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INDONESIA
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08544425     EISSN : 2338834X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA" : 16 Documents clear
Isolasi dan Seleksi Bacillus sp. dari Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.) serta Potensinya sebagai Probiotik ., Hamtini; ., Widanarni; Meryandini, Anja
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2778.371 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2151

Abstract

The aims of this study was to isolate and select Bacillus from the gut of catfish as probiotic candidates in the fish feed production. Isolation was conducted by heating samples at 80 °C for 10-15 minutes using Triptone Soy Agar (TSA) media which have been added with 1% skim milk for proteolytic activity and 1% starch for amylolytic activity. Selection was conducted based on pathogenicity test, antibiotic susceptibility test and total suspended solids. Isolate that have ability to degrade feed would be made the growth curves, analysis of protease and amilase activites and also combination of bacteria isolate with feed. Selected isolates as candidate probiotic were identified furthermore using 6S-rRNA gene. Among 16 isolates, there were 7 isolates that have gamma hemolytic activity (PTB 1.1, PTB 1.2, PTB 1.4, PTB 1.7, STB 1.6, STB 1.1 and STB 2.1). Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that 3 isolates were sensitive to the tested antibiotics (PTB 1.4, PTB 1.7 and STB 1.6). These three selected isolates were tested for their ability to degrade fish feed. PTB 1.4 isolate was able to degrade the feed with the smallest residue on the filter paper (0.0068 g). PTB 1.4 isolate also has proteolytic and amylolytic index of 0.61 and 0.60, respectively. Amylase activity of PTB 1.4 isolate added with 1.2% feed reached the highest peak in 120-hour of observation time (0.399 µ/mL) and the highest protease activity was in 72-hour of observation time (6.595  µ/mL). PTB 1.4 isolate has the ability to degrade the feed with the amount of 106 CFU/mL inoculum. Based on 16S-rRNA gene sequences isolate PTB 1.4 was 99% homolog with Bacillus megaterium. Isolation and selection of probiotic candidate from Clarias sp. get PTB 1.4 was a best isolate that there were not pathogenic, sensitive to antibiotic test, had protease and amilase activities. PTB 1.4 isolate had capability to degrade the feed. Keywords: Bacillus, Clarias sp., probiotic, feed 
Karakteristik Suara Rhacophorus edentulus Mueller, 1894 Asal Pegunungan Mekongga, Sulawesi Tenggara (Anura: Rhacophoridae) Kurniati, Hellen
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2387.537 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2152

Abstract

Vocalizations Rhacophorus edentulus Mueller, 1894 have never been described before. The advertisement calls of four individual males of R. edentulus which originated from Mekongga Mountains, Southeast Sulawesi were recorded in December 7-8, 2010 at air temperatures of 20.5°C.  Location of sound recording for the four individual males were performed at two different places, call of one individual was recorded when it was calling in a plastic bag in the base camp, while calls of the other three individuals were recorded in their habitat in the forest. Adobe Audition 3.0 software was used to visualize sound waves.  Calls of R. edentulus have two types, i.e. pulses and pure tone.  Sound wave of pulses has two types, namely pulse type 1 and pulse type 2; whereas sound wave of pure tone also has two types, namely pure tone type 1 and pure tone type 2.  Based on the dominant frequency and the fundamental frequency of pure tones waves and pulse waves, the natural noise in the forest habitats affects the dynamics of the frequency of calls that were released by males R. edentulus; frequency sound with low noise is more dynamic than the frequency of the sound with high noise level. Key words: vocalization, Rhacophorus edentulus, Mekongga Mountains, Southeast Sulawesi. 
Freycinetia of Mount Nyiut and Palung, West Kalimantan based on Leaf Anatomical Characters Rizki, Fitri Sri; Chikmawati, Tatik; ., Rugayah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2165

Abstract

Freycinetia Gaudich. is a climber plant belongs to the family of Pandanaceae. Seven species of Freycinetia from Mount of Nyiut and Palung located in West Kalimantan have been recognized based on leaf anatomy. Paradermal and transversal leaf sections of those species were observed, and the data was used to construct a dendrogram using Jaccard similarity index  and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) method. Six main characters have been used to distingush and evaluate the similarity between its, i.e. number of hypodermal layers, number of palisade layers, shape of sponge tissue, layout of sclerenchyma tissue, stomata size,  presence of costal and intercostal cells, and shape of vascular bundle. Cluster analysis based on the anatomical data showed that seven Freycinetia species were clustered into two major groups at similarity coefficient 0.38. The first group consisted of F. angustifolia,   F. imbricata, F. sarawakensis, and F. winkleriana, while the second group consisted of F. corneri, F. sessiliflora and F. sumatrana. Keywords: Anatomical variation, Freycinetia, West Kalimantan 
Populasi, Ko-okurensi dan Preferensi Habitat Areca macrocalyx di Pulau Waigeo-Papua Barat Widyatmoko, Didik
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3501.742 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2160

Abstract

Research on population status, co-occurrence and habitat preference of the New Guinean palm Areca macrocalyx Zippelius ex Blume in hill forests of the Waigeo island (West Papua) was conducted in 2012 at six different habitat types: river bank, hill slope, hill top, intact, disturbed and converted forests. Population sizes varied spatially and were dominated by seedlings (62%) and juveniles (24%), indicating a growing population, in which recruitment and mortality were simultaneously continuous and density dependent. A. macrocalyx seemed to prefer specific habitats where river banks situated in the intact forest being the most suitable habitat. Although this palm still tolerated hill tops, the populations were suppressed and seemed to be sensitive to disturbance and changes in water table. A number of interrelating edaphic factors appeared to influence the abundance of this palm with a preference for well-drained soils with a high magnesium (Mg2+) content. High alkaline concentrations also corresponded to the density of the palm. Based on the association levels calculated using the Ochiai method, four tropical species (i.e. Licuala graminifolia, Tabernaemontana aurantiaca, Orania regalis, and Sommieria leucophylla) were positively associated with A. macrocalyx while ten other species were negatively associated. The palm tended to occupy sites with low-moderate C/N ratios where most sampled populations occurred in habitats with the average C/N values of lower than 10. Based on the r-squared values, exchangeable Mg2+ and Ca2+ appeared to have more influence on plant density and frequency than on canopy and basal area. Mortality was higher among the early growth stages but becoming very low in adult individuals. These findings suggest that edaphic factor is a determinant of the abundance and occurrence of the palm. To conserve the most important remaining populations, it is crucial to protect the most suitable sites and the existing-interconnected biotic factors in the reserve.  Keywords: Areca macrocalyx, population, co-occurrence, habitat preference, Waigeo island 
Analisis Molekuler Piramida Gen Xa pada Progeni Padi Varietas Ciherang dan Inpari 13 ., Fatimah; Prasetiyono, Joko; Priyatno, Tri Puji; Yunus, Muhammad; Suhartini, Tintin; Ridwan, Iman; Baroya, Mushlihatun
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2161

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a major disease in Indonesian lowland rice.This research was undertaken to pyramid three BLB resistant genes xa5, Xa7 and Xa21 and one background BLB resistant gene Xa4 into Ciherang and Inpari 13 varieties. The donor parent Code (Xa4+Xa7) was crossed with Angke (Xa4+xa5) while Ciherang and Inpari 13 were crossed with IRBB21 (Xa21). Progenies were selected using marker assisted selection and yield component observation. Foreground selection was conducted using SSR and STS markers linked with the targeted genes in the F1 and DCF1 population. Individuals with triple positives Xa genes were screened for the presence of Xa4 gene as the background. Selected heterozygote plants in F1 Code x Angke, F1 Ciherang x IRBB21 and F1 Inpari 13 x IRBB21 were used to develop DCF1 population. Molecular analysis on DCF1 population through alleles of three BLB resistant genes xa5, Xa7 and Xa21 and one background BLB resistant gene Xa4 resulted 8 (2,6%) in DCF1 Ciherang and 13 (3,5%) in DCF1 Inpari 13. Yield component characters on F1 Code x Angke resulted significant in number of panicle. F1 Ciherang x IRBB21, F1 Inpari 13 x IRBB21 and DCF1 Ciherang resulted significant in weight of empty grain while DCF1 Inpari 13 resulted no significance in all of observed characters. Keywords: Rice, F1 Population, DCF1 Population, molecular marker, Xa gene 
Penguncilan Gen Penyandi Enzim Nitrilase Enam Isolat Bakteri Unggulan Riffiani, Rini; Sulistinah, Nunik; Sunarko, Bambang
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3206.948 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2155

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara tropis memiliki biodiversitas yang sangat tinggi. Keanekaragaman hayati ini diperkirakan mencerminkan keanekaragaman kimiawi sekaligus keragaman genetik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencari biokatalis baru. Enam isolat bakteri yaitu GLB5, LP3, TPIK, MICC, 23A2, dan 23A2 telah diisolasi dari berbagai limbah industri dan mempunyai potensi sebagai pendegradasi nitril.  Pengucilan, identifikasi dan purifikasi gen penyandi enzim nitrilase dari keenam isolat bakteri tersebut  telah dilakukan. Dari kegiatan penelitian ini 3 isolat bakteri unggulan, yaitu GLB5, LP3, dan TPIK teridentifikasi sebagai Rhodococcus pyridinivorans, sedangkan  MICC teridentifikasi sebagai Bacillus substilis, 23A2 teridentifikasi sebagai Brevibacillus brevis, dan 26A2 teridentifikasi sebagai Microbacterium oxydans. Peta untaian basa nukleutida dari gen penyandi enzim nitrilase dari ketiga isolat yaitu GLB5, LP3, dan TPIK telah terpetakan dengan ukuran gen nitrilase sebesar 960 bp. Hasil analisis dengan BLASTN memperlihatkan bahwa fragmen gen nitrilase yang diamplifikasi dengan primer Nit1101F dan Nit1101R mempunyai homologi yang tinggi terhadap Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain tg1-A6 nitrilase gen dengan persentase kesamaan sebesar 96% . Kata Kunci: Gen, isolasi, nitril, degradasi, enzim 
Pengaruh Sumber N terhadap Degradasi Deltametrin dan Produksi IAA oleh Pseudomonas sp. PIV-8-2 Supriyati, Dyah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2114.019 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2166

Abstract

Deltamethrin is an active ingredient of insecticides such as decis, and its common pollutant observe in agricultural soil.  Microbes that able to degrade deltamethrine and produced IAA as plant growth promoting hormone is important to support organic agriculture. The aim of this study was to find deltamethrin degrading bacteria capable of producing IAA and to evaluate  the effect of nitrogen on degradation rate of deltametrin and IAA production. Deltametrin degrading  Bacteria was  isolated from non-organic rice fields around Cibinong Science Center. Deltamethrin degradation ability was evaluated in NMS medium with the addition of a nitrogen source: yeast extract, urea and NPK. Analyses of 16S rDNA showed that deltamethrin degrading bacteria and producing IAA was identified as Pseudomonas sp. PIV-8-2. Nitrogen siginificantly affect the degradation deltametrin rate, but not on  IAA production. Only on the addition of yeast extract and urea significanly  affect to IAA production after 2 days incubation.Keywords: Deltamethrin Degradation, IAA, Pseudomonas sp. PIV-8-2, Farming. 
Pertumbuhan dan Alokasi Biomassa pada Tanaman Artemisia annua L. Rahman, Wiguna; Widyatmoko, Didik
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3501.742 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2159

Abstract

Artemisia annua L. is known as one of the plants producing artemisinin, i.e. active compound that is used for anti-malaria theraphy. This plant has potency to be cultivated in Indonesia through seedlings and cuttings. The objective of  this study was to compare growth and biomass allocation of plants from seedlings and cuttings. The experiment was set using  Completely Randomize Design with one factor. The factor is type of plant propagation which cutted plant derived from three different ages of mother plants (1.5, 2, and 2.5 months after planting) and seedlings as control. The result showed that growth and biomass alleviation of the cuttings plants are more rapid than the seedlings. However, the cutting plants were flowering earlier than the seedling. At three months after planted, more than 70% of the cutting plants population have flowered. It is implied that the plants from cutting will loss about 70% of its yield potency than the seedling. On the other hand, there was no significant effects of the ages of mother plants on growth and biomass of the cutted plant (p>0.05). Therefore, seedlings were more effective than cutted plant on A. annua cultivation. Keywords: artemisia annua L., biomass allocation, cuttings, growth, seedlings. 
Variasi Intraspesies Lactobacillus plantarum (Orla-Jensen) Bergey et al. Asal Sayur Asin Berdasarkan Analisis Molekuler ., Sulistiani; ., Abinawanto; Sukara, Endang; Dinoto, Achmad; Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2162

Abstract

The current study is the first report on intraspecies analysis of L. plantarum from sayur asin in Indonesia using molecular approach. Three molecular techniques, i.e., restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR), random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) were used to determine the intraspecies diversity of L. plantarum responsible for spontaneous fermentation in sayur asin. These methods were aimed to discriminate 46 isolates of L. plantarum isolated from sayur asin, including the type strain. PCR amplification of the 16S-23S rDNA ISR revealed two-bands profile of 800 and 600 bp specific to lactobacilli. RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR were very valuable in discriminating genetic polymorphism among L. plantarum isolates by producing bands ranged from 4-10 bands (360-2620 bp) and 6-12 bands (160-2900 bp), respectively. Dendograms generated from UPGMA cluster analysis based on RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR data showed that all isolates were grouped into three major clusters with 74% and 68.6% genetic similarity thresholds, respectively.The study indicated that strains belong to L. plantarum isolated from sayur asin were divided into three genotypic groups. Keywords: ERIC-PCR, Intraspecies, Lactobacillus plantarum, RAPD-PCR, RFLP 16S-23S rDNA ISR 
Pengaruh Aplikasi Bacillus sp. 140-B dan Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW Terhadap Infeksi Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. cubense (FOC) dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pisang (Musa acuminata) var. Cavendish Laili, Nur; Antonius, Sarjiya; Salamah, Andi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3660.313 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2157

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the causal pathogen of wilt disease of banana. Abilities of  biocontrol agents Bacillus sp. 140-B and Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW to control Foc infection in banana were studied. Application of Bacillus sp. 140-B and Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW as single isolate or their combination in banana were tested under greenhouse conditions for 30 days. The aims of this study were to evaluate the potential of  Bacillus sp. 140-B and Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW as biocontrol agents in banana. Treatments of biocontrol showed significant effect on the reduction of foc infection diseases of banana, compared to control. The lowest disease severity was found on the treatment of single isolate Streptomyces sp.L.3.1-DW with infection degree of 29,33%. Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW could suppress Foc population (6,25 x 105 CFU/ml) in rhizosphere area after 30 days innoculation. Bacillus sp. 140-B and Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW were also act as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), that indicated by improvement of banana growth, in which Streptomyces L.3.1-DW caused the highest growth of banana either with or without Foc infection.  This study indicated that Bacillus sp. 140-B and Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW have potential as alternative solutions to control Fusarium wilt in banana var. Cavendish. Keywords: Bacillus sp. 140-B, banana, biocontrol, Foc, PGPR, Streptomyces sp. L.3.1-DW. 

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