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All Journal JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Dinamika Pendidikan JIMKesmas (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat) BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Health Notions ANNALES BOGORIENSES Teknologi Indonesia Performance JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MANAGEMENT
BAMBANG SUNARKO
Microbiology Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences-LIPI, Jalan Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Identification Of Degradation Pathway Of Vinylacetate Using Bacterial Isolate V2 And Characterization Of The Involved Enzymes Sunarko, Bambang; Sulistinah, Nunik; Nieder, Maria; Meyer, Ortwin
ANNALES BOGORIENSES Vol 10, No 1 (2005): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : Research Center for Biotechnology - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.1234/13

Abstract

Vinyl acetate is a toxic substance, but has a high commercial value. In this study we show that vinyl acetate is subject to microbial degradation at rates of up to 6.38 and 1 mmol/h per g (dry weight) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. It was hydrolyzed by bacterium V2 to ethano, acetaldehyde and acetate. The enzymes involved in the metabolism of vinylacetate were vinyl acetate esterase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase, which localized in the cytoplasmic fraction. The Km values of vinyl acetate esterase and alcohol dehydrogenase were 6.13 mM and 0.24 mM. respectively. Vinyl acetate esterase hydrolyzed the ester to acetate and vinyl alcohol. The Latter isomerized spontaneously to acetaldehyde and was then converted to acetate.The acetaldehyde was disproportionated into ethanol and acetate. The acetate was then converted to acetyl coenzyme A and oxidized through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate bypass .  
The Development of A Bioassay Based on Heterologous Expression of M2 Ion-Channel Protein Prasetyoputri, Anggia; Yuliaty, Neti; Tuharea, Warda; Febyanti, Alisin Febyanti; Sunarko, Bambang; Atmosukarto, Ines I.C
ANNALES BOGORIENSES Vol 14, No 2 (2010): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : Research Center for Biotechnology - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (429.809 KB) | DOI: 10.1234/57

Abstract

Emerging resistant viral  strains combined with the  limited availability of antivirals  in  a pandemic scenario highlight the need for the development of novel influenza antivirals. A bioassay based on the M2 protein of influenza virus  -  a potential target for antivirals - was developed to screen endophytic microbial extracts. M2 can be synthesized using PCR, thus eliminating the need for the handling of infectious specimen. Following cloning of the M2 gene into a pET backbone, the resultant plasmid was transformed into BL21 (DE3) pLyss E. coli  cells.  Cultures of these cells were set up at 37C following inoculation with a starter culture, to reach an OD  at  600nm  (OD) of  0.4-0.6.  Once  at  the  required  OD,  the  culture  was  split  in  two  aliquots  and expression  of  the  M2  protein  was  induced  in  one  of  the  duplicates  with  the  addition  of  isopropyl  β-Dthiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). Bacterial growth was monitored at 60 -minute intervals. Exogenous expression of  the  M2  protein  has  been  reported to  decrease  host  cells  viability,  resulting  in  lower  OD 600 values. Our results  suggest  that  the  M2  protein  was  expressed  and  that  overexpression  of  this  protein  resulted  in consistently lower OD 600  values of induced cultures compared with that of uninduced cultures. Based on this principle,  extracts  can  be  screened  for  their  ability  to  block  M2  function  as  identified  by  increased  OD 600 values.   Keywords: influenza, M2, bioassay, gene synthesis, antiviral
Analysis of Environment Management on The Case of Dengue Fever in Sukomoro Sub-district, Magetan District Irawan, Djoko Windu P.; Indraswati, Denok; Supriyono, Vincentius; Wijono, Trimawan Heru; Sunarko, Bambang
Health Notions Vol 1 No 3 (2017): July-September 2017
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (Address: Cemara street 25, Ds/Kec Sukorejo, Ponorogo, East Java, Indonesia 63453)

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Abstract

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a serious health problem because it is endemic and often attacks the community. A comprehensive approach to the prevention of  DHF cases   should  take into  account the physical, biological, social and management  aspects of the environment. The objectives of the study was to analyze the environmental management and environmental relationship to DHF incident in Sukomoro Sub-district,  Magetan District.  This study was  observational with cross sectional design. The sample were head of family in endemic and non endemic areas, totally 100 head of family. Methods of data analysis used in the study were frequency, Chi-square and Kendall Concordance Coefficient test. The results were:  1) there was no relationship between occupant  density, daytime  sleeping  habits, cleaning habits  of water   reservoirs,  community  participation in  mosquito nest eradication with  DHF   incidence, 2) there was a relationship between moisture, place of breeding, resting place, larva, habit of hanging cloth, and physical, biological, and social environmental factors with DHF. Conclusion: physical, biological, and social environmental factors are related to the incidence of DHF. The implementation of environmental management still needs improvement in the aspect of cadre development and the making of work plan and its implementation. 
BIOTRANSFORMASI 3-SIANOPIRIDIN MENJADI NIKOTINAMIDA DENGAN SEL CORYNEBACTERIUM D5 SEBAGAI BIOKATALIS Sunarko, Bambang; Sulistinah, Nunik
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 34 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.048 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v34iKhusus.46

Abstract

A number of microbes isolated from industrial effl uents were studied to characterise their capability to convert 3-cyanopiridine. Isolate D5, identifi ed as Corynebacterium D5, was able to hydrolise 3-cyanopridin to nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, and ammonia catalyzed by nitrile-hydratase and amidase. The activity of nitrile-hydratase and amidase of Corynebacterium D5 were 0.364 U nad 0.200 U, respectively. The optimum hydrolisis of 3-cyanopiridine were occurred at 25oC and pH 7.0. Corynebacterium D5 exhibited the best growth (0.43 g cells dry weight/liter), when 0.5% (v/v) acetonitrile and 20 mM 3-cyanopiridine were used as sources of carbon, energy, and nitrogen.
SCREENING OF NITRILE-DEGARADING ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM THE BIODIVERSITY OF INDONESIA Atmosukarto, Ines I. C.; Sunarko, Bambang
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 34 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v34iKhusus.47

Abstract

Nitriles are an important group of compounds which appear in the environment via natural or industrial synthesis. Nitrile-metabolising microorganisms usually convert nitriles via one of the following two hydrolytic pathways: 1) conversion of the nitrile directly to its corresponding carboxylic acid and ammonia by nitrilase, and/or 2) conversion of the nitrile by nitrile hydratase to an intermediate amide, which is then converted by an amidase to the corresponding carboxylic acid and ammonia. The potential biotechnological application of these enzymes to produce amides and/or acids from nitriles has a major industrial interest. Higher plants are host to microorganisms, generally referred to as endophytic microbes (or endophytes) which colonise the internal tissue of living plants without causing overt negative effects to their host. Rare and biologically active compounds have been isolated from these microbes ranging from anti-infective activity, antioxidant, anticancer, insecticidal and others. Some of the compounds that have been discovered in endophytic microbes include taxol, cryptocin, cryptocandin, and ambuic acid amongst a few. However, the potential of this relatively untapped source of microbial diversity as a source of nitrile converting enzymes has yet to be evaluated. In this study we have tested approximately 850 bacterial endophytes for their ability to utilize acetonitrile (aliphatic nitrile) and benzonitrile (aromatic nitrile) as a sole source of energy, carbon and nitrogen for their growth. Based on their growth pattern, 97 isolates of those were able to utilize acetonitrile, of which 7 could also utilise benzonitrile. This result suggests that those isolates are likely to possess enzymes which are able to convert nitriles as indicated by the presence of metabolic byproducts such as carboxylic acid and ammonia. This is to our knowledge the first report of such activity for endophytic bacteria.
RHODOCOCCUS PYRIDINIVORANS STRAIN TPIK, A NITRILE-DEGRADING BACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM TAILING POND OF ANTAM GOLD MINING INDUSTRY , PONGKOR Sulistinah, Nunik; Riffiani, Rini; Sunarko, Bambang
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 38, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v38i2.158

Abstract

Nitriles are widely manufactured and extensively used by chemical industries as synthesis intermediates. Although these compounds are generally highly toxic, due to their cyano functional group, they can be used by some microorganisms as carbon and/or nitrogen sources. Nitrilase catalyzes the direct cleavage of nitriles to the corresponding acids and ammonia, where as nitrile-hydratase catalyzes the hydratation of nitriles to amides. Applications of these nitrile-converting enzymes are now increasingly recognized for the production of several pharmaceutically important compounds and fine chemicals. By virtue of their capability to eliminate highly toxic nitriles, the enzymes also play a significant role in protecting the environment. Accordingly, it is very important to find microorganisms that have a great capacity to utilize or degrade nitriles. Recently, a bacterial isolate TPIK which shows high nitrile degrading activity has been isolated. The strain was isolated from tailing pond of gold mine activity by selective enrichment methods. TPIK was shown to be capable of degrading high concentrations of nitrile (up to approx. 1 M acetonitrile). Colonies of TPIK are light orange in colour and have irregularly round wrinkles. The cells of TPIK are non-spore-forming, non motile and Gram-positive, but are Gram-variable in old cultures. The cells are rods and brached fillaments during the early growth phase and then fragmented into short rods and cocci. The taxonomic position of TPIK was clarified using molecular genetic methods. The phylogenetic tree showed that bacterial isolate TPIK falls within an evolutionary radiation comprising Rhodococcus species and is most closely related to the type strain of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans, sharing 99% 16S rDNA similarity. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first time that Rhodococcus pyridinivorans has been described as containing nitrile-degrading enzymes. Usually, this bacterial strain has been studied for its ability to degrade carcinogenic compounds, like pyridine.
BAGAIMANA MEMANFAATKAN DAN MENGKOORDINASIKAN BUSINESS NETWORK RESOURCES UNTUK INTERNASIONALISASI PASAR? Sunarko, Bambang; Suroso, Agus
Performance Vol 15 No 1 (2012): Performance
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (300.197 KB)

Abstract

Globalization has strong influence on SMEs business and some see this phenomenon as an opportunity to expand. Improved technology and communications have made it easier for firms of all sizes and in various locations to do business with each other. More businesses today including SMEs are pursuit foreign market for the reason of business growth. Palm sugar is the main product of Banyumas Regency and its market coverage ranging from domestic to foreign market. This research is aimed to understand the process of internationalization, how the resources are should be organized to reach foreign market. Research strategy used is case study since its complexity of the phenomena. This case study of SMEs illustrate the process of market internationalization and provides useful insight for both government and SMEs which are intend to enter foreign markets.
ANALISIS PENILAIAN HARGA WAJAR SAHAM MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN DIVIDEND DISCOUNT MODEL, PRICE EARNING RATIO DAN PRICE TO BOOK VALUE Ismunarti, Nurbani Aulia; Sunarko, Bambang; Tohir, Tohir
Performance Vol 23 No 2 (2016): Performance
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the intrinsic value of coal mining company stock listed in LQ45 Index during 2010-2014 period used Dividend Discount Model (DDM) Pertumbuhan Berganda, Price Earning Ratio (PER) and Price to Book Value (PBV) approach. Intrinsic value will compared with market stock value, henceforth be one of basic for taking investment decision in capial market. Difference of intrinsic stock value with market stock value is tasted by Paired Sample T-Test. For this research, the sample used is PT. Adaro Energy Tbk (ADRO), PT. Indo Tambangraya Megah Tbk (ITMG) and PT. Bukit Asam Tbk (PTBA).The result of this research showed that the market stock value of the coal mining company listed in LQ45 Index is higher than intrinsic stock value (overvalued) based DDM Pertumbuhan Berganda and PBV approach. While based PER approach, the market stock value of the coal mining company is lower than intrinsic stock value (undervalued). And then, for the result of paired sample t-test showed that based on DDM Pertumbuhan Berganda , PER and PBV approach has a significant difference between intrinsic value with market stock value.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN INVESTASI DALAM RANGKA EKSPANSI (STUDI KASUS PADA PDAM TIRTA SATRIA KABUPATEN BANYUMAS) Nofiyanti, Nofa; Sunarko, Bambang; Widiastuti, Ekaningtyas
Performance Vol 23 No 1 (2016): Performance
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Abstract

This research study is a case study conducted in PDAM Tirta Satria Kabupaten Banyumas. This research entitled “Invesment Feasibility Analysis in the Context Ex-pansion (Case Study of PDAM Tirta Satria Kabupaten Banyumas)”. The objective of this research study is to determine the expansion in fixed assets that will conducted by PDAM Tirta Satria Kabupaten Banyumas feasible in the term of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period methods. Population and sample in this research is PDAM Tirta Satria Kabupaten Banyumas, using boring sampling as a sampling method.The result of the research showed: the investment in order to expand the addition of fixed assets that will be run by PDAM Tirta Satria Kabupaten Banyumas feasible by considering the results of the analysis Internal Rate of Return method of 21% which greater than the cost of capital that has been determined of 10% (IRR>k) and Payback Period method, the investment will show a time for 4 years and 8 months 26 days to capital return on investment so that investment is feasible.
Determinan struktur modal dan pengaruhnya terhadap return saham pada industri barang dan konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI Wulandari, Ega Surya; Sunarko, Bambang; Tohir, Tohir
Performance Vol 24 No 1 (2017): Performance
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (916.829 KB)

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine influence between profitability measured by return on asset (ROA), liquidity measured by current ratio (CR), cash holding, non-debt tax shield, and asset growth on capital structure measured by debt to equity ratio (DER) and the influence on stock return. Methodology: This research was conducted during the period of 2011-2015. This research is quantitative research that used associative studies to determine the relationship or influence between two or more variables. Population in this research was all of consumer goods industries listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of research. This research combines multiple and simple regression analysis technique. In addition, hypothesis testing used coefficient of determination, F-test statistic, and t-test statistic. Findings: The result of this research indicates that profitability (ROA) has positive influence toward capital structure. Liquidity (current ratio) and cash holding have negative influence toward capital structure. Non-debt tax shield and asset growth do not have significant influence toward capital structure. Furthermore, capital structure does not have significant influence toward stock return. Keywords: profitability, liquidity, cash holding, non-debt-tax shield, asset growth, capital structure, stock return.
Co-Authors Adityarini, Adityarini AFFANDI, FAKHRUN AFRILIYANI, UCI Agus Suroso Ahmad Thontowi ary yunanto Ashari Ashari Atmosukarto, Ines I. C. Atmosukarto, Ines I.C Cut Misni Mulasiwi Ekaningtyas Widiastuti Febyanti, Alisin Febyanti H. Djoko Windu P. Irawan Indraswati, Denok INDRAWATI GANDJAR Indriati, Suci Ismunarti, Nurbani Aulia Kaban, Joseva Sudiati Kaban, Joseva Sudiati Karsidi Karsidi, Karsidi Matswaya, Akrimi Meyer, Ortwin Munandar, Hendra Nieder, Maria Nofiyanti, Nofa NUNIK SULISTINAH Nur Latifah, Nur Oktafianti, Ika Prasetyoputri, Anggia Putri, Anggi Arinta Putri, Gaviota Gilda RETNO WIDURI Rini Riffiani Sri Martini Subowo, YS Suprijandani Supriyati, Dyah Supriyono, Vincentius Suwaryo, Suwaryo Tambunan, Usman Sumo F Tohir Tohir, Tohir Tuharea, Warda WICAKSONO, BUDIAWAN AJI Wijono, Trimawan Heru Wulandari, Ega Surya Yuliaty, Neti