Kalimantan (Borneo). Field observation was carried out by vegetation analysis using 17 sampling plots of 25x25 m2. Community structure of each forest was determined by calculating trees' density, basal area, frequency, important value and stratification of species. While trees diversity was estimated by taxa richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and rate of endemism. Both forests were compared by Morisita community similarity index. Data were tabulated by Microsoft Excel 2007 and statistically analyzed by PCA method and supported by hierarchical cluster analysis in SPSS 15.00 for windows. The result showed that diversity quality in primary and intensively used forest of Sangkima TNK was high, indicated by similar stratification. The forests were composed by A stratum trees of > 30 m high to ground cover plants, but they were dominated by B stratum trees of 20-30m high. Primary forest's formation was Eusideroxylon zwageri-Mixed Dipterocarpaceae, while intensively used forest's formation was E. zwageri. Taxa richness of both forests was not different significantly. In the primary forest was found 34 species, 25 families and 16 orders, while intensively used forest was found 36 species, 20 families and 13 orders. Diversity Index of primary forest (H=4.57) was slightly higher than secondary forest (H=4.28). Rate of endemism of both forests reached 100%. Eusideroxylon zwageri and Cananga odorata were co-dominant in the Borneo rain forest. Tree of E. zwageri showed a biggest trunk and largest canopy. Cananga odorata showed a high density in both zones. Luxurious jungle performed A to E strata, but B stratum was dominant. Based on those five characters, trees' diversity quality in Sangkima was still high. Bi plot analysis showed that trees' community structure of both forests composed by three groups. In secondary forest, E. zwageri was a key species and characterized by high important value, while species C. odorata, Dyospiros borneensis and Dillenia beccariana found in a high distribution, otherwise other trees were classified into the 3rd group. Comparing to the secondary forest, even though E. zwageri was also as dominant tree, but the virgin one showed more species growing in a better density, distribution and dominance.Keywords: Tree, Borneo, rain forest, community structure, quality diversity, Kutai National Park
The operation and production in Penaeid farm: mini review ludi parwadani aji
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Penaeid prawn demand in the world market has brought about a dramatic raise in the price of prawns, so, the aquaculture prawn industry also increase. Prawn farming can be divided by intensive, semi intensive or extensive culture system. Extensive culture system has low stocking densities, whereas, intensive culture (very high stocking densities) has highest level of environmental control such as recirculation system and stable ecological system. Predation and disease is the major obstacles in culture system. To deal with predation, farmers use net for covering the ponds and fencing the ponds. Disease organism such as parasites, bacteria, fungal and viruses may be eliminated through sterilization of the water. The commercial diets made from squid and white fish meal may replace fresh diet in semi-intensive culture as fish diet has a problem with preservation. Moreover, maintaining water quality such as dissolve oxygen, pH, nitrogen (ammonia and ammonium) and temperature is very important to support productivity and profitability in prawn farming. The most prominent aims at harvest are to pack the prawn in a way that avoids physical damage, minimize the quantity of prawn left on the bottom of pond, and directly chill prawn. Therefore, good management of water quality, feeding, disease, predation, and harvesting is important in prawn culture.Keywords : penaeid, prawn, culture, production, water quality
Introduction of Pack Test for Participative Environmental Monitoring and Environmental Education for Sustainability in Malaysia Muhammad Faiz Bin Abd Rahman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Pack Test which provided by Kyoritsu Chemical-Check Lab. Corporation has been assumed as a professional easy-to-use onsite water quality checker. The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of application of Pack Test in Malaysia, and to assess the required matters during introduction processes. Two workshops were sampled to prove the potential function of Pack Test in environmental education and participative environmental monitoring. Two hours lecture of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was facilitated as a workshop by author on September 23, 2010, and then the author has assisted a workshop in Putrajaya on October 9, 2010. Questionnaire forms were applied to test as if peoples feeling are positive or not towards Pack Test as preliminary research. Water quality parameters were simultaneously measured by Pack Test, such as, COD, NO3-, CI-, and NH4+ in UTM, pH and NO3- were measured in Putrajaya workshop, respectively. Participant’s feeling in the both workshops showed strong positive potential for Pack Test. Results of water qualities from UTM workshop had big variation in COD and NO3-. Considering the reason, the UTM workshop was conducted without proper support for both facilitator and participant. Participants were able to classify the water quality level in a short time. As for the Putrajaya workshop, with deep support and well skilled instruction by facilitator team, the data showed small variation i.e. good and consistent water quality result. It was obvious that Pack Test was always applicable to assess water environment and it was well functioned as user friendly easy-to-use water quality checker. Thereby the role of Pack Test was segregated from conventional standard methods. The participant’s feeling to Pack Test was strong positive for implementation and to improve public environmental awareness. Simultaneously, they were feeling that peoples can participate more effectively in water environment issues by Pack Test. It was clear that Pack Test was notable in-situ water quality checker, which has advantages over its particular methods that never rely on transport of samples to a distant laboratory for chemical analysis. Above all, it could be a breakthrough point to empower public participation, and environmental education for water sustainability. In addition, it can be pointed out that if there are chance to get skilled of the usage of Pack Test, which will be important for teachers, engineers, and other potential facilitators to ensure the effective usage of Pack Test towards.Keywords: Environmental awareness,Public participation, Simplify environmental monitoring tool, Strategic environmental assessment, Water quality 
Assessment of bio-activities of the crude extract and components of Withania somnifera leaves by bioinformatics Nashi Widodo; Didik Priyandoko; Custer C. Deocaris; Renu Wadhwa; Sunil C. Kaul
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Traditional herbal medicines are now increasingly being appreciated with Western models of integrative health sciences and evidence-based approach both in the basic research and clinic scenario. Ashwagandha is a commonly used plant in Ayurvedic, Indian traditional medicine. Medicinal value of Ashwagandha (WithaniasomniferaDunal) extends from anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-rheumatic, rejuvenation and anti-cancer. Based on the belief that holistic multi-site mechanism of action offers greater chance of success, the traditional Ayurvedicmedicine practices the use of whole herb or its crude extract. It opposes with the mainstream of pharmaceutical industry that uses single and purified molecules. In the present study, we used bioinformatics approach to reveal the mechanism of action of (i) crude extract of Ashwagandha leaf extract and its purified components, (ii) Withanone and (iii) Withaferin A. Whereas p53-p21 was identified as a common signaling pathway for the three kinds of reagents, specific signaling pathways for Withaferin-A and Withanone were identified. Whereas the crude extract and Withanone were selectively toxic to human cancer cells, Withaferin A showed cytotoxicity to the normal cells too. The study suggested that the crude extract or a combinational formulamay be a superior and safenatural reagent for cancer treatment.
Effect of Dietary Amorphophallus sp From East Java on LDL-C Rats (Rattus novergicus Wistar Strain) Nunung Harijati; Sri Widyarti; Rodiyati Azrianingsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

One of indication of obesity is high LDL-C . Obesity has serious risk to health, it can cause heart disease and stroke. Effort to lower obesity using drugs have significant side effects such as insomnia, increased blood pressure, dry mouth and so forth. Therefore using natural products that contain glucomannan to reduce obesity and LDL-C is good choise. Glucomannan in the global market derived from Amorphophallus konjac. In this study, we used glucomannan from Amorphophallus endemic East Java to reduce fattened Wistar rats. Amorphophallus that used include Amorphophallus muelleri, A.variabilis (variant: Brongkos 32; Brongkos 5; Wonorejo, Brangsi) and Amorphophallus campanulatus (Var Selopuro). Amorphophallus diet was given to white rats of Wistar strain that previously fattened using a mixture of cholesterol and lard, in addition to PARS (Chicken Feed Race Super) as a basic food. Amorphophallus konjac was used as control. Measurement of LDL-C was conducted in four different time points, namely 1). Prior to dietary cholesterol, 2). 24 days after the dietary cholesterol, 3) 11 days after Amorphophallus (+cholesterol) diet, 4). 25 days after Amorphophallus (+cholesterol) diet. The results showed that the diet of A.variabilis potentially lowered blood cholesterol levels for their respective 22.98%, 5.85% and 7.37% for consecutive variant Brongkos 32; Brongkos 5; Wonorejo. Diet from A.campanulatus and A.konjac had not been able to reduce cholesterol to the end of observation (25 days).Keywords: LDL-C, A.variabilis, A.muelleri, A.campanulatus, A.konjac
CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Young-Ho Lee; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) require activation through the T cell receptor for function. CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells are believed to be key players of the immune tolerance network and control the induction and effector phase of the immune system. Although these cells require antigen-specific activation, they are generally able to suppress bystander T cell responses once activated. This raises the possibility that antigen-specific Treg may be useful therapeutically by localizing generalized suppressive activity to tissues expressing select target antigens. Treg can exert a potent suppressive effect on immune effector cells reactive to host antigens and prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Here, we observed that co-transfer of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells derived from donor type along with the donor bone marrow cells could control GVHD-like reactions by suppressing effectors cells of host responding to the donor hematopoietic compartment, and resulted in prevention of autoimmunity and rejection. We further demonstrate that CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells can control immune-based morbidity after allogeneic BMT by suppressing the development of granulocytes cells and increasing the level of B cell expression. Keywords : Bone Marrow Transplantation, Regulatory T cells, CD4+CD25+FOXP3+
Influence of Porang (Amorphophalus muelleri) Cultivation On The Composition of Soil Arthropods In Tropical Agroforestry Areas In East Java, Indonesia Amin setyo Leksono; Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Kusuma Zaenal; Akbar Farid; Fujianor Maulana
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

This research was conducted on July to October 2010 to evaluate the effect of porang cultivation on the abundance, diversity and composition of soil Arthropods. Change in the abundance, diversity and composition of soil Arthropods was observed using pitfall traps in two study sites (Jember and Madiun). In each study site, samplings were performed in porang cultivation land and non-porang area. A total of 15 traps were put in three lines at each location. The differences in the abundance and diversity were analyzed by using multivariate analyze tests. The soil Arthropod compositions in all locations were compared with Bray-Curtis similarity index. The effect of environmental factors on the arthropod compositions was analyzed using multiple regression. The result showed that the effect of porang-cultivation was not consistent in two study sites. In Madiun, the abundance of soil Arthropods in porang cultivation land was slightly higher than that in non-porang, while the diversity was significantly higer in the former location. In contrast the those in Jember was found in vice versa situation. This study indicate that the effect of porang-cultivation was not subtantial to the composition of soil Arthropods. Therefore practice non harmful porang cultivation should be promoted as a part of agroforestry sistem in both study sites.Keywords: Agroforestry, conservation, pitfall traps Soil Arthropods composition
The operation and production of the barramundi, Lates calcarifer, at the Good Fortune Bay (GFB) Barramundi Farm Australia Ludi Parwadani Aji
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is a commercially important species in Australia and Southeast Asia. Barramundi are not difficult to accept artificial diets, resistant to disease and can grow faster in warm climates. System operation in Good Fortune Bay (GFB) Barramundi Farm in Kelso can be divided into nursery and grow-out management sections. The water source for nursery and grow-out is come from ground water with semi-recirculated system was applied. Every cage in the grow-out ponds has equipment with 4-wheel paddlewheel aeration. Aeration is eminent usually at night when the dissolve oxygen (DO) level in the ponds drop. To prevent predation and disease, each cage is covered by oyster tray lid and nursery tanks are always cleaned to remove pathogens. In the nursery, pellet is given to fish and the pellet size increase depends on the fish size, whereas, fish are feed by floating pellet for grow-out fish. Moreover, farmers measure water quality like DO every morning and also take water sample for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate analysis once a month. GFB Barramundi Farm just sells their product domestically and not import to other country since the price of barramundi from South East Asia such as Indonesia and Vietnam is much cheaper even the quality is lower than Australia product. This is because the labor and production cost in Australia is higher than South East Asia. Keyword: barramundi, nursery, grow-out, farm

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