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INDONESIA
IDJP (Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics)
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25978748     DOI : -
Core Subject :
The Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics (IdJP) is an established international journal for pharmaceutical scientists concerned in all fields of pharmaceutical sciences, including pharmaceutical preformulation, formulation, manufacturing technologies, drug delivery systems, biopharmaceutics, and pharmacokinetics for drugs, vaccines and biologicals. IdJP also includes pharmaceutical engineering and industrial pharmacy topics.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 60 Documents
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Phase Transitions Among of Valsartan Polymorphs due to Grinding and Humidity Variations Yoga Windhu Wardhana; Risanteni Riskasari; Fikri Alatas
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 3, Issue 2, May - August, 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v3i2.35312

Abstract

Phase transition between drugs with polymorphisms needs attention due to unconscious changes in quality. Valsartan (VAL) is a drug model with polymorphic events to be studied here. Two polymorphic forms were obtained from recrystallization with various organic solvents such as acetonitrile and n-butyl acetate.  With untreated materials (from the market) were used as a comparison in this study. The phase transition of each polymorph was studied through grinding and humidity variations (RH 75% and 98%) treatment. The polymorph characterization was observed by microscope light polarization (PLM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Powdered X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD). The transition among polymorphic VAL was monitored by PXRD. There were significant differences in morphology, IR spectra, and diffractograms pattern. Found that the untreated VAL was amorphous, whereas the others were in high crystallinity. The polymorph form from n-butyl acetate was a metastable one that transformed easier into stable crystalline (from acetonitrile) than another polymorph.Keywords : Valsartan, Phase transition, Polymorphism, Recrystallization    
Indonesian Halal Pharmaceutical: Challenges And Market Opportunities Yedi Herdiana; Taofik Rusdiana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 3, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v3i3.37660

Abstract

The halal food market has grown worldwide, including the shift from food to other products, including halal pharmaceuticals (HPC).  The growth followed by the abundance of literature has been on halal, especially pharmaceuticals. Muslim consumers need halal certification (HCT) on medicines to ensure that they do not consume or use products or services that are not halal. The government must guarantee to Muslim consumers that consumer goods or services circulating in the community are truly halal. The halal label itself will increase consumer confidence, expand the reach of the global halal food market, and increase the marketability of products in the market. Indonesia, which is predominantly Muslim, is considered a long extension in implementing HP until 2034. Different attitudes are shown by several countries with large non-Muslim majority populations but are very concerned about the implementation of HPC. The accelerated growth of knowledge of halalness, impact social media, will push the industry to implement HPC. In this review, we will discuss critical players in implementing HPC, including the ingredients that have been widely used but still doubt their halalness and what they are used for in the pharmaceutical industry. This knowledge is essential for industry and researchers to build safer alternative materials.Keywords: Halal, Indonesia,  Muslim, Halal Pharmaceutical, Halal Certification. 
Development of a quantitative method for sunitinib N-oxide Yuya Ishikawa; Takuya Araki; Miki Takenaka Sato; Hideaki Yashima; Daisuke Nagano; Koujirou Yamamoto
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 3, Issue 2, May - August, 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v3i2.37368

Abstract

We developed a simple method for quantifying sunitinib N-oxide (SNO) in human serum using a supported liquid extraction (SLE) method and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess the impact of SNO on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by sunitinib. SNO was extracted using an SLE method and analyzed using an Xevo-TQ (Waters) LC-MS/MS system. SNO and voriconazole (internal standard; ISTD) were detected in ESI positive mode, with transitions at 415.4/326.3 for SNO and 350.1/281.1 for voriconazole. The retention times of SNO and voriconazole were 2.25 and 2.67 min, respectively, and good calibration curve was obtained from 0.1–5.0 ng/mL for SNO. The regression equation (weight = 1/x2) describing the calibration curve in human serum was y = 2.81 × 10-9 x2 + 0.000253 x – 0.00202 (R2 = 0.990), where y is the peak area ratio of SNO against the ISTD and x is the nominal concentration of SNO. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy varied between -2.4 and 15.6% and all data except the limit of quantification (LOQ) were within ±10%. The precision varied between 6.7–15.4% and all data except LOQ were under 15%. The mean recovery ratio of SNO was 90.3 ± 4.9%, and the mean matrix factor was 0.96 ± 0.031. This is the first report of a method to quantify SNO in blood. This method will help in elucidating the effects of SNO in humans, contribute to the elucidation of the ADRs expression factors associated with sunitinib, and aid in optimizing treatment with sunitinib.
Preparation of organic-solvent free liposome of Piper albi Linn extract in solution and powder form Eri Amalia; Iyan Sopyan; Norisca Aliza Putriana; Sriwidodo Sriwidodo; Anas Subarnas
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 3, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v3i3.38335

Abstract

Piperine is bioactive alkaloid extracted from white pepper (Piper albi Linn) with several beneficial pharmacological activities. It is also known to enhance the bioavailability of several limited solubilities of other compounds such as curcumin and resveratrol. Nevertheless, due to its poorly water-soluble character, piperine and extract of white pepper are less applied among other plant extracts. Therefore, our research focussed on the engineering of white pepper extract standardized to piperine in liposome solution and liposome powder for further preparation of various pharmaceutical dosage forms.Our research in preparation of extracted white pepper in liposome delivery system successfully prepared spheric liposome solution with 98.92%±1.17% and an average size of 398.7 nm. The liposome was also successfully prepared in dry powder form with sucrose as a carrier for liposome protection. The rehydration is successfully forming a spheric shape with a similar profile to the initial liposome solution. This research paves the way for scalable white pepper extract liposome preparation without the utilization of toxic organic solvent, to produce the commercial solvent-free product in the future.Keywords: Piperine, Piper albi Linn, liposome, extract, organic solvent-free, drug delivery system, spray dry 
Ophthalmic release of in situ gel Ciprofloxacin HCl based on combination of Hypromellose and HPC Yoga Windhu Wardhana; Wieke Budiati; Rizky Dwi Oktavia; Kalista Tritama Widyanti; Insan Sunan Kurniawansyah; Yedi Herdiana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 3, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v3i3.36140

Abstract

The development for ophthalmic delivery was purposed to achieve optimum drug loading for ocular therapeutic benefits. An adequate dose of the drug is needed to absorb in the conjunctival sac to take effect. In situ gel preparation was expected to provide these needs with the polymer aid that makes the droplets suddenly coagulate in the eye area to maintain the drug dose. The in situ gel dosage form is desired to overcome the poor bioavailability of conventional ciprofloxacin HCl eye drops on the market. Thus, this work was studied using two cellulose polymers such as hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HMPC) as a gelling forming agent.  The effect of the in situ ophthalmic quality of the gel due to the two individual polymers separately and their combined use was investigated. The in situ gel quality includes the ability of gel-forming under the influence of varying temperature and stirring frequency difference (as a rheological study) was tested together with the drug release model model. Other ophthalmic preparation quality parameters such as clarity, pH measurement, drug content determination, sterility, and antibacterial activity have been evaluated. However, overall in situ gel formulation developed was of better quality compared to the conventional one. Consideration of the choice of cellulose derivative polymer type is seen to affect the quality of controlled release kinetics models.Keywords: Ophthalmic gel, Ciprofloxacin HCl, HPMC, HPC, Drug release kinetics 
Review: Methods for Enhancing Solubility of Carvedilol Iyan Sopyan; Rania Talinta L; Nurdiani Adiningsih; Norisca Aliza Putriana; Sandra Megantara2 Megantara
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 1, Jan - April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i1.39321

Abstract

The oral route of administration is the most frequently used route of drug administration and is generally the most convenient for patients. For an oral drug to be effective, a therapeutic concentration in the blood must be achieved. Solubility in water and permeability of active pharmaceutical ingredients are often used as the main conditions for rapid and complete absorption and high bioavailability. Carvedilol is beta blockers that works as an antihypertensive drug and included in biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II with high permeability but low solubility. Due to this, the goal of this review is to go through a few different methods for increasing solubility of carvedilol. dissolution, and bioavailability. Various solubility enhancement techniques have been applied to carvedilol, including co-crystallization, liquidsolid technique, cyclodextrin inclusion complex, nanoparticles, hydrotrophy, nanosuspension, solid dispersion, nanoemulsion, and dendrimers. These techniques have been shown to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of carvedilol thereby increasing its bioavailability.Keyword: carvedilol, solubility enhancement, BCS class II
Review: Implementation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Based on Lean Manufacturing Tools in the Indonesian Pharmaceutical Industry Prilly Mutiara Sandy; Nasrul Wathoni
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 1, Jan - April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i1.38707

Abstract

Increasing production in the industry is important to face the current global competition. Therefore, a performance measurement system is needed for the manufacturing process. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a method for monitoring and improving the efficiency of manufacturing processes. In this article, overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is described as one of the performance measurement tools that measure different types of production losses and shows areas of process improvement. The analysis is done on how OEE evolved leads to other tools such as the performance of the total equipment effectiveness, such as the effectiveness of production equipment, the effectiveness of the overall plant, and the effectiveness of the asset as a whole. OEE consist of three metric measurement; availability, performance, and quality. Purpose of review articles is to apply these metrics to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of production activity in pharmaceutical industry and to categorize the highly occurence of loss productivity in the production activity that takes place in industry, especially pharmaceutical industry. This review included studies published in ScienceDirect database with the keyword “Lean Manufacturing” and “Overall Equipment Effectiveness”. The results obtained from study of the primary source is the OEE can be used to optimize the production process in the industry, especially the pharmaceutical industry, because this method can produce products efficiently and with the good quality of products that leads to consumer’s satisfactory.
Effect Of The Stopping Stripping Production Line To OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) Of The Stripping Machine On The Primary Packaging Processes In The Pharmaceutical Industry Kelvin Fernando Pratama; Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 1, Jan - April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i1.39062

Abstract

Increased production output is the main priority in the pharmaceutical industry. Productivity of primary packaging process which plays an important role in producing output can be improved and maintained by conducting regular OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) analysis of the machinery and processes. OEE is a calculation method that is carried out thoroughly to identify the level of productivity and performance of machines or equipment. The OEE consists of three main measurements, namely availability, performance, and quality. In this study, line stop activities were observed during the primary packaging process that affected the OEE value of stripping machines in one of the pharmaceutical industries in the city of Jakarta. Research is carried out by observing, recording, and processing data related to primary packaging processes such as line stops and the number of products produced. Based on our study, we found that most of the line stops in the primary packaging process are caused by the changing of the polycellonium of the primary packaging material. Thus, we conclude that reducing changing of the polycellonium time from 10 minutes to 5 minutes will be beneficial to increase the operating time by 8% and increase the OEE value by 5%.Keywords: Primary Packaging Process, Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE),  Stripping Machine, Net Operating Time
Utilization of 1-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole in development of pH-sensitive nanocarrier for anticancer drug delivery Patihul Husni Husni; Norisca Aliza Putriana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 1, Jan - April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i1.40691

Abstract

pH-sensitive nanocarriers have demonstrated as successful drug carriers due to the higher drug accumulation at the tumor site by pH dependent release at acidic tumor microenvironment. Imidazole can be utilized to obtain the pH-sensitive nanocarriers. One of imidazole-based compounds used by researchers in development of pH-responsive carriers is 1-(3-Aminopropyl)-imidazole. This review is focused on utilization of 1-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole to develop pH-sensitive nanocarrier especially for delivery of anticancer drug. In addition, this review also shows research performed by researchers to develop pH-sensitive nanocarrier for anticancer drug delivery using 1-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole to prepare imidazole-based pH-sensitive nanocarriers. The data were collected from published journals with 15 and 20 journals as primary and supporting literatures, respectively. Properties of imidazole groups to deprotonate at pH 7.4 and protonate at pH ≤ 6.5 implies that the drug release was pH-dependent, leading to limited release of drug from carriers under physiological pH conditions and diminishing the drug’s effect in blood circulation before reaching the tumor site, resulting in more effective anticancer activity.
Formulation and Evaluation Of Black Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) Lozenges As An Antioxidant Supplement Norisca Aliza Putriana; Efri Mardawati; Yoga Windu Wardhana; Ismiatun Ismiatun; Anting Wulandari; Dwi Wahyudha Wira; Nanang Masruchin
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 1, Jan - April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i1.40477

Abstract

Free radicals are species of reactive chemical compounds that can cause degenerative diseases. Antioxidants work to deactivate free radicals by binding to these radicals to stabilize the radicals. One of the plants that contain antioxidants is black garlic. This study aimed to obtain the best formula from the preparation of lozenges of black garlic extract using the wet granulation method as an antioxidant supplement. The formula optimization was carried out using a statistical approach with a two-level factorial method using expert design software. The lozenges formula was made using wet granulation method. The granules and tablets were evaluated for its characteristic. Besides, the levels of polyphenols and antioxidant activity of the extracts and lozenges were also determined. The best formula is F2 obtained from a ratio of gum arabic and starch pregelatin of 3: 5 with a desirability value of 0.922. The Evaluation of black garlic extract granules is eligible, including the moisture content of 2.04%, an excellent flow rate is 18.3 g/s, and good compressibility of 9%. The uniformity of lozenge weight obtained is eligible, which is 3%. The hardness and disintegration time of  9.1 kg and 11.28 minutes, respectively. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of the extract and lozenges was 263 µg/mL and 323.9 µg/mL, respectively. The best formula obtained is with 3% gum arabic and 5% starch pregelatin.Keywords: Antioxidant, Black Garlic, Design expert, Lozenges 

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