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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 35 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus" : 35 Documents clear
The Utilization of Medicinal Plants to Cure Gastrointestinal Disorders by The Dayak Muara Tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency Fathul Yusro; Yeni Mariani; Evy Wardenaar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2638

Abstract

People use medicinal plants to treat various diseases, one of which is gastric disorders. The study aims to analyze the use of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders by the Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency. The sampling method was purposive sampling, with the number of respondents was 10% of the total number of households in Kuala Dua Village (91 respondents). The information regarding the medicinal plants used by the Dayak Muara tribe to overcome gastric disorders such as diarrhea, intestinal worms, nausea and vomiting, constipation, gastric, flatulence, and stomachache was collected. Furthermore, data obtained analyzed for the use-value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua village, Kembayan District, has used 17 species of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders. Curcuma longa is the plant with a high use value or UV (0.96), followed by Psidium guajava (0.89) and Zingiber officinale (0.45). The highest value of informant consensus factor or ICF includes the diseases category of diarrhea (0.98), gastric, stomachache, nausea, and vomiting, each of which has an ICF value (0.96), constipation (0.94), intestinal worms and flatulence (0.88). The plants with the highest fidelity level (FL) are Allium sativum, Cymbopogon citratus and Centella asiatica for gastric (100), Areca catechu for constipation (100), Moringa oleifera, and Theobroma cacao (100) for stomachache.
Isolation and Characterization of Potassium-Solubilizing Bacteria from Two Different Rhizospheres and a Cow Manure in IPB University Dori Kusuma Jaya; Sari Yulia Kartika Hasibuan; Deseriana Bria
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2559

Abstract

Applying PGPB (Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria) as bioinoculant under the excessive and continuous use of chemical fertilizer, pesticide, and herbicide need to be highlighted nowadays. One of the most beneficial PGPB is potassium-solubilizing rhizobacteria. Potassium is one of the elements that plant absorbs in a large amounts along with nitrogen. Soil in various regions of Indonesia have low potassium solubility. Therefore, finding the best novel isolates contributing to potassium solubilization need to be carried out continually. The aim of this study is to find potassium-solubilizing bacteria from two different rhizospheres (banana and chili plant) in Leuwikopo Experimental Garden and a cow manure in Cattle Pen, IPB University. To obtain the potassium-solubilizing isolates, we observed and characterized the best growing isolates and measured the solubilizing zone on Alexandrov agar medium. Three out of 10 isolates were selected and tested their pathogenicity on tobacco leave. Solubilization index of three isolates from the highest to the lowest were MPK P (3.07), MPK KT (3.03), and MPK C (2.63), respectively. Necrotic on tobacco leave after isolates treatment showed negative result which means that the three isolates were not pathogenic to plant host. The isolates are recommended to be used as bioinoculant both in greenhouse and field plants which lack of potassium availability in soil.
Asteraceae Diversity and A New Record For Java at Citalahab Village, Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park Dee Dee Al Farishy; Andi Salamah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2619

Abstract

Asteraceae is the second largest plant family in the world. The family member has reached 227 species in Java. However, there is no current record of wild Asteraceae around local village within Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. This study is to provide current Asteraceae species data and the threat for the conservation area. Explorative method has been conducted in 6 sites. The result shows that there are 20 species found with the tribes composition are 8 Heliantheae, 6 Eupatorieae, 3 Senecioneae, 1 Astereae, 1 Cichorieae, and 1 new record Vernonieae in Java. Key identification for species are provided and the new record has been described. Most species categorized as introduced with several other categorized as invasive alien species. In conclusion, numbers of Asteraceae family has been recorded with some potential ivansive threat in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. Regular population control and treatment are recommended in order to protect native species in the conservation area.
Draft Genome of Lysinibacillus sphaericus Isolate 229C Pathogenic to Vector Mosquitoes Afiannisa Viersanova; Hari Purwanto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2802

Abstract

Lysinibacillus sphaericus is widely known as a bioinsecticide agent because it shows entomopathogenic activity against vector mosquitoes, especially of Culex and Anopheles spp. This bacterium known to have variations in toxicity. Its binary toxins, which is known to have a high toxicity, has a very low genetic variation, so that resistance problems has been reported. Therefore, exploration continues to be carried out to find a new effective and potential toxin to deal with the resistance problems. This study aims to analyze the genome of isolate 229C L. sphaericus, to identify the species of isolate 229C based on the 16S rRNA gene, and to identify toxin characteristics of the 229C isolate based on the results of genome sequence analysis. The 229C isolate was previously obtained from soil sample in Indonesia and showed a high pathogenicity against C. quenquefasciatus. Molecular identification was carried out with the 16S rRNA gene analysis. While draft genome and toxin analysis performed by conducting whole genome sequencing using Illumina Hiseq 2000, 250 bp pair-end protocol. The sequenced data then analized using freely available bioinformatics tools.The results of the molecular identification showed that the closest related species of isolate 229C was L. sphaericus. The isolate 229C has a genome size of 4.65 Mbp and G+C content of 36.83%. Toxin analysis showed that this isolate did not contain Mosquitocidal toxin (Etx/Mtx), binary toxin (Bin protein), crystal toxin (Cry48/Cry49 protein), nor Sphaericolysin genes. However, there are s-layer protein and hemolysin genes that also known to be associated with the toxicity of L. sphaericus to mosquitoes and possibly, are the answer to the problem of resistance to binary toxins. This result opens the opportunity for an analysis of the effectiveness of S-layer protein and Hemolysin against resistance population mosquitoes.
An addition to the alien flora of Java: the first record of adventive Costus dubius (Costaceae) Wendy Achmmad Mustaqim; Eka Setiawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2514

Abstract

More than 6000 plant species, native and introduced, have been recorded in Java that includes the Costaceae family. In the last few years, several additions of alien Costus species have been published from Java. In 2019, a set of specimens of wild Costus sp. was collected from Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, West Java Indonesia. This species is not similar to any previously recorded wild Costus in Java. Therefore, this research aims to identify the collected specimen and provide a taxonomic account for the species. The morphological description was made from the living plant and the collected herbarium. The description was used to identify the species, supported by field notes and photographs. The result showed that the recently collected specimen belongs to Costus dubius. Before this finding, the plant was only known in cultivation in the Bogor Botanical Garden. Therefore, this finding represents the first record of the adventive population of C. dubius in Java and increases the number of wild Costus in Java into seven species. Further researches on Costus in Java are suggested such as the ecological impact due to the presence of several non-native species.
Public Perception on the Existence of Macaca hecki and Macaca tonkeana in Protected Forest and Pangi Binangga Nature Reserve of Central Sulawesi Manap Trianto; Nur Herjayanti; Moh Dahri Kisman; Efendi Efendi; Sandi Fransisco Pratama; Herlangga Adiputra; Sri Hardianti; Agung Dwi Kurniawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2769

Abstract

Wildlife is one of the biological natural resources that can be use it sustainably and sustainably, because wildlife is a natural resource renewable or renewable biological (renewable resources). This study aims to determine public perception of the exixtence of Macaca hecki and Macaca tonkeana in Protected Forest and Pangi Binangga Nature Reserve of Central Sulawesi. This research was carried out along the Palu-Parigi trans road which is in the Protected Forest and Pangi Binangga Nature Reserve, Central Sulawesi Province in April - June 2021. The results showed that presence of endemic Sulawesi macaque (M. hecki and M. tonkeana) along the Palu-Parigi trans road which is in the Protected Forest and Pangi Binangga Nature Reserve area causes various problems such as people experiencing unpleasant events with the presence of macaque, stolen goods, enter into community plantations, and damage various types of agricultural crops (avocado, cloves, cocoa, and several other fruits).
Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based Niswatul Audah; Lalu Japa; M. Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2699

Abstract

Diatom class Bacillariophyceae are world wide distribution and commonly dominated the phytoplankton community. The community of diatom class Bacillariophyceae of the waters Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based (FLB) has never been reported. This study aims to determine the abundance and diversity of diatom class Bacillariophyceae. The sampling sites were determined by using a systematic random sampling method. Data of diatom class Bacillariophyceae were analyzed for species abundance, species diversity index and species dominance index calculations. The results showed, that the abundance of diatom class Bacillariophyceae species were 322.000 ind/L (low category), the species diversity index of diatom class Bacillariophyceae was 2.162 (moderate category), and the species dominance index was 0.138 (none of species dominance).
Density of The Crested Black Macaque (Macaca nigra) and Habitat Quality in Tangkoko, Bitung, North Sulawesi Edyson Maneasa; Suddin Simandjuntak; Yermia Semuel Mokosuli
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2789

Abstract

The Crested black macaque (Macaca nigra) is an endemic species to the Sulawesi Island, limited distribution, and Critically Endangered on the IUCN red list. The population density in the Tangkoko Conservation Forest Management Unit (CFMU) has decreased significantly due to habitat destruction and hunting. Existing data are based on the study in the northern part of Tangkoko. Currently, data from the southern is urgently needed so that population data covers the entire area, including to identify the habitat quality. The aims of this study was to (1) analyze the population density level of Crested black macaque at the Tangkoko CFMU, (2) identify the habitat characterize of Crested black macaque at the Tangkoko CFMU, (3) analyze the correlation between Crested black macaque density and habitat quality at the Tangkoko CFMU. The study was conducted from January to March 2020 in the sothern of Tangkoko CFMU, North Sulawesi. The data collection on the density of Crested black macaque is done by animals directly inventorying through surveys in the field. Observations are carried out by walking at speeds of 1 - 1.5 km / h on each track and stopping at every 100 m to observe the surroundings. Data recorded is the number of individuals found using the line transect method. Vegetation data collection method used is habitat quality data collection carried out by making sample plots measuring 25 m x 25 m for tree level observations in lines with each distance between plots is 250 m. Data recorded for dominance of vegetation are species names, number of individuals, and diameter at breast height of trees. The results showed that (1) the population density level of Crested black macaque was 15 individuals/km2. The highest amount of density is found on the D4 was 72 individu/km2, the lowest on D1, D5, D6, and D7 with no macaques; (2) vegetation analyzed at 45 plots were important value index with the highest value of 86,95 is Ficus variegata on line D7 for tree level, and Theobroma cacao for pole level with highest value of 120,80 on line D4; (3) the correlation between density of Crested black macaque and habitat quality that shows a positive value based on the Pearson correlation test. Further research is needed to determine the relationship between population density, habitat disturbance, and hunting pressure.
Application of Simplex Lattice Design Method on The Optimisation of Deodorant Roll-on Formula of Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Wahida Hajrin; Windah Anugrah Subaidah; Yohanes Juliantoni; Dyke Gita Wirasisya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2717

Abstract

Ashitaba is known to have antioxidant activity and gram-positive antibacterial activity that causes body odor. This is the potential activity for an active substance to be developed as deodorant. The appropriate formula is needed, so it is necessary to optimize the formula using the right method. This study aimed was to determine the application of the simplex lattice design method on the optimization of a deodorant roll-on formula of ashitaba extract. Ashitaba was extracted by the maceration method. The formula optimization design was determined using the simplex lattice design method by Design Expert®7.5.1. The components for optimization were the concentration of carbopol and concentration of TEA, and the optimization parameters were the spreadability test, sticky power, and pH test. The optimum formula of deodorant consists of 0.45% carbopol and 2.05% TEA. The responses of optimum formula obtained spreadability test 6.32 ± 0.33 cm, sticky power 44.67 ± 3.94 seconds, and pH 7.73 ± 0.17. These results meet the criteria for good preparation but need further testing related to the effectiveness of the preparation and the level of acceptance of the preparation by the user.
Characterization of Lignocellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) Putri Dwi Mulyani; Muhammad Rizky Ulil Albab; Yekti Asih Purwestri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2737

Abstract

A total of 10 bacterial isolates have been isolated from the gut of termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) and are known to have the ability to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes consisting of cellulase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase. The enzymatic ability allows these bacteria to be used as a source of new enzymes in the industrial world. However, further research on the character of bacteria to support identification has not been carried out. This study aims to characterize lignocellulolytic bacteria in the gut of termites morphologically and biochemically. Morphological observations were carried out including colony shape, colony edge, colony color, growth type, bacterial cell shape, and gram staining. Meanwhile, the biochemical characterization carried out included glucose fermentation test, indole formation, starch hydrolysis, catalase test, and nitrate reduction. The results showed that ten isolates of lignocellulolytic bacteria from the gut of termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) grew facultatively anaerobic, had almost similar morphological characters, with colony shapes including irregular and filamentous, colony edges in the form of lobate, undulate, and filamentous, and coloration. Colonies are white to yellowish white. The result of gram staining showed that most of the bacteria were gram positive bacteria with coccus and bacillus shaped bacterial cells. Biochemical analysis showed that these bacteria have the ability to ferment glucose, hydrolyze starch, reduce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂ 30%) and reduce nitrate. 

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