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Antibacterial activity of dialkyl-aginate biosurfactant cream againts Staphylococcus aureus an Pseudomonas aerugynosa Kintoko, Kintoko; Sugihartini, Nining; Rukaya, Benazir Evita
Pharmaciana Vol 8, No 2 (2018): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Dialkyl-alginate biosurfactant is an amphifilik rhamnolipid biosurfactant that has the potential to be developed into an antibacterial agent. The purpose of this study was to prove that the biosurfactant of dialkyl alginate both before and after creams has antibacterial activity especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Test of antibacterial activity of biosurfactant dialkyl alginate at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 20% to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Hammond, et al (2011) modified quantitative method. EnbaticÂ® 1% is used as a positive control and sterile aquadest as a negative control. Determination of antibacterial activity of dialkyl alginate biosurfactant followed by analysis of leakage of protein and nucleic acids using UV-vis Spectrophotometry and leakage of Ca2 + and K + metal ions using Atomic Absorption Spetrophotometry (AAS). The most active concentration was formulated into cream and then performed physical evaluation (organoleptic, pH, adhesion, spreading and viscosity) and tested antibacterial activity using the well method. The test results showed that the biosurfactants of dialkyl-alginate before and after the cream was treated as antibacterial activity. The concentration of 10% was the most active concentration having activity which did not differ significantly to positive control with p value of 0,05

Antibacterial activity of dialkyl-aginate biosurfactant cream againts Staphylococcus aureus an Pseudomonas aerugynosa Kintoko Kintoko; Nining Sugihartini; Benazir Evita Rukaya
Pharmaciana Vol 8, No 2 (2018): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Dialkyl-alginate biosurfactant is an amphifilik rhamnolipid biosurfactant that has the potential to be developed into an antibacterial agent. The purpose of this study was to prove that the biosurfactant of dialkyl alginate both before and after creams has antibacterial activity especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Test of antibacterial activity of biosurfactant dialkyl alginate at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 20% to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Hammond, et al (2011) modified quantitative method. EnbaticÂ® 1% is used as a positive control and sterile aquadest as a negative control. Determination of antibacterial activity of dialkyl alginate biosurfactant followed by analysis of leakage of protein and nucleic acids using UV-vis Spectrophotometry and leakage of Ca2 + and K + metal ions using Atomic Absorption Spetrophotometry (AAS). The most active concentration was formulated into cream and then performed physical evaluation (organoleptic, pH, adhesion, spreading and viscosity) and tested antibacterial activity using the well method. The test results showed that the biosurfactants of dialkyl-alginate before and after the cream was treated as antibacterial activity. The concentration of 10% was the most active concentration having activity which did not differ significantly to positive control with p value of 0,05

Leakage Induced in Eschericia coli Cells by Secondary Metabolites of the J7 Bacterial Isolates from the Rhizosphere of Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum Dianita Febrina Leswara; Nanik Sulistyani; Kintoko Kintoko
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Isolate J7 is a bacterial strain separated from the rhizosphere of Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum that potentially produces antibacterial compounds against Escherichia coli. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the most active fraction of this isolate from its capacity to induce leakage in E. coli cells. The secondary metabolites were extracted from Isolate J7 using ethyl acetate solvent and then fractionated with different ratios of hexane and ethyl acetate solventsâ€•1:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:1 (v/v), ethyl acetate and methanol with 1:1 (v/v) ratio, and methanol 100%. Fractions were identified based on the spotting on the Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) plate. Only the most active fraction was tested to define its ability to cause leakage of cellular components like nucleic acid and protein. The leakage was scanned with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 260 and 280 nm. The results showed that F2 was the fraction that prevented the growth of E. coli most actively because it created a zone of inhibition sized 11.58Â±0.95 mm in diameter with the lowest MIC among the other fractions (10%). Also, based on the spectrophotometric analysis, the addition of F2 at concentrations of 10% and 20% resulted in higher levels of protein, DNA, and RNA than the negative control. In conclusion, F2 can cause plasma membrane leakage in E. coli at a concentration of 10%. Another fraction that exhibited antibacterial activity was F3. In the spotting analysis of the TLC plate, F3 appeared to have a spot profile and Rf that were similar to F2 but considerably different from the inactive fractions (i.e., showing no antibacterial activity). Observed with multiple wavelengths, the Rf values of F2 and F3 spots varied between 0.56-0.57 and 0.61-0.62 (254 nm) and 0.47-0.48 and 0.56-0.57 (366 nm), respectively. Because these spot profiles did not appear in the inactive fractions, compounds with this range of Rf values are, thereby, suspected as the active substances that inhibit the growth of E. coli.

Effect of Spirulina platensis suspension on quality and quantity of sperm and expression of caspase-3 of testis in diabetic wistar rats induced by streptozotocin Ayu Shabrina; Kintoko Kintoko; Sapto Yuliani; Adhi Gunawan
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes is metabolic disorders caused by oxidative stress that has always been linked to male reproductive dysfunction. Spirulina platensis has been used for therapeutic supplements for diabetes and repairing reproduction organs based on its antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Spirulina platensis suspension (SP) on quality and quantity of sperm also the expression of caspase-3 on testis in male Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). This study used 30 adult male Wistar rats that divided into 6 groups of K1 (normal), K2 (single injection of STZ 45 mg/kg BW), K3 (normal rats treated with SP 36/kg BW/day) and treatment group K4, K5 and K6 were diabetic rats given with SP 36 mg/kgBW, 72 mg/kgBW and 144 mg/kg BW. The treatment was given orally for 28 days. Blood glucose level levels were measured using the biochemical analyzer. Quality and quantity of sperm were analyzed using Neubauer slide under the microscope. Apoptosis of Leydig cells was detected by immunohistochemical staining using Caspase-3 polyclonal antibodies. The result showed that there were significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) in final blood glucose level, quality, and quantity of spermatozoa and expression of caspase-3. Our findings clearly highlight the role of Spirulina platensis as an antidiabetes and protective agent for reproducton organs of STZ-induced in diabetic male Wistar rats that improves quality and quantity of sperm cells and reproductive organs.

Effect of Diabetes Condition on Topical Treatment of Binahong Leaf Fraction in Wound Healing Process Kintoko Kintoko; Hanifah Karimatulhajj; Trie Yuni Elfasyari; Ersi Arviana Ihsan; Teguh Adiyas Putra; Puspawan Hariadi; Citra Ariani; Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 22, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which is becoming the first number of health problem in Indonesia, based on the results of the Basic Health Research of Ministry of Health in 2013. One of the diabetes complications affected by high levels of blood glucose is diabetic ulcers wich 85% the number of cases was overed by amputation as the result of improper handling. Herbal treatments could be an alternative treatment of diabetic ulcers, one of them is binahong plant. The results of previous studies have shown the ability of ethanolic extract of binahong leaf in accelerating wound healing in diabetic rats. This study would be a continued study to test five kinds of binahong leaf fractions (FDB) with gradual solvent polarity in accelerating wound healing in diabetic ulcer. Wound healing parameters observed were percentage of wound healing from the wound diameter contraction. The test begins with ethanolic extract of binahong leaf fractionation to produce fractions of hexane (FHDB), chloroform (FKDB), ethyl acetate (FEADB), and ethanol (FEDB). Water fraction (FADB) was obtained from ethanolic leaf extract residues of binahong leaf extraction. Each fraction activity was tested topically twice daily on dorsal of test animals that created wounds using a punch biopsy 5 mm diameters. Grouping of test animals were divided into 13 groups with normal control group (non diabetes), negative control (diabetes + topical application of biocream®), positive control (diabetes + topical application of madecassol), and 10 diabetes groups with topical application of 5 kinds of binahong leaf fractions with each fractions consist of a concentrations of 5% and 10% with biocream® as a vehicle. Diabetic parameters measured include blood glucose levels (KGD) and weight lost percentage (PB%) in day 1 and 10 during a 10-day treatment. The results showed the influence of KGD in the condition of diabetes on wound healing rats diabetic ulcers which topically treated with binahong leaf fractions. FADB 10% has significant differences potention in wound healing process in diabetic rats macroscopically that accelerates wound contraction compared with negative and positive control groups (p<0,05).

Optimization of Water Fraction Gel Formula of Binahong Leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steen) With Gelling Agent of Sodium Alginate and Carboxymethyl Chitosan Combination Citra Ariani Edityaningrum; Kintoko Kintoko; Feby Zulien; Lina Widiyastuti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 23, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Water fraction of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steen) leaf has been proven to heal ulcus diabetic. In order to make the use easier and more practical, in this study the water fraction of binahong leaves is formulated in gel preparation form. This study was conducted to obtain a comparison of the amount of sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan as gelling agent to produce gel that meets the good physical requirements. The method used to determine the amount of comparison of sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan is to use Simplex Lattice Design (SLD). Eight variations of gel formula are designed with the ratio of sodium alginate: carboxymethyl chitosan as follows: F1 (0:3% w/w), F2 (0:3% w/w), F3 (0.75:2.25% w/w), F4 (1.5:1.5 % w/w), F5 (1.5:1.5% w/w), F6 (2.25:0.75% w/w), F7 (3:0% w/w), F8 (3:0% w/w). Physical parameters observed included pH, viscosity, dispersion, and adherence. Data obtained compared with the actual conducted by researchers using one sample test t-test with 95% confidence level. Based on the results of the study, increased sodium alginate concentration can increase viscosity and adhesiveness and decrease the pH and spreadability of the gel. One sample t-test analysis shows that there is no significant difference between predicted parameter value and actual result so SLD equation can be used to construct gel formula of water fraction of binahong leaf. The conclusion is a combination of sodium alginate 1.546% w/w and carboxymethyl chitosan 1.454% w/w yield gel optimum. Physical parameter response of optimum formula is pH 5.86; viscosity 2000 cps; spreadability of 21,96 cm2; and adhesiveness of 19,81 seconds.

PEMBERDAYAAN REMAJA DESA WUKIRSARI DI KABUPATEN BANTUL SEBAGAI AGENT OF CHANGE MELALUI PROMOSI KESEHATAN MINUMAN LOKAL WEDANG UWUH Khoiriyah Isni; Septian Emma Dwi Jatmika; Kintoko Kintoko
JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 24, No 2 (2018): APRIL - JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkm.v24i2.10370

AbstrakDesa Wukirsari di Kabupaten Bantul merupakan daerah penghasil wedang uwuh. Wedang uwuh dikenal sebagai minuman lokal yang berkhasiat untuk kesehatan. Hampir seluruh masyarakat di Desa Wukirsari berprofesi sebagai pengrajin wedang uwuh. Namun demikian, potensi ini kurang disadari oleh masyarakat, sehingga nilai jual masih sangat rendah. Guna meningkatkan nilai jual, diperlukan suatu inovasi dengan memanfaatkan salah satu potensi yang ada yaitu remaja sebagai agent of change dan promotor kesehatan. Remaja dengan keterampilan hidup yang tinggi, misalnya keterampilan presentasi dan konseling sebaya dapat menjadi solusi terhadap peningkatan nilai jual produk wedang uwuh. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemberdayaan ini yaitu pendidikan masyarakat atau penyuluhan, pelatihan atau praktik, dan simulasi. Tujuannya adalah remaja memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilanyang memadai. Output kegiatan ini yaitu remaja memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan terkait presentasi dan konseling sebaya, serta diseminasi kegiatan berupa produk publikasi dan modul pelatihan. Secara umum, kegiatan pemberdayaan ini diterima oleh remaja, efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan remaja sebagai agent of change promotor kesehatan berupa teknik presentasi dan konseling sebaya, evaluasi proses menunjukkan hasil yang bagus terhadap kegiatan pemberdayaan ini. Harapannya kegiatan ini dapat dilanjutkan pada tingkat forum organisasi karang taruna, sehingga keterampilan hidup dimiliki oleh seluruh remaja di Desa Wukirsari Kabupaten Bantul.Kata kunci : Wedang Uwuh, Promotor Kesehatan, Wukirsari, Bantul AbstractWukirsari Village in Bantul Regency is a producer of wedang uwuh. Wedang uwuh known as a local beverage that is beneficial for health. Almost all people in Wukirsari village work as wedang uwuh craftsmen. However, this potential is less realized by the community, so the selling price is still very low. In order to increase the selling value, an innovation is needed by utilizing one of the existing potential of adolescents as agent of change and health promoter. Adolescents with high life skills, such as presentation skills and peer counseling can be a solution to increasing the value of selling products wedang uwuh. The methods was used in this empowerment are community education or counseling, training or practice, and simulation. The goal is that adolescents have adequate knowledge and skills. The output of this activity is teenagers have knowledge and skills related to peer presentation and counseling, and dissemination activities in the form of publication products and training modules. In general, these empowerment activities are accepted by adolescents, effectively increasing the knowledge and skills of adolescents as agents of change health promoters in the form of peer presentation and counseling techniques, process evaluation shows good results on these empowerment activities. Hopefully this activity can be continued at the forum level of youth organization, so that life skills are owned by all teenagers in Wukirsari Village, Bantul Regency.Keywords : Wedang Uwuh, Health Promotor, Wukirsari, Bantul

Emulgel Formulation of Purified Extract of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Leaf Tutik Wuryandari; Nining Sugihartini; Kintoko Kintoko
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55 No. 1 (2019): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Moringa oleifera, known as moringa, is reported to have a high source of natural antioxidants, especially vitamin E. The formulation of purified Moringa leaf extract is needed so that the vitamin E content in it is more maximal. This study aimed to determine the levels of vitamin E in extracts after purification, physical property test of emulgel with variations in extract concentration and vitamin E levels in emulsions. The study was started from the extraction using maceration method with petroleum ether solvent, followed by extract purification using column chromatography with n-hexane solvent. The results of the purified extract were then formulated into emulgel with three concentrations of 3% (F1), 6% (F2) and 9% (F3). Emulgel was then evaluated for physical characteristics (pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion and stability). Determination of vitamin E levels was carried out on purified extract samples and on each formula. The results of non-specific standardization of extracts included ash content, acidic insoluble ash content were higher than those of Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia literature and drying losses were lower compared to literature. Specific standardization of extracts was the content of vitamin E in 1.40% PE extract and 8.02% purified extract. In the test of emulgel physical characteristics, an increase in the concentration of the extract caused an increase in viscosity and decreased emulgel dispersion power. Whereas, tthe pH and sticky power remained the same. Storage hds an effect on decreasing the physical characteristics of emulsions especially on adhesion. Increased extracts also caused an increase in the levels of vitamin E in the purified extract of moringa leaf emulgel.

Efek Anti Diabetes Spirulina Platensis Terhadap Analisis Kadar, Gambaran Histopatologi, Ekspresi Insulin dan Glucose Transpoter 4 Pada Tikus Putih Wistar yang Diinduksi Streptozopin Kintoko Kintoko; Rifqi Ferry Balfas; Nura Ustrina; Sitarina Widyarini; Lintang Cahya Saputri; Anandita Nurwijayanti; Fajar Slamet Riana; Neni Tri Anggraini
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 16 No 2 (2018): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Based on Basic Health Research, in Yogyakarta the incidence of diabetes mellitus based on doctor's diagnosis is 2.6% and symptoms will increase with age, but will decrease from age> 65 years. In the treatment of diabetes mellitus there are several treatments with synthetic drugs and natural ingredients for natural ingredients such as Spirulina platensis. Spirulina platensis is one of the microalgae that contains the natural spectrum of carotene and xantophyll pigment mixtures, and with fikocyanin has antioxidant activity, and Spirulina platensis can show a decrease in blood sugar. The type of research conducted is an experimental study. Spirulina platensis is made with several doses of 36 mg, 72 mg, and 144 mg. Rats were divided into 6 groups, 5 groups of streptozotosin induced at a dose of 45 mg / kgBW until the mice had DM were characterized by high KGD yield, then given spirulina suspension, measured in sugar levels on days 0-28. After that the mice in the blood and then analyzed the effect of Spirulina platensis on creatinine and urea in blood. The results were analyzed using SPSS ANOVA and Post Hoc Test methods with 95% confidence level. The results of the analysis of levels in various groups showed that in the induction of streptozotocin treated with spirulina plantesis various doses there was improvement in each analysis of the levels obtained, and also at the dose STZ+SP 36 in each analysis can improve the level of analysis. While on histopathology result and insulin expression in pancreas and histology and expression of glucose transporter 4 and histopathology on kidney and liver showed good change at various treatment dose group especially in STZ+SP 36 group. So at STZ+SP 36 dose showing the change both in this study.

EnglishPenyembuhan Luka Diabetes Krim Biosurfaktan Dialkil Alginat pada Ekspresi TNF-α TGF-β, Reepitelisasi, dan Kolagenisasi Cut Raihanah; Nurul Mahyani; Kintoko Kintoko
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 17 No 1 (2019): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Diabetic wound healing is delayed by many factors, including high TNF-α expression and low TGF-β expression which can affect the formation of new epithelial tissue and collagen as the main goal of the wound healing process. One of the diabetic wound healing agent is biosurfactant dialkyl alginate where so far its use in cream form for diabetic wound has never been reported. This study aimed to determine TNF-α, TGF-β, reepithelization and the collagenization of biosurfactant dialkyl alginate cream in diabetic biopsy wounds in STZ-induced rat. Biosurfactant dialkyl alginate was made in cream form and applied to biopsy wounds on the backs of rat twice a day for 9 days. Observation of TNF-α and TGF-β expression were performed by immunohistochemical staining, while epithelial and collagen with staining HE and Mallory. The results showed that the biosurfactant dialkyl alginate cream had an activity to decrease TNF-α expression, increase TGF-β expression and reepithelization but did not have any significant activity on collagenization. These results suggest that the biosurfactant dialkyl alginate cream can accelerate the healing of diabetic wound.

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