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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23382449 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.

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Articles 251 Documents

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MERCANTILSM OF KNOWLEDGE IN EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY AT MELATI SUKMA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL DENPASAR Suda, I Ketut; Bawa Atmaja, I Nengah; Ardika, I Wayan; Parimartha, I Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study discusses”Mercantilism of Knowledge in Education: a Case Study atMelati Sukma Elementary School Denpasar”. The matter observed is a shift ofeducational paradigm, from enlightenment paradigm into instrumental paradigm. Whenthe system of market economy influenced the Indonesian economic system in 1960s or inthe beginning of 1970s, which is now getting more materialistic-capitalistic, socialorganizations such as educational organizations (read: schools) have found it difficult toavoid it. This study aims at exploring why the management of Melati Sukma ElementarySchool Denpasar has implemented “mercantilism of knowledge” in education, and whythe consumers have accepted it. This study also aims at identifying the mechanism ofhow “mercantilism of knowledge” has occurred at Melati Sukma Elementary SchoolDenpasar, and its implications on the pupils, the school, the learning-teaching process,and on the community.Qualitative method was employed for conducting the research. In this context,various types of information related to why the school management has implemented themercantilism of knowledge, the mechanism of how it has occurred, and its implicationson the pupils, the school, the process of learning and teaching process in the classrooms,and the community were obtained. Firstly, problems were identified, then theories forexamining the data were selected, later the primary and secondary data were collected,next the selected data were analyzed and interpreted. Finally, the report writing and theresults of the research were constructed. The theories employed are Comodificationtheory, Hegemony theory, and Deconstruction theory.The results are as follows: firstly, those which have been responsible for themercantilism of knowledge are the fact that the teachers have been getting marginalizedfrom the process of national development, the system of market economy and theconsumptive attitude of the community including the teachers have been getting stronger.The parents’ motivation to send their children to that school has also been in included inthe first result. Secondly, the mercantilism of knowledge at Melati Sukma ElementarySchool has also been implemented through the domination, hegemony, and power of theschool management over the pupils’ parents in the forms of sales of various industrialproducts, provision for additional lessons, and other types of payments. Thirdly, themercantilism of knowledge has also resulted from the attempts made by the school management to make the school look more glorious. The learning process has not beenoriented towards the attempts made to increase the pupils’ intelligence but towards theeconomic advantages. Where the parents will send their children does not depend on thequality of education but on the prestige instead.

POLITICS OF POWER IN MARGINALIZATION OF SASAK GANDRUNG PERFORMING ART IN LOMBOK Trisnawati, Ida Ayu; Suarka, I Nyoman; Parimartha, I Gde; Sugiartha, I Gede Arya
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9, No 2 (2016): May 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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A change is occurring to the Sasak gandrung performing art performed at Dasan Tereng Village, Narmada District, West Lombok District, West Nuasa Tenggara. The development of the understanding of Islam among the Sasak ethnic people has widely affected the development of such a performing art. The marginalization of the Sasak gandrung performing art cannot be separated from the limited protection given by the government, the strengthening of the religious fundamentalism, and the decrease in the supporting community’s self-confidence. This present study is intended to identify one of the three phenomena of the marginalization of the gandrung Sasak performing art, especially the strengthening of the religious fundamentalism of the waktu lima Islam. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documents which are related to the gandrung Sasak. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the Theory of Social Practice proposed by Pierre Bourdieu. The results of the study show that the strengthening of the religious fundamentalism of waktu lima Islam caused the wetu telu Muslims to convert into waktu lima Muslims. The consequence is that the gandrung Sasak performing art, inherited from generation to generation, has gradually become marginalized. It has not been included in the list of the performing art in West Lombok Regency. The strengthening of the religious fundalism cannot be separated from the wetu telu Islamic teaching which is not in accordance with the waktu lima Islamic teaching, which is based on Al-Quran and Hadist. Such a gandrung performing art is believed to be not in accordance with Al-Quran and Hadist which are believed by the waktu lima Muslims.

IMPLEMENTATION OF FREE EDUCATION IN RELATION TO SCHOOL MANAGEMENT AT PUBLIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 5 DENPASAR Gede Putra Wijaya, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 3, November 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The present study was intended to understand and deconstruct the ideology and reality hidden in the implementation of free education especially at Public Junior High School (SMPN) 5 Denpasar. The ideology appeared from the capitalistic world where a decision was made by the government to make education free of charge. Further, such a decision was issued when the general elections for the legislators and president were about to be held in 2009. It was this which inspired the writer to deconstruct the ideology and reality hidden in the decision made by the government to make education free of charge. The approach of cultural studies was employed in the present study. The informants were chosen using snow-ball technique, meaning that the longer the informants were determined, the more were involved. The data were collected using three techniques; they were observation, in-depth interview, and documentary study. Then the data collected were descriptively and qualitatively analyzed. The result of the study showed that there was an ideology hidden in the policy made to make education free, that is, an attempt to attract people in such a way that they, through the elections for legislators and president held in 2009, would support those who were in the political superstructure. Consequently, their state of being established could be maintained. In addition, such a policy was made as part of the politics of image as an attempt to maintain the status quo.

COMMODIFICATION OF CHARACTERS IN THE BALI AGUNG PERFORMING ARTS “THE LEGEND OF BALINESE GODDESSES” Suardana, Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 4, November 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Bali Tourism has developed in recent decades. Its development is marked by increasing tourist arrivals, increasing tourist accommodations, attractions, and diverse tourist attractions. The development of tourism causes more and more performing arts that are commercial and profit oriented. One of the commercial performances is the art of touristic performances titled Bali Agung - The Legend of Balinese Goddesses that is a mythological story of Jayapangus marriage with Kang Cing Wei. This research uses qualitative method. The data were collected by observation techniques, interviews, and document studies. The analysis uses commodification theory. The results of this study indicate that the art of Bali Agung performances is the result of commodification seen in the production, distribution, and consumption. In the production process there are modifications to three main characters, namely Jayapangus, Kang Cing Wei, and Dewi Danu from sacred to profane. In the process of the performing there are negotiable ideas between Balinese and Western artists.

RESISTANCE OF FISHERMEN AND TOURIST PRACTITIONERS TO DEVELOPMENT OF CRAB, GROINT, AND WALK WAY ALONG BEACHES LOCATED IN SANUR AREA, DENPASAR, BALI Winia, I Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 4, November 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study is to comprehend the resistance of fisherman community and tourism practitioner in the development of crab, groint, and walk way system in Sanur beach region, Denpasar, Bali. This research concerns on the real field with an emphirical character approach which relates to the resistance of fisherman community and tourism practitioner that is still highly bubling. Lately, there has been an abrasion from the sea water which resulting to the damage of the coastal line structure. Results of the research indicated that: (1). The resistance of fisherman community and tourism practitioner in the development of crab, groint, and walk way system in Sanur beach has been meant as the occurrence of the conflict of interests between investors where the fisherman community and tourism practitioner are sacrified. (2). The causing factors of the resistance of fisherman community and tourism practitioner are due to the command for farm depletion in Sanur beach region by local government authority was without having a good socialization; the development of the tourism accommodation facilities by the investors exploited the farm of fisherman community and tourism practitioner; and also the loss occurred on the community members from the lateral impact incurred by the development of the crab, groint, and walk way system in Sanur beach region. (3). This community resistance has impacted the physical environment, social life, culture, and economy as well as the felt meaning in: the prosperity meaning, religion, politics and community psychology.

ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE NAMES AND THE TASTES OF FOODS IN SONGKHLA PROVINCE, THAILAND Angsuviriya, Angsuviriya; Chanokporn, Chanokporn
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 12, Number 1, February 2019
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

The objective of this article is to study the attitudes of different age and ethnic groups reflected through the names and the taste of food, that is the southern Thais have a positive attitude towards more tasteful or the taste of hot than the other ethnic groups while the Chinese Thais they have a more positive attitude towards insipid taste than the other ethnic groups. For the Malaysian Thais they have a more positive attitude towards the taste of sweet than the other two ethnic groups. As for main course dish, the most popular main course dishes in all the 3 groups are “Kangsom” (sour soup made of tamarind paste) and “KangTaipla” or “KangPhungpla”. As for dessert, the most favorite desserts in all the 3 groups are “Klauybuatchee” or Klauybuat (banana in coconut milk) and “Lotchong” or “Singaporean Lotchong”. In addition, it is found that the Chinese Thais and the southern Thais have a negative attitude towards beef, eels, buffalo meat etc, while the Malaysian Thais have a negative attitude towards pork because they are Muslim. When age groups have been taken into account, age group 1 (15-25) does not like spicy foods, compared with the other age group. While age group 2 (35-45) has similarities in the food names of those in age group 1 and age group 3; therefore, there are more food names in age group 2 than those in the other groups. In addition, for age group 3 (55 or more) more local names of foods are found. Keywords: Attitudes, the names and the tastes of foods, the ethnic

SOCIAL PRACTICE PERFORMED BY BALINESE SCULPTORS IN DISTRICTS OF UBUD AND SUKAWATI TO PRY INTO THE LAW OF PHORNOGRAPHY Sudita, I Ketut
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 1, May 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Balinese sculptors in districts of Ubud and Sukawati, Gianyar, Bali pry into the Law of Pornography. Those who agree state that the law is needed to maintain the morality which has been getting worse, and those who disagree state that it may emasculate their freedom and creativities. This study gives answers to (1) what social practices were performed by the Balinese sculptors to pry into the Law of Pornography?, (2) why did they pry into the application of the law?, and (3) what was the meaning of their prying? Several relevant critical theories such as the theory of structuration, the theory of hegemony, and the theory of aesthetics were eclectically used in this study. The data needed were collected through observation, in-depth interview, documentation study, and library research. The result of the study showed that the Balinese sculptors showed their resistance to the application of the law by making adaptation, changing profession, and still producing pornographic works. The sanction which might be imposed upon them, the consumers of pornographic works decreased, and they were eliminated from exhibitions scared them when they pried into the law. What they did could not be separated from economic, political, ideological, moral, and ethic factors. The meaning of their prying was that it caused them to lose their idealism, their consumers went down, and the number of pornographic works dropped as well.

DECONSTRUCTING EMPOWERMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AT GIANYAR SENANG HATI FOUNDATION, BALI Wahyuni, Anak Agung Nyoman Sri; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Kumbara, Anak Agung Ngurah Anom
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 2, May 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Globalization extraordinarily affects the Senang Hati Foundation. The roles played by the agents of empowerment such as the Non-government OrganizationS and government are enormous. The government should pay attention to every citizen, including those with disabilities as they also need justness, as stated in the Five Principles ‘Pancasila’ and the 1945 Constitution and the Act Number 4 of 1997 concerning people with disabilities, which was then changed into the Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2016 concerning people with disabilities. This present study is intended to identify the empowerment of the people with disabilities at the Gianyar Senang Hati Foundation, Bali. The qualitative method is used. The data were taken from the primary data source and secondary data source. The data were obtained through observation, in-depth interview, and library research. The theory of hegemony, the theory of deconstruction, and the theory of social practice are used in the present study. The result of the study shows as follows. First, the Foundation has four programs which are implemented to empower people with disabilities. They are social program, educational program, health program, and economic program. Second, the obstacles the Foundation faces can be divided into two. They are the internal obstacle and external obstacle. Third, the obstacle affects the existence of the Foundation, its management, its members, the government, donators and society. The finding of the study is that the Foundation has not been able to empower all of its members yet. In addition, the agents of the empowerment of people with disabilities have different interests.

SPATIAL ALTERATION AT UBUD TRADITIONAL VILLAGE, GIANYAR, BALI IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA: A CULTURAL STUDY Artha Ardhana Sukawati, Tjokorda Oka; -, Sulistyawati; Parimartha, I Gde; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 1 Januari 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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In the era of globalization much spatial alteration has taken place at Ubud TraditionalVillage, Gianyar Regency, Bali as the consequence of fast development of tourism. The aspectswhich have changed, as the result of the shift from agricultural culture to tourism culture since1970, include the spatial relationship between man and God (parhyangan), the spatial relationshipbetween man and his environment (palemahan), and the spatial relationship between man and hisfellow being or the three things which cause physical and spiritual prosperity among human beings.This research in cultural studies was conducted to reveal the spatial alteration which hadtaken place at Ubud Traditional Market in the globalization era especially since 1970 as theconsequence of the fast development in tourism. The data were analyzed by applying qualitativeanalysis technique, eclecticism of the theory of change, the theory of space, the theory ofhegemony, and critical and practical theories. The research was conducted by employing qualitativemethod which features cultural studies.The results of the research show that the increase in population and in what is needed bytourism has led to the spatial alteration in parhyangan in the village and home levels. The spatialalteration in pawongan as a unity of membership (krama) does not take place and the spatialalternation in families does not either. This indicates that Ubud Traditional Village is getting morecomplex in facing modern and global condition with its commercial culture. Its tradition,agricultural culture and nature have contributed to the development of tourism. In regard topalemahan, catus patha has not been the only center of orientation any more. The settlement of thepopulation has followed the development of tourist facilities. Tourism has also altered the landusefulness causing zero-settlement based on groups of banjar (neighborhood under a traditionalvillage) to be irrelevant. In regard to the patterns of space occupied by families, the walls built toseparate one family from another have been demolished; the buildings (bale) have beenrehabilitated, teba (the unoccupied part of a compound where animals raised for sale are usuallykept and rubbish are usually gathered) has been exploited. The change in people’s behavior frombeing non commercial into commercial has blurred the layout and function of the buildings built inthe zones of madya (immediate level) and nista (lower level).

SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPLICATION OF BALINESE WOMEN WORKING ON CRUISE SHIP Oka, I Made Darma; Antara, Made; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 4 (2015): Volume 8, Number 4, November 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The Balinese people tend to work on the cruise ship. In the last four years, the number of the Balinese women who work on the cruise ship has increased significantly, namely, by 33,84%. This present study is intended to analyze the socio-cultural implication of the Balinese women who work on the cruise ship as part of the tourism industry. Qualitative data are used in the present study. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The result of the study shows that the Balinese people were proud of being employed on the cruise ship as they had the opportunity to see the other countries which they had never dreamed of visiting. The socio-cultural life of the countries they had visited was unique and was completely different from the Balinese socio-cultural system. The socio-cultural life of the Balinese women who were employed on the cruise ship can be divided into; (a) the social implication; being employed on the cruise ship enabled them to improve the social status of themselves and their families, and (b) the cultural implication; being employed on the cruise ship enabled them to understand and conserve their culture. They acknowledged that their strong cultural tradition could impede them from being employed on the cruise ship. The paternal traditional life which is attached to the Balinese people and benefits the Balinese people sometimes cause the Balinese people to hesitate to be employed on the cruise ship.

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