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Lack of Atherosclerotic Lesion Progression on Severe Hyperlipidemic Rabbits DIMAS ANDRIANTO; SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI; LATIFAH KOSIM DARUSMAN; HASIM DANURI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

In human, coronary heart disease causes by severe pathological atherosclerosis. In this study, we established animal model to study atherosclerosis caused by hyperlipidemia. This study therefore was undertaken to define the effect of increasing atherosclerosis risk factor, include body weight as well as age, cholesterol concentration and dietary fat in rabbit chow, and time of treatment. Male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into 4 groups; Group I and III were consisted of 2 months rabbit were fed with standard rabbit chow. To introduce atherosclerosis, the chow for Group II was contained 0.25% cholesterol and 5% palm oil; whereas the chow for group IV was contained 0.5% cholesterol and 5% coconut oil to induce higher atherosclerotic lesion. Results showed that group II and IV developed hyperlipidemia. However, aortic cholesterol concentration in those groups did not different significantly (P > 0.05). We suggest that low carbohydrate composition in diet, 50% lower compared to the previous researches, was able to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration. This study demonstrated the complex interactions between low carbohydrate diet and cholesterol metabolism and the dramatic effects of reducing atherosclerosis risk factor; however, even though hyperlipidemic condition was achieved, total plasma cholesterol HDL ratio was maintained low. Key words: atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, rabbit, low carbohydrate diet

Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak sulur buah naga putih (Hylocereus undatus) dengan metode DPPH dan Rancimat Hasim Hasim; Dimas Andrianto; Ella Deffi Lestari; Didah Nur Faridah
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 12 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia

The objectives of this study were to analyze phytochemical components, to determine total phenol and flavonoid content, and to test the antioxidant activity of dragon fruit vine extract. The results of phytochemical analysis showed acetone and ethyl acetate extracts contain alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids, while methanol extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoids. Total phenol and flavonoid content determination results showed the highest concentration in acetone extract of 460.01 GAE mg / 100 g sample and 229.27 RUE mg/100 g sample. Extract of dragon fruit vine has a potencial as antioxidant by inhibition of free radical of DPPH with best IC50 value on acetone extract 25.32 mg / L. The results of antioxidant testing in lipid system using rancimat method obtained the highest protection factor on methanol extract of 1.64.

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIHIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA IN VITRO DARI CAMPURAN EKSTRAK ANGKAK DAN BEKATUL Hasim -; Qomariah Hasanah; Dimas Andrianto; Didah Nur Faridah
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Red yeast rice (RYR) and rice bran (RB) have been reported to have many biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetes and antihypercholesterolemia. This research aimed to determine the best fraction of RYR extract as a HMG CoA reductase inhibitor and the best ratio of the mixture of RYR and RB extract fraction as a HMG CoA reductase inhibitor and an antioxidant using in vitro assays. RYR and RB were individually extracted using ethanol 95%, followed by liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane, dichloromethane, etyhl acetate, and water. The RYR extract fraction with the best HMG CoA reductase inhibition was then mixed with RB extract in various ratios for HMG CoA reductase inhibition test and antioxidant activity by FRAP method, as well as analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids content. The results showed that the strongest inhibitory effect to the HMG CoA reductase was found in the water fraction of RYR extract (37.37%). The mixture of RYR and RB water extract fractions with a ratio of RYR:RB 1:3 had the strongest inhibition (51.85%) as compared to other ratios, followed by a ratio of 2:2 (51.03%) and 3:1 (42.36%). The best antioxidant activity was found in the RYR:RB ratio of 1:3 (24.76 mg TE/g). The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content was found in the RYR:RB ratio of 2:2 (11.17 mg GAE/g) and the RYR:RB ratio of 3:1 (7.44 mg QE/g). Overall, the addition of RB extract into the RYR extract was able to provide a significantly better HMG CoA reductase inhibitory effects and antioxidant acti-vity than RYR extract alone.

Performance of Broilers Chicken Due to The Administration of Raw Propolis Akhmad Endang Zainal Hasan; Ike Agustiani; Olive Wisepti Pratama; Syifa Khaerani; Mutholaah; Muhammad Zulkifli; Dimas Andrianto; Agus Setiyono
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v1i2.48

The use of antibiotics as an Antimicrobial Growth Promoter (AGP) for livestock has been banned because antibiotic residues in livestock meat can trigger antibiotic resistance in consumers. Propolis is a natural source that has benefits like antioxidants, antiviral, antifungal, and antibiotic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the addition of feed from the optimal composition of raw propolis to increasing broiler chickens' body weight of broiler chickens. This study used broiler chickens as experimental animals. The chicken were grouped into six groups consisting of two control groups and four treatment groups with different level concentrations of propolis (2, 4, 6, and 8 g/kg feed). After treatment for four weeks, supplementation of raw propolis in the feed had not been able to provide a positive effect on growth performance and protein levels that were not significantly different from controls. Group chickens with propolis additions 6 g/kg feed showed the best results compared to other treatment groups. The group had final weight values, food conversion ratio (FCR), and carcass weight in 1970.67 gram, 1.52, and 1349.83 gram, respectively. The highest percentage of the carcass was shown by group chicken with propolis additions 2 g/kg feed, which is equal to 74.46%. Raw propolis can reduce feed consumption but increase feed conversion ratio.

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Syamsul Falah; Sulistiyani Sulistiyani; Dimas Andrianto
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.2.94-99

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity. Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours. Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract.

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Syamsul Falah; Sulistiyani Sulistiyani; Dimas Andrianto
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.2.94-99

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity. Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours. Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract.

Phytochemical Analysis, α-glucosidase Inhibition Activity in-vitro and Enzyme Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate and Hexane Extracts of Graptophylum pictum (L.) Griff Waras Nurcholis; I Made Artika; Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno; Dimas Andrianto; Apipah Aprianti; Fina Febrianti; Inawati Inawati; Antonius Padua Ratu; Arya Arendra
Current Biochemistry Vol. 1 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : IPB University

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The species Graptophylum pictum (L.) Griff, also known as “daun ungu” in Indonesia, is a traditional herbaceous plant believed to have antidiabetic potential. The number of people in the world with diabetes has increased dramatically over the recent years. The treatment of type II diabetes is complicated by several factors inherent to the disease. Elevated postprandial hyperglycemia is one of the risk factors and the intestinal digestive enzyme α-glucosidase plays a vital role in carbohydrate metabolism. One of the antidiabetic therapeutic approaches which reduces the postprandial glucose level in blood is by the inhibition of α-glucosidase. In this study, phytochemical analysis, α- glucosidase inhibitory activity and enzyme kinetics of ethyl acetate- and hexane extracts of G. pictum were evaluated with the aim to analyze its antidiabetic potential. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, steroids, and alkaloids. Steroids were present in ethyl acetate extract but absent in hexane extract, while alkaloids were present in hexane extract but absent in ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate and hexane extracts had 30.68 and 49.82 % inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity respectively. The kinetics of glucosidase enzyme of ethyl acetate and hexane extracts were determined by Lineweaver Burk plots. These exhibited uncompetitive and noncompetitive inhibition to alpha-glucosidase activity respectively. From the enzyme assay, we infer that ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of G. pictum contain potential α-glucosidase inhibitors that have the potential to be exploited for use in the treatment of diabetes

The Usage of Momordica charantia as Face Cleansing Cosmetics: Momordica charantia Leaves Extract as Absorbent of Heavy Metal, Surface Tension Reducer and Skin Antibacterial Dimas Andrianto; Popi Asri Kurniatin; Silvy Aulya; Dewi Eriyanti
Current Biochemistry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : IPB University

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Momordica charantia (daun pare in Indonesian) is one of Indonesian herbal plants which useful property has not been explored. M. charantia contains chemical substances such as oil and saponin. Nowadays, the society possesses a high awareness regarding the risk of using artificial chemicals for skin care and more people are switching to use herbal cosmetics. The extract of M. charantiahas been proven to be able to be used as one of the active components of herbal based facial cleansing cosmetics. Its active properties include its ability to absorb heavy metal from air pollution and motor vehicles emission, decrease surface tension, and to act as an antibacterial agent.In the research, M.charantia was extracted using 4 (four) solvents, namely water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane. The research then examined the property of each extract in metal absorption (using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry / AAS), decreasing surface tension, and antibacterial activities. The result of the test showed that the water based extract was the most effective extract in reducing surface tension and in inhibiting the development of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, while the ethanol based extract was the most effective one in absorption of Pb and Hg metals and in inhibiting the development of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The result indicated that M. charantiaextract has the potentials to be used as facial cleanser and can also counter the bacterial infection which could cause acnes.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Metode untuk Produksi Glukosamin dari Limbah Cangkang Bekicot Achatina fulica Siti Maesunah Gilang Maya; Raden Roro Fine Ayu Putri; Aisyah Sahara; Galuh Adhiyaksa Ashari; Abdurrahman Zaky; Dimas Andrianto
Current Biochemistry Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : IPB University

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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. This disease occurs when the joint feels painful due to mild inflammation that arises due to activity with the bone of end friction joints. Glucosamine has been proven to stimulate the production of cartilage and inhibit the enzyme that destroys cartilage. Glucosamine which was obtained from the hydrolysis of chitin occurs in a variety of animals such as the shell of crustacea, insects, arthropods, and the shell of molluscs (snail shells). There is a large snail population in Indonesia. Some restaurants and people make use by product snails as food sources. However, this process leaves snail shell as a by product. The high yield of glucosamine produced from snail shells use methods such as reflux+water bath and reflux+magnetic stirrer was 1.47%. Glucosamine hydrochloride was obtained through autoclave at 121 °C and pressure 1 atm for 70 minutes. The presence of chitin, chitosan, glucosamine was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. A joint pain ointment was prepared using glucosamine hydrochloride from snail shells concentration at 1 % w/w. Results of this research will be very useful for the reduction of agricultural pests while simultaneously generating a new product that can lift the economic value of snail shells. Keywords: Chitin, Chitosan, Glucosamine, Osteoarthritis, Snail Shells

Antibiotic-Resistant-Bacterial Infection of Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Ulcers: A Narrative Review on a Healing Ointment Jaka Aryantara Kuntala; Mutmainnah Agustiawan Umar; Qurrotu Ayni; Dimas Andrianto
Current Biochemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.7.2.4

Gangrene is the main reason why diabetes mellitus patient’s leg amputation should be done. Natural compounds which are contained in coffee grounds extract can actually act as antibacterial substances by inhibiting the growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that resistant to several antibiotics. Coffee grounds become waste caused by people are underusing this material and the high production level of coffee grounds in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine the content of antimicrobial compounds from coffee grounds that can heal wounds caused by diabetes mellitus and to create a formulation of coffee ground based ointment for diabetes mellitus wound healing. Methods used in this research are narrative review from literatures, normality test, and T-test. The conclusion of this narrative review, natural compounds such a trigonelline, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid found in coffee grounds are capable of MRSA growth inhibition at concentration 44%. Coffee grounds based ointment with 1% (w/w) of ointment preparation is expected to reduce coffee grounds waste by developing new product as diabetes mellitus wound healer.

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