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Urgensi Pengaturan Keamanan Maritim Nasional di Indonesia Puspitawati, Dhiana; Kristiyanto, Kristiyanto
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 24, No 1 (2017): June
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Located between two continents and two oceans, Indonesia is vulnerable to various transnational crimes. Hence, the concept of maritime security emerged. This paper focuses on three crucial matters, maritime delimitation, IUU Fishing as well as piracy and armed robbery at sea. This research aims to analyze the urgency of national maritime security legal framework in Indonesia. This research uses normative method with statute approach and comparative approach. It is submitted that although regional dan international cooperation is important to address maritime threats, national legal instrument is also necessary. Unfortunately, Indonesia still does not have comprehensive national legal instrument in place. Thus, it is argued that Indonesia should formulate specific policy and national legal frameworks in addressing maritime threats completed with certain measures for each threats as well as point out which institutions competent in handling each threats.

INDONESIAN SALVAGE LAW WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF CONTEMPORARY MARITIME LAW Puspitawati, Dhiana
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Law and Globalization
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Located in a strategic position, that is between two great oceans and two land masses have made Indonesia a centre of international trade and shipping. In fact, 90% of international trades are carried out through the ocean. It is therefore crucial to assure that the activities in carrying goods across the ocean are incident free. However, if accident happens, assistance from professionals to preserve items of property is desirable. In such, salvage law emerged. This paper discusses comprehensively Indonesian salvage law within the framework of contemporary maritime law. While Indonesian maritime law is mostly based on its national law on the carriage of goods by the sea, in fact, the development of maritime law is highly affected by international practices which are largely based on international conventions and regulations.This research finds that while Indonesian salvage law can be found in Book II Chapter VII article 545-568k Wetboek Van Koophandel or known as Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Dagang (KUHD), which focused narrowly on the value of salved property as the primary measures of success, yet Indonesian salvage law has not been developed in accordance with current international salvage law, which adopted a broader and more balanced approached in both commercial and environmental aspects.Although it is believed that such approached is â€œculturally unrecognizedâ€ in Indonesia, this research argued that since Indonesian waters are part of international waters, all process by waters including salvage should confirm the relevant international practices and regulations. While Indonesia has taken out salvage law from KUHD and regulates it within Act Number 17/2008 on navigation, however, such act only provides one article for salvage stating that salvage will be regulates further by Ministry Regulation. Untill this paper was written no such government regulation produced yet by Indonesia. Since Indonesian waters is the centre of international navigational routes, this paper argued that it is an urgent need for Indonesia to have appropriate salvage law in place, so it can develop dinamically from shipping practice and confirm with international regulations in salvage.Â Keywords: salvage law, maritime law, commercial and environmental.

IMPLIKASI YURIDIS PERJANJIAN PERKAWINAN YANG DIBUAT SELAMA DALAM IKATAN PERKAWINAN TERHADAP UTANG BERSAMA PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 69/PUU-XIII/2015 Putri, Priesty Yustika; Djatmika, Prija; Puspitawati, Dhiana
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 26, No 1 (2018): Maret
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Under the provisions of Article 29 of Law Number 1 Year 1974 on Marriage, a marriage agreement may only be made before or at the time of marriage. However, after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015, marriage agreements may also be made during the period of marriage ties. The making of this marriage agreement certainly affects the joint property of husband and wife obtained in the marriage period before the marriage agreement is made. Including if the couple also has a debt together. This then raises problems related to debt settlement. The purpose of this study is to determine the juridical implications of marriage agreements made during the marriage bonds to the joint debt post-Decision of the Constitutional Court. This research is classified as normative juridical research using the concept of law and conceptual. The results of the study show that after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015, which stipulates that a marriage agreement may be made during the period of marriage bonds related to the responsibility of the joint debt repayment arising prior to the marriage agreement, the settlement may be contracted as per the second agreement the husband and wife. This is because there are no rules that prohibit the existence of such clauses to be set forth in the marriage agreement. However, if a marriage agreement in which the settlement of the joint debt will result in harm to a third party then the marriage agreement is not allowed, as regulated in Article 29 paragraph (4) Act 1/1974.

REPOSISI POLITIK HUKUM PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN TERTIB HUKUM DI INDONESIA Puspitawati, Dhiana; Kusumaningrum, Adi
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 22, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.2015.0060.258-273

In Indonesia, here is no exact politic and legal system regarding the application of International Treaty within national legal system. Article 11 of Indonesian Constitution 1945 merely envisages the division of authority between President and Parliament in ratifying international treaty, however, such article does not state clearly Indonesiaâ€™s legal politics concerning the application of international treaty within national legal system. The lack of clarification on Indonesiaâ€™s legal and political system in such area raises problems in the application of international treaty domestically. This research is aimed to:Â (1) analyses Indonesiaâ€™s legal politic concerning the application of international treaty towards Indonesian Constitution 1945 as well as other legal instruments; (2) analyses legal implications of international treaty upon Indonesiaâ€™s national interests and; (3) propose concept on legal politic regarding the application of international treaty in Indonesia. Since legal politic is crucial in supporting which law should be implemented towards stateâ€™s national goal, it is important to clarify Indonesiaâ€™s legal politic concerning the implementation of international treaty. As stated by Hans Kelsen, that as the application of the rule of law, a state should eliminate existing inconsistency and overlaps of its laws.

Law Enforcement at Indonesian Waters: Bakamla vs. Sea and Coast Guard Puspitawati, Dhiana; Hadiyantina, Shinta; Susanto, Fransisca Ayulistya; Apriyanti, Nurul
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This paper aims to analyze Indonesian laws regarding law enforcement in Indonesian waters. Specifically, it analyzes the authority of Badan Keamanan Laut (BAKAMLA) and Indonesian Sea and Coast Guard under the Indonesian Act Number 32 the Year 2014 on the Ocean Affairs Act and Indonesian Act Number 17 the Year 2008 on Navigation Act, respectively. It is argued that the state’s sovereignty over the ocean differs from the state’s sovereignty over the land territory. This is because according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982), the state’s ocean territory is divided into various maritime zones, over which different regimes applied. It is submitted that the farther ocean space is from the land territory, the sovereignty of the coastal state is lessened. Thus, different treatment, especially concerning law enforcement is needed this paper recommends a model for law enforcement at sea, which considers different regimes over different maritime zones as provided within the UNCLOS 1982. It is submitted that while it is fine to have more than one institution having the authority of law enforcement at sea, the extent of such authorization should be clarified.

Indonesia’s Archipelagic State Status: Current Development Puspitawati, Dhiana
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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A crucial, almost revolutionary, development in the international law of the sea was the recognition of archipelagic state principles within the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (LOSC). The essential features of archipelagic state principle laid down by Part IV of LOSC include permission to draw straight archipelagic baselines around the outermost points of the outermost islands of archipelagos; and the recognition of the new and distinct legal regime of archipelagic water for the waters thus enclosed of a nature designed to accommodate the interests of maritime user states, that are states which carry out certain activities, including navigation, in the water areas falling under the jurisdiction of archipelagic states. Since this principle has been Indonesian national philosophical outlook even before the adoption of LOSC and provided within Article 25 (a) of the Indonesian Constitutions, it is submitted that all Indonesian national legislations related to ocean affairs should be based on the archipelagic state principles. This study looks at the legal application of archipelagic state principles in Indonesia within the framework of contemporary ocean governance principles. This paper argued that current development on Indonesian law of the sea as well as ocean governance shows less commitment to archipelagic state principles. Thus, it is submitted that archipelagic state principles should be re-stored as the basis of all ocean related legislations and governance.

Urgent Need for National Maritime Security Arrangement in Indonesia: Towards Global Maritime Fulcrum Puspitawati, Dhiana
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Under President Joko Widodo’s administration, Indonesia’s archipelagic outlook has been re-asserted as the basis of Indonesia’s foreign policy, by introducing the concept of Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF). GMF is aimed put Indonesia as a single maritime power with considerable diplomatic influence in becoming a central role in two vast maritime regions. The implementation requires the maintenance of three key areas national sovereignty, maritime security and regional stability. While the scope of maritime threats has been broaden, the establishment of maritime security should encompasses at least three key areas, namely settling unresolved maritime border with neighboring countries; combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing as well as other illegal exploitation of ocean resources; and combating maritime piracy and armed robbery at sea. Unfortunately those are the biggest problems Indonesia has over security and stability of Indonesia’s maritime. Such problems are mainly due to the lack of national maritime security arrangement. The existing national legal frameworks in maritime security issues are still very sectoral in nature. In addition, inconsistency between existing domestic legal framework with international legal framework, and a non-updated existing legal framework raised problems with regard to the law enforcement at sea. This paper analyses Indonesia’s current sectoral legal framework on maritime security towards the achievement of GMF. It is argued that in maintaining national sovereignty, maritime security and regional stability, single national maritime security arrangement is needed.

IMPLIKASI YURIDIS PERJANJIAN PERKAWINAN YANG DIBUAT SELAMA DALAM IKATAN PERKAWINAN TERHADAP UTANG BERSAMA PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 69/PUU-XIII/2015 Priesty Yustika Putri; Prija Djatmika; Dhiana Puspitawati
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 26 No. 1 (2018): Maret
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Under the provisions of Article 29 of Law Number 1 Year 1974 on Marriage, a marriage agreement may only be made before or at the time of marriage. However, after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015, marriage agreements may also be made during the period of marriage ties. The making of this marriage agreement certainly affects the joint property of husband and wife obtained in the marriage period before the marriage agreement is made. Including if the couple also has a debt together. This then raises problems related to debt settlement. The purpose of this study is to determine the juridical implications of marriage agreements made during the marriage bonds to the joint debt post-Decision of the Constitutional Court. This research is classified as normative juridical research using the concept of law and conceptual. The results of the study show that after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015, which stipulates that a marriage agreement may be made during the period of marriage bonds related to the responsibility of the joint debt repayment arising prior to the marriage agreement, the settlement may be contracted as per the second agreement the husband and wife. This is because there are no rules that prohibit the existence of such clauses to be set forth in the marriage agreement. However, if a marriage agreement in which the settlement of the joint debt will result in harm to a third party then the marriage agreement is not allowed, as regulated in Article 29 paragraph (4) Act 1/1974.

Ketahanan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Di Kawasan Ekowisata Bahari Dusun Sendangbiru, Desa Tambakrejo, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur Nuddin Harahab; Zaenal Fanani; Dhiana Puspitawati; Abdullah Said
Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional Vol 26, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkn.53372

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sistem pengelolaan sumberdaya alam pesisir untuk ekowisata; menganalisis keterkaitan antara pengelolaan ekowisata bahari dengan ketahanan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir; dan menganalisis perkembangan perekonomian dan kemakmuran masyarakat pesisir yang dilihat dari empat komponen, yakni kesehatan, pendidikan, pengeluaran perkapita dan pemukiman. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan maksud untuk memahami fenomena tentang pengelolaan ekowisata bahari dan keterkaitannya dengan ketahanan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan model dari Miles, et al., yang disebut Analisis Data Model Interaktif, yang meliputi: kondensasi data (data condensation), penyajian data (data display), dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi (conclusion: drawing/verifying). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengelolaan sumberdaya alam pesisir untuk ekowisata bahari yang dilakukan oleh Yayasan Bhakti Alam Sendangbiru, dengan trade mark CMC (Clungup Mangrove Conservation), termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan menjalankan prinsip ekowisata yaitu konservasi, partisipasi, rekreasi dan edukasi, ekonomi, dan control. Pengelolaan ekowisata bahari yang dilakukan oleh Yayasan Bhakti Alam Sendangbiru, memberikan manfaat bagi ketersediaan stok ikan yang ada di laut, meskipun masih ada sebagian orang yang belum mengakui manfaat dari konservasi hutan mangrove terhadap produktivitas perikanan tangkap. Perkembangan perekonomian dan kemakmuran apabila dilihat dari empat komponen, yakni kesehatan, pendidikan, pengeluaran perkapita dan pemukiman dapat disimpulkan dalam kondisi baik.

Reformulasi Pengaturan Penambangan Bawah Laut di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia Dhiana Puspitawati; Teddy Minahasa Putra; Rangga Vandy Wardana
Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) Vol 10 No 4 (2021)
Publisher : University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMHU.2021.v10.i04.p05

Ocean is the largest place where natural resources can be found. With the continuing decrease of land resources, nations are now lying their hopes to the ocean in providing more natural resources. As the largest archipelagic state in the world, Indonesia is blessed with rich ocean resources. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) provides comprehensive provisions in ocean usage, and principally divides ocean space into various maritime zones, which include zones under national jurisdiction and beyond national jurisdiction. Furthermore, with regard to ocean mining, coastal states should also regulate nationally their ocean mining both on waters under their jurisdiction and beyond their jurisdiction. This research focuses on ocean mining in the ocean space within national jurisdiction of Indonesia. Using normative method, this research finds that although there has been Mining Act in Indonesia, however, provisions on ocean mining needs to be reformulated. While there has been Presidential Regulation which regulates ocean sand mining, it is argued that ocean resources not only consist of sand. Thus, this research recommends reformulation of national regulations on Mining that is to include ocean mining; and distinguish between ocean mining in ocean within and outside national jurisdiction. In addition, it should also provides for and clustering other ocean resources and not only limited to ocean sand mining. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) membagi wilayah laut kedalam zona-zona maritim lengkap dengan ketentuan tentang hak dan kewajiban negara pantai dan negara pengguna, pada masing-masing zona maritime tersebut. Berkaitan dengan penambangan bawah laut, tentu saja jika dilakukan di wilayah territorial Indonesia, maka Indonesia mempunyai kedaulatan penuh dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya laut yang terkandung di dalamnya. Dengan menggunakan metode yurisdis normatif, tulisan ini akan menganalisa apakah pengaturan penambangan bawah laut di Indonesia telah membedakan antara wilayah perairan dan wilayah diluar yurisdiksi Indonesia. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa meskipun Indonesia sudah mempunyai hukum nasional tentang penambangan, khususnya tentang mineral dan batubara, akan tetapi belum secara eksplisit mengatur tentang eksplorasi dan eksploitasi sumber daya mineral di laut; dan belum memisahkan antara wilayah perairan didalam dan di luar yurisdiksi nasional Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini merekomendasikan reformulasi pengaturan penambangan bawah laut di wilayah perairan Indonesia. Pengaturan penambangan bawah laut di wilayah perairan Indonesia juga harus mengatur penggolongan (klasterisasi) sumber daya mineral di wilayah perairan Indonesia.

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