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<![CDATA[OPTIMASI HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE DAN CHITOSAN PADA TABLET FLOATING-MUCOADHESIVE SIMETIDIN DENGAN METODE DESAIN FAKTORIAL ]]>
<![CDATA[A., Mohammad Zulfikhar]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurahmanto, Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[R.K.S., Lusia Oktora]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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DOI: 10.51352/jim.v5i2.256
<![CDATA[Cimetidine is an H2 receptor antagonist which can be used to reduce acid secretion in the stomach by inhibiting selective binding of histamine to H2 receptors so that it can reduce the concentration of cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP) which plays a role in the proton pump mechanism. The combination of floating and mucoadhesive systems is used to increase drug retention in the stomach so that it can reduce the drug interval and increase bioavailability of the drug. The purpose of this study was to make floating-mucoadhesive cimetidine tablets using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) as a floating polymer and chitosan as a mucoadhesive polymer. Tablets are expected to have the ability to maintain the dosage form in the stomach for approximately 12 hours. The evaluations carried out included the flow characteristics and the angle repose of the powder mixture, tablet weight uniformity, tablet hardness, tablet friability, floating lag time, floating duration time and tablet mucoadhesive strength. The responses observed were the ability to float and the mucoadhesive strength of tablets. The tablet release test (dissolution) for the optimum formula was performed to determine the character of tablet release. The optimum amount for HPMC is 146,686 mg and chitosan are 50 mg. The combination of polymers with this amount produces a floating lag time of 43,458 seconds, floating duration time >12 hours and the strength of mucoadhesive is 100 grams. The release of the optimum formula in the 720th minute is about 73,180% following the Higuchi release model with dissolution efficiency (DE720) about 67,855%.]]>
<![CDATA[KONSENTRASI HAMBAT MINIMUM (KHM) KADAR EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG BAJAKAH TAMPALA (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI MELALUI METODE SUMURAN ]]>
<![CDATA[Saputera, Mochammad Maulidie Alfiannor]]>;
<![CDATA[Marpaung, Tio Widia Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ayuchecaria, Noverda]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Empirically, one of the plants that are widely used by the Dayak tribe as a medicine is the bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) This plant is claimed to be able to treat several diseases such as abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery. But until now studies on the antibacterial activity of bajakah tampala have never been done. This study studied the antibacterial activity of bajakah ethanol extract against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria and minimum inhibitory value (MIC). This type of research is experimental research. The stem bajakah Tampala looks like it wastaken from the inland forest in Garung Village, Jabiren District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The sample of this study was 70% ethanol extract of bajakah tampala stems obtained by maceration. Extract payment of antibacterial activity using a concentration of 3.12%; 6.25%; 12.5%; 25% and 50%. The positive control used is ampicillin 0.01 mg/ml and negative control using distilled water. Tests are carried out by the well method. The tested data were analyzed statistically by the One-Way ANOVA test method. The results of the study showed that the ethanol extract bajakah tampala could inhibit the growth of E. coli bacteria. The biggest inhibition of E. coli bacteria at a concentration of 50% with an average inhibition diameter of 20.32 mm. included in the category of very strong. The minimum inhibitory concentration of extract batang bajakah tampala is 6.25%]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH VARIASI KONDISI FERMENTASI TERHADAP PRODUKSI METABOLIT ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ISOLAT I5 FUNGI ENDOFIT Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis ]]>
<![CDATA[Ismail, Ismail]]>;
<![CDATA[Megawati, Megawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Ali, Alimuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Ningsih, Fuji Asmiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Endophytic fungi are one of the microorganisms that live in plants and symbiotic with their host plant produce secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the optimum growth profile of endophytic fungus isolated from the leaf of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis namely isolate I5 as antibacterial. The fungus growth profile optimization analyzed by a correlation between fermentation time and mycelium weight, which collected every 24 hours for 15 days. The media were varied at pH conditions of 4, 7, and 8 in each PDYB medium (glucose and fructose substrates). The results showed that isolate I5 grew optimally on the 13th day on the PDYB medium pH 8. Ethyl acetate extract 5% of isolate I5 could inhibit bacteria growth with the largest inhibition zone diameter against Staphylococcus aureus of 9.96 mm (± 0.60) and Escherichia coli of 9.03 mm (± 0.46).]]>
<![CDATA[UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ESKTRAK ETIL ASETAT BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr) TERHADAP STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DENGAN METODE SUMURAN ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdurrazaq, Abdurrazaq]]>;
<![CDATA[Nazarudin, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Dayak onion (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr.) is a multifunctional medicinal plant for various diseases, one of which is an antibacterial. Dayak Onions (E. palmifolia Merr.) contains an alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and saponin compound which has antibacterial properties. This study aims to determine the effect of the ethyl acetate extract of Dayak Onion tubers inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Dayak onion tuber was extracted using ethyl acetate solvent by the maceration method until thick extract was obtained. The concentration extract used were 30 mg/ml;15 mg/ml;7,5 mg/ml;3,75 mg/ml; 1,875 mg/ml; and 0,9375 mg/ml tested for antibacterial effectivity against Staphylococcus aureus using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) with the wells method. The result showed that the ethyl acetate of Dayak onion with MEC (Minimum effective concentration) 3,75 mg/ml obtained inhibition zone of 10,367 mm while at the highest concentration of 30 mg/ml had the best antibacterial effectiveness. The effective concentration of ethyl acetate onion of Dayak tuber which is 30 mg/ml obtained inhibition zone of 18,404 mm even in the moderate category.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PROFILAKSIS PADA PASIEN BEDAH SESAR (SECTIO CAESAREA) DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN TAHUN 2017 ]]>
<![CDATA[Aryzki, Saftia]]>;
<![CDATA[Nisa, Hidayatun]]>;
<![CDATA[Gamaliana, Dian Yunita]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[ Cesarean section (Sectio Caesarea) is an attempt to remove the fetus through surgery on the abdominal wall and uterus. The use of inappropriate prophylactic antibiotics will lead to infection and resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine prophylactic antibiotic use, in cesarean section patients, to know prophylactic antibiotic use in cesarean section patients in accordance with antibiotic use guidelines (PPAB) Ulin Hospital in 2017, to know prophylactic antibiotic use in cesarean section patients in accordance with Permenkes RI Number 2406 / PER / XII / 2011. This research is a non-experimental type of descriptive study retrospectively by taking medical record data of cesarean section patients at Ulin Banjarmasin Hospital in 2017 with saturated sampling method, obtained a population of 99 medical records of cesarean section with a total sample of 99 medical records. The use of prophylactic antibiotics in Ulin Banjarmasin Public Hospital is a class of third generation cephalosporins namely ceftriaxone and cefotaxime with doses of 1-2 grams / day and duration of 3-5 days. Comparison of the percentage of prophylactic antibiotic use with the guidelines for drug use in Ulin Hospital in Banjarmasin in 2017 is the name and class of 100% is appropriate and 0% is not appropriate, the dose is 100% appropriate and 0% is not appropriate, the duration of administration is 69.70% is appropriate and 30.30% is not corresponding. Comparison of the percentage of prophylactic antibiotic use with Permenkes RI Number 2406 / PER / XII / 2011 is the name and class of 0% is appropriate and 100% is not appropriate, the dose is 0% is appropriate and 100% is not appropriate, the duration of giving 0% is appropriate and 100 % it is not in accordance with.]]>
<![CDATA[FORMULASI EKTSTRAK POLIHERBAL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK TULANG CEKER AYAM TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPILOCOCUS AUREUS ]]>
<![CDATA[Santoso, Joko]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurcahyo, Heru]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[The development of traditional plants as herbal medicines continues to be increased, especially in local use. Aloe vera (Aloe vera), bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha) and Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma domestica Val) have compounds that function as antibacterial. Chicken claw bones play a role in accelerating the growth of skin cells, but it also has the potential as an antibacterial. This combination is expected to increase the work of medicinal ingredients in killing bacteria. The work method begins with the selection of herbal ingredients, dry sorting, wet sorting and slicing. Drying the sample using an oven at a temperature of 40 which is then pollinated and sieved with 100 mesh. Before macerated with 70% ethanol solvent 1:10 ratio, the sample was tested microscopically. The extract was made of three formulas and tested for antibacterial activity in Stapilococus aureus bacteria using the well method. The antibacterial activity in formula 1 was 7.1mm, Formula 2 was 8.7mm and formula 3 was 10.2mm. Experiments were also carried out on extracts without collagen extracts with better inhibitory results compared to polyherbal extract combinations of collagen extracts. This research proves that polyherbal extract from chicken claw collagen extract has the ability of antibacterial activity. Formula 3 has the best inhibition compared to formulas 1 and 2.]]>
<![CDATA[SENYAWA KIMIA STEROL DARI KULTUR JARINGAN KELADI TIKUS (Typhonium divaricatum Decne) ]]>
<![CDATA[Sulastri, Lilik]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Partomuan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Keladi tikus (Typhonium divaricatum Decne) is one of Aracaceae family which a plant that?s very popular in Indonesian society because it contains anti-cancer substances. Nowadays, keladi tikus plants have been cultivated in tissue culture widely. The simplicia used in this study was keladi tikus from tissue culture which was separated into the upper part (leaves and petioles) and the bottom (tubers) dried in the sun. Dry simplicia was extracted with methanol at a temperature of 60-70 oC and the methanol extract was partitioned with ethylacetate then with n-BuOH solvents, and all extracts were tested for cytotoxic tests using the Brine Shrimp Lethality test (BSLT) method. The active fraction of ethylacetate extract, which is the tuber parts was carried out by column chromatography (SiO2; i). n-hexane: ethylacetate = 10: 1 ~ 1: 1; ethylacetate; MeOH; ii). n-hexane-ethylacetate = 5: 1) give one pure isolate. The results of identification based on Infrared (IR) spectra, and gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS) are b-sitosterol which LC50 is 76.2 ppm]]>
<![CDATA[FORMULASI DAN UJI KARAKTERISTIK FISIK SEDIAAN PATCH EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KUMIS KUCING (Orthosiphon stamineus) ]]>
<![CDATA[Arifin, Arfiani]]>;
<![CDATA[Iqbal, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Various forms of medicine can provide options for using drugs to the public such as patch. The research purpose was to determine variation concentration of Polyvinylpirolidone (PVP) and Ethyl cellulose (EC) as polymer patch which obtain the best physical characteristics of the Orthosiphon stamineus leaves ethanol extract patch. The ethanol extract of Orthosiphon stamineus leaves was obtained through maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. The extract was formulated in the form of patch using the solvent casting method. The result showed that the best physical characteristics patch formulation was the F3 formula (250 mg of EC and 25 mg of PVP) with organoleptic test (a brownish green color, square shape and characteristic odor), patch humidity ( 3,64%), the average weight uniformity test (0.567 gram ± 0.01) and the patch thickness test (0.375 mm ± 0.02).]]>
<![CDATA[EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK KULIT JERUK NIPIS (Citrus Aurantifolia) TERHADAP DAYA PROTEKSI NYAMUK ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Marjan]]>;
<![CDATA[Adiwanto, Ricky]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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<![CDATA[Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit demam akut yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang masuk ke peredaran darah manusia melalui gigitan nyamuk dari genus Aedes. Sampai saat ini belum ada obat untuk menyembuhkan penyakit DBD, sehingga masyarakat sering panik jika tertular virus dengue. Berbagai cara dilakukan untuk mencegah penularan virus dengue salah satunya adalah dengan penggunaan tanaman sebagai anti nyamuk alami. Penggunaan bahan kimia secara terus menerus, selain berdampak buruk terhadap kesehatan, juga akan membuat nyamuk menjadi resisten. Oleh sebab itu perlu berbagai alternatif obat anti nyamuk yang berasal dari jenis tumbuhan yang salah satunya adalah jeruk nipis. Kulit jeruk nipis mengandung salah satu dari zat penolak nyamuk sehingga dimungkinkan kulit jeruk nipis juga efektif sebagai penolak nyamuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak dari kulit jeruk nipis efektif sebagai daya proteksi nyamuk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan kegiatan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan yaitu A (0%), B (15%), C (30%) D (45%). Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah nyamuk aedes aegipty. Reppelent dianggap efektif apabila daya proteksinya ? 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis pada konsentrasi 15 %, memiliki kemampuan proteksi sebesar 60%. Pada konsentrasi 30% ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis memiliki daya proteksi sebesar 90%. Daya proteksi ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis sangat efektif pada konsentrasi 45 %, karena mempunyai kemampuan proteksi sebesar 98 %. Dengan konsentrasi 98 % ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis sudah dapat dikatakan sebagai repellent anti nyamuk. Semakin besar konsentrasi zat ekstrak kulit jeruk, semakin besar pula daya proteksi yang diperoleh.]]>
<![CDATA[UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT PISANG KEPOK MENTAH SECARA IN VITRO ]]>
<![CDATA[Ariani, Novia]]>;
<![CDATA[Niah, Rakhmadhan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 5 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[jurnal ilmiah manuntung akademi farmasi samarinda ]]>
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DOI: 10.51352/jim.v5i2.270
<![CDATA[The incidence of infections in the gastrointestinal tract is increasing every year. Some bacteria that often cause infections in the gastrointestinal tract are Salmonella typhi, which is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever, and Shigella dysenteriae which is a bacterium that causes dysentery. Handling of infection can only be done by using antibiotics. Improper use of antibiotics can lead to resistance, so it is necessary to look for alternative treatments that come from nature to overcome resistance levels. One of them is raw Kepok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca formatypica) which has secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, where these compounds have many antibacterial activities unknown to the public. This research was an experimental research. The extraction method was using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Antibacterial activity test for Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae was using diffusion method therefore the wells were divided into 7 treatment groups, namely extract concentration 0.3125%; 0.625%; 1.25%; 2.5%; 5.0%; positive control (Chloramphenicol dose 30 mg / ml for Salmonella typhi, Ciprofloxacin dose 100 mg / ml for Shigella dysenteriae), and negative control (ethanol 96%). The diameter of the inhibitory zone formed was then measured using a caliper. From the results of the research that has been done, it was found that the ethanol extract of raw Kepok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) had inhibitory effect on the growth of Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae bacteria with the highest inhibition zone diameter of 11.36 mm and the lowest 6.45 mm for Salmonella typhi, and the highest inhibition zone for Shigella dysenteriae was 17.99 mm and the lowest was 15.13 mm. The minimum concentration of banana skin ethanol extract which had inhibitory power was 0.3125%.]]>
