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Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology)
Published by Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia
ISSN : 16930339     EISSN : 25798634     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32491
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Aims and Scope Aims: Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) aims to publish original research results on fishes (pisces) in fresh, brackish and sea waters including biology, physiology, and ecology, and their application in the fields of fishing, aquaculture, fisheries management, and conservation. Scope: This journal publishes high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects Aquaculture, Fish biodiversity, Fisheries management, Fish diseases, Fishery biotecnology, Moleculer genetics, Fish health management, Fish biodiversity.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 420 Documents
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Reproductive biology of striped snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) in Lake Rawa Pening, Central Java Djumanto Djumanto; Atik Murjiyanti; Nuravida Azlina; Aisyah Nurulitaerka; Anissa Dwiramdhani
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i3.450

Abstract

The striped snakehead (Channa striata Bloch, 1793) is the top predator fish found in Lake Rawa Pening and other freshwaters. Its population was declining due to very high fishing pressures, habitat quality decreases, and other fac-tors. The aim of this study was to examine the condition factor and fecundity of snakehead in Lake Rawa Pening. Fish sampling was carried out monthly from October 2017 to August 2018, using fish fence made from bamboo blinds operated by local fishermen. Total length, individual body weight, stage of gonadal maturity (MS), gonadal weight, and oocytes diameter of fish samples were measured. Fish condition factor, gonado somatic index (GSI), oocyte diameter, fecundity, and the size of first maturity of fish were determined. There were 409 individuals snakehead fish collected consisting of 138 females and 271 males. Fish length ranged from 234-646 mm (males) and 242-648 mm (females). The average of the condition factor (K) of male ranged from 0.778 to 0.923, while in female ranged from 0.826 to 0.929. The relationship between the length-weight of male and female was isometric. The percentage of female snakehead that reached MS I; II; III; IV was 15.6; 27.0; 37.4; 20.0%, respectively. The GSI ranged from 1.52 to 3.54. Oocyte diameter ranged from 0.5 to 1.7 mm with an average of 1.2 mm. Fecundity ranged from 2,843-23,230 eggs with an average of 9,167 eggs. The female snakehead was predicted to reach the first sexual maturity at a total length of 315 mm. Abstrak Ikan gabus (Channa striata Bloch, 1793) merupakan ikan predator puncak yang ditemukan di Danau Rawa Pening dan perairan tawar lainnya. Keberadaan populasinya semakin menurun disebabkan oleh tekanan penangkapan yang sangat tinggi, kualitas habitat semakin menurun, dan oleh faktor lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji faktor kondisi dan reproduksi ikan gabus di Danau Rawa Pening. Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan setiap bulan dari Oktober 2017 hingga Agustus 2018 menggunakan perangkap yang terbuat dari kirai bambu dan jaring. Ikan gabus yang dikumpulkan sebanyak 409 ekor yang terdiri atas 138 betina dan 271 jantan. Panjang ikan contoh berkisar antara 234-646 mm (jantan) dan 242-648 mm (betina). Parameter yang diukur meliputi panjang total, bobot individu, tingkat kematangan gonad, berat gonad, dan diameter oosit. Faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, fekunditas, dan ukuran pertama matang gonad ditentukan. Faktor kondisi rata-rata pada ikan jantan berkisar antara 0,778 hingga 0,923; sedangkan ikan betina berkisar antara 0,826-0,929. Hubungan panjang-bobot ikan jantan dan betina adalah isometrik. Persentase ikan gabus betina yang mencapai TKG I; II; III; IV masing-masing adalah 15,6; 27,0; 37,4; 20,0% dengan indeks kematangan gonad berkisar antara 1,52 hingga 3,54. Ukuran diameter oosit berkisar antara 0,5 hingga 1,7 mm dengan rata-rata 1,2 mm. Adapun fekunditas berkisar antara 2.843-23.230 telur dengan rata-rata 9.167 telur. Ukuran ikan gabus betina saat kali pertama dewasa seksual diperkirakan pada panjang total 315 mm.
Cold temperature shock tetraploidization of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) with different of temperature and age of zygote Alfis Syahril; Odang Carman; Dinar Tri Soelistyowati
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v20i1.454

Abstract

Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) has a relatively slow growth, so the operational cost of production is high and incomparable with the selling price, thus makes the cultivation of striped catfish is inefficient. Genetic quality improvement through polyploidization is to produce sterile triploid fish (3n) that can overcome this problem. The provision of triploid fish is more efficient through tetraploidization. Tetraploidization in striped catfish using cold shock treatment has never been done before. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum tetra-ploidization condition using cold shock with temperature and different age of zygote in striped catfish. A completely randomized factorial design with two treatments i.e. three level of temperatures (8oC, 12°C, 16oC ) and two different ages of zygote (29 and 31 minutes after fertilisation-maf) and three replications was used. In addition, a control without applying temperature shock treatment was performed, Soaking process was conducted for 30 minutes. Tetraploid identification was done by calculating the maximum total of nucleoli per cell that was confirmed by calculating the total of chromosome. The results showed that the degree of hatching rate and abnormalities has a significantly different effect (P <0.05). Number of nucleoli per cell was 4 and chromosomes was 112 (4n=112) for tetraploid), whereas for diploid fish the maximum number of nucleoli per cell was 2 and the number of chromosomes was 56 (2n=56). The highest tetraploid percentage was obtained at a treatment of 12oC at age of zygote 29 maf. Thus, the optimum condition of tetraploidization in striped catfish is using cold shock treatment of 12oC with the age of zygote of 29 maf. Abstrak Ikan patin siam (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) memiliki pertumbuhan yang relatif lambat sehingga biaya operasional produksi tinggi tidak sebanding dengan rendahnya harga jual yang mengakibatkan budidaya ikan patin siam tidak efisien. Perbaikan mutu genetik melalui poliploidisasi yaitu untuk menghasilkan ikan triploid (3n) yang bersifat steril dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut. Penyediaan ikan triploid lebih efisien melalui tetraploidisasi. Tetraploidisasi pada ikan patin siam menggunakan perlakuan kejutan dingin belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum tetraploidisasi menggunakan kejutan dingin dengan suhu dan umur zigot berbeda pada ikan patin siam. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan, yaitu suhu 8oC, 12oC,16oC dan umur zigot 29 dan 31 msf (menit setelah fertilisasi) dengan perendaman selama 30 menit dan satu perlakuan kontrol (tanpa pemberian kejutan suhu). Identifikasi tetraploid dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah maksimum nukleolus per sel yang dikonfirmasi dengan penghitungan jumlah kromosom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat penetasan dan abnormalitas berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Hasil pengamatan pada ikan tetraploid diperoleh jumlah maksimum nukleoli adalah 4 per sel dan jumlah kromosom yaitu 112 (4n=112), sedangkan pada ikan diploid adalah 2 per sel dan jumlah kromosom yaitu 56 (2n=56). Persentase tetraploid tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan suhu 12oC umur zigot 29 msf. Disimpulkan bahwa kondisi optimum tetraploidisasi pada ikan patin siam menggunakan kejutan dingin pada suhu 12oC dengan umur zigot 29 msf.
Trussmorphometric and meristic characters of kelabau fish (Osteochilus melanopleurus Bleeker, 1852) from three populations in Kampar, Siak, and Rokan Rivers, Riau Province Nur Asiah; Sukendi Sukendi; Junianto Junianto; Ayi Yustiati; Windarti Windarti
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i2.462

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand the morphometric and the meristic characters of the kelabau fish from the Siak, Kampar, and Rokan river populations that could be used as an initial step forconservation. A total of 113 kelabau from Kampar River, 58 fish from the Siak River and84 fishfrom the Rokan River was used in this study. Measurement of 21 morphological characters was conducted using a morphometric truss method. The analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA and Discriminant Function Analysis ( SPSS software). Meristiccharacteristics were analyzed descriptively for 30 fish per population. Results indicates that among 21 morphometrical characteristics, 19 characters shown a significant different (P <0.05) and 2 characters were not significantly different (P> 0.05). This result indicates that fish population from all sampling areas shown similar characteristics. The discriminant analysis results show that the specific characters of the O. melanopleurus were A5, A2, A6, B1and D4. Scatterplot results indicate that the Rokan River population was separate from the Siak and Kampar River populations, and the morphology of the fish from the Rokan River population was slightly different from those of the Siak and Kampar River population. The meristic characteristics of fish obtained from all sampling areas were relatively similar. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi karakter morfometrik dan meristik ikan kelabau dari Sungai Kampar (Desa Pelalawan), Sungai Siak (Desa Kota Garo Kecematan Tapung Hilir), dan Sungai Rokan (Desa Sekapas Dusun Kualu Angau) yang dapat digunakan sebagai langkah awal konservasi. Sebanyak 113 sampel ikan kelabau dari Sungai Kampar, 58 ikan dari Sungai Siak, dan 84 ikan dari Sungai Rokan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengukuran 21 karakter morfologi dengan metode truss morfometrik. Analisis dilakukan dengan Analisis Varian Satu Arah (ANOVA) dan Analisis Fungsi Diskriminan (DFA) dengan perangkat lunak SPSS.. Karakter meristik dianalisis secara deskriptif pada 30 sampel setiap populasi. Hasil uji signifikansi terhadap 21 karakter yang diuji, 19 karakter berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dan 2 karakter yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05), mengindikasikan semua populasi memiliki karakter yang sama. Hasil analisis diskriminan menunjukkan karakter yang menjadi pembeda A5, A2, A6, B1, dan D4. Berdasarkan fungsi persebaran yang mengelompokkan populasi Rokan terpisah dari Siak dan Kampar, dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakter morfometrik populasi ikan kelabau di Sungai Rokan berbeda. Sebaliknya populasi ikan kelabau di Sungai Siak dan Kampar memiliki karakter yang sama. Karakter meristik tiga populasi Sungai Siak, Kampar dan Rokan relatif sama.
Dietary free glutamine supplementation to increase physiological responses and survival rate of clown loach juvenile, Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker, 1852 Siti Murniasih; Dedi Jusadi; Mia Setiawati; Sri Nuryati
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i3.466

Abstract

Clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus is one of Indonesian native species and as a key species for ornamental aquaculture. The problem in mass production of this species are the low of growth rate which causes a long period of rearing and low of survival rate. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate free glutamine supplementation at different doses in diet to increase physiological response, growth performance and survival rate of clown loach. Expe-rimental diets contained four different free glutamine levels, viz 0, 1, 2 and 3%. These diets were given to six repli-cate groups of 50 juvenile clown loaches. The fish were reared in each aquarium with dimensions of 40×30×30 cm3 for 60 days. Fish were fed four times a day at satiation. Parameters observed including intestinal glutamine concen-tration, villous and intestinal morphometry, intestinal protease activity, feed efficiency, nutrient retention, growth performance, survival rate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that supplementation of 1% free glutamine significantly affected the morphometry of villi. The length and surface area of villi at a dose of 1% showed the highest values i.e., 320.44 ± 10.39 μm and 27,046.79 ± 250.54 μm2, respect-ively. The 1% dose also had a significant effect on protease activity (13.57 ± 1.92 mg units of protein-1) compared to the 0% dose. The 2% dose showed the highest SOD activity (0.82 ± 0.07 mg protein-1 unit) and the lowest MDA level was found at a dose of 3% (0.25 ± 0.02 nmol mg protein-1). Feed consumption with the supplementation of free glutamine has a significant effect on survival rate with the highest value reached 97.00 ± 1.00%, but no significant effect on intestinal morphometry, feed efficiency, nutrient retention and growth performance. Dietary with the sup-plementation of free glutamine is not able to improve growth performance, but can improve the physiological res-ponse and survival rate. Abstrak Ikan botia merupakan salah satu spesies asli Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam budi daya ikan ini adalah pertumbuhan yang lambat dan sintasan yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penambahan glutamin bebas de-ngan beberapa level dosis pada pakan terhadap respons fisiologis, kinerja pertumbuhan, dan sintasan ikan botia. Pene-litian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, terdiri atas empat perlakuan dengan enam ulangan. Perlakuan berupa penambahan glutamin bebas pada pakan komersial dengan dosis berbeda yaitu 0, 1, 2, dan 3%. Ikan uji yang diguna-kan adalah yuwana ikan botia umur 40 hari, dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 40x30x30cm3 sebanyak 24 unit dengan padat tebar 50 ekor per akuarium. Pakan diberikan selama 60 hari dengan frekuensi pemberian empat kali se-hari secara at satiation. Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsentrasi glutamin usus, morfometri vili dan usus, aktivi-tas protease usus, efisiensi pakan, retensi nutrien, pertumbuhan, sintasan, aktivitas superoxide dismutase (SOD), serta malon-dialdehyde (MDA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan glutamin bebas 1% menunjukkan nilai paling tinggi untuk parameter panjang dan luas permukaan vili yaitu 320,44±10,39 µm dan 27.046,79±250,54 µm2. Dosis 1% menghasilkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas protease (13,57±1,92 unit mg protein-1) dibandingkan dosis 0%. Perlakuan dosis 2% menunjukkan aktivitas SOD (0,82±0,07 unit mg protein-1) paling tinggi, sedangkan ka-dar MDA paling rendah terdapat pada dosis 3% (0,25±0,02 nmol mg protein-1). Konsumsi pakan dengan penambahan glutamin bebas berpengaruh nyata terhadap sintasan dengan nilai tertinggi 97,00±1,00%, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap morfometri usus, efisiensi pakan, retensi nutrien, dan pertumbuhan. Penambahan glutamin bebas da-lam pakan belum mampu meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan, namun mampu meningkatkan respons fisiologis dan sintasan ikan botia.
Performance of the third generation striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878 as results of the selection for bodyweight character in Freshwater Aquaculture Fisheries Center, Sungai Gelam, Jambi Irwan Irwan; Dinar Tri Soelistyowati; Odang Carman; Ronny Rachman Noor
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i3.469

Abstract

Selective breeding of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878) has been conducted at BPBAT Sungai Gelam to produce a growth line with mass selection method. Until 2018, the selective breeding program has produced three generations. Therefore, it was necessary to evaluate the performance of the third generation growth line (G3Ps) at the reproductive, seed and grow-out phase compared to the second generation the base population (G2Ds). A total of 10 pairs of broodstock (G3Ps and G2Ds) were spawned then the seeds were raised for 120 days in the media with regular water exchange (first treatment: T1) and without water exchange (second treatment: T2). The results showed that the number of eggs per gram of G3Ps (1600±124 eggs g-1) was significantly different from G2Ds (1490±101 eggs g-1). The bodyweight of G3Ps seeds at aged 40 days larger than G2Ds with selection response is 32.25%, while survival and feed efficiency were not significantly different. At the grow-out phase, between treat-ments were not significantly different and there was no interaction between lines and treatments for all the characters measured (p>0.05). The bodyweight of G3Ps was larger than the G2Ds with response selection 18.41% in T1 and 42.6% in T2. The control used was the base population so that the selection response obtained was an accumulation of three generations. Thus the selection response per generation was 6.14% in T1 and 14.20% in T2 measured at 162 days from hatching. It can be concluded that there is an improvement in the character of bodyweight for the third generation of growth line (G3Ps) as results of the selection at BPBAT Sungai Gelam both in good (T1) and bad environment (T2). Abstrak Seleksi ikan patin siam (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878) telah dilakukan di BPBAT Sungai Gelam untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dengan metode seleksi individu. Sampai tahun 2018, seleksi tersebut telah meng-hasilkan tiga generasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa generasi ketiga galur pertumbuhan (G3Ps) pada tahap reproduksi, pertumbuhan benih, dan ukuran konsumsi dibandingkan dengan populasi dasar gene-rasi kedua (G2Ds). Sebanyak 10 pasang induk G3Ps dan G2Ds dipijahkan kemudian benih yang dihasilkan dibesarkan selama 120 hari pada media dengan pergantian air secara berkala (perlakuan pertama: T1) dan tanpa pergantian air (perlakuan kedua: T2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah telur per gram adalah 1600±124 butir pada G3Ps, berbeda nyata dengan G2Ds yaitu 1490±101 butir. Benih G3Ps umur 40 hari memiliki bobot tubuh lebih besar diban-dingkan G2Ds dengan respons seleksi sebesar 32,25%, sedangkan sintasan dan efisiensi pakan tidak berbeda nyata. Pada tahap pembesaran ukuran konsumsi, antar perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata dan tidak ada interaksi antargalur dan perlakuan untuk karakter bobot tubuh, panjang baku, sintasan dan efisiensi pakan (p>0,05). Karakter bobot tubuh G3Ps lebih besar dibandingkan dengan G2Ds dengan respons seleksi total untuk tiga generasi sebesar 18,41% pada T1 dan 42,6% pada T2. Dengan demikian respons seleksi per generasi sebesar 6,14% pada T1 dan 14,20% pada T2 yang diukur pada umur 162 hari dari menetas. Disimpulkan bahwa terjadi perbaikan pada karakter bobot tubuh untuk galur pertumbuhan generasi ketiga (G3Ps) hasil program seleksi di BPBAT Sungai Gelam baik pada lingkungan baik (T1) maupun lingkungan buruk (T2).
Diversity, potentiality, and conservation status of fish fauna in the upper Mahakam’s tributaries, East Kalimantan Jusmaldi Jusmaldi; Nova Hariani; Norbeta Doq
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i3.471

Abstract

Diversity, potentiality and conservation status of fish fauna in upper Mahakam’s tributaries of east Kalimantan is unknown. The purposes of this study were to analysis species diversity, determine potentiality and conservation status of fish fauna in upper Mahakam’s tributaries, east Kalimantan. Fish sampling with purposive method was conducted in four tributaries, i.e Tepai River, Pahangai River, Danum Parai River, and Meraseh River for one month. Fishes were collected by several gears type. The results of this research showed that the total number of fish caught was 820 individuals; consist of 26 species, 7 families, and 4 orders. The Cyprinidae was the most dominant family found in all tributaries. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index in four tributaries were varied and ranging from 1.749-2.087. The highest fish diversity was recorded at Maraseh River followed by Pahangai River, Danum Parai River, and Tepai River. The low fish diversity was discovered at Tepai River may be due to differences in substrate type, water velocity, and water depth as compared to the Maraseh River, Pahangai River, Danum Parai River. The fish species similarity coefficient between four tributaries ranged from 0.606-0.842 and the highest dissimilarity was found between Tepai River and Danum Parai River. Almost all fishes categorized as edible fish for local consumption. Syncrossus hymenophysa and Gastromyzon lepidogaster have potential as ornamental fish. Regarding IUCN red list status, six fish species were grouped into least concern status, two species as data deficient, one species as near threatened, one species as endangered species and 16 other species were not on the list. Abstrak Keanekaragaman, potensi, dan status konservasi fauna ikan di anak Sungai Mahakam Hulu, Kalimantan Timur belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap tingkat keanekaragaman spesies dan mengidentifikasi potensi serta status konservasi fauna ikan di anak Sungai Mahakam hulu, Kalimantan Timur. Pengambilan contoh ikan dila-kukan di empat anak sungai, meliputi Sungai Tepai, Sungai Pahangai, Sungai Danum Parai, dan Sungai Meraseh sela-ma satu bulan dengan menggunakan berbagai alat tangkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total ikan yang tertangkap sebanyak 820 individu, terdiri atas 26 spesies, 7 famili, dan 4 ordo. Famili Cyprinidae adalah paling dominan ditemu-kan di semua anak sungai. Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener pada empat anak sungai bervariasi dan berkisar antara 1,749-2,087. Keanekaragaman ikan tertinggi tercatat di Sungai Maraseh diikuti oleh Sungai Pahangai, Sungai Danum Parai, dan Sungai Tepai. Keanekaragaman ikan terendah di Sungai Tepai diduga disebabkan oleh perbedaan tipe substrat, kecepatan air, dan kedalaman air dibandingkan dengan Sungai Maraseh, Sungai Pahangai, Sungai Da-num Parai. Koefisien kesamaan spesies ikan antar empat anak sungai berkisar 0,606–0,842 dan terendah ditemukan antara Sungai Tepai dan Sungai Danum Parai. Sebagian besar spesies ikan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat lokal se-bagai ikan konsumsi. Spesies Syncrossus hymenophysa dan Gastromyzon lepidogaster berpotensi sebagai ikan hias. Berdasarkan status daftar merah IUCN ditemukan enam spesies berisiko rendah, dua spesies kurang data, satu spesies hampir terancam, satu spesies terancam dan sebanyak 16 spesies tidak ditemukan dalam daftar.
Performance of three generations of Asian redtail catfish Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840) domestication result of nursery phase one Irin Iriana Kusmini; Deni Radona
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i2.476

Abstract

In order to the success of domestication programs of Asian redtail catfish is necessary to evaluate the level of change in each generation produced. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of growth and survival rate on three populations from each generation spawned of Asian redtail catfish (G-1, G-2 and G-3). The study was conducted experimentally used completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications from May to July 2017. The origin of the post larvae of Asian redtail catfish was the modified seeds from mass spawning of Asian redtail catfish of Cirata population. G-1 was the population resulted from the spawning of the oldest broodstock, G-2 was a population resulted from spawning of the first generation broodstock and G-3 was the resulted from spawning of the second generation broodstock. Spawning process was conducted in the same time. The age of the seeds was one week old after hatching with total length of 0.8-1.0 cm and body weight of 0.0082 ± 0.0001 g. The Asian redtail catfish seeds were reared in the aquarium with dimension of 70 cm 50 cm x 40 cm and equipped with recirculation system. Each aquarium was stocked seed with a density of 2,000 individual 100 L-1 of water. During rearing process (15 days), fish were fed at satiation with frequency of three times per day. Feed was adjusted to mouth opening of larvae. Initially, larvae on 1 to 7 days of rearing process were fed with artemia and after that fed with tubifex. The result showed that the highest growth and survival rate performance (P<0.05) were obtained in Asian redtail catfish seed (G-3) with a value of 1.64 ± 0.02 cm and 53.42 ± 8.86%, respectively. Postlarvae of Asian redtail catfish from third generaton of domesticated (G-3) can increase fish productivity. Abstrak Dalam mendukung keberhasilan program domestikasi ikan baung perlu dilakukan evaluasi tingkat perubahan setiap generasi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan dan sintasan tiga populasi hasil pemijahan setiap generasi (G-1, G-2 dan G-3) ikan baung. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2017. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tiga perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Pascalarva ikan baung berasal dari hasil pemijahan tiga generasi (G-1, G-2 dan G-3) ikan baung populasi Cirata. G-1 merupakan populasi hasil pemijahan induk tertua (induk pembentuk), G-2 merupakan populasi hasil pemijahan dari induk generasi pertama dan G-3 merupakan populasi hasil pemijahan dari induk generasi kedua. Proses pemijahan dilakukan dalam waktu yang sama. Pascalarva ikan baung yang digunakan berumur satu minggu setelah penetasan, berukuran panjang 0,8-1,0 cm dan bobot rata-rata 0,0082 ± 0,0001 g. Pascalarva ikan baung dipelihara pada akuarium berukuran 70 cm x 50 cm x 40 cm dan dilengkapi sistem resirkulasi. Setiap akuarium ditebar pascalarva dengan kepadatan 2000 ekor/100 L air. Selama 15 hari pemeliharaan, pascalarva ikan baung diberi pakan sekenyang-kenyangnya dengan frekuensi tiga kali sehari. Pakan yang diberikan disesuaikan dengan bukaan mulut pascalarva ikan baung, pada 1-7 hari pemeliharaan diberi pakan berupa artemia dan selanjutnya diberi pakan berupa cacing tubifex. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performa pertumbuhan panjang dan sintasan tertinggi (P<0,05) diperoleh pada pascalarva ikan baung G-3 dengan nilai 1,64 ± 0,02 cm dan 53,42 ± 8,86%. Pascalarva ikan baung G-3 hasil domestikasi mampu meningkatkan nilai produktivitas.
Maintenance of local snakehead postlarva Channa sp. on different containers in domestication framework Fazril Saputra; Mahendra Mahendra
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i2.477

Abstract

Provision of local snakehead fish supply (Channa sp.) is come from nature. If demand for local snakehead fish increases then the exploitation rate of this fish in nature will be excessive. It will cause the fish population in nature to decline. Domestication is an effort to prevent the delining of fish population. The aim of this study was to ensure that snakehead from the Arongan Lambalek Area, West Aceh Regency can survive, grow and develop in various cultivation containers, therefore can be cultivated by local communities. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with three treatments of cultivation containers and three replications. The treatment was an aquarium container (P1), fiber container (P2), and tarpaulin container (P3). The size of snakehead fish used in this study had an average length of 2.72 cm and weight of 0.17 g. The results showed that the survival rate and the highest weighting value were found in the aquarium container treatment (P1), while the growth of fish length was found in the fiber (P2) . This study showed that domestication of the local snakehead fish in Arongan Lambalek, West Aceh was successfully carried out and the aquarium is the best container for rearing the domesticated local snakehead fish larvae. Abstrak Penyediaan pasokan ikan gabus lokal (Channa sp.) selama ini berasal dari alam. Jika pemintaan ikan gabus lokal me-ningkat maka laju eksploitasi ikan gabus lokal di alam akan berlebih yang pada akhirnya dapat menyebabkan popula-sinya semakin berkurang. Domestikasi merupakan upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertu-juan agar pascalarva ikan gabus lokal dari daerah Arongan Lambalek, Kabupaten Aceh Barat dapat tetap hidup, dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dalam berbagai wadah budi daya sehingga dapat dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan wadah budi daya dan masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah wadah akuarium (P1), wadah fiber (P2), dan wadah terpal (P3). Ukuran ikan gabus yang digu-nakan pada penelitian memiliki rata-rata panjang 2,72 cm dan bobot 0,17 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai sintasan dan nilai pertambahan bobot tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan wadah akuarium, sementara pertambahan panjang tertinggi terdapat pada wadah fiber. Hasil penelitian menampilkan bahwa bahwa domestikasi pascalarva ikan gabus lokal Arongan Lambalek, Aceh Barat berhasil dilakukan dan wadah akuarium merupakan wadah terbaik untuk memelihara pascalarva ikan gabus hasil domestikasi.
Effectivity of Streptococcus agalactiae bacterial vaccine with different coatings for increasing the immunity system on nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ricko Reynalta; Munti Yuhana; Angela Mariana Lusiastuti
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i2.478

Abstract

Vaccination is one of the most effective control measure in preventing Streptococcus agalactiae infection. In this study, vaccine coatings were prepared with certain biomaterials such as chitosan, skim milk, and maltodextrin at concentration 1 % or 10 %, and further freeze-dried. Vaccine selected (in vitro) by tests: viability cell, solubility, protein concentration and protein molecular weight. The result of in vitro test showed that chitosan coating at doses 1 % and 10 % were the best in solubility and protein concentration test. Vaccine coated with chitosan was administrated again by injection (in vivo) in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) before challenged by S. agalactiae. This test consists of six treatments and three replications, i.e. the fish were injected with liquid vaccine (A), Phospat Buffered Saline (PBS) (B), vaccine with chitosan coating 1 % (C), vaccine with chitosan coating 10 % (D), chitosan 1 % (E), and chitosan 10 % (F). Parameters were observed including survival rate, relative percent survival (RPS), antibody titre, and total leucocyte. The results showed that treatment C showed a significant difference (P < 0,05) in survival rate 92.22 ± 3.85 %, RPS 85.21 ± 7.20 %, and antibody titre highest result, but not significant (P > 0,05) to increase total leukocyte in experimental fish against S. agalactiae infection. In conclusion, vaccine freeze dry with chitosan coated 1 % is effective to improve immunity system of nile tilapia. Abstrak Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu tindakan paling efektif dalam pencegahan infeksi Streptococcus agalactiae. Pada penelitian ini, vaksin disalut dengan bahan biomaterial (kitosan, susu skim, dan maltodekstrin) dengan dosis 1% atau 10%, dan dikeringbekukan. Seleksi vaksin dilakukan secara in vitro dengan melihat uji viabilitas sel, kelarutan, kon-sentrasi protein, dan berat molekul protein. Hasil seleksi menunjukkan bahwa vaksin dengan penyalut kitosan 1% dan 10% berada pada urutan kedua terbaik pada uji kelarutan dan konsentrasi protein. Vaksin yang disalut kitosan diuji-kan kembali secara in vivo melalui injeksi pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) sebelum diuji tantang dengan bakte-ri S. agalactiae. Uji (in vivo) terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yakni perlakuan ikan diinjeksi dengan vaksin cair (A), Phosphat Buffered Saline (PBS) (B), vaksin yang disalut kitosan 1% (C), vaksin yang disalut kitosan 10% (D), kitosan 1% (E), dan kitosan 10% (F). Parameter yang diamati meliputi nilai sintasan, relative percent survival (RPS), titer antibodi, dan total leukosit. Hasil penelitian perlakuan C menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata (P < 0,05) dengan nilai sintasan 92,22 ± 3,85%, RPS 85,21 ± 7,20%, dan titer antibodi C juga menunjukkan hasil paling tinggi, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata (P > 0,05) untuk meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dalam percobaan melawan infeksi bakteri S. agalactiae. Dengan demikian, vaksin kering beku yang disalut kitosan 1% efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja imunitas ikan nila.
Supplementation of corn oil Ω-6 fatty acids in feed for reproduction performance of threadfin rainbowfish Iriatherina werneri Meinken, 1974 Rahmadani Rahmadani; Mia Setiawati; Dinar Tri Soelistyowati
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v19i2.479

Abstract

Rainbow fish (Iriatherina werneri) is a type of partial spawner fish with the little number of eggs production. The high contain of essential fatty acid (Linoleic acid 18:2 Ω-6) in corn oil was widely used as a source of fatty acid in the broodstock feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional of LA fatty acid in feed for reproduction performance of rainbow fish. This study used a complete random design consists of three treatments and six replicates with different doses of corn oil LA in feed, Ω-6 0%, Ω-6 1%, and Ω-6 2%. Rainbow fish broodstock as sampel test with body weight 0.10-0.18g for females 0.21 ± 0.001 g, were kept separately in each tanks (size 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm) with density 15 fish per tanks. Broodstock were given diet three times daily at 08:00 am, 12:00 am and 17:00 pm by at satiation. The trial feed was administrated for 30 days before conducted the mass spawning for seven days with ratio of the male and female broodstock was 1:3. The results showed that treatment without supplementation of Ω-6 corn oil performed highest number of eggs 290 ± 125, hatching rate 55,99 ± 14,80%, survival rate 8,43% and the proportion of vitellogenic cell was more dominant, but the best of larval performance was observed in tretament of Ω-6 1% of highest larval length 3.00 mm and 100% percentage of normal larvae. It can be concluded that the supplementation of 1 % the Ω-6 fatty acid corn oil in the feed to produce reproductive performance was supported by the results of the histology of the eggs and larvae of the best performance in rainbowfish. Abstrak Ikan pelangi (Iriatherina werneri) tergolong jenis ikan pemijah bertahap dengan jumlah telur yang dihasilkan relatif sedikit. Kandungan asam lemak esensial linoleat (18:2Ω-6) yang tinggi dalam minyak jagung banyak digunakan sebagai sumber asam lemak pada pakan induk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penambahan asam lemak linoleat Ω-6 minyak jagung dalam pakan terhadap kinerja reproduksi ikan pelangi. Penelitian menggunakan rancang-an acak lengkap yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yaitu dosis penambahan asam lemak Ω-6 minyak jagung dalam pakan n-6 0%, n-6 1% dan n-6 2%. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah induk ikan pelangi betina dengan kisaran bobot 0,10-0,18 g dan induk jantan 0,21±0,001g, dipelihara secara terpisah di akuarium berukuran 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm dengan padat tebar 15 ekor per akuarium. Ikan diberi pakan uji dengan frekuensi tiga kali dalam sehari yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 12.00 dan 17.00 secara at satiation. Pakan perlakuan diberikan selama 30 hari kemudian dilakukan pemijahan secara massal selama tujuh hari dengan perbandingan induk jantan dan betina 1:3. Hasil pene-litian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanpa penambahan Ω-6 minyak jagung menghasilkan jumlah telur 290±125 butir, derajat penetasan telur 55,99±14,80%, sintasan 8,43% tertinggi serta proporsi vitellogenic cell yang lebih dominan, namun performa larva terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan Ω-6 1% dari panjang larva tertinggi 3,00 mm dan persentasi larva normal 100%. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan 1% asam lemak Ω-6 minyak jagung dalam pakan menghasilkan performa reproduksi yang didukung oleh hasil histologi telur serta performa larva yang terbaik pada ikan pelangi.

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