Nirwani Soenardjo
Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

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Komposisi Perifiton Pada Daun Lamun Enhalus acoroides, Royle 1839 (Angiosperms : Hydrocharitaceae) dan Thalassia hemrpichii, Ascherson 1871 (Angiosperms : Hydrocharitaceae) di Perairan Teluk Awur, Jepara Utama, Abdino Putra; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Endrawati, Hadi
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (624.912 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v8i4.24521

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Perifiton merupakan salah satu organisme yang berkontribusi besar dalam meningkatkan produktivitas primer di ekosistem lamun. Kondisi padang lamun sangat menentukan keberadaan perifiton, sehingga pada kondisi lamun yang baik merupakan tempat yang layak untuk penempelan perifiton. Aktivitas antropogenik akan menyebabkan gangguan maupun kerusakan pada lamun sehingga mempengaruhi penempelan perifiton pada lamun. Perairan Teluk Awur dekat dengan kegiatan-kegiatan antropogenik yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada kondisi lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhi jenis dan kelimpahan perifiton yang hidup pada lamun jenis Enhalus acoroides dan Thalassia  hemprichii, serta kelimpahan perifiton pada tiap bagian daun (pangkal, tengah dan ujung). Pengambilan sampel daun lamun dilaksanakan Bulan November 2018 di Perairan Teluk Awur, Kabupaten Jepara. Identifikasi jenis lamun dilakukan pada lokasi penelitian, dan identifikasi jenis perifiton dilakukan pada laboratorium. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa, komposisi perifiton terdapat 6 kelas terdiri dari 23 genus dengan kelimpahan tertinggi selalu terdapat pada ujung daun. Genus yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Nitzschia. Kelimpahan perifiton pada lamun jenis E. acoroides dan T. hemprichii secara berturut – turut sebanyak 2689,33 individu/cm2 dan 3158,67 individu/cm2. Kelimpahan perifiton semakin meningkat ketika mendekati bagian ujung daun. ABSTRACT: Periphyton is one of the organism that contributes greatly in increasing primary productivity on seagrass ecosystems. Seagrass conditions greatly determine the presence of periphyton, so when a good seagrass conditions, it is a suitable place for periphyton attachment. Anthropogenic activity will cause disturbance and damage to seagrass, which affects the attachment of periphyton on seagrass. Teluk Awur waters are close to anthropogenic activities which can cause interference with the conditions of the surrounding environment.This study aims to determine the type and abundance of periphyton that lives on the types of seagrass leaves Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii, as well as periphyton abundance in each part of the leaf (base, middle and tip).Sampling of seagrass leaves was carried out on November 2018 in Teluk Awur, Jepara Regency. Identification of seagrass species was carried out at the study site, and identification of the type of periphyton was carried out in the laboratory. Based on the results of the study, that on periphyton composition, 6 classes are consisting of 23 genera with the highest abundance always found at the tip of the leaf. The most common found genus is Nitzschia. Periphyton abundance in seagrass species E. acoroides and T. hemprichii respectively were 2689.33 Ind/cm2 and 3158,67 Ind/cm2. Periphyton abundance inceases as it approaches the tip of the leaves.
Struktur dan Komposisi Vegetasi Mangrove di Kawasan Pesisir Pulau Sebatik, Kabupaten Nunukan, Kalimantan Timur Ardiansyah, Windy Indra; Pribadi, Rudhi; Soenardjo, Nirwani
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v1i2.2039

Abstract

Sebatik Island is one of the main habitat of mangrove ecosystems in Indonesia. Based on the function, one of the mangrove forest resources with huge potential. Mangrove communities occupy the area between land and sea that have environmental conditions differ from one another. This is interesting because the management is still encountered some problems such as the conversion of mangrove forest as an area of fishpond, housing and other interests. The purpose of this study to determine the structure and composition of mangrove vegetation in Coastal Areas of Sebatik Island, Nunukan regency, East Kalimantan. The study was conducted at five locations on the island of Sebatik, the River Stake, Cape Coral, Balansiku, Setabu and Bambangan, each site is divided into 9 transects. Vegetation data retrieval done by the method of sampling survey. Each transect sampling plot made. Each individual tree (plot 10 m x 10 m) and Sapling (subplot 5 m x 5 m) were identified and measured diameter at breast height (± 1.3 m). While the calculated number of seedlings of each species and the percentage of closure (plots 1 mx 1 m). Mangrove area. The results indicate the presence of 19 species of mangrove species that fall into 14 families were found at the sites. In general, vegetation of mangrove tree is dominated by Sonneratia alba in Sebatik Island with Importance Value (IV) range from 86.83 - 171.43 % and density 500 ind/ha - 2000 ind/ha, except Bambangan which dominated by Rhizophora apiculata 86.52% and density 100 ind/ha. Sapling category, dominated by species of Sonneratia alba in Balansiku and Setabu with IV 136.65 % and 67.65 % with a density 3200 ind/ha and 1600 ind/ha. Sungai Pancang is dominated by species Avicennia alba with IV 81.64 % and density 2000 ind/ha, Tanjung Karang dominated by species Rhizopohora mucronata with IV 59.24% and density 1200 ind/ha, and Bambangan dominated by species Rhizopohora apiculata with IV 82.76% and density 2000 ind/ha. Seedling category, dominated by species of Sonneratia alba in the Sungai Pancang and Setabu with IV 107.15% and 72.79% with a density 30 000 ind/ha and 60 000 ind/ha, Tanjung Karang and Bambangan dominated by species of Rhizophora apiculata with IV 115.55 % and 136.53% and density 50 000 ind/ha and 150 000 ind/ha. species diversity and evenness was average.
Akumulasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Histologi Akar Mangrove Avicennia marina (Forssk). Vierh. di Perairan Mangunharjo Semarang Jupriyati, Ruri; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Suryono, Chrisna Adhi
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (523.813 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v3i1.4598

Abstract

Mangunharjo areas water is an area of coastal waters and the sea which close to the settlement industry and community activities. Where feared result of industrial waste were dumped around it that cause pollution. One form of pollution is the waste produced in the form of lead (Pb) heavy metals is a heavy metal element that can not be broken down by natural processes. The existence of Pb in nature have an impact on coastal vegetation is mangrove. Mangroves are coastal ecosystems which have an important role in estuarine areas. Other mangrove function is to absorb organic and non-organic materials. The purpose of this research was to study the accumulation of lead (Pb) heavy metals in Avicennia marina mangrove roots and influences the type of heavy metal accumulation of lead (Pb) to root tissue in Avicennia marina waters Mangunharjo. This research was conducted with descriptive analytic method. The results showed the amount of heavy metals on the roots of Avicennia marina Pb higher than the Pb content of heavy metals in sediment and water indicating that these plants are able to accumulate heavy metals in the roots to absorb these elements in sediments and water. Observations cell histology showed no change in root tissues of Avicennia marina.
Hubungan Pengendapan Suspended Sedimen dengan Kerapatan Mangrove pada Perairan Romokalisari, Surabaya Arifin, Muhammad Yusuf; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Suryono, Chrisna Adhi
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (652.629 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v8i4.24850

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ABSTRAK: Romokalisari merupakan bagian hilir dari sungai Lamong, dimana daerah tersebut merupakan daerah pasang surut dan rawan terhadap banjir. Romokalisari banyak ditumbuhi oleh mangrove yang sangat rapat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kerapatan mangrove terhadap laju pengendapan suspended sedimen pada perairan Romokalisari, Surabaya. Sampel sedimen diambil dari 8 stasiun yang terbagi dalam wilayah muara, mangrove dan laut, dimana masing-masing stasiun diulang 4 kali dengan periode setiap minggu. Analisis sampel sedimen menggunakan metode hydrometer dan analisis data menggunakan One Way Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan laju pengendapan suspended sedimen antara muara, mangrove dan laut, dengan nilai p = 0,046 < 0,05. Laju pengendapan suspended tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 1 di wilayah muara dengan nilai sebesar 86,97 g/cm2/minggu dan laju pengendapan suspended terendah terdapat pada stasiun 2 di wilayah mangrove dengan nilai sebesar14,36g/cm2/minggu. ABSTRACT: Romokalisari is downstream part of the Lamong River, where the area is tidal and prone to flooding. Romokalisari is overgrown by very dense mangroves. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mangrove density on suspended sediment rate in Romokalisari, Surabaya. Sediment sample were taken from 8 statios divided into estuaries, mangroves, and sea areas, each station was repeated 4 times with periods each week. Analysis of sediment samples using a hydrometer and data analysis using One Way Anova. The results showed that there were differences in suspended sedimentation rates between estuaries, mangroves and seas, with a value of p = 0,046 < 0,05. The highest suspended deposition rate is at station 1 in the estuary area with a value of 86.97 g/cm2/week and the lowest suspended deposition rate is at station 2 in the mangrove area with a value of 14.36 g/cm2/week.
Kajian Program Rehabilitasi Mangrove Di Desa Banyu Urip Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik Hidayat, Noer Chozin; Ario, Raden; Soenardjo, Nirwani
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (658.004 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v7i1.25884

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ABSTRAK : Komunitas mangrove menempati area diantara darat dan laut yang memiliki kondisi lingkungan berbeda satu sama lain. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui struktur vegetasi mangrove dan mengetahui kesesuaian jenis mangrove yang sesuai untuk perencanaan program rehabilitasi mangrove di Desa Banyu Urip Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Maret 2015 sampai Januari 2016. Pengambilan data vegetasi dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan setiap transek dibuat plot sampling. Setiap individu pohon (plot 10 m x 10 m) dan sapling (anakan) (subplot 5 m x 5 m) diidentifikasi dan diukur diameternya setinggi dada (±1,3 m). Sementara seedling (semai) dihitung jumlah masing-masing spesies dan persentase penutupannya (subplot 1 m x 1 m). Hasil penelitian di Desa Banyu Urip ditemukan 4 spesies mangrove dari 3 famili. Vegetasi pohon mangrove di Desa Banyu Urip berada dalam kondisi baik dan memiliki kerapatan 7533 ind/ha. Vegetasi Mangrove di Desa Banyu Urip didominasi spesies Avicennia marina. Kategori sapling memiliki kerapatan 19200 ind/ha dan didominasi oleh spesies Rhizopora Mucronata. Kategori seedling, memiliki kerapatan 113333 ind/ha didominasi oleh spesies Avicennia marina. Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) dan Keseragaman (J’) mangrove di Desa Banyu Urip kategori pohon masuk dalam kategori rendah. Kawasan Mangrove yang dapat dijadikan sebagai kawasan rehabilitasi memiliki luas lahan ± 2,84 ha dengan jumlah pohon yang dapat ditanam ± 32.340 pohon dalam jarak 1m x 1m dengan sistem tanam banjar harian. Jenis mangrove yang sesuai dan dapat tumbuh di pesisir Desa Banyu Urip adalah Rhizopora stylosa, R. mucronata, R. apiculata, dan Avicennia sp. ABSTRACT : Mangrove Vegetation occupy the area between land and sea that have environmental conditions differ from one another. The purpose of this study is to know about the structure and composition of mangrove vegetation for rehabilitation program planning in Banyu Urip, Sub-District of Ujung Pangkah, District of Gresik , East Java.The study was conducted in March, 2015 to January, 2016. Vegetation data was done with purposive sampling method and every transect was made with plot sampling method. Each tree (plot 10 m x 10 m) and sapling (subplot 5 m x 5 m) was identified and measured on diameter at breast height (± 1.3 m).  Meanwhile, Seedling calculated the amount of each species and the percentage of cover (subplot 1 m x 1 m). The research finding at Banyu Urip shows that there are 4 mangroves of 3 families. The mangrove vegetation at Banyu Urip in good conditions and has a density at 7533 ind/ha. mangrove vegetation at Banyu Urip is dominated by Avicennia marina species. Sapling category has a density at 19200 ind/ha and dominated by Rhizophora mucronata species. Seedling category has a density at 113333 ind/ha and dominated by Avicennia marina species. In tree category, variety index  (H’) and  uniformity (J’) of mangrove at Banyu Urip categorized as a low category.  Mangrove area that can become as rehabilitation area has extensive ± 2,84 ha with number of trees that can be planted ± 32.340 trees with gap 1m x 1m and using row plant system. mangrove that can grow and survive at Banyu Urip coastal area are Rhizopora stylosa, R. mucronata, R. apiculata, and  Avicennia sp.
Pengaruh Kadar Abu Gosok Selama Perebusan Dan Lama Perendaman Air Terhadap Kadar Tanin Buah Dan Tepung Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Perdana, Yanuar Sandy; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Supriyantini, Endang
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.554 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v1i2.2041

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Mangrove fruit has the potential to be developed as a potential food source, but the presence of toxins in the fruit are considered harmful if consumed in the long run. Therefore, research needs to be done to eliminate or reduce the levels of toxins in the mangrove fruit, The poison in one of which is the fruit of mangrove tannins. One alternative to reduce the levels of toxins in the fruit of the mangrove scrub with ash and water immersion. This research used Completely Randomized Design, factorial pattern consisting of two factors with three replications, factor I was rubbing ash powder content (5%, 10%, and 15%), and factor II is long soaking water for 6 hours (with 4, 8, 12 times the turnover of water). The results showed that treatment with boiling some rubbing ash content (5%, 10%, and 15%) and long soaking water to give a significant influence (P <0.05) toward decreased levels of mangrove Avicennia marina fruit tannins. Treatment of boiling ash content of 15% gave the lowest reduction is 28.92% and the long soaking water for 6 hours with a change of water 12 times giving the low tannin levels decrease is 28.80%, as well as mangrove fruit flouring will A.marina lower levels of tannin by 28.44%.
KAJIAN KEBERADAAN KOMUNITAS MAKROZOOBENTHOS PADA KONDISI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE YANG BERBEDA DI PESISIR SEMARANG Mentarijuita, Riana; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Riniatsih, Ita
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (218.89 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v3i3.6003

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Program penanaman mangrove merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilaksanakan untuk rehabilitasi kondisi ekosistem mangrove yang telah mengalami kerusakan.Namun program rehabilitasi dan penanaman mangrove di petakan tambak Kelurahan Karanganyar Pesisir Semarang mengalami kegagalan.Hal ini dikarenakan bibit mangrove tidak dapat tumbuh seperti yang diharapkan.Kondisi ekosistem mangrove yang terganggu ini, dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan respon individu maupun komunitas biota didalamnya, yakni Makrozoobenthos. Makrozoobenthos ini menetap di dasar perairan dan memiliki pergerakan relatif lambat serta daur hidup relatif lama sehingga memiliki kemampuan merespon tekanan ekologis tersebut.Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November– Desember 2013. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel makrozoobenthos dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan semi-kuantitatif.Hasil penelitian menemukan genera makrozoobenthos sebanyak 56.Keseluruhan genus terdiri dari 3 kelas, Gastropoda (11), Crustacea (14) dan Polychaeta (31).Rata-rata kelimpahan berkisar antara 268 – 670 Ind/m2.Dimana kelimpahan tertinggi ditemukan di Lokasi Karanganyar 2, sedangkan terendah adalah di Pantai Maron. Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) termasuk dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi (1,55 – 3,71). Indeks Keseragaman (e) termasuk dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi (0,44 – 0,96). Dominansi (C) berkisar antara (0,04 – 0,56), ada dominansi spesies. Kondisi mangrove yang berbeda tidaklah mempengaruhi keberadaan makrozoobenthos, melainkan jenis substrat yang lebih mempengaruhinya.
Analisis Kondisi Lingkungan Pada Kawasan Rehabilitasi Mangrove Di Kota Semarang Hermayanti, Hilda Yuli; Tri Nuraini, Ria Azizah; Soenardjo, Nirwani
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (250.489 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v3i4.11407

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Keberadaan hutan mangrove, khususnya di Kota Semarang sangat rentan terhadap berbagai macam kerusakan yang ditimbulkan akibat erosi, abrasi dan konversi lahan, sehinga perlu dilakukan upaya rehabilitasi untuk memulihkan kembali kondisi hutan mangrove. Kegiatan rehabilitasi memang sudah dilakukan, tetapi tingkat keberhasilan di tiap kawasan memiliki perbedaan yang cukup bervariasi tergantung dari kondisi lingkungan setempat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2013 di kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove Kelurahan Karanganyar dan Pantai Maron Kelurahan Tambakharjo, Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan perairan di kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove Kelurahan Karanganyar dan Pantai Maron Kelurahan Tambakharjo, Semarang sesuai bagi kehidupan mangrove. Hal ini terlihat dari sebagian besar parameter lingkungan perairan yang masih berada dalam batas kisaran optimum bagi kehidupan mangrove
Logam Pb pada Avicennia marina Forssk, 1844 (Angiosperms : Acanthaceae) di Lingkungan Air, Sedimen, di Pesisir Timur Semarang Testi, Ega Hagita; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Pramesti, Rini
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (560.838 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v8i2.25212

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Akar Avicennia marina merupakan bagian yang pertama terpapar logam berat timbal. Akar ini menyerap dan menyebarkan keseluruh bagian tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kandungan logam berat Pb dalam akar dan daun A. marina disekitar Kawasan Perairan Industri Terboyo, Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan penentuan lokasi dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel meliputi air, sedimen, akar, dan daun mangrove di sepanjang aliran Sungai Sringin, Sungai Babon, dan Sungai Tenggang. Analisis kandungan logam berat di air dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Lingkungan Hidup (BLH). Analisis kandungan logam berat di sedimen, akar, daun muda dan daun tua dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Besar Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri (BBTPPI) dengan menggunakan Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry (AAS). Kandungan logam berat dalam air <0,00-0,01 mg/L, sedimen <0,03 - 6,23 mg/kg, akar 0,20-0,31 mg/kg, daun muda 0,10-0,13 mg/kg, dan daun tua 0,10-0,15 mg/kg. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kandungan logam berat di air diatas baku mutu (KepMen LH No. 51, 2004) sebesar 0,008 mg/L sedangkan sedimen dibawah baku mutu (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1999) sebesar 30,24 ppm. ABSTRACT : The roots of Avicennia marina was a plant that can be accumulated by heavy metals. This  plant roots were first exposed to heavy metals, especially heavy metals Pb, was the root. The roots would absorb and spread in all parts of the plant This study was aimed to examine the heavy metal content of Pb in the roots and leaves of A. marina around Area of Terboyo Industrial Water, Semarang. The method used in this research was descriptive method and the location decision with  purposive sampling method. The sampling included were water, sediments, roots, mangrove leaves along Sringin River, Babon River, and Tenggang River. The analysis of heavy metal content in the water was performed in the Laboratory of Environment (BLH). The analysis of heavy metal content in the sediment, the roots, young leaves and old leaves were conducted in Laboratory Technology Center Industrial Pollution Prevention (BBTPPI) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Heavy Metal contained in water < 0,00 to  0,01 mg/L, sediment < 0,030 to 6,23 mg/kg, the roots of A. marina were 0,20 to 0,31 mg/kg, the young leaves were 0,10 to 0,13 mg/kg, and the old leaves 0,10 to 0,15 mg/kg. the result of this research can be concluded that the heavy metal content  in water were high quality standard (KepMen LH No. 51, 2004) of 0,008 mg/L and in sediments below was
Kajian Bioekologi dan Strategi Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove : Studi Kasus di Teluk Awur Jepara Pradana, Oky Yuripa; Soenardjo, Nirwani; Suryono, Suryono
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (139.939 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v2i1.2056

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Mangrove ecosystem have an important role in the environment. The ecological values of mangrove Teluk Awur is a place for feeding, nursery and spawning ground mangrove organism. This environment also produce detritus that support the existence of organic matter in the waters around. The purpose of this research was to study the condition of mangroves bioecology and socio-economic conditions for integrated stakeholders strategy and management of mangrove Teluk Awur Jepara. Method used is case study, explorative and descriptive. Data were analyzed using SWOT analysis by weighting or scoring. The result showed Teluk Awur mangrove ecosystem in the categorized into good criteria because of it’s density > 1500 ind/ha. There are 27 mangrove species and various fauna depend their lives on to of Teluk Awur mangrove ecosystems. Management strategies are recommended as the first priority is providing mangrove rehabilitation activities involving the public directly (score 4.125). Second, environmental education and sustainable use of mangrove resources to local communities (score 2.887). Third, rulemaking and standard operating procedure (SOP) specifically management of Teluk Awur mangrove ecosystems by Diponegoro University: Marine Station (score 2.601).