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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23389427     EISSN : 23389486     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 22 No 4, 2011" : 9 Documents clear
The effect of variation of dose, time toward cauli flower (Brassica oleracea var BotrytisL.) On hepatic cytochrome P-450 level rats given theophylline Sunarsih, Endang Sri; hakim, Lukman; ., Sugiyanto; ., Sumantri
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (271.974 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp323-329

Abstract

Cytochrome  P-450  as  a  major  component  enzyme  system  in  drug metabolism. Activity  enzyme  of  cytochrome  P-450  was  influenced  by  internal and external factors. Vegetables of Brassicaceae such as cauli flower were often consumed  in  the  long  term,  its   has  inductor  activity  of  oxidation  enzyme systems and conjugation reactions. Theophylline as a bronchodilator drugs have the unknown effects on hepatic microsomal enzyme, such as cytochrome P-450 and   have  not  been  many  studies  that  tried  to  prove  it.  The  purpose  of  this study  was  to  prove  the  effects  of Cauliflower  and  indol  on  level  cytochrome  P-450  enzyme.  90  rats  were  divided  into  3  groups.  Group   I,  were  given Theophylline  20  mg/kg  BW.  In  group  II  30  rats  were  treated  with  indole  1,2; 2,4; 3,6 mg/kg BW, and group III 30 rats were treated with cauliflower extract respectively  doses  100,  200,  300  g/kg  BW.  Each  dose  was  given  on  10  rats, each group were divided 2 sub-groups were treated for 5, 10 days. On the last day  of  treatment  were  given  Theophylline  20  mg/kg  BW.   Cytochrome  P-450 enzyme  levels  were  determined  by  the  method  of  Omura  and  Sato(Snell,  and Mullock,1987). An induction cauliflower and indole did not increased levels of hepatic  cytochrome  P-450.  The  long  treatment  and  the   increased  of administered  dose  did  not  enhanced  the  levels  of  hepatic  cytochrome  P-450 enzyme. cauliflower and indole contained in vegetables when consumed together with theophylline drug, would not affect the metabolism of theophyllineKey words: Cauli flower, cytochrome P-450, theophylline, indole, spectrofotometric.
Efek flavonoid daun srikaya (Annona squamosa (L)) terhadap pemacuan ekspresi P53 sel HeLa Laela Hayu Nurani; Suwidjiyo Pramono; Sudjadi .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp273-278

Abstract

Flavonoids  are  secondary  metabolites  with  many  activities  such  as  an anticancer  and  an  antioxidant. Annona  squamosa L.  leave  are  reported  contain flavonoids. Annona squamosa flavonoids were isolated from ether fraction and separated by paper chromatography with acetic acid 15% as mobile phase. Four flavonoids   with  Rf  value  of  0.11,  0.23,  0.46  and  0.78  were  detected  as  5-hydroxy-7-R-flavonol  (1),  5,3’,4’-trihydroxy-7-R-flavonol  (2),  5-hydroxy-7-Rflavanone  (3)  and  7-R-flavanone  (4),  respectively.  The  cytotoxicity  of  each flavonoid  on  Hella  cell  line  was  carried   out   using  direct  counting  method  and the p53 expression was done with immunocytochemistry. The result showed that LC50  of  flavonoid 1, 2, 3 and  4 was  12.63±3.4,  18.47±3.4,  75.74±6.2  and 204.4±14.0  µg/mL.   Twelve   µg/mL  of  5-hydroxy-7-R-flavonol  (1)   increased p53 expression of eleven fold than control.Keywords: Annona squamosa, HeLa, flavonoid, p53 
Formula optimization of sustained-release ibuprofen tablet using simplex lattice design with mixture of caragenan, calsium sulphate, and PVP-K30 Wuryanto Hadinugroho; Achmad Fudholi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (332.915 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp300-305

Abstract

Ibuprofen is one of non steroid anti inflammatory drug (NSAID), derivated propionic  acid  often  use  rheumatoid  therapy.  Frequented  using  can  make unpleasant  of  patient,  solution  for  this  problem  by  sustained  release  ibuprofen tablet design. This experiment aim is find out the optimized formula of sustained release  ibuprofen  tablet  with  hardness  of  ≥  4  kgf,  brittleness  of  ≤  1  %,  and 0.7-0.9 mg/minutes ibuprofen rate out by using mixture of carrageenan, calcium sulphate  and  PVP-K30.  This  formula  use  ibuprofen  as  400  mg,  the  mixture  of carrageenan, calcium sulphate and  PVP-K30  as  12 mg,  so  tablet total  weight  is 600  mg,  the  mixture  total  weight  is.  The  proportion  was  optimized  by  using simplex  lattice  design  special  cubic  model.  There  are  seven  formula  in  this design  (each  three  formula  consist  of  100  %,  three  formula  consists  of  two  as 50 % : 50 % and last formula mixture three component as 33.33 % of each) to get  coefficient  of  equation  Y  =  a(A)+b(B)+c(C)+ab(A)(B)+ac(A)(C)+bc(B)(C)+ abc(A)(B)(C).  Based  of  each  optimized  parameter  equation  is  got  contour  plot and  combined  to  superimposed  contour  plot,  so  the  optimized  formula  can  be found.  Based  of  superimposed  contour  plot  is  mixture  carrageenan:calcium sulphate:PVP-K30 comperation of optimized formula sustained release ibuprofen tablet are  0.347  :  0.233  :  0.420  to  find out  the optimized  formula  of sustained release  ibuprofen  tablet  with  the  hardness  as  5.71;  brittleness  as  0.28;  and ibuprofen  rate  out  as  0.79.  The  most  dominant  increase  factor  on  hardness  is calcium sulphate, on brittleness is carrageenan and on ibuprofen rate out is PVPK30.  About  interaction,  the  most  hardness  is  calcium  sulphate-PVP-K30,  the most  brittleness  and  ibuprofen  rate  out  is  carrageenan-calcium  sulphate-PVPK30.Key words:carrageenan, calcium sulphate, PVP-K30, ibuprofen.
Influence of filler-binders on ibuprofen iablets with direct compression method Hadisoewignyo, Lannie; Teny, Gracesya Florensya; Handayani, Elok Tri; Yunita, Beby
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258.932 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp279-285

Abstract

Ibuprofen  is  a  active  ingredient  that  have  low  melting  point,  but  it  has poor  flowability,  and  poor  compactibility,  this  causes  ibuprofen  tablets  are  not suitable  to  be  made  by   direct  compression  method.   The  use  of  appropiate filler-binders  can  improved  the  flow  properties  and  compactibility  powder  that can be made  by  direct compression. Filler binders  commonly use  are  Avicel PH 102, Emcompress, SDl, and Starch 1500. Formula tablet ibruprofen using Avicel PH 102 as filler-binder will produce tablet with good hardness, low friability, fast disintegrating,  and  high  dissolution.  This  is  because  the  hydrophilic  properties and plastic deformation which is owned by Avicel PH 102.Key words:Ibuprofen, Avicel PH 102, direct compression
Optimization of Theophylline Tablet Formula Using CoProcessed Excipients of Lactose and Avicel Hayatus Sa`adah; Achmad Fudholi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (548.283 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp306-314

Abstract

Tablet  excipients  in  direct  compression  should  have  good  flowability  and compactibility.  Improvement  of  excipients  properties  may  be  obtained  by  coprocessing. Co-processing is defined as combining two or more excipients by an appropriate  process.  Co-processed  excipients  of  lactose  and  avicel,  which  were fabricated  by  spray  drying  technique,  would  be  used  as  filler-binder  in theophylline  tablet  formulation.  The co-processed excipients were evaluated for their  physical  properties,  i.e;  particle  size  distribution,  average  diameter, density,  flowability,  compactibility  and  water  absorption.  Simplex  lattice  design was  used  for  optimizing  flowability,  compactibility  and  water  absorption  of  coprocessed  excipients.  The  results  showed  that  proportion  of  lactose  and  avicel with  optimum  physical  properties  was  determined  by  the  ratio  1:1  with  a response of flowability was 8.79 ± 0.02 seconds, compactibility was 5.61 ± 0.08 kg and water absorption was 61.30 ± 0.40 mg/min. Superimposed contour plot of  theophylline  tablet  formulation  using  co-processed  excipients  as  filler-binder by  factorial  design  was  determined  by  the  optimum  proportion  of  magnesium stearate  and  eksplotab  (1:3.74)  with  the  response  of  hardness  was  5.54  ± 0.042  kg,  friability  was  0.303 ±  0.015%, disintegration  time was  1.83 ±  0.115 minutes and DE20was 85.66 ± 0.35%.Key words: theophylline tablets; co-processed excipients; lactose; avicel 
Medicine advertisements: evaluation and implementation of cema-community method Chairun Wiedyaningsih; Nia Primayani; Warastuti .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.869 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp286-292

Abstract

Non-prescription medicines are advertised widely to general public. These advertisements attempt to influence consumers’ choices about medicines. Since the  advertisements  rare  to  give  objective  information,  therefore  it  may  affect people’s perception and have potential harmful effect for public health. In order to  improve  the  use  of  medicines  by  general  public,  the  CEMA-community (Critical  Evaluation  Medicine  Advertisement  by  the  community))  was  proven effective  empower  community  in  evaluating  medicine  advertisements.  The objectives of the study, therefore, were to investigate medicine advertisements, and improve knowledge and skills of participants in critically evaluating medicine advertisements.  Medicine  advertisements  running  within  the  period  of  study were  evaluated  and  analyzed  according  to  the  Indonesian  legal  requirements. Community  empowerment  to  improve  participants’  knowledge  and  skills  was conducted  using  CEMA-community  method.  The  method  consisted  of  two activites,  the  first  was  a  brief  lecture  and  the  second  was  small  group discussions in a problem-oriented approach. Data on knowledge was obtained by questionnaire.  Data  on  skills  was  assessed  by  the  number  of  inappropriate claims they could identify the advertisements. All data was collected at baseline, immediately,  and  one  month  after  intervention.  Medicine  advertisements  in television media accounted for 15% off all commercials, with 21.53%; 17.98%; 14.17%;  and  10.08%  being  medicine  products  for  influenza, analgesic/antipyretic,  supplement,  and  cough,  respectively.  Incomplete  and misleading  information  mostly  appeared  in  the  advertisements.  Intervention study  showed  that  the  average  of  participants’  knowledge  in  subtopic  of medicine  misleading  was  low  and  could  be  increased  from  34.2  (pretest)  with maximum score 100, to 65.3 (post I) and 58.3 (post II). Participants’ skills also improved  immediately  after  intervention  and  this  was maintained  at  the  one month  follow  up  (score  means:  3.33;  26.67;  26.67 of  maximum  score  100,  at pre test, post I, and post II, respectively).Key  words:  medicine  advertisements,  community  empowerment,  CEMA-community method, knowledge; skills 
Sinergisitas efek sitotoksik kombinasi arekolin dan doxorubicin pada sel kanker serviks HeLa Astrid Ayu Maruti; Rahmi Khamsita; Suven .; Dyaningtyas Dewi Putri; Edy Meiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1189.107 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp265-272

Abstract

Arecoline, the main alcaloid of Areca cathecuL has been proven to posses cytotoxic  activity  against  various  cancer  cell  lines.  The  research  conducted  to examine  the  cytotoxic  activity  of  arecoline  alone  and  its  combination  with doxorubicin  against  HeLa  cervical  cancer  cell  line.  Single treatment  of arecoline  in  various  concentration  on  HeLa  cancer  cell  were  done  followed  by the  combinational  treatment  with  doxorubicin.  The  cell  viability  as  the parameter  of  cytotoxicity  was  measured  using  MTT  (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium  bromide)  assay.  The  apoptotic  effect  was  examined  by double staining assay using etidium bromide – acridin orange. Arecoline did not show  potent  cytotoxicity  effect  against  HeLa  since  the  value  of  IC50 is  462µM. The  combinational  treatment  of  arecoline  and  doxorubicin  showed  synergicity with  the  optimum  CI  value  is  0,48  given  by  the  treatment  of  30mM  arecoline combined with 125 nM doxorubicin. The result of this study shows that arecoline has potential  to  be proposed  as  co-chemotherapeutic  agent for  cervical cancer. However, further study on its molecular mechanism needs to be conducted.Key words: arecoline, synergicity, doxorubicin, MTT assay, HeLa cell line
Biosynthesis of a biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from a mixture of palm oil and 2-butanol as carbon sources Djamaan, Akmal
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (448.566 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp315-322

Abstract

Polyhydroxybutyrate  [P(3HB)]  are  synthesized  as  carbon  and  energy reserve materials by many types of microorganisms under certain environmental condition. These biosynthetic polyesters have much received attention as they can  be  considered  to  be  a  source  for  developing  novel  biodegradable  plastic materials for pharmaceutical, medical and biodegradable packages industries. In this case,  Erwiniasp. USMI-20, a locally soil isolated microorganism has been found  to accumulate  P(3HB)  in its  cells  during  growth  on  mineral-media  with  a mixture of palm oil and 2-butanol as carbon source. Fermentation process was conducted  through  a  feedbatch  cultivation  under  aerobic  condition  at  pH  7.0, incubation temperature 30 oC, and agitation rate of 200 rpm for 48 hours. The characterization of the  polymer production  was based  on  cell growth  (biomass) and  polymer  content  detected  by  a  gas  chromatography  methode.  Result showed  that  from  a  mixture  of palm  oil:2-butanol  (4.62g/L+0.89g/L) produced P(3HB) of 50.86 %w/w with biomass of 5.82g/L; a mixture of palm oil:2-butanol (4.62g/L+1.65g/L) produced  P(3HB)  of 57,77%  w/w  with  biomas  of 6.01g/L,  a mixture  of  palm  oil:2-butanol  (4.62g/L+2.48g/L)  produced  P(3HB)  of  55.85%w/w with  biomass  of  6.57g/L,   a  mixture  of palm  oil:2-butanol (4.62g/L+3.29 g/L) produced P(3HB) of 56.37% w/w with biomass of 6.67g/L and a mixture of palm  oil:2-butanol  (4.62g/L+4.12g/L)  produced  P(3HB)  of  47.70%  w/w  with biomass of 6.33g/LKey words:biopolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), palm oil, and n-butanol.
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and fraction of leaves of singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) against resistant bacteria Mulyani, Yani; Sukandar, Elin Yulinah; Adnyana, I Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.342 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp293-29

Abstract

One  of the plants  that grow  in Indonesia,  and  still does  not  use widely  is singawalang  (Petiveria  alliaceae)  from  Phytolaceae  family.  Traditional   herbal medicine  preparations  contained  of  Petiveria  alliacea  in  the  Caribbean,  Latin America,  West  Africa  and  other  regions  for  hundreds  years  has  been  used  to treat  pain,  colds,  inflammation,  tumor,  bacterial  and  fungal   infection,hyperlipidemia,  diabetes and  other  diseases.  This  study  aims to determine  the antibacterial  activity  of  singawalang  growth  in  Indonesia  against  resistant bacteria  to  antibiotics.  The  minimum  inhibitory  concentration   (MIC)  and minimum  bactericidal  concentration(MBC)  were  determined  by  microdilution broth method and type of antibacterial action were determined by observing the profile of bacterial growth curve. Ethanol extract of dried leaves showed activity against bacteria i.e. MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus), MRCNS (Methicillin-Resistant  Coagulase-Negative  Staphylococci),  VRE  (VancomycinResistant  Enterococcus).   Further  studies  conducted  by  reviewing  the  type  of work  by  looking  at the  growth curve  and  the observed changes  in cell walls by scanning  electron  microscopy  (SEM)  at  MRCNS  (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus  coagulase-Negative).  The  results  showed  that  ethanol  extracts and  all  fractions  showed  good  antibacterial  activity  against  resistant  bacteria, are  bacteriostatic  hexane  fraction  until  the  concentration  of  8  MIC  and  change the morphology of the cell wall of MRCNS.Key words:Singawalang, Antibacteria, Broth Microdilution, bacterial growth curve, SEM 

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