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INDONESIA
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 19795920     EISSN : 27158365     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Majalah Ilmiah Chemistry Progress merupakan media untuk menyebarkan informasi ilmiah dan sarana komunikasi bagi para ilmuan dan cendekiawan melalui tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Majalah Ilmiah Chemistry Progress terbit dua nomor dalam satu tahun (Mei dan November) berisi kajian penelitian dalam lingkup ilmu kimia (organik, anorganik, analitik, biokimia, fisika, bahan alam, lingkungan, pangan, kelautan, pertambangan, farmasi dan komputasi). Jumlah halaman pervolume adalah 55-65 halaman.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 246 Documents
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KINERJA ADSORPSI LEMPUNG CENGAR TERAKTIVASI UNTUK MENGHILANGKAN KATION Co(II) DARI FASA BERAIR ., Muhdarina; Bahri, Syaiful
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 5, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.5.2.2012.770

Abstract

Mengaktifkan permukaan lempung bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan permukaan dalam mengikat adsorbat. Lempung alam Cengar telah diaktifkan secara impregnasi di dalam larutan 1 molar garam amonium asetat dan amonium klorida, disentrifugasi dan dikeringkan. Serangkaian percobaan adsorpsi kation Co(II) oleh lempung aktif Cengar dipelajari melalui mekanisme, isoterm dan termodinamika adsorpsi. Adsorpsi kation Co(II) mengikuti mekanisme difusi film dan isoterm Langmuir. Proses adsorpsi kation Co(II) pada lempung aktif Cengar terjadi secara kemisorpsi dan tidak spontan. Kation Co(II) lebih banyak teradsorpsi pada lempung yang diaktifkan dengan amonium asetat.Activation of the clay surface is aimed to improve the ability of the surface to bind the adsorbate. Cengar natural clay was activated by impregnation in a solution of 1 M ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride salt respectively, followed by centrifugation and drying.A series ofadsorption experiments of cationsCo(II) on activatedCengarclay was studied throughmechanism, isothermandthermodynamicsof adsorption.Adsorption ofcationsCo(II) followed thefilmdiffusionmechanismandLangmuirisotherm. The adsorption process ofcationsCo(II) on the Cengar clay is occured under chemisorption and not spontaneous. The adsorption of cationsCo(II) is higher inammoniumacetate-activated rather than ammonium chloride-activated clays.
STANDARISASI BAHAN RIMPANG TEMULAWAK ASAL MANOKWARI PAPUA BARAT SEBAGAI ANTIMALARIA ALAMI Pulung, Maria Lidya
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 11, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.11.1.2018.27913

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penentuan aktivitas antimalaria dan standarisasi bahan rimpang temulawak dalam bentuk bubuk simplisia dan bubuk sari temulawak telah dilakukan. Bubuk sari dan bubuk simplisia temulawak diekstrak menggunakan pelarut etanol dengan metode maserasi. Uji antimalaria dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 yang sensitif terhadap klorokuin. Nilai IC50 ditentukan berdasarkan analisis probit. Standarisasi bahan meliputi penentuan kadar abu total, kadar air, analisis kadar kurkuminoid (Bisdesmetoksi kurkumin, Desmetoksi kurkumin, kurkumin) dan xanthorizol menggunakan HPLC, analisis logam berat (Pb, Cd, As) menggunakan AAS. Hasil uji antimalaria menunjukkan ekstrak bubuk sari temulawak lebih aktif dibandingkan ekstrak simplisia temulawak dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 0,062 dan 0,085 µg.mL-1, sementara hasil analisis standarisasi bahan menunjukkan bahwa rimpang temulawak aman digunakan sebagai antimalaria alami sesuai standar BPOM.  ABSTRACT The determination of antimalarial activity and standardization of ginger rhizome material in the botanicals extracts of ginger and powdered extract of ginger juice has been achieved. The botanicals extracts of ginger and powdered extract of ginger juice were extracted using ethanol solvent by maceration method. Antimalarial tests were performed in vitro using Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 which is sensitive to chloroquine. The value of IC50 is determine by probit analysis. Material standardization includes determination of total ash content, moisture content, analysis of curcuminoid content (Bisdesmetoksi curcumin, Desmetoksi curcumin, curcumin) and xanthorizol using HPLC, as well as heavy metal analysis (Pb, Cd, As) using AAS. The result of antimalarial test showed powdered extract of ginger juice are more active than botanicals extracts of ginger with IC50 value of 0.062 and 0.085 μg.mL-1, while the result of material standardization analysis showed that the ginger rhizome is safe to be used as natural antimalaria according to BPOM standard. 
PENGARUH PEMANASAN TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM PEMBUATAN GULA AREN Pelealu, Klaudi
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 4, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.4.2.2011.4975

Abstract

Gula aren dihasilkan dari bahan sadapan pohon aren. Gula aren dikenal oleh masyarakat memiliki sifat medis.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aktivitas antioksidan selama proses pembuatan gula aren danstabilitasnya terhadap bebagai macam konsidi seperti radiasi cahaya, pH dan pemanasan.Bahan mentah yaitu nira segar dimasak untuk diuapkan airnya. Sementara dimasak, sampel diambil setelahkandungan gula cairan mencapai 20, 50, 80 and 100 % atau setelah menjadi gula aren. Aktivitas antioksidanditentukan berdasarkan kemampuan mereduksi. Stabilitas antioksidan ditentukan setelah sari di beri perlakuandicahaya selama 0, 2, 4, 6 dan 8 jam; pada pH 4, 5, 6, 7; dan pemanasan selama 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 120 menit.Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi diperoleh gula aren (100oBrix). Tetapi aktivitasmenurun setelah sejumlah senyawa meningkat selama proses penguapan. Stabilitas antioksidan terhadapradiasi selama 4 jam masih stabil, tetapi menurun setelah 6-8 jam. Pada pH 7, aktivitas antioksidan stabil, tetapipenurunan pH menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas antioksidan. Pemanasan gula selama 60 menit meningkatkanaktivitas antioksidan, tetapi setelah 120 menit mengalami penurunan. Kata kunci : heating, brown sugar, antioxidant, aren
POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN FENOLIK DARI FAMILI MYRTACEAE DAN PERANNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF TABIR SURYA Suryanto, Edi
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 3, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.3.2.2010.18983

Abstract

ABSTRACTSuryanto et al., 2010. The potential of phenolic antioxidant from Myrtaceae family as sunscreen active compound.The objectives of study was to determine free radical scavenging activity and measure sun protective activity of the phenolic extract in Myrtaceae family in vitro. Analyses of phytochemicals were based on total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannins. The antioxidant activities of extracts were determined by free radical 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Syzygium polyanthum, clove and Eugenia aquea powder was extracted with methanol 80% at room temperature for 24 hours. Free radical scavenging activity of each extracts evaluated at 100-200 ppm level. The higher total phenolic and tannin content was find clove leave extract, followed by Eugenia aquea leave extract and Syzygium polyanthum leave extract. Contrary, Eugenia aquea leave possessed higher contents of flavonoid than clove extract and Syzygium polyanthum extract. The clove leave extract showed higher DPPH free radical scavenging than Syzygium polyanthum and Eugenia aquea leave extract at 200 ppm level. Free radical scavenging activity of three extracts increased with increasing concentration of extract. The result showed also that clove phenolic extract possessed high potential as ingredient of sunscreen followed by Eugenia aquea and Syzygium polyanthum leave phenolic extract. Result of measuring the sun protection factor (SPF) were 34.38; 33.98 and 7.92, resvectively. These result suggested that three extracts in Myrtaceae family leave having potential as antioxidant and sun protection factor (SPF) value is high that including in low protection (6-8) and medium protection (>15).Keywords : antioxidant, Myrtaceae family, phenolic extract, sunscreen
SINTESIS POLIURETAN DARI ASAM LEMAK TEROKSIDASI MINYAK INTI BUAH NYAMPLUNG MELALUI PROSES POLIMERISASI MENGGUNAKAN TOLUEN DIISOSIANAT Suhendra, Dedy; Solehah, Anggi; Asnawati, Dina; Gunawan, Erin Ryantin
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 6, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.6.2.2013.3496

Abstract

Produksi poliuretan sebagian besar bersumber dari poliol yang berasal dari minyak bumi. Namun minyak bumi merupakan bahan baku yang tidak dapat diperbaharui. Dengan demikian perlu dicari bahan baku alternatif untuk pembuatan poliol sebagai bahan baku poliuretan. Telah dilakukan penelitian sintesis poliuretan dari asam lemak teroksidasi minyak inti buah nyamplung melalui proses polimerisasi menggunakan toluen diisosianat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah asam lemak minyak inti buah nyamplung dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan poliuretan dan mengetahui karakteristik poliuretan dari asam lemak minyak inti buah nyamplung. Dari hasil penelitian, asam lemak minyak inti buah nyamplung dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan poliuretan dengan cara mentransformasi asam lemak menjadi poliol melalui reaksi epoksidasi. Diperoleh perubahan sifat fisiko kimia dari asam lemak menjadi poliol yaitu warna kuning muda menjadi putih kekuningan, indeks bias dari 1,451 menjadi 1,458 dan bilangan iod dari 87 mg iod/g asam lemak menjadi 29 mg iod/g poliol. Persen (%) konversi poliol yang diperoleh dari asam lemak adalah 66,67%, sedangkan persen(%) konversi poliuretan dari poliol adalah 83,73%. Karakteristik poliuretan dari asam lemak minyak inti buah nyamplung yaitu berwarna coklat muda, elastis, homogen, keras dan berbentuk membran.Most of polyurethan production are from polyol that was made from petroleum. Petroleum are material which is un-renewable. Thus, it’s necessary to find an alternative materials to produce polyol as polyurethane raw materials. A research abaut polyurethane synthesis from oxidation fatty acid nyamplung seeds oil through polimerization proces with toluene diisocyanate have been done in order to know are the fatty acid nyamplung seeds oil could be raw materials to make polyurethane and to know polyurethane characteristic from fatty acid nyamplung seeds oil. From the research result, fatty acid nyamplung seeds oil could be use as raw materials ofpolyurethane by transforming fatty acid into polyol through epoxidation reaction. The result are the change ofphysicochemical characters from fatty acid into polyol which is light yellow to white yellowish color, the refractive index from 1,451 to 1,458 and the iodine number from 87 mg iod/gr fatty acid to 29 mg iod/gr polyol. Percentage (%) conversion polyol from fatty acid are 66,67% and percentage (%) conversion polyurethane from polyol are 83,73%. The polyurethane characteristic from fatty acid nyamplung seeds oil are light brown, homogen,elastics, hard and in form of membrane.
EFEK LAMA PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK KALAMANSI (Citrus microcarpa) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TEPUNG PISANG GOROHO (Musa spp.) Kiay, Nancy; Suryanto, Edi; Mamahit, Lexie
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 4, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.4.1.2011.26502

Abstract

ABSTRACTKiay et al., 2011. The effect calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) extract on antioxidant activity of goroho banana fluor(Musa spp.).Banana is local food commodity that used as sources of carbohydrate beside paddy. Fresh mature banana canbe produced as banana flour to prolong its lifetime and minimalize its nutrition degradation. Callamansi (Citrusmicrocarpa) contained antioxidant compound. Does callamansi extract improve antioxidant activity of gorohobanana flour. The aim of this research was to determine antioxidant activity of goroho banana flour whichimmersed with calamansi extract.This research using laboratory experiment methods to analyze total phenolic content, free radical scavengingactivity, total antioxidant and vitamins C of calamansi and goroho banana flour using spectrophotometer UV-vis.This research using complete random design (rancangan acak lengkap, RAL), thus obtained data wereanalyzed using statistic. Significant difference between groups were analyzed using ANOVA with p<0,05. Ifthere is significant difference between groups, data were analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT).The results showed that banana flour immersed with calamansi extract possess to total phenolic content 3,84mg/kg gallic acid, free radical scavenging activity 81,20%, total antioxidant 28,42 ppm and vitamins C 0,09mg/100 g sample (p>0,05) compared with vitamin C, citric acid and blank. Its caused by callamansi antioxidantdiffuse into banana flour. Banana flour immersed with vitamins C possess to total phenolic content 1,66 mg/kggallic acid, free radical scavenging activity 41,98%, total antioxidant 22,8 ppm and vitamins C 0,09 mg/100 gsample, Banana flour immersed with citric acid possess to total phenolic content 1,42 mg/kg gallic acid, freeradical scavenging activity 36,66%, total antioxidant 15,15 ppm and vitamins C 0,09 mg/100 g sample andblank possess to total phenolic content 1,49 mg/kg gallic acid, free radical scavenging activity 39,94%, totalantioxidant 16,63 ppm and vitamins C 0,09 mg/100 g sample. Antioxidant activity from calamansi extract andgoroho banana flour caused by it phenolics compound that act as antioxidant.As conclusions of this research, calamansi possess an antioxidant activity. Then goroho banana flour immersedwith calamansi extract possess high antioxidant activity. This research suggested that calamansi extract can beused to produce banana flour with antioxidant activity..Keywords : callamansi, goroho banana, flour, antioxidant
AKTIVITAS PENANGKAL RADIKAL BEBAS DAN PENSTABIL OKSIGEN SINGLET DARI EKSTRAK DAUN KUNYIT (Curcuma Domestica Val.) Suryanto, Edi
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 2, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.2.2.2009.4966

Abstract

The objectives of study was to determine free radical scavenging and singlet oxygen quenching (SOQ)activity in turmeric leaves extract. Analyses of phytochemicals were based on total phenolic, flavonoid andcondensed tannins. The radical scavenging activities of extracts were determined by 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Turmeric leaves powder was extracted with methanol 80%, ethanol 80% danacetone 80% at room temperature for 24 hours, respectively. Singlet oxygen quenching (SOQ) activity ofeach tumiric leaves extracts at 500-1500 ppm level. SOQ activity test was conducted using linoleic acid assubstrates each containing 5 ppm erythrosine as a photosensitizer. The highest total phenolic flavonoidcontent was detected in methanol extract, followed by acetone extract and ethanol extract. Contrary,ethanol extract contained higher contents of condensed tannins than methanol extract and aceton extract.The addition of metanol extracts of turmeric leave in the reaction mixture showed the highest scavengingactivity in DPPH free radical followed by acetone extract and ethanol extract. The singlet oxygenquenching activities of turmeric extracts were greatly different in different solvents. The methanol extractexhibited the highest singlet oxygen quenching activities followed by acetone extract and ethanol extractunder fluorescent light for up to 5 hours. These result suggested that phenolic extract of turmeric leaveshad free radical scavenging and singlet oxygen quenching activities Keywords : turmeric leaves, phenolic extract, free radical scavenging, singlet oxygenquenching
DAMPAK LIMBAH PETERNAKAN AYAM TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SAWANGAN DI DESA SAWANGAN KECAMATAN TOMBULU KABUPATEN MINAHASA Olivianti, Asriani; Abidjulu, Jemmy; Koleangan, Harry
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 9, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.9.2.2016.27986

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dampak limbah peternakan ayam terhadap kualitas air sungai Sawangan. Lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lima titikyaitu pada pipa pembuangan limbah peternakan ayam yang langsung mengarah ke sungai (T3), 25m (T1) dan 10m  (T2)  ke arah hulu sebelum pipa pembuangan serta 10m (T4) dan 25m (T5) ke arah hilir sesudah pipa pembuangan limbah ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air sungai Sawangan yang tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu berada pada T3, semua parameter yang diperika baik pH, nitrit, nitrat, amonium, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD tidak memenuhi ketentuan pemerintah dalam PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 tentang standar kualitas air. Pada lokasi yang lain ( T1, T2, T4 & T5) teramati bahwa kualitas air sungai masih memenuhi ketentuan yang berlaku. ABSTRACTA research had been conducted to study the effect of chicken farming waste on Sawangan river water quality. Sampling location were set at 25 m (T1), 10 m (T2), 0 m (T3) upstream 10 m (T4) and 25 m (T5) downstream. The results showed that at T3, all of the examined parameters pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD do not meet the prerequisite ruled by government in PP No. 82 of 2001 about water quality standard. At other locations (T1, T2, T4, & T5), it appears that the river water quality still fulfill the requirement. 
SINTESIS ANTIOKSIDAN 4,6-DIALIL-2-METOKSIFENOL DARI ALIL EUGENOL MELALUI PENATAAN ULANG CLAISEN Suryanto, Edi; Anwar, Chairil
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 1, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.1.1.2008.19

Abstract

The objectives of this study was to synthesized 4,6-diallyl-2-methoxyphenol (DMP) from allyl eugenol by Claisen rearrangement. The reaction was carried out at temperature 170-200oC and the reaction time was 30 minutes. The synthesis of DMP by heating at 170-200oC for a certain period of time appears to be a fairly good and simple method. The synthesis compounds were elucidated by infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Antioxidant activity evaluated the based on the heating of coconut oil. At higher temperatures of reaction the yield will be higher and at the reaction time 30 minutes will produce will produce higher yield which was 59,19%. The gas chromatographic analysis showed that the purity of DMP was 96,45% The structure of 4,6-diallyl-2-methoxyphenol was identified by IR spectrometry which shows strong absorption at 3527 cm-1 indicating hydroxyl group from the phenolic compound and 1H NMR spectra showed that the number of protons of aromatic ring was two hydrogen while the mass spectrometry showed the molecular ion peak at m/z 204 as base peak and absence of peak at (M-41)+ as the indicator of ally eugenol. The addition of DMP at concentration 200 ppm in coconut oil exhibited excellent inhibition of oxidation reaction more than BHT as control positive. The result concluded that 4,6-diallyl-2-methoxyphenol had antioxidant activity on heating of coconut oil at 80oC for 30 day.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DARI DAUN TURI (Sesbania grandiflora Pers) Makalalag, Ardi Kurniawan; Sangi, Meiske S.; Kumaunang, Maureen G.
CHEMISTRY PROGRESS Vol 8, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/cp.8.1.2015.9442

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the class of secondary metabolites contained in turi leaves and determine potential acute toxicity of the ethanol extract of the leaves turi. Stages of the study include testing of phytochemical include alkaloids, triterpenoid/steroid, tannin, flavonoids and saponin tests. Further testing the toxicity of ethanol extracts by the method of BST. Phytochemical analysis results showed that the turi leaves contain saponin and tannin, both on fresh samples as well as on dry samples. Results of testing the toxicity of ethanol extracts of leaves turi generate LC50 values of 119.93 ppm on a fresh sample and 108.16 ppm on dry samples. It was concluded that turi leaves extract having phytochemical components which was toxic characteristic.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam daun turi dan menentukan potensi toksisitas akut dari ekstrak etanol daun turi. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi pengujian fitokimia yang meliputi uji alkaloid, triterpenoid/steroid, tanin, flavonoid dan saponin. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian toksisitas ekstrak etanol dengan metode BST. Hasil analisis fitokimia pada daun turi menunjukan bahwa daun turi mengandung saponin dan tannin, baik pada sampel segar maupun pada sampel kering. Hasil pengujian toksisitas ekstrak etanol daun Turi menghasilkan nilai LC50 sebesar 119,93 ppm pada sampel segar dan 108,16 ppm pada sampel kering. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun turi memiliki fitokimia komponen yang bersifat toksik.

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