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Contact Name
Reni Ambarwati
Contact Email
reniambarwati@unesa.ac.id
Phone
+6281231173525
Journal Mail Official
sainsmatematika@unesa.ac.id
Editorial Address
Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Gedung D1 Kampus UNESA Ketintang Surabaya Kode Pos 60213 E-mail: sainsmatematika@unesa.ac.id Telp : 031-8280009
Location
Kota surabaya,
Jawa timur
INDONESIA
Sains & Matematika
ISSN : 23027290     EISSN : 25461835     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Jurnal ini menerbitkan artikel asli hasil penelitian di bidang biologi, fisika, kimia, dan matematika. Redaksi hanya menerima naskah asli yang belum pernah dipublikasikan dan tidak sedang dalam proses penerbitan di jurnal lain. Naskah dapat ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia, sesuai dengan ejaan yang baik dan benar atau bahasa Inggris yang baik dan benar.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 188 Documents
KARAKTERISTIK TRANSMITANSI DAN ABSORBANSI KOMPOSIT EPOKSI/TIO2 SEBAGAI BAHAN ANTI ULTRAVIOLET Kusumawati, Diah Hari; Rachmawati, Dian Ayu
Sains & Matematika Vol 5, No 2 (2017): April, Sains & Matematika
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Nanopartikel TiO2 (titanium dioksida) telah banyak diteliti dan digunakan dalam aplikasi kehidupan sehari-hari, diantaranya sebagai bahan anti ultraviolet.  Karakteristik dari TiO2 selain mampu mentransmisikan Ultraviolet juga dapat mendegradasikan polutan organik menjadi air maupun karbondioksida. Namun titanium dioksida memerlukan material lain agar dapat diaplikasikan sebagai bahan anti UV, salah satunya adalah bahan perekat, dalam hal ini digunakan epoksi DGEBA.  Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasi titanium dioksida yang berfungsi sebagai filler pada komposit epoksi/TiO2 dan menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan transmitansi dan absorbansi gelombang ultraviolet.  Karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah FTIR, UV-Vis dan pengukuran sudut kontak.  Hasil penelitian dengan variasi titanium dioksida 0,01-0,05 gram didalam epoksi diperoleh pola serapan Ti-O, Ti milik TiO2 dan O milik Epoksi DGEBA terletak pada 970,23 cm-1, transmitansi optimum sebesar 21% pada penambahan massa TiO2 sebanyak 0,03 gram. Hasil karakterisasi UV-Vis diperoleh absorbansi optimum pada 3,934, dan komposit termasuk dalam bahan hidrofilik dengan sudut kontak 30º-90º sehingga komposit epoksi/TiO2 bisa digunakan sebagai bahan anti debu (fogging) dan self cleaning.TiO2 nanoparticles (titanium dioxide) have been widely studied and used in everyday life applications, including as an anti-ultraviolet material. The characteristics of TiO2 besides being able to transmit Ultraviolet can also degrade organic pollutants into water and carbon dioxide. However, titanium dioxide requires other materials to be applied as an anti-UV material, one of which is an adhesive, in this case DGEBA epoxy is used. The study was carried out by varying titanium dioxide which functions as a filler in epoxy/TiO2 composites and analyzing its effect on the transmittance and absorbance ability of ultraviolet waves. Characterization performed was FTIR, UV-Vis and contact angle measurements. The results of research with variations of titanium dioxide 0.01-0.05 grams in the epoxy obtained the absorption pattern of Ti-O, Ti-owned TiO2 and O-owned Epoxy DGEBA located at 970.23 cm-1, the most optimum transmittance of 21% on the addition of TiO2 mass 0.03 gram. UV-Vis characterization results obtained optimum absorbance at 3,934, and composites included in hydrophilic material with a contact angle of 30º-90º so that the composite epoxy/TiO2 can be used as an anti-dust material (fogging) and self cleaning.
SIFAT MEKANIK BETON POLIMER EPOKSI DENGAN PENGISI PARTIKEL NANOKALSIT-SILIKA Putri, Nugrahani Primary; Kusumawati, Diah Hari; Rohmawati, Lydia
Sains & Matematika Vol 2, No 2 (2014): April, Sains & Matematika
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Polymer concrete environmentally friendly by utilizing the waste has been developed, one with waste mussel shells and sidoarjomud. Utilization of the waste is not optimal, for it to be used as filler in polymer concrete waste will be expected to have a highereconomic value. This research aimed to utilize the waste of cockle's shells and sidoarjo mud as filler of polymer concrete. Both waste firstsynthesized into nano particles by taking calcite and silica alone (mussel shells into nanocalsite and sidoarjo mud into nanosilica), beforebeing used as a filler. Once formed nanocalsite and nanosilica, composites with epoxy resin matrix and filler nanocalsite and nanosilicacreated by varying the percentage weight of each filler 5-10% by weight. Then the characterization was conducted in the form of tensiletest, hardness, bending and impact test. The test results showed that the resulting polymer concrete has physical properties, mechanical,thermal and microscopic good and has an optimum value at 10% filler calcite + 10% silica, which is 218.39 MPa compressive strength,tensile strength of 3.32 MPa, a strong fracture of 8.04 MPa and hardness values ranged from 16.08 to 18.3 HVN. Overall the resultshave met the standards for the characterization of polymer concrete.
KAJIAN SITOMORFOLOGI DAUN KEMBANG KERTAS (ZINNIA ELEGANS) YANG DIINDUKSI KOLKISINA Tamam, M. Badrut; Handayani, Niken S. N.; Purwantoro, Aziz
Sains & Matematika Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Sel epidermis daun kembang kertas (Zinnia elegans) memiliki bentuk polihedral. Formasi pembentukan pavement cell dikendalikan oleh mikrotubula dan filamen aktin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh induksi kolkisina terhadap sitomorfologi daun kembang kertas. Konsentrasi perlakuan kolkisina yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni 0,01% dengan waktu lama perendaman yang berbeda. Biji kembang kertas diperlakukan dengan periode perendaman yang terdiri dari 0 jam (kontrol), 12 jam, 24 jam, 36 jam, dan 48 jam. Karakter morfologi dan anatomi yang diteliti adalah lebar dan panjang daun, bentuk pavement cell, serta lebar dan panjang stomata. Analisis sitologis dilakukan dengan menggunakan flowcytometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kolkisina meningkatkan varian lebar dan panjang daun dan stomata jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Analisis sitologis dengan menggunakan fl owcytometry menunjukkan tidak adanya poliplodi namun puncak perhitungan sel mengalami penurunan. Perendaman dengan menggunakan kolkisina 0,01% mempengaruhi karakter sitomorfologi daun kembang kertas. Epidermal cells of dahlia fl owered (Zinnia elegans) leaves are polyhedral shape. The formation of pavement cell has been considered to be controlled by microtubule and/or actin fi lament organization. The aim of this research was to study the effect of colchicine induction in cytomorphological of dahlia fl owered leaves. The concentration of colchicine used for treatment was 0.01% with different soaking time. Zinnia elegans seeds were soaked in colchicine for different soaking time period, which were 0 hour (control), 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours. Morphological and anatomical characters investigated were width and length leaves, shape of pavement cell, stomata width and length. Cytology analysis was done by using fl owcytometry. The result of this research showed that colchicine application increased the variance of leaves width and length and stomata width and length compared to control. Cytological investigation using fl owcytometry showed that polyploidy was absent but the peak of cell counting was decrease. The soaking with colchicine 0.01% affected cytomorphological characters of dahlia fl owered leaves.
KEKAYAAN JENIS LANDAK LAUT (ECHINOIDEA) FAMILI DIADEMATIDE DI PANTAI SELATAN KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL Purnami, S.E.; Trijoko, Trijoko; Rarastoeti, Pratiwi
Sains & Matematika Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Diadematidae is one of sea urchin families belongs to Class Echinoidea that can be found in intertidal zone untill deep sea. These sea urchins have long spines, and some of them are toxic spines. However, they have important ecological roles. This research aimed to identify the species richness of sea urchins that belong to Family Diadematidae in Pantai Selatan Gunung Kidul as well as describe their taxonomic characters. Specimens were collected from five beaches, namely Krakal, Kukup, Drini, Sepanjang, and Wediombo. Collected specimens were relaxated by using MgCl272% in sea water and the fixed by using 10% formalin in sea water. Finally, they were preserved in 70% Ethanol. Some morphological characters were observed carefully, namely shape and colour of spines, shape of test, shape of genital plate, the existance of orange ring, white spot and iridipore of apical system, interambulacral region, and number of pores. The results showed that there were five species of Diadematid sea urchis in Pantai Selatan Yogyakarta; they belong to two genus, namely genus Diadema dan genus Echinotrix. Genus Echinotrix and Diadema can be fount in Kukup, Wediombo, and Sepanjang, but can not be found in two others beach. 
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN DISTRIBUSI BIVALVIA DI PANTAI MODUNG, KABUPATEN BANGKALAN MADURA Ambarwati, Reni; Faizah, Ulfi; Trimulyono, Guntur
Sains & Matematika Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Pantai Modung merupakan salah satu pantai landai yang berada di pesisir selatan Pulau Madura. Pantai ini memiliki tipe substrat yang kompleks, yaitu sebagian bersubstrat pasir berlumpur, berbatu karang, dan juga beberapa bagian berhutan mangrove sehingga memiliki substrat yang cenderung berpasir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman, distribusi, dan pemanfaatan bivalvia di Pantai Modung Madura. Penelitian dilakukan di zona intertidal Pantai Modung, Kecamatan Modung, Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode transek dan koleksi bebas. Di setiap daerah intertidal atas, tengah, dan bawah diambil dua kuadran sampling berukuran 1 m x 1 m. Setelah preservasi, sampel diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Wawancara dengan penduduk setempat dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis bivalvia yang dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Modung memiliki keanekaragaman bivalvia yang tinggi, yaitu terdapat 38 spesies bivalvia yang tergolong dalam 15 famili. Bivalvia di Pantai Modung tersebar di daerah intertidal atas, bawah dan tengah. Bivalvia yang terdapat di intertidal atas merupakan bivalvia epifauna, yaitu sebanyak sepuluh spesies. Bivalvia infauna memiliki kemampuan meliang yang berbeda dan ciri taksonomi yang penting untuk mengetahui distribusi vertikal ini adalah kondisi lekuk palial. Sebagian besar bivalvia (82%) yang terdapat di Pantai Modung dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat dan semua bivalvia tersebut tergolong dalam pemakan suspensi. Modung Beach is located at the sourthen shore of Madura. It has complex bottoms, namely mud, muddy sand, and rocky substratum. These kinds of substratum support variety of bivalves. The purpose of this research was to know the diversity, distribution, and economic significance of bivalves in the intertidal zone of this beach. Both of death shells and living specimens were collected and preserved for further identification.  The results revealed that different substratum was occupied by different families of bivalves. Field study were done in intertidal zone by using transect lines method as well as free collection. It was defined three intertidal zone, namely upper, middle, and lower intertidal. All samples were preserved in ethanol 70%. After preservation, samples were indentified based on their morphological characters.  In addition to sampling and identification, interview was done to the local people to know the bivalves that were consumsed by them. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results revealed that there were 38 species of bivalves that belong to 15 families. All of them were distributed in upper, middle, and lower intertidal. Bivalves that occupied the upper zone were epifauna (there were 10 species). Infauna bivalves which were found in the middle and lower zones have different burrowing ability, and these related to their characters of pallial sinus. Pallial sinus is important taxonomic character to know the vertical distribution of bivalves. Majority of bivalves (82%) were consumed by local people, and all of those bivalves were suspension feeder bivalve.
KARAKTERISASI SIFAT LISTRIK DAN MAGNETIK PANI/HCL/FE3O4 AKIBAT PENAMBAHAN FE3O4 PADA KOMPOSIT PANI/HCL Purwanto, Purwanto; Kusumawati, Diah Hari
Sains & Matematika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Fabrication PANi/HCl has been carried out by interfacial polymerization method, Fe3O4 nanoparticles by coprecipitation method and composite with compacting method. In the manufacture of composites, the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles aims to improve the electrical properties and characteristics of the magnetic properties of the composite PANi/HCl/Fe3O4. Characterization was conducted on the electrical conductivity measurements, characterization of XRD and VSM. Characterization results in this study could be seen that with the addition of Fe3O4 in PANi/HCl/Fe3O4 the electrical conductivity decreases significantly with increasing addition of Fe3O4. The maximum electrical conductivity of PANi/HCl at 16,667 S/cm decreased with the highest reduction at 40% Fe3O4 with a value of 21.1 × 10-4 S/cm. With the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles of the magnetic properties PANi/HCl in PANi/HCl/Fe3O4 composites increased significantly with increasing addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The enhancement magnetic properties was shown by the increasing value of saturation magnetization (Ms) PANi/HCl in the composite PANi/HCl/Fe3O4. For the PANi/HCl with a value of Ms = 25.48 × 10-4 emu/cm3 experienced the highest increase in the addition of 40% Fe3O4, that is the value of Ms = 18.5 emu/cm3.
OPTIMASI PENGAWETAN PRODUK JAMUR TIRAM SEGAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGUATAN INDUSTRI OLAHAN JAMUR Anggarani, Mirwa Adiprahara; Rusijono, Rusijono
Sains & Matematika Vol 3, No 2 (2015): April, Sains & Matematika
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi proses pengawetan jamur tiram segar melalui penambahan zat tambahan makanan (aditif pangan) sebagai upaya meningkatkan nilai gunanya. Proses pengawetan jamur tiram segar dilakukan dengan merendam jamur tiram segar dalam beberapa jenis zat aditif, meliputi: (a) asam askorbat 0,05%; (b) asam sitrat 1%; (c) garam 2%; (d) kunyit 1%; (e) campuran asam askorbat 0,05%, asam sitrat 1%, dan garam 2%; (f) campuran asam askorbat 0,05%, asam sitrat 1%, garam 2%, dan kunyit 1%; (g) campuran natrium metabisulfi t 0,1%, garam 0,2%, asam askorbat 0,1%, asam sitrat 0,1%, dan kalium 0,1%; dan (h) campuran garam 2% dan kunyit 1%. Proses perendaman dilakukan selama 8 hari. Selanjutnya, untuk menentukan keberhasilan proses pengawetan jamur tiram segar, telah dilakukan pengukuran pH, serta jumlah jamur dan bakteri pada larutan pengawet setiap hari. jumlah kontaminasi mikrob dari hari ke hari dihitung menggunakan metode hitungan mikroskopis langsung. Sampel diletakkan di suatu ruang hitung (hemasitometer) dan jumlah sel dapat ditentukan secara langsung dengan bantuan mikroskop. Hasil analisis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan fungi dan bakteri paling dapat dihambat pada perendaman menggunakan asam sitrat 2%. This research aimed to optimize the process of preservation of fresh oyster mushrooms by adding food additives as an effort to increase the value point. Fresh oyster mushrooms preservation process was done by soaking the fresh oyster mushrooms in some types of additives, including: (a) ascorbic acid of 0.05%; (B) 1% citric acid; (C) salt 2%; (D) turmeric 1%; (E) a mixture of 0.05% ascorbic acid, citric acid 1% and 2% salt; (F) a mixture of 0.05% ascorbic acid, citric acid 1%, 2% salt, and turmeric 1%; (G) a mixture of sodium metabisulphite 0.1%, 0.2% salt, 0.1% ascorbic acid, citric acid 0.1%, and 0.1% potassium; and (h) a mixture of turmeric salt 2% and 1%. Soaking process conducted for 8 days. Furthermore, to determine the success of the process of preservation of fresh oyster mushrooms, has been carried out measurement of pH, as well as the number of fungi and bacteria in preservative solutions every day. the number of microbial contamination from day to day is calculated using the direct microscopic count method. Samples were placed in a room count (hemocytometer) and the number of cells can be determined directly with the aid of a microscope. Results of the analysis showed that the growth of fungi and bacteria have inhibited the immersion using citric acid 2%.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CANGKANG KUPANG SEBAGAI SUMBER KITIN DAN KITOSAN Sikana, Arina Mana; Ningsih, Nur F.; Saputri, Miftahul R.; Wandani, Shelly A. T.; Ambarwati, Reni
Sains & Matematika Vol 4, No 2 (2016): April, Sains & Matematika
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Kupang merupakan nama lokal kerang kecil yang telah lama dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan lontong kupang, makanan khas asal Sidoarjo dan Surabaya. Produksi lontong kupang dilakukan setiap hari sehingga dihasilkan limbah berupa cangkang kupang yang sangat melimpah. Limbah cangkang kupang tersebut berpotensi menjadi bahan alternatif pembuatan kitin dan kitosan, yang selama ini lebih banyak diekstraksi dari cangkang krustasea dan gastropoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi kitin dan kitosan dari limbah cangkang kupang putih (Potamocorbula faba) dan kupang merah (Muschulita senhausia) serta mengukur besar kandungan kitin dan kitosan tersebut. Sampel cangkang kupang diambil dari Desa Balongdowo, Candi, Sidoarjo. Pemurnian kitin dilakukan menggunakan metode Hong dan pembuatan kitosan dilakukan dengan metode Knorr. Validasi produk kitin dan kitosan dilakukan dengan spektrofotometer (Fourier Transform InfraRed) FTIR, kemudian hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif. Kitin yang didapat dari hasil deproteinasi dan demineralisasi limbah cangkang kupang merah dan putih sebesar 97% dan 93%. Kitosan yang didapat dari hasil deasetilasi limbah cangkang kupang merah dan putih sebesar 22% dan 16% dengan derajat deasetilasi masing-masing adalah 76,30% dan 70,21%. Kupang is small mussel that has been used by people of Sidoarjo and Surabaya as traditional food for a long time. Therefore, the waste of the shells is very abundant. The shells of those mussels are potential as raw materials of chitin and chitosan. This study aimed to extract chitin and chitosan from shells of white mussel (Potamocorbula faba) and red mussel (Muschulita senhausia) and measuring the content of chitin and chitosan. The samples of the shells are taken from the village of Balongdowo, Candi, Sidoarjo. Purification of chitin was performed using Hong?s method, while chitosan isolation is done by Knorr?s method. Identification of chitin and chitosan is done by FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) spectrophotometer, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Chitin obtained from the results of demineralization-deproteination of red and white mussel shells were 97% and 93% respectively. Chitosan resulted from deacetylation of red and white mussel shells were 22% and 16% respectively; and the deacetylation degree were 76.30% and 70.21% respectively.
PERAMBATAN GRAVITY CURRENT DALAM SKALA LABORATORIUM SEBAGAI PEMODELAN LAHAR DINGIN DAN INTRUSI AIR LAUT Budianto, Wawan Eko; Sucahyo, Imam; Prastowo, Tjipto; Rahmawati, Endah
Sains & Matematika Vol 1, No 2 (2013): April, Sains & Matematika
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In the context of problem-based learning, gravity current experiment to model saltwater intrusion and ?lahar dingin? using a water tank available at the Laboratory of Earth Science in the Department of Physics, the State University of Surabaya is research breakthrough in physics education. This makes physics teaching meaningful as it is part of the introduction of disaster mitigation education to students in the department. The experiments were performed in two stages to determine the speed and depth of gravity current. In the first stage, a number of runs were conducted by varying density difference between saltwater and freshwater (1%, 3%, or 5%). The two fluids were filled in the tank at the total water depth of 10 cm or 20 cm. In the second stage, other runs were conducted using a water tank of the same length but twice narrower. The results show that the dimensionless speed is measured to be 0.44 ± 0.03, independent of the width of the tank. Relatively compared to the speed, the current depth is difficult to measure owing to the presence of mixing. However, experimental photos show that the current depth is best estimated to be 0.32-0.46 H, where H is the total depth 
ESTIMASI MODEL REGRESI PANEL KOMPONEN ERROR SATU ARAH DENGAN METODE GENERALIZED LEAST SQUARE Mahfudhotin, Mahfudhotin; Suliyanto, Suliyanto; Tjahjono, Eko
Sains & Matematika Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Model regresi ­panel komponen error satu arah merupakan model regresi gabungan antara data cross-section dan data time series yang memiliki spesifikasi yang tepat untuk menggambarkan  individu secara random dari populasi yang besar. Tujuan dari penulisan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk mendapatkan estimasi model regresi panel komponen error satu arah menggunakan metode Generalized Least Square dan untuk menguji kesesuaian model menggunakan uji Hausman dan uji Multiple Lagrange. Hasil estimasi parameter regresi masih bergantung pada komponen delta_g^2  dan delta_a^2  sehingga untuk mengestimasinya dilakukan proses iterasi sampai diperoleh vektor parameter yang konvergen. Model regresi ­panel komponen error satu arah dapat dituliskan dalam bentuk persamaan. Penerapan model ini dilakukan pada data Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) perkapita pada provinsi di Indonesia periode 2007 sampai 2010 sebagai variabel dependen , sedangkan variabel prediktornya meliputi : Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, Investasi Penanaman Modal Asing, Investasi Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri, Jumlah Angkatan Kerja, dan Pengeluaran Konsumsi Rumah Tangga. Model ini mempunyai nilai  R^2 = 0.9991 dan MSE = 2.7518. The one-way error panel component regression model is a combined regression model between cross-section data and time series data that has the right specifications to describe N random individuals from large populations. The purpose of writing this final project is to obtain a one-way error component panel regression model estimation using the Generalized Least Square method and to test the suitability of the model using the Hausman test and the Multiple Lagrange test. The results of the estimation of the regression parameters still depend on the components  delta_g^2  and delta_a^2so to estimate them the iteration process is performed until a converging parameter vector is obtained. The one-way error panel regression model can be written in the equation. The application of this model is carried out on the per capita Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data in provinces in Indonesia from 2007 to 2010 as the dependent variable , while the predictor variables include: Open Unemployment Rate , Foreign Investment Investment , Investment Domestic Investment , Total Labor Force , and Household Consumption Expenditures . This model has a value of  R^2 = 0.9991 and MSE = 2.7518

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