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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
Ni Made Puspawati
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Identifikasi Virus Yang Berasosiasi Dengan Penyakit Mosaik, Kuning, Dan Klorosis Pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum Frutescens L.) I GUSTI NGURAH BAGUS PRANATA PUTRA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI; I DEWA NYOMAN NYANA; I KETUT SIADI; GEDE SUASTIKA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.3, Juli 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT Identification of virus that associated with Mosaic, Yellow, and Chlorosis disease on Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L) This study aims to identify the types of viruses associated with mosaic, yellow, and chlorosis that infect the plants of chili pepper ( Capsicum frutescens L. ) in Kerta village, Gianyar. The method used is the ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and molecular techniques through PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Research activities include (1) Survey endemic locations of viral diseases in Kerta village, Gianyar (2) Collecting leaf of chilli peper that shown, mosaic, yellowing and chlorosis (3) serology test by ELISA (4) molecular detection through PCR. The results show the percentage average of pepper plants showing mosaic symptoms (52.13%), yellow (22.75%), chlorosis (5.45%) and healthy plant (19.67%). Serology test by ELISA technique showed that the mosaic disease induced by the triple virus that is TMV, ChiVMV, and CMV, whereas yellow symptoms infected by PepYLCV and chlorosis symptoms, infected by Polerovirus. RT-PCR technique successfully amplify the target DNA fragment size of 650 bp for Polerovirus and PCR successfully amplified the target DNA fragment size of 700 bp for PepYLCV in accordance with the specific primers were used. Keywords : Chili pepper, mosaic , yellow, chlorosis
Identifikasi Jenis dan Populasi Jamur Tanah pada Habitat Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleracea L.) Sehat dan Sakit Akar Gada pada Sentra Produksi Kubis di Kecamatan Baturiti Tabanan PANDE MADE INDRAYOGA; I MADE SUDARMA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.2, No.3, Juli 2013
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT Identify Types and Population of Soil Fungi on Cabbage (Brassicae oleracea L.) Health and Infected Habitat of Clubroot in Baturiti District, Tabanan Cabbage is a vegetable that potential to be developed, because a lot of people favored this vegetable. Cabbage crop production level is often affected by the attacks of pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae that causes swelling at the root. This disease can reduce the production of cabbage plants up to 80%. The aim of this research is to investigate species variety and soil fungi population on healthy cabbage plant’s rizosphere (suppressive) and diseased cabbage or diseased sympton (conducive) of club root (Plasmodiophora brassicae), and also soil fungi which more dominant on isolation result of soil fungi, to investigate the relation of soil’s physico-chemistry nature with soil fungi population, and to investigate fungi species that able to antagonize P. Brassicae fungi. This research used 3 samples of soil which taken from both healthy and club root diseased cabbage plant’s rizosphere, where the soil’s sample taken from 3 locations, that are: Pekarangan, Baturiti Kaja, and Pacung. The result of this research shown that there are 17 species of soil fungi found on the sample of suppressive and conducivesoil in three locations, where the population of Fusarium sp. fungi becomes dominant soil fungi. This research also shown that on the relation between soil physico-chemistry nature and soil fungi population was not positively correlated, and species fungi of Trichoderma sp. is able to inhibit the growth of P. Brassicaefungi. Keywords: Cabbage plant, Plasmodiophorabrassicae, species and population of soil fungi, suppressive and conducive soil.
Uji Daya Hambat Jamur Eksofit terhadap Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) Butler Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Buah Kakao secara In Vitro ONGKY ARI WIBOWO; I MADE SUDARMA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.6, No.3, Juli 2017
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

In Vitro Inhibition Test of Exophytic Fungi against Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) Butler the Cause Black Pod Disease on Cocoa Cocoa is one of the featured crop plantations in indonesia. In a development widely, a common problem is black pod disease. In indonesia Phytophthora palmivora fungi is a major cause black pod disease of cocoa. This disease can reduce the yield and quality of cocoa up to 32-99%.The use of microbial antagonists as a biocontrol agent to suppress the growth of P. palmivora is important. Some exophytic fungi known to have high potential antagonists in suppressing the growth of P. palmivora fungi. This study was aims to determine the potential inhibition of exophytic fungi in suppressing the growth of P. palmivora fungi in vitro. This research was conducted in July 2016 to October 2016 at the laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana. Stages of the research include: isolation of pathogenic fungi, isolation exophytic fungi, an in vitro test, and identification of fungi. The result showed the pathogen P. palmivora the cause black pod disease of cocoa at Perean Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali. Exophytic fungus which has the potential inhibition of the highest in study include: Rhizoctonia sp. 93,7%, Trichoderma sp1. 92,9%, Rhizopus sp. 94,4%, Aspergillus sp. 88,2%, Trichoderma sp2. 94,8%, Mucor sp. 93,7%. Exophytic fungi which has antibiosis substance is Trichoderma sp1.
Uji Antagonistik Beberapa Rizobakteri terhadap Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Penyebab Penyakit Rebah Kecambah pada Tanaman Kacang Tanah NYOMAN RAI KUNTALINI; KHAMDAN KALIMI; NI MADE PUSPAWATI
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.2, April 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT Antagonistic Test of Some Rhizobacteria Against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Causes Damping Off Disease in Peanut Plant Damping-off disease is one of the important diseases on peanut plants caused by the fungi Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Control which is currently only with synthetic pesticides, which many negative impacts on ecosystems and humans. The many negative effects of pesticides would require alternative more environmentally friendly control. One alternative that can be recommended is the use of rhizobacteria which acts as a biological agent. The results showed that there were some rhizobacteria that effectively inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii Sacc. the inhibition test in vitro with the highest inhibition in the treatment of K. pneumoniae isolates KCX1GRA by 94.9% when compared with controls at 3 days after inoculation observation. Rhizobacteria filtrate tested in vitro showed that the treatment of the filtrate concentration of 10% - 20% on respectively filtrate rhizobacteria able to inhibit the growth of fungus S. rolfsii Sacc. Treatment of the filtrate rhizobacteria isolates 20M2 and KCX1GRA concentration of 20% -50% able to kill the fungi S. rolfsii Sacc., while the filtrate rhizobacteria isolates KCBS and Pi1 concentration of 30% -50% are also able to kill the fungi S. rolfsii Sacc. In the glass house study, the treatment was able to suppress rhizobacteria disease incidance in peanuts from 92% to 8% -10% compared with the control treatment was 92% at 6 weeks after planting observation. Keywords: rhizobacteria, biological agents, and S. rolfsii Sacc.
Deteksi Keberadaan Penyebab Penyakit Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) pada Tanaman Jeruk dengan Gejala Menyeluruh Menggunakan Teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) OCTA FRANSISCA SITORUS; I NYOMAN WIJAYA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.5, No.4, Oktober 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Detection of Ocurrence Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) Disease on Citrus Plant with Comprehensive Symptoms using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Technique Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) is one of very serious disease of citrus plant. The disease is caused by Liberobacter asiaticum bacteria and transmitted by Diaphorina citri Kuw insect. The outspread of disease can also caused by the use of citrus seedlings which have been infected by CVPD. Preliminary visual observations CVPD disease symptoms, there are two types of plants showing symptoms of partial and systemic. Partial symptoms are not all the leaves of plants showing symptoms CVPD, while the systemic symptom is on the whole leaves of plants showing symptoms CVPD. This research aimed to determine the outspread of L. asiaticum bacteria in every parts of the plant that made detection by PCR. The research has been conducted from in Batukaang, Bangli and Plaga, Badung then continued at Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Biology Molecular, Udayana University. Results of PCR visualization using 1% agarose gel showed that there were a DNA band at 1160 bp on the leaves, twigs, branches and trunks. Because the size of 1160 bp DNA bands is expression by L. asiaticum, then the citrus leaf samples were detected positive for the L. asiaticum and it can be ascertained that L. asiaticum haas been distributed to all parts of the plant.
Epidemiologi Penyakit Karat pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Denpasar Selatan NI MADE PUSPAWATI; I MADE SUDARMA
Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science Vol 6 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Udayana

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Rust Disease Epidemiology of Maize (Zea mays L.) in South Denpasar. Rustdiseases consists of Southern rust, Common rust, and Tropical rust, has contracted causingsubstantial losses in maize in the world. Disease began to be seen attacking the corn crop inSouth Denpasar. The purpose of this study to determine the presence of rust disease on corn ,contracted diseases, epidemiology, and weather factors that dominate affect diseaseprogression. Place of research conducted in South Denpasar, the time from April to June2016. The study used survey methods at the center of the corn crop, and then determine thesample of plants by taking a random 20 corn plants in each plot, which was repeated 3 times.The results showed that the type of rust that attacks corn planting area in the south ofDenpasar was a kind of Southern Corn Rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia polysora.Pathogens can be identified by urediniosporanya, which is elliptical, there is also a round withno makrokopis symptoms on the leaves are brown reddish yellow . Epidemiology of diseasesincluded in the criteria being the epidemic range from 0.054 to 0.329 per unit per day. Therelationship between temperature and humidity with the intensity of the disease were notsignificantly different, but the relationship temperature with infection rate was significantlydifferent, while relationship humidity with infection rate was significantly different. Multipleregression temperature and humidity with infection rate was highly significant.
Keragaman dan Daya Hambat Spora Tular Udara yang Mengkontaminasi Media Baglog Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Rr) Kummer) I MADE SUDARMA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI; NI NENGAH DARMIATI; KETUT AYU YULIADHI; NI WAYAN SUNITI; I GUSTI NGURAH BAGUS; I NYOMAN WIJAYA; DWI WIDANINGSIH
Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science Vol 5 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Udayana

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Diveristy and Inhibition of Air-Borne Spores That Contaminate Substrat of OysterMushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr) Kummer). The aim of research to know thediversity, prevalence and inhibition of air-borne spores that could potentially contaminatesubtsrat baglog of oyster mushrooms. In this study using the method: (1) the arrest of sporescarried out during the hours of 7 am to 13 pm by placing three petri dish that already containsmedia PDA 3 pieces, and repeated 3 times, (2) inhibition ability of air-borne spores againstoyster mushroom. The place and time of the study conducted at Jl. Siulan Gang Zella No. 7Denpasar, and implemented in October 2014 to February 2015. The results showed that 13genera, including Aspergillus spp, as many as 10 with a prevalence of 13.51%, Aspergillusniger 7 (9.45%), Brachysporium sp., 1 (1.35%) , Cunninghamella sp. 1 (1.35 %), Fusariumspp. as many as 19 (25.6 %), Giotrichum sp. 1 (1.35%), Mucor spp. , a total of 18 (24.32%),Neurospora spp., as many as 8 (10.81%), Penicillium spp. 2 (2.70%), Phytophthora spp. 4(5.40%), Stachybotrys sp. 1 (1.35%), Trichoderma sp. 1 (1.35%) and Umbelopsis sp. 1 (1.35%). The highest prevalence achieved by Fusarium spp . amounting to 25.67 %, followed byMucor spp. 24.32%. Diversity index (H') was obtained from each replicate of 0.6438, 0.7048,0.5611 with a 0.6366 average. Dominance index (C) obtained by 0.6331. 0.8646, 0.6146, andaverage 0.7041. Diversity including < 1, marked by low diversity and dominance index closeto 1, meaning there is dominance. The dominance held by Fusarium spp . and Mucor spp.Inhibitory effects of air -borne fungi on the growth Oyster mushroom in vitro; The highestachieved by Fusarium spp, with inhibition of 94.00 ± 1.2%, followed by Aspergillus spp.amounting to 92.15 ± 1.5%, and the lowest was achieved by Penicillium spp . amounting to70.37 ± 2.5%.
Status Penyakit Layu pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum Frutescens L.) di Banjarangkan, Klungkung I MADE SUDARMA; NI MADE PUSPAWATI; NI WAYAN SUNITI; I GUSTI NGURAH BAGUS
Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science Vol 4 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Status of wilt disease in pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) at Banjarangkan, Klungkung. Wilt disease in pepper , has led to a total yield loss in Banjarangkan, Klungkung regency. Until now the disease was still a threat to farmers in the area pepper. The purpose of research to study the disease includes symptoms, causes disease, the percentage of the disease and the rate of infection (r). Research using existing observations of the disease in three plots of local farmers. Each plot the observed number of diseased plants and entire plants. Samples of diseased plants put in a plastic bag, then placed in an ice box , to be observed macroscopically in the laboratory. The study was conducted in two places, namely surveys Banjarangkan disease in Klungkung , and isolation of the pathogen as well as pathogenicity test carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Jl. PB Sudirman Denpasar-Bali. The research was conducted from June to November 2013. The results showed that the pathogen that causes wilt disease in pepper at Banjarangkan, Klungkung regency was the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici, with the disease incidence was 76.67%. Fusarium wilt disease epidemic in pepper indicated by the rate of infection, first gained 0.44 per unit per day, then decreases with time, 0.23, 0.12 and 0.11 per unit per day respectively. The rate of infection ranged from 0.11 to 0.44 per unit per day, this means that the moderate criteria.
Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Stewart Pada Tanaman Jagung yang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Rizobakteri I Gede Rai Maya Temaja; GN Alit Susanta Wirya; Ni Made Puspawati; Muhammad Ikhsan Nulzaen
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 16, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

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Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyakit layu stewart telah menimbulkan masalah besar bagi negara produsen jagung. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ini pertama kali dilaporkan keberadaannya pada tanaman jagung di Bali yaitu pada tahun 2017. Kejadian penyakit baru pada komoditas penting seperti jagung, sangat urgen untuk dicarikan solusi pengendaliannya. Menyusun strategi pengendalian penyakit, harus mengacu pada pertanian berkelanjutan dengan mempertimbangkan keseimbangan dan keamanan lingkungan, kesehatan petani dan konsumen. Alternatif pengendalian yang yang merupakan tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan rhizobakteria sebagai penginduksi ketahanan tanaman terhadap penyakit layu stewart. Penelitian rumah kaca dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial dilakukan untuk menguji potensi rizobakteri sebagai agens penginduksi ketahanan tanaman jagung. Penelitian menggunakan dua faktor yaitu isolat rizobakteri (isolat TLKC, isolat CgBd dan tanpa isolat rizobakteri yaitu menggunakan air steril sebagai kontrol) dan cara apilkasinya (perendaman kecambah, perendaman akar bibit, dan penyiraman bibit). Variabel yang diamati adalah keparahan penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun), hasil (panjang dan berat tongkol per tanaman), total fenol dan kandungan asam salisilat. Perlakuan isolat rizobakteri CgBd yang diaplikasikan melalui perendaman kecambah merupakan perlakuan terbaik, karena memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman tertinggi, jumlah daun terbanyak, dan produksi yaitu panjang dan berat tongkol yang tertinggi; dan keparahan penyakit terendah. Rendahnya keparahan penyakit karena tanaman jagung memiliki ketahanan yang meningkat terhadap penyakit layu stewart. Indikator peningkatan ketahanan jagung terhadap penyakit layu stewart adalah peningkatan kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa rizobakteri isolat CgBd dan TLKC mampu berperan sebagai agens penginduksi ketahanan sistemik dan sekaligus sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman; dan cara aplikasi rizobakteri yang terbaik adalah melalui perendaman kecambah jagung pada suspensi rizobakteri. Kata kunci: jagung, Pantoea, rizobakteri, perendaman kecambah, keamanan lingkunganABSTRACTStewart wilt disease has caused major problems for corn producing countries. Disease caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii was first reported its existence on corn plants in Bali, in 2017. The incidence of new diseases on essential commodities such as corn, it is very urgent to look for its control solutions. Devise strategies for disease control, it should refer to sustainable agriculture by considering the balance and the environmental security, the health of farmers and consumers. An alternative control which is the purpose of this research is the utilization of rhizobakteria as inducers of plant resistance to stewart wilt disease. Greenhouse studies was designed using a randomized block design (RBD) with factorial pattern was conducted to test the potential rhizobakteria as inducer agents of plant resistance. The study was used two factors, namely: rizobakteri isolates (TLKC isolate, CgBd isolate and without rizobakteri isolates i.e. using sterile water as a control) and the way applications (soaking of sprouts, soaking of seedling root and watering the seeds). The variables measured were disease severity, plant growth (plant height and number of leaves), productions (length and weight of cobs per plant), phenols total and salicylic acid contents. Treatment of CgBd isolate applied trough sprouts soaking was the best treatment. It was giving the effects on plant growth, namely: the highest plant height and leaves number; production that were the highest of length and weight of cobs per plant; and the lowest disease severity. The low level of disease severity because the corn plants had increased resistance to stewart wilt disease. The indicator of increased corn resistance to stewart wilt disease was an increase in total content of phenols and salicylic acid. The study concluded that CgBd and TLKC rizobakteri isolates able to act as inducer agent of systemic resistance as well as plant growth promoters; and the best way of rizobakteri isolates application was through sprouts soaking on rizobakteri suspension.Keywords: corn, Pantoea, rhizobakteria, sprouts soaking, environmental securityCitation: Temaja, I G. R.M., Wirya, G.N.A.S., Puspawati, N.M. dan Nulzaen. M.I. (2018). Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Stewart Pada Tanaman Jagung yang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Rizobakteri. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(1), 44-48, doi:10.14710/jil.16.1.44-48
Co-Authors DWI WIDANINGSIH GEDE SUASTIKA Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta Wirya I Dewa Nyoman Nyana I G. R. M. TEMAJA I Gusti Ngurah Bagus I GUSTI NGURAH BAGUS PRANATA PUTRA I Ketut Siadi I Ketut Suada I MADE SUDARMA I MADE SUDARMA I MADE SUDARMA I MADE SUDARMA I MADE SUDARMA I MADE SUDARMA I NYOMAN WIJAYA IDA BAGUS MADE DWI JAYA KETUT AYU YULIADHI Khairun Nisak Syahdu KHAMDAN KALIMI M SUDANA MADE SRITAMIN Michel Williams, Michel Muhammad Ikhsan Nulzaen NI NENGAH DARMIATI NI NYOMAN ALIT PURWANINGSIH NI NYOMAN ARI MAYADEWI NI PUTU MERRY SENI ANTARI NI WAYAN SUNITI NYOMAN RAI KUNTALINI OCTA FRANSISCA SITORUS ONGKY ARI WIBOWO PANDE MADE INDRAYOGA Putu Sudiarta Sinarsih, Ni Ketut Sri Wahjuni WIWIK SUSANAH RITA