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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DAN CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI PUPUK KASCING Ditamulia Slamet Utama; I Made Sudana; Ni Luh Kartini
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 6 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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The use of agricultural land without organik fertilizers can decrease soil organik matter and decrease soil productivity. Production of organik fertilizer with natural composting process will be take a long time. The addition of earthworm (Lumbricusrubellus) on organik materials can accelerate the composting process. Vermicompost has a lot of plant growth hormones, beneficial microbes, and plant nutrients. Research purposes were to determine the effectiveness of earthworms to decompose the organic matter, to determine the weight earthworms are able to accelerate the decomposition of organic waste into fertilizer, and to determine the biological and chemical fertilizers produced from organic waste with earthworms compared without earthworms. The research method used a randomized block design 2 factorial. The variables measured were the weight of earthworms, the decomposition effectiveness, quality of fertilizers and fertilizer application in mustard. The data was analyzed by analysis of variance, if there was a significant interaction effect of the variable followed by Duncan's multiple range test, and if the only real effect of a single factor followed by LSD test.The result show that the earthworm effective in the decomposition of organic waste into vermicompost fertilizer. Increasingly the weight of the earthworm the process of decomposition organic material into vermicompost fertilizer more quickly,the best treatment for the decomposition of organic matter was C3B1, C3B2, and C3B3. Biological and chemical character of fertilizer produced from organic waste with earthworms is better than without earthworms. The best treatment was C1B3.

POTENSI RIZOBAKTERI YANG DIISOLASI DARI RIZOSFER TANAMAN PADI SEBAGAI AGEN HAYATI UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Pyricularia oryzae, PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BLAS PADA TANAMAN PADI Valente Quintao; Dewa Ngurah Suprapta; I Gede Rai Maya Temaja; Khamdan Khalimi
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the staple foods for more than 60 percent of world population. Indonesian people generally are still depending on the availability of rice to fulfill Indonesian food demand. The average of rice productivity in Indonesia is 4.56 ton/ha which is relatively lower when compared with other rice growing countries, such as Australia 8.22 ton/ha; Japan 5.85 ton/ha and China 6.06 ton/ha. One of the causes for the low productivity of rice in Indonesia is the occurrences of rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae. To control this disease, the farmers are still rely on the use of synthetic fungicides however this measure can not effectively control the disease, and potentially cause the health and environmental problems. It is necessary to find an alternative measure that save to human health as well as friendly to the environment. This study was done to evaluate the potential use of rhizobacteria isolated from rhizospheres of rice as antagonist against Pyricularia oryzae the cause of rice blast disease. The result showed that five isolates of rhizobacteria namely Xanthomonas lumininescens isolate Ch3Da, Serratia liquefaciens isolate Gh13DaB, Enterobacter agglomerans isolate Gg14DtB, Enterobacter agglomerans isolate Ch2Da, and Enterobacter agglomerans isolate Ch4BaB significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with inhibitory activity varied from 39.46% to 46.66%. All of these isolates produced extra cellular substances which probably responsible for the inhibitory activity. This result suggested that five isolates of rhizobacteria tested in this study can be further developed as bio-control agent to reduce the development of rice blast disease.

BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT MEMICU KETAHANAN TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max) TERHADAP PENYAKIT SOYBEAN MOSAIC VIRUS Ni Nyoman Alit Purwaningsih; I Dewa Nyoman Nyana; I Gede Rai Maya Temaja; Gede Suastika
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 7 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Soybean (Glycine max) is an important commodity in Indonesia. The high utilization of soybean has not been accompanied by the sufficiency of amount of its production, even decreased from year to year. One of the factors that cause the decreased of soybean productivity is soybean mosaic disease caused by viral pathogens. Soybean mosaic virus is one of the most important types of virus in soybean could cause a decreased in yield until 25-90%.This study aimed to test rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of Leguminosae plants that able to providing resistance to SMV disease on soybean plant. Six isolates rhizobacteria that could be isolated from Leguminosae plants had used as a treatment in the test. The result of field test showed three isolates namely R13, R12, and R9 able to increase soybean plant resistance, so each isolates made influence to crop yield. The results of identification based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene, isolate R13 which gave the best response to soybean plant resistance and had percentage similarity between 94-98% with species Empedobacter brevis (Flavobacterium breve).

KELIMPAHAN POPULASI DAN PERSENTASE SERANGAN LALAT BUAH YANG MENYERANG TANAMAN BUAH-BUAHAN DI BALI Ni Kadek Nita Karlina Astriyani; I Wayan Supartha; I Putu Sudiarta
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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The study was conducted at the Field and in the Laboratory . Laboratory research was conducted at the Laboratory Integrated Pest and Disease Control Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Bali with altivial 30 meters above sea level from January to March 2014. In field, study was conducted by sampling the fruit flies attacking fruit with Purposive random sampling.The results showed that there were 6 species found in the market and fruits’ center in Bali, namely Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock,Bactrocera umbrosa Fabricius, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillete, and Bactrocera albistrigatade Maijere (Diptera: Tephritidae). The spesies fruit flies attack in mango, orange, long chili, rawit chili, watermelon, cucumber, star fruit, sapodilla, nephelium, jackfruit, rose-apple and guava. The abundance of fruit flies population had a positive relationship with the persentage of fruit flies’ attack.

THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF CELL WALL DEGRADATION ENZYMES TO BACTERIOPHAGES INFECTION AND PRODUCTION (Review) I Putu Sudiarta
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Volume 1, No 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Penggunaan pestisida kimia sintetis untuk mengendalikan hama dan penyakit tumbuhan memiliki banyak pengaruh negatif, seperti ketahanan serangga hama dan penyakit terhadap pestisida, resurgensi, ledakan hama sekunder, punahnyah musuh alami dan residu pada bahan makanan dan lingkungan. Selama 60 tahun-an terakhir tingkat keracunan dibidang pertanian dan lingkungan semakin meningkat secara dramatis. Oleh karena itu salah satu pendekatan untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida kimia adalah menggunakan musuh alami. Untuk mengendalikan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri salah satu pendekatan mutahir menggunakan musuh alami berupa bakteriopag. Bakteriopag menyerang bakteri dengan kisaran inang yang spesifik. Salah satu penelitian yang menarik adalah tentang mekanisme bakteriopag menyerang inangnya. Untuk menghancurkan dinding sel bakteri, bakteriopag menghasilkan banyak ensim pendegradasi dinding sel. Pada kajian ini didiskusikan beberapa ensim pendegradasi dinding sel dan kemungkinan perannannya dalam mekanisme infeksi bakteriopag.

Kelimpahan Populasi dan Persentase Serangan Lalat Buah (Bactrocera Spp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) pada Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) di Beberapa Kabupaten Provinsi Bali Ni Wayan Suryati Agustini; A.A. Ayu Agung Sri Sunari; Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 8 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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The research aims to determine the population abundance and the damage percentage of fruit fly. The study was conducted in Tabanan Regency villages ofCandikuning and Baturiti, Badung Regency villages of Belok-sidan and Kapal and Klungkung Regency villages of Gelgel which took place from February to April2019. Fruit sampling was done purposively by taking fruits that showed symptoms of fruit fly attacks which were then maintained in the Integrated Pest and Disease laboratory of the Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University. The identification results show that there were 2 species of fruit flies that attacked the cucumber, namely Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera calumniata. The population abundance of B. cucurbitae species in Tabanan Regency (69.7%), Badung Regency (71.2%) and Klungkung Regency (74%), while the population abundance of B. calumniata species in Tabanan Regency (30.2%), Badung Regency (28.8%) and Klungkung Regency (26%). The percentage of damage were in Tabanan Regency (22.9%), Badung Regency (22%) and Klungkung Regency (27.3%).

KARAKTERISTIK MOLEKULER DAN FILOGENI LALAT BUAH Bactrocera occipitalis (Diptera:Tephritidae) DARI TARAKAN BERDASARKAN SEKUEN NUKLEOTIDA GEN COI Dwi Martiningsia; I Nyoman Wijaya; I Putu Sudiarta
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 6 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Bactrocera occipitalis is one species of group B. dorsalis complex. The main host of B. occipitalis is mango (Mangifera indica), guava (Psidium guajava), orange (Citrus sp), sapodilla (Achras zapota) and star fruit (carambola Averrhoa). Region of distribution B. occipitalis are Philippines, East Malaysia (Sabah), Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan). B. dorsalis complex has similar morphological and have a less distinctive character for taxonomic identification at immature life stages, it will be an obstacle for the export of fruit and vegetables from Indonesia related to quarantine the country of destination, and DNA-based barcode can solve this problem. Molecular Identification B. occipitalis Tarakan successfully amplified at 642 bp with COI gene. Based on sequence homology COI B. occipitalis Tarakan has a high of similarity with B. occipitalis Philippines is 99.4% -100%. The phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences and genetic distance based on COI gene sequences showing too genetic closeness with B. occipitalis Philippines.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BARIER NET BERWARNA (MERAH DAN PUTIH) TERHADAP POPULASI Bemisia tabaci PADA TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) DI DESA KERTA Made Mika Mega Astuthi; I Putu Sudiarta; I Dewa Nyoman Nyana; Gede Suastika
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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The research about impact of using barrier of net color (red and white) for whitefly population on cayenne pepper plant in Kerta Village was conducted in order to know firstly about species of whitefly that existing on the cayenne pepper, secondly to know about impact of net color for populations of whitefly on the cayenne papper. The research was done using the randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatments and 9 replications. The observation covered of the population of whitefly and symptom of virus infection. The results of this research showed whitefly were identified as Bemisia tabaci. The result indicated the lowest average populations of Bemisia tabaci occurred in the white net barrier treatment.

KARAKTERISTIK FENOTIF ISOLAT KLINIK Escherichia coli O157:H7 PADA MEDIA SORBITOL MAC CONKEY AGAR (SMAC) Wahyu Hidayati; I Gede Rai Maya Temaja; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 7 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Phenotypic Characteristic of Escherichia coli O157: H7 Clinical Isolates on MacConkey Agar with Sorbitol (SMAC)Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, and commonly has flagella. Most of E. coli strains are normal flora in digestive tract of human, but some serotypes are pathogen for human and animal. One of pathogenic E. coli strain that causes a severe infection in humans (hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome) is known as Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) with cattle as their natural reservoir. E. coli O157:H7 is the most important and pathogenic serotype of EHEC which responsible for outbreak of Hemorrhagic Colitis and Hemolytic Uremia Syndrome. Accurate and cheap method detection of E. coli O157:H7 is needed to help early detection diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study is investigate phenotypic characteristics of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from clinical specimens using MacConkey Agar with Sorbitol (SMAC) media. Three E. coli clinical isolates from Sanglah General Hospital showed colorless non-sorbitol fermenting colony in SMAC media as phenotypic characteristic of E. coli O17:H7, therefore SMAC may beused on are of confirmation methods for E. coli O157:H7 detection from clinical isolats.

DETEKSI SIMULTAN CMV DAN CHIVMV PENYEBAB PENYAKIT MOSAIK PADA TANAMAN CABAI DENGAN DUPLEX RT-PCR I Gede Agus Adi Chandra; I Dewa Nyoman Nyana; I G N Alit Susanta Wirya; Gede Suastika
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Detect the presence virus causes mosaic symptoms by CMV and ChiVMV infecting chili pepper plants at the same time was conducted. There needs a study that aims to detect the associations of both viruses causes mosaic symptoms by single or double infection and simplify the detection process which is necessary for a long and expensive process. The used method is a duplex RT-PCR in hopes of simultaneously detecting two viruses causes mosaic disease. Based on the results of the study showed that the duplex RT-PCR method can detect double infection of CMV and ChiVMV on chili plants and this method more effective to detect two viruses simultaneously in a single PCR reaction.

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
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Phone
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Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota denpasar,

Bali

INDONESIA