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Media Iuris
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26215225     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Media Iuris E-ISSN (2621-5225) is an open-access-peer-reviewed legal journal affiliated with the Faculty of Law of Airlangga University, which was published for the first time in 2018 in the online version. The purpose of this journal is as a forum for legal scholars, lawyers and practitioners to contribute their ideas to be widely disseminated for the development of legal science in Indonesia. This journal is published three times a year in February, June and October. Scope of articles ranging from legal issues in the fields of business law, constitutional law, administrative law, criminal law, international law, comparative law, and other legal fields.
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS" : 10 Documents clear
IMO’s Guidelines on Particular Sensitive Sea Areas toward the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage Dhiana Puspitawati; Rangga Vandy Wardana
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.38306

Abstract

As an international organization established with the aim of improving maritime safety and security of international shipping, IMO sets up various guideline in assuring the establishment of international shipping. One of the those guidelines is the Guidelines for the Identification and designation of Particular Sensitive Areas (PSSAs). This article aims to analyse whether it is possible that the in situ of underwater cultural heritage can be included as PSSAs. This way would implied restrictions to international shipping in order to protect and preserve underwater cultural heritage. This research conducted through legal analyses of relevant legal documents. The method used in this paper is normative legal research with in-depth literature studies. This paper argued that while it is possible to include in situ location of underwater cultural heritage as PSSAs, however, conflicting interpretation between national and international law as well as disputes between States are imminent. Thus, IMO should play decisive role in properly co-ordinated and decide which marine areas requires restrictions in relation to the protection and preservation of underwater cultural heritage. The restrictions to international shipping with regard to the protection and preservation of underwater cultural heritage should not in any way prevent other legitimate uses of the sea as envisages under the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC), especially on the freedom of navigation regimes. Thus co-operation and communication between IMO, other international organization and coastal State is crucial.
Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS): Tantangan dan Peluang Kemaritiman Masa Depan Taufik Rachmat Nugraha; Arfin Sudirman; Yaries Mahardika Putro; Ridha Aditya Nugraha
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.38307

Abstract

AbstractMaritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are considered the promising future of maritime transport. MASS technology is safer and more effective in tackling current maritime issues, such as vessel collisions and accidents. MASS has a wide array of spectrum such as environmental spectrum, MASS could decrease marine accidents that result mostly from human error factors and commonly, those accidents have endangered the maritime environment and biotas. Ship accidents commonly occur in this region and result in immense oil pollution, and more than 60% is linked to human error factors. Furthermore, replacing the human decision approach with a technology such as appears in MASS on the fourth category is believed will reduce this kind of accident since the third category will be controlled by remote and the fourth will controlled by Artificial Intelligence (AI). This kind of technology commonly depends on Satellite communication in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO), which must be secure for global MASS navigation to prevent mishaps leading to another environmental catastrophe. On the other hand, the ceasing of seaman onboard intervention will likely cause a new issue regarding the jurisdiction enforcement from the coastal states. Finally, this article will scrutinise the MASS operation’s prospects and challenges in the Future. AbstrakMaritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) memiliki masa depan yang cukup menjanjikan. Teknologi MASS diklaim memiliki tingkat keamanan dan keselamatan yang lebih memadai, khususnya jika dikaitkan dengan masalah-masalah maritim seperti tabrakan kapal, kecelakaan kapal dan juga isu lingkungan laut. Dalam perspektif lingkungan, MASS diyakini dapat menurunkan angka kecelakaan kapal yang berimplikasi pada penurunan jumlah pencemaran bahan-bahan berbahaya ke laut sebagai hasil dari sebuah aksiden kapal laut, yang pada umumnya disebabkan oleh kelalaian fatal dari kru kapal sebesar 60%, yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan biota laut di kawasan sekitar tempat terjadinya kecelakaan. Peniadaan keputusan oleh manusia diatas kapal pada MASS kategori empat dipercaya dapat menurunkan risiko kecelakaan kapal karena pada kategori ini kapal sepenuhnya akan dikontrol melalui penggunaan kecerdasan buatan. Namun, secara umum penerapan teknologi tersebut memiliki tantangan tersendiri yakni terjaminnya konektivitas internet secara simultan dengan menggunakan teknologi satelit Orbit Bumi Rendah atau LEO, yang harus sesegera mungkin diatur untuk memastikan keamanan pengoperasionalan MASS agar tidak terjadi kecelakaan MASS yang akan berakibat fatal pada lingkungan laut. Masalah selanjutnya terkait MASS, peniadaan kru kapal pada MASS kategori tiga dan empat akan menimbulkan tantangan tersendiri bagi negara pantai. Artikel ini akan membahas tantangan dan peluang pengoperasionalan MASS di masa depan.
Urgensi Pengaturan Terhadap Marine Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) dalam Pertanggungjawaban Pengangkutan Bahan Berbahaya Muhammad Aqil Kamaluddin
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.38320

Abstract

AbstractThe era of globalization has encouraged developments in various sectors, including shipping. There is one emerging shipping technology, namely Marine Autonomous Surface Ships or MASS. Sheetal from the use of MASS, the development of this technology is not yet with a legal umbrella that explains the operation of MASS. Arrangements regarding MASS are needed to provide liability for what happens to the party if an event results in a loss in transportation using MASS. Furthermore, in the case of MASS transportation itself is engaged in the transportation of hazardous materials, then with the existence of a legal umbrella that provides safety for this responsibility, it can create transportation that ensures the safety and success of every party involved. AbstrakEra globalisasi mendorong perkembangan di berbagai sektor, termasuk pelayaran. Terdapat salah satu teknologi pelayaran yang muncul, yaitu Marine Autonomous Surface Ships atau MASS. Terlepas dari penggunaan MASS, perkembangan teknologi ini belum diimbangi dengan adanya payung hukum yang jelas atas pengoperasian MASS. Pengaturan mengenai MASS diperlukan untuk memberikan kejelasan pertanggungjawaban terhadap para pihak apabila terjadi peristiwa yang mengakibatkan kerugian dalam pengangkutan menggunakan MASS. Terlebih lanjut dalam hal pengangkutan MASS ini sendiri bergerak dalam bidang pengangkutan bahan berbahaya, maka dengan adanya payung hukum yang memberikan kejelasan terhadap pertanggungjawaban tersebut, maka dapat terciptanya pengangkutan yang menjamin keselamatan dan keberhasilan setiap pihak yang terlibat.
Formulasi Dewan Tripartit Industri Maritim dan Ratifikasi Konvensi International Labour Organization Nomor 188 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pekerjaan Dalam Penangkapan Ikan Nadiya Nurmaya; Bima Prakoso
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.38321

Abstract

AbstractProtecting the Indonesian Fisheries Crews (ABK) is an urgent matter considering that the government has not been optimal in providing protection so far. This situation can be momentum to clarify the rights of the Indonesian Fisheries Crews (ABK). This study aimed to determine the extent of the government’s efforts in protecting Indonesian Fisheries Crews (ABK). The research method used in this study was normative juridical with the types of statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicated that the Law on Protection and Placement of Indonesian Workers, the Law on the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers, and Regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Number 35/PERMEN-KP/2015 have not explicitly regulated the special protection for Indonesian Fisheries Crews. On the other hand, the weak supervision of the manning agency as a recruitment agency that initiated the occurrence of human rights violations in Indonesian Fisheries Crews has made Indonesian Fisheries Crews feel that their rights have not been optimally protected. Thus, the phenomenon of the high number of cases of modern slavery practices has become the task of the government to repair several existing mechanisms and instruments of legislation. AbstrakPemberian perlindungan terhadap para ABK Perikanan Indonesia merupakan hal yang mendesak mengingat sejauh ini pemerintah masih belum optimal dalam memberikan perlindungan. Keadaan ini dapat menjadi momentum untuk memperjelas hak para ABK Perikanan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan jenis pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Penempatan Tenaga Kerja Indonesai, Undang-Undang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia, dan PERMEN Nomor 35/PERMEN-KP/2015 belum mengatur secara eksplisit mengenai perlindungan khusus bagi ABK Perikanan Indonesia. Disisi lain, lemahnya pengawasan terhadap manning agency sebagai biro agen perekrutan yang mengawali terjadinya pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia pada ABK Perikanan Indonesia membuat para ABK Perikanan Indonesia merasa hak-haknya belum secara optimal dilindungi. Dengan demikian, fenomena tingginya jumlah kasus praktik modern slavery sampai saat ini menjadi tugas bagi pemerintah untuk melakukan reparasi beberapa mekanisme dan instrument peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada.
Maritime Law Subject in Indonesian Law Faculty Curriculum: Supporting Indonesia’s Maritime Industry Development I Ketut Dharma Putra Yoga; Krisnady Kesumadiksa
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.38322

Abstract

AbstractThis paper examines whether the inclusion of maritime law subject in the curriculum of the Indonesian faculty of law is necessary for the expansion of the maritime industry. This paper describes how education can positively influence the long-term growth of the maritime industry in Indonesia. The method used in this research is normative legal research. Basically, in accordance with the Indonesian Vision 2045, a cultural and structural maritime reformation must be implemented for the nation to become a maritime leader; one of the strategies for achieving this goal is to improve the quality of human resources through formal education with a solid curriculum. The result of this research showed that through teaching and academic research, the presence of maritime law will have a significant impact on the Indonesian maritime industry. Additionally, the presence of maritime law and research institutes will result in the reform of maritime regulations to make them more effective and business-friendly, so that the policymakers and business actors in Indonesia have strong academic partners with which to resolve maritime issues that have arisen or will arise in Indonesia through the formation of admiralty court in Indonesia.
Dampak Pergeseran Wilayah Akibat Naiknya Permukaan Laut dan Dampakya Bagi Navigasi Enny Narwati; Dina Sunyowati; R. Yahdi Ramadani
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.41983

Abstract

AbstractRising sea levels are caused by climate change and global warming which is characterized by an increase in air temperature, especially the earth’s atmosphere. Rising sea levels can cause accretion or erosion of a country which causes a shift in the boundaries of the coastal state. This natural phenomenon becomes a problem in determining the baseline of the coastal state territory because international law of the sea has not specifically regulated the shift in the boundaries of the coastal state due to climate change and global warming. This study examines the legal consequences of shifting state sea boundaries due to climate change according to international law and the rights of third countries to shifting state sea boundaries due to climate change. A third State may advise the coastal State to update baselines and maps of areas lost due to rising sea levels to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. This action can provide benefits for all parties, especially disadvantaged countries or ship owners to experience the Freedom of Navigation in the renewed territory. AbstrakNaiknya permukaan laut disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global yang ditandai dengan peningkatan suhu udara atmosfer bumi. Naiknya permukaan laut dapat mengakibatkan akresi ataupun erosi suatu negara yang menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran batas wilayah negara pantai. Fenomena alam tersebut menjadi permasalahan terhadap penetapan garis pangkal wilayah negara pantai dikarenakan hukum laut internasional belum mengatur secara khusus mengenai pergeseran batas wilayah negara pantai akibat perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global. Penelitian ini mengkaji akibat hukum pergeseran batas wilayah laut negara akibat perubahan iklim menurut hukum internasional dan hak negara ketiga terhadap pergeseran batas wilayah laut negara akibat perubahan iklim. Negara ketiga dapat menyarankan kepada negara pantai untuk memperbarui garis pangkal dan peta wilayah yang hilang akibat naiknya permukaan laut kepada Sekretaris Jendral Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Tindakan tersebut dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi semua pihak terutama negara-negara yang kurang beruntung ataupun negara pemilik kapal untuk merasakan Freedom of Navigation diwilayah yang telah diperbarui.
Diplomasi Maritim Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Indonesia Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia: Harapan dan Tantangan lina hastuti
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.42235

Abstract

AbstractAt the East Asia Summit in Naypyidaw, Myanmar, on November 13, 2014, President Joko Widodo conveyed the idea of Indonesia as a world maritime axis. The world’s maritime axis is intended as a strategic idea that is realized to ensure inter-island connectivity, develop the shipping and fishing industries, improve sea transportation, and focus on maritime security. This is consistent with Indonesia’s strategic location between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, where the two oceans serve as global trade crossing lanes that power the global economy. Bearing in mind that Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world and there is such a large amount of marine wealth, it is a valuable asset for the Indonesian people, so it is an ideal combination in relation to national interests, both domestically and abroad. Furthermore, to realize the above vision, at the Summit in Myanmar, the President also said that there are five pillars, one of which is maritime diplomacy. Through maritime diplomacy, serious efforts and hard work are needed, because apart from the advantages that have become Indonesia’s strengths, there are also various things that have the potential to become obstacles, which will be a challenge for Indonesia to make it happen. This research will focus on the study of the meaning of the world’s maritime axis and maritime diplomacy as a means of realizing it, and at the same time will briefly discuss the advantages and challenges that exist. AbstrakPada Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Asia Timur, di Naypyidaw Myanmar pada tanggal 13 November 2014, Presiden Joko Widodo menyampaikan gagasan Indonesia sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia. Poros maritim dunia dimaksudkan sebagai sebuah gagasan strategis yang diwujudkan untuk menjamin konektivitas antar pulau, pengembangan industri perkapalan dan perikanan, perbaikan transportasi laut serta fokus pada keamanan maritim. Hal ini sesuai dengan Indonesia sebagai negara yang menempati posisi strategis diantara Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik, dimana kedua Samudera tersebut merupakan jalur perlintasan perdagangan global yang menjadi penggerak roda ekonomi dunia. Mengingat juga Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia serta terdapatnya kekayaan laut yang demikian besarnya merupakan aset yang berharga bagi bangsa Indonesia, sehingga merupakan kombinasi yang ideal dalam kaitannya dengan kepentingan nasional, baik ke dalam negeri maupun keluar. Selanjutnya untuk mewujudkan visi di atas, pada Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi di Myanmar Presiden juga menyampaikan terdapat lima pilar, dimana salah satu pilarnya adalah diplomasi maritim. Melalui diplomasi maritim, diperlukan upaya yang sungguh-sungguh dan kerja keras, karena selain keuntungan yang sudah menjadi kekuatan Indonesai, juga terdapat berbagai hal yang berpotensi menjadi hambatan, yang akan menjadi tantangan bagi Indonesia dalam mewujudkannya. Dalam penelitian ini akan dititikberatkan pada kajian mengenai makna poros maritim dunia, diplomasi maritim sebagai sarana mewujudkan dan sekaligus akan dibahas singkat keuntungan dan tantangan yang ada.
Tantangan Hukum dalam Pemanfaatan Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) A Indah Camelia; Athyra Elmilla
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i1SpecialIssue.42296

Abstract

Technology development in the maritime industry led to the point where we now have unmanned ships run by automated systems. Therefore, (unmanned) crewless ships that were once only science fiction become real. Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) have existed since world war two, and they develop by then. The existence of Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) has opened doors to new opportunities and enormous economic benefits for the maritime industry. Even though it will be run in automatic mode, the ship will still be monitored on land by the Shore Control Centre (SCC). This research will describe the aspects of definition, practice, the rule of law, and the use of MASS for seafarers and the maritime industry in general. While maritime regulation has not anticipated this magnitude before, thus not yet fully prepared to accommodate partially or fully automated ships. Consequently, A maritime legal regime still needs to ensure that MASS is safe and can be used sustainably.
Front Matter Volume 5 No. 1 Special Issue, December 2022 Front Matter
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Front Matter Volume 5 No. 1 Special Issue, December 2022
Back Matter Volume 5 No. 1 Special Issue, December 2022 Back Matter
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 1SpecialIssue (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Back Matter Volume 5 No. 1 Special Issue, December 2022

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