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MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Manajemen IKM merupakan Jurnal Pengembangan Manajemen Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Industri Kecil Menengah (MPI) Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB sejak September 2006, memuat kegiatan dunia usaha kecil menengah (UKM), khususnya IKM beserta instansi yang terkait seperti perbankan, departemen teknis dan usaha swasta besar dan petani/nelayan. Manajemen IKM terbit setiap 6 bulan sekali (Februari dan September) dan ditujukan sebagai wadah untuk mengkomunikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian dari kajian tugas akhir mahasiswa MPI, khususnya yang terkait dengan pembinaan dan pengembangan IKM. Namun demikian, tulisan yang diterima Manajemen IKM terbuka bagi berbagai kalangan yang memiliki ketertarikan dalam pembinaan dan pengembangan IKM, baik itu peneliti, penyuluh, maupun pengusaha. Dengan diterbitkannya jurnal ini, maka kedepannya diharapkan lebih dipahami potensi, kendala dan pengembangan IKM melalui pendekatan holistik dan sinergi yang dilihat dari faktor-faktor ekonomi, manajerial dan faktor-faktor lainnya seperti kemitraan. Perintisan jurnal sebagai berkala ilmiah berwawasan nasional dimulai sejak Februari 2006 dengan nama Jurnal MPI dengan No. ISSN 1907-3127 yang memuat 9 judul artikel pada setiap edisi. Mulai terbitan edisi September 2009, judulnya dirubah menjadi Jurnal Manajemen IKM dengan No. ISSN 2085-8418. Jurnal Manajemen IKM selama ini mampu menjadi sarana penyebarluasan informasi ilmiah kepada para dosen atau peneliti lainnya, maupun masyarakat pengguna, serta sarana pengembangan.

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Articles 250 Documents

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Analisa Sikap Terhadap Perilaku Pengusaha UKM Pada Pelaksanaan Kredit Program Kemitraan BNI di Sentra Kredit Kecil Cabang Bogor Hendri Utami; Illah Sailah; Sri Hartoyo
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The objectives of the research are to analyze some factors considered by a small enterprises to access banking facility, to study the influence of the attitude toward the behavior of small and medium enterprises (SME’s) in Kredit Program Kemitraan BNI, to analyze the product image of Kredit Program Kemitraan BNI from the point of view of a customer and a businessman, to determine some market segmentation strategies for Kredit Program Kemitraan BNI. The result of research showed that the factor influenced businessman in making relationship with banking were as follows: time effectiveness, privacy, accessibility, low interest rate, transaction, the safety of the money, service excellent and business consultation and accessibility easiness. The research results showed that from 100 respondents of SME’s, 58 of them responded with very positively, 21 of them with positively, 18 of them neutral and 3 of them responded negatively. However, based on product image analysis, Kredit Program Kemitraan BNI did not meet BNI’s expectation. The implementation of market segmentation strategies expected by BNI, concerning the product is by product focus, dealt with price is by keeping low interest rate, and regarding the distribution is by looking for good location, deregulation and procedure, and regarding the promotion is by advertising.

Analisis Persepsi Konsumen terhadap Produk Minyak Sawit Merah Sebagai Minyak Kesehatan (Studi Kasus: Perumahan Ciomas Permai, Bogor) Muhammad Alif Bardhani; Fransiska Rungkat Zakaria; Nurheni Sri Palupi
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Product of red palm oil is a new product which is still not marketed yet insufficient quantity so that it is not recognized by many people. Because of that, it needs promotion about the benefit and quality for the consumer. The approach in this research is market or selling the product of red palm oil to the respondent through direct marketing (door to door), and at the same time do the analysis of consumer’s perception to the product of red palm oil. In general the aim of this research is to know consumer’s perception in getting decision of buying and strategy alternative which can be done in marketing of red palm oil in Perumahan Ciomas Permai, Bogor. Location of this research is in Perumahan Ciomas Permai, Blok B Desa Ciapus Kecamatan Ciomas Kabupaten Bogor.The method of this research is case study with descriptive and quantitative analysis with multiple regression. The processing and data analysis were done with application of Microsoft Excel, which is shown in the form of tabulation and correlation matrix and analysis multiple regression linear with counting use computer program SPSS. The number of respondent were 35 people who represent middle household. Based on the research, through direct marketing and consumer’s analysis, it was found that there were four factors which influence the process of buying decision red palm oil namely price, color, content of nutrient and the packaging. The strategy of marketing which can be done for the product of red palm oil is maintain and improve the quality of red palm oil (the hygienic control, quality, purity, color and nutrient content), giving a discount in a certain sales, promotion by distributing brochure and leaflet, service of delivery and guarantee the continuity of red palm oil availability.

Kajian Penilaian Kesehatan Dalam Rangka Mengevaluasi Kinerja Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (Kasus BMT Bina Umat Sejahtera Lasem Rembang) - Aslichan; Musa Hubeis; Illah Sailah
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

One of model Micro Finance Institution (MFI) which in this one decade expand fast relative is Shariah MFI, the institutionthat more knowledgeable with Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT).Considering strategicvalue (BMT) and fact that assessment of performance of health BMT not yet done in this time, hence be conducted by this study/research at BMT Bina Umat Sejahtera (BUS) Lasem Rembang of Central Java. The aim of this study is know how the finance ratio influence performance of BMT BUS, that is factor of strength and its feebleness, also defining strategy needed in developing capacity of BMT BUS.This study conducted by (1) taking secondary datafrom financial statement of BMT BUS, literatures, journals, bulletins, and seminar paper, (2) direct observation at BMT checked, (3) and interview. Quantitative data analysis is done by blend analysis of finance performance assessment, a kind of CAMEL (Capital, Assets, Management, Earning, and Liquidity) for banking with ratio of efficiency and rentability from ratio sum up staff approach.So that this component assessment consists of capital structure ratio, solvabilitas, productive asset quality, liquidity, efficiency, rentability, independency and sustainability. The result depicted in radar chart graph. To sharpen analysis used with Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. Result posed in this study is that Healthy Performance BMT Bina Umat Sejahtera in the year 2006 inclusive of category of well enough, with its strength component ( score 4) in stories; level of financing risk of a period of to small, very efficient in optimalise of Account Officer staff ( AO) in serving customer financing, very able to activate society for funding and optimalise in portfolio financing, very self-supporting in operational cost, and very able to manage outstanding financing with existing AO staff. There is factor of feebleness of BMT BUS (score 1) there is [at] abolition reserve of risk financing smaller thanrisk financing which owning, alocate too high asset fixed asset, and its ability get net profit very minimize compared to by a asset and or the capital managed its.

Analisis Efektivitas Bantuan Dana Penguatan Modal Lembaga Usaha Ekonomi Pedesaan (Studi Kasus DPM-LUEP, Kabupaten Bogor) Harun A. Sume; Rizal Syarief; Nora H. Pandjaitan
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The objectives of this study were (1) to identify the characteristics of DPM-LUEP recipient groups, (2) to identify factors affecting income/profit increase in DPM-LUEP recipients, (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of determining requirement processes, the mechanisms of grouping, the distribution and the return of the funds to LUEP. The method of analysis used were (1) descriptive analysis, (2) profitability analysis, and (3) Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results of the profitability analysis showed that the factors capable of increasing income/profit for DPM-LUEP recipients were (1) the effectiveness in purchasing the raw materials/unpolished rice (the cycles), (2) the increased purchase of raw materials which eventually increased the outcome of the processed products, (3) the decrease of the total cost to the sale income, especially the efficiency of the total variable cost, and (4) the product stock taking while waiting for the increase of product sale price (rice) in the market. Based on the FGD, the dominant problems were found not only in the process of determining the requirements but also in the mechanisms of LUEP grouping as well as the paying back of DPM-LUEP. The efforts necessary to overcome the problems so as to increase the effectiveness of decision and of DPM LUEP distribution include organization strengthening and group management, service quality improvement, increasing the capability and the number of staff, and support of facilities and services. In addition, it is necessary to cut down the bureaucracy stages in the process of decision making and the distribution process of DPM-LUEP, provide fund reserve through APBD I and II, as well as to propose to the central authority to conduct more comprehensive research on requirement, decision making, distribution and the paying back of DPM-LUEP.

Analisis Kelayakan Pengembangan Biogas Sebagai Energi Alternatif Berbasis Individu dan Kelompok Peternak Sri Wahyuni; - Suryahadi; Amiruddin Saleh
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Implementation of integrated cow system with biogas technology approach is one of efficient technology for cow waste treatment. The technology is using available natural microorganism to compose and process various organic matters on anaerobe condition. This will produce methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and qualified liquid and solid organic manure. The methane gas (CH4) can be use as gas fuel (BBG). Biogas production may contribute to sustainable agriculture as renewable resources and environmental friendly. The research was aimed to analyze feasibility of biogas as alternative energy sources on farmer’s individual and group basis. Particularly, the research’s objectives are : (a) to study waste treatment performance with biogas installation at research’s site; (b) to analyze feasibility of biogas development as alternative energy sources on farmer’s individual and group basis; (c) to analyze sensitivity of biogas development on cost component and the benefit to treat waste at four different sites; (d) to identify intern and extern affecting that affect of biogas installation; and (e) to determine appropriate alternative strategy in the biogas installation development for farmer. The biogas reactor can be constructed both by cement and fiberglass. Biogas reactor from fiberglass is more effective and produces higher and better gas. Study at the four locations both on individual and group basis by using liquid and solid organic manure are contribute to increase farmer’s income. Result of financial feasibility analysis with biogas digester capacity 5 m3 and 17 m3 and interest rate 17% shows that biogas installation project is feasible to be implemented and developed. Investment cost to construct biogas installation is Rp 19.800.000. Financial feasibility criteria for NPV individual biogas and 30 years project life are Rp 35.173.048, B/C ratio (2,018) and IRR (31%). Feasibility criteria for NPV group biogas and 30 years project life is Rp 259.882.871, B/C ratio (3,787) and IRR (60%). According to the calculation of switching value, the project is sensitive on variable cost and selling price changing in the revenue.

Aspek Kelayakan Usaha dan Strategi Pemasaran Pallet dengan ISPM#15 pada PT XYZ di Palembang Lanny Syamsir; Musa Hubeis; Nora H. Pandjaitan
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Packing made from wood is one of the choices in transporting commodity to protect a product effectively. In 2002, FAO determined the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measure (ISPM) which is the standard that arranges the quarantine of plants for wood packing used in international trade. In Indonesia ISPM is done by Badan Karantina Pertanian (Barantan). The objectives of this study are to evaluate the feasibility of its Palembang branch, to arrange a suitable marketing strategy and to asses its possible development to become a single entity firm (separate from the main office). The analysis of the study in Palembang showed that this branch office is feasible, with an NPV positive of Rp 928,99 million and an IRR of 26,93% (higher than the capital interest of 14%), and a PBP for 3 year 1 month PBP (shorter than the 4-year credit term). The IE matrix used shows that the company is in the first matrix position; therefore, the strategy of growth is used. From the SWOT analysis there are 4 alternative strategies such as S-O, W-O, S-T and W-T. These strategies are formulated into the marketing strategy that can be applied based on mixed marketing: (1) product strategy: maintenance of product quality and innovation in the design of production system, to accelerate the production process and to improve productivity using skilled labor; (2) the price strategy: reducing price based on BEP calculation and applying cost efficiency; (3) the location strategy: closer to market and raw material resources and maintaining relationship with distribution channels; (4) the promotion strategy: introducing the company to potential customers.

Pengembangan Usaha Industri Jamu dan Minuman PD Budi Lestari di Jakarta Tanjung Prasetyo; Daniel R. Monintja; Fransiska Rungkat Zakaria
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 4 No. 2 (2009): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The aim of this study is to identity successful business conducts carried out by the company. The successful business conducts identified are: (1) Employing skillful marketing personnel, (2) Having a wide marketing channels, (3) Application of production contract, (4) Utilizing brokers in marketing the product, (5) Utilizing secondhand containers to reduce cost.The method used from this study is SWOT analysis with primary and secondary data, which are collected through literature and interview.Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, there were some suggestions to PD. Budi Lestari in order to develop its business by : (1) Increasing working capital, (2) Increasing the quality of human resources, (3) Making promotions, (4) Increasing the machine technologies utilizing, (5) Finding new bottles using altenatives in solving problem of getting used bottles, (6) Using labels that includes the special qualities of the drinks to explain the characteristic and quality from each product made, (7) Selecting the distribution of used bottles facilities.Beside that, suggestions given from this study can be an input to the company in raising its sales volume as an effort to fulfill market’s demand, includes mini and super markets.

Pengaruh Karakteristik dan Perilaku UKM, serta Sistem Pembiayaan terhadap Penyaluran Pembiayaan BNI Syariah Setyo Susilo; Musa Hubeis; Budi Purwanto
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2012): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

After the economy crisis, there were 42.4 million unit of UKM os SMEs (Small and Medium Scale Enterprises) in 2003 or increase of 9.5%, compared to 2000 with a labor of 79 million. At the same time, (1) Syariah banking found its momentum again to grow, known as the negative spread, and (2) The Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) prohibits bank interest. The market share of Syariah banking is 1.20% and the financial distribution per November 2003 is Rp5,466.04 billion, dominated by Murabahah financing as much as Rp3,893.1 billion (71,2%). In general, the syariah financing is based on profit sharing and margin. The most common profit sharing in Syariah banking are musyarakah and mudharabah. The method of margin is done in the form of sales contract. The most developed in Syariah banking are murabahah, salam and istishna. This objectives of this research are to study the characteristics and behavior of SMEs that influence the method of financing, to study the constraints in applying the profit sharing method, to determine the most suitable financing method most suitable to the characteristics of SMEs, and to determine the strategy of BNI Syariah to increase market share, and to compete in the Syariah banking industries. The analysis was done by using the qualitative descriptive, crossed tabulation, chi squared (χ²), and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT). Based on the analysis of χ², and the result frequency, it shows that the characteristic and behavior of UKM that agree with the murabahah financing system is highly significant, while those that agree with the Syariah banking system is significant, and that agree there are constrains in applying profit sharing method is significant. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strategies are (1) SO, by opening new branches to increase market share, changing perception towards bank interest, cooperating with Islamic Development Bank (IDB); (2) WO, by improving quality of services, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and technology, recruiting experts in Syariah banking and developing products, (3) ST, by using corporate image as institutional positioning, improving skills, simplifying procedures and processes, (4) WT, by cooperating with competitors, increasing product promotion and authority in financial decision. Opening new BNI Syariah branches in potential areas and improving products according to the consumers need, such as foreign currency, is the most possible thing to do. Key words:Islamic banking, profit sharing, SMEs, strategic

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penerapan Cara Produksi yang Baik dan Standar Prosedur Operasi Sanitasi Pengolahan Fillet Ikan di Jawa Budi Yuwono; Fransiska Rungkat Zakaria; Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2012): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

In order to increase quality and safety of fish fillet products, Directorate General of Fisheries Product Processing and Marketing, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, introduced Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP) of fish fillet to the industry in Indonesia, including in Java. Recently, some processor who already applied GMP and SSOP do not continue the application of GMP and SSOP. Due this situation, this report is to find all factors that influence continuity application of GMP and SSOP processes of fish fillet and to see the recent condition of application of GMP and SSOP in fillet processing plants which do not continue (BM). Processing and analyzing the data using description method and pre-requisite analysis. The respondents of this research are 26 fish fillet processing plants in Java which are divided into 15 fish fillet processing plants that do not continue the application of GMP and SSOP (BM) and 11 fish fillet processing plants that are still continuing the application (LM). The factors that influence continuity application of GMP and SSOP in fish fillet processing plants that do not continue the application (BM) can be divided into internal factors which are lack of education (73%), and lack of experience (100%), external factors which are lack of government policies in socialization (66,66%), lack of portable water (87%) and ice supply (67%), lack of cold chain system facility (74%), lack of government policies in training (60%), monitoring (80%), lack of low enforcement (86%), no market requirement (100%), and characteristic of innovation factors which are no relative advantages in implementing GMP and SSOP (86,67%), no compatibility (80%), and the complexity of GMP and SSOP (73,33%). Base on pre requisite analysis, the status of GMP and SSOP in 15 fish fillet processing plants that do not continue (BM) the application is very bad as shown in high minor and mayor failure, and also serious and critical failure more than tolerance level. In order to support the application of GMP and SSOP in 15 fish fillet processing plants that do not continue the application (BM), it is suggested to increase the frequency of socialization, training, monitoring and technical counseling in special locus, facilitating water and ice supply, enforce the GMP and SSOP label in fisheries products in domestic market, and increasing education regarding the importance of GMP and SSOP application in fish fillet industry to the public

Kajian Manajemen Mutu Usaha Kecil Menengah Sepatu di PD. Anugerah Hero - Ciomas - Susviarto; - Suryahadi; Darwin Kadarisman
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2012): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Study of Shoes Small Middle Enterprises (SME) Quality Management is held through case study in PD. Anugerah Hero Ciomas Kabupaten Bogor. This study is intend to: (a) knowing about applied level of quality management system in PD. Anugerah Hero, (b) knowing activities done by PD. Anugerah Hero to guarantee it’s product quality, (c) evaluating product quality performance, (d) analyzing how quality cost performance in PD. Anugerah Hero. Determining quality management system practices held by matching quality attempt applied to characteristic quality management system as conducted by Muhandri and Kadarisman. Identification of quality activity held according the Juran Trilogy. Evaluating quality performance held for number of defect product, number of reject/return product, Finishing time late and quality cost analysis. Result of study indicating that the most fit quality management system applied if compared to characteristic of quality management system applied according to Muhandri and Kadarisman is Foreman Quality Control. The activities of quality management held is including; knowing the needs and consumer terms, and designing process and instrument for shoes making for quality planning aspect. The quality management aspect is by compiling standard and specification, using model, mold and pattern and also doing sortation qualitatively by visual inspection. The quality improving aspect is only for doing benchmarking in relatively large shoes industry and duplicating a new model from “mall”, books and magazine. The number of products rejected, especially by abroad customer is ranged between 11,1% – 17,7% by average 15,9 of the number of order. Slowness of finishing time due to the order is on average of 3,8 days or 7,0% compared to order time. The number of order late is about 50%. The quality cost identified is only external failed cost for down grading, is that, about Rp50.415.000 for 11 order in 2007, quality cost index due to the selling omzet is about 2,37%

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