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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Jurnal Kefarmasian AKFARINDO
Eli Halimah, Eli
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Computer Science & IT Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Pengujian Efek Antikalkuli dari Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) secara In Vitro Rusdiana, Taofik; Sriwidodo, Sriwidodo; Solahudin, Jajan; Halimah, Eli; Irwan, Aep W; Amin, Suseno; Sumiwi, Sri A; Abdassah, Marline
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (153.042 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijpst.v2i2.7812

Abstract

Tanaman seledri (Apium graveolens L.) mengandung berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain flavonoid, polifenol, dan kuinon. Tanaman seledri selain untuk bumbu masakan dan sayuran, telah lama digunakan sebagai obat tradisonal untuk penurun tekanan darah tinggi (hipertensi), diuretik, dan hematuria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap khasiat lain dari tanaman seledri sebagai antikalkuli atau peluruh batu ginjal. Pengujian efek antikalkuli (bagian dari uji preklinis) dilakukan secara in vitro yaitu dengan menguji tingkat kelarutan komponen batu ginjal (kalsium oksalat atau magnesium ammonium fosfat) sebagai solut (100 mg serbuk batu) dalam berbagai variasi konsentrasi sediaan cair seledri sebagai solven dibandingkan dengan solven air (volumen= 10 mL, suhu= 37 oC, waktu= 4 dan 24 jam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cairan infusa seledri pada konsentrasi 1,3; 3,3; dan 5,0% dapat melarutkan komponen kalsium dan magnesium batu ginjal dengan tingkat kelarutan yang secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan kelarutan dalam air sebagai kontrol negatif (konsentrasi 5%, Ca: 4,657 vs 199 ppm, Mg: 9,912 vs 9,37 ppm). Sementara fraksi air dari ekstrak metanol seledri juga menunjukkan daya larut yang signifikan terhadap baik kalsium maupun magnesium komponen batu ginjal pada konsentrasi pada 0,5% dibandingkan air (Ca: 3,7 vs 1,5 ppm dan Mg: 25,9 vs 14,5 ppm). Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa herba seledri memiliki potensi sebagai peluruh batu ginjal dengan mekanisme melarutkan kristal komponen batu ginjal. Kata kunci: Antikalkuli, Apium graveolens L., batu ginjal, seledri
Pola Peresepan Rawat Jalan: Studi Observasional Menggunakan Kriteria Prescribing Indicator WHO di Salah Satu Fasilitas Kesehatan Bandung Destiani, Dika P.; Naja, Syahrul; Nurhadiyah, Aminah; Halimah, Eli; Febrina, Ellin
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 5, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (595.754 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.3.225

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai tahap awal evaluasi peresepan obat di salah satu fasilitas kesehatan yang akan dilakukan berkala untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengobatan pasien dengan menggunakan lima indikator peresepan berdasarkan guideline World Health Organization (WHO) yaitu jumlah obat per lembar resep, penggunaan obat generik, antibiotik, obat injeksi, dan obat esensial. Pengumpulan data resep rawat jalan diambil secara retrospektif pada periode April 2015–Maret 2016 di salah satu fasilitas kesehatan di Bandung. Sebanyak 1.814 lembar resep dengan 3.886 obat yang termasuk kriteria inklusi, diperoleh rata-rata jumlah obat per lembar yaitu 2,13 obat. Penggunaan obat generik sebesar 57,47% dari 3.886 obat. Persentase penggunaan antibiotik sebesar 15,52% dan sediaan injeksi 0,41% dari 1.814 lembar resep, sedangkan penggunaan obat esensial sebesar 39,49% dari 3.886 obat yang diresepkan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut penggunaan obat generik dan esensial masih sangat jauh dari standar WHO (100%) sedangkan penggunaan antibiotik dan obat injeksi memiliki nilai rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai rujukan World Health Organization. Kata kunci: Indikator peresepan, obat, WHO Prescribing of Outpatient: Observational Study Using WHO Prescribing Indicator in One of Health Care Facilities in Bandung This study was held to evaluate drug pattern in one of the health facilities in Bandung using five World Health Organization guideline for prescribing indicators, which include average number of drugs per encounter, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, percentage of encounters with an antibiotic, injection prescribed, and drugs prescribed from essential drugs list or formulary. Outpatient prescriptions were collected retrospectively from April 2015–March 2016. Average number of drugs per encounter 2.13 was gained by dividing 3,886 drugs with 1,814 prescriptions. Percentage of using generic drugs were 57.47%, antibiotics were 15.52 % and 0.41% for injections per encounters, whereas percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drugs list was 39.49%. The result showed that usage of generic and essential drugs were still far from WHO standard (100%) while the usage of antibiotics and injections were lower than World Health Organization recommendation.Keywords: Drug, prescribing indicators, WHO
Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) sebagai Penanda Biokimiawi untuk Membedakan Stroke Iskemik dan Hemoragik Halimah, Eli; Liswati, Evy; Sasmita, Erwin
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (528.552 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2017.6.1.55

Abstract

Stroke merupakan sindrom neurologis yang bersifat akut yang terjadi karena adanya penurunan alirandarah yang disebabkan oleh terhambat atau pecahnya pembuluh darah otak (cerebrovaskular) yangmenyebabkan kerusakan jaringan otak. Berdasarkan patogenesisnya, terdapat dua jenis stroke, yaitustroke iskemik dan hemoragik, di mana penanganan pengobatan pada kedua jenis stroke tersebut sangatberbeda sehingga diperlukan diagnosis diferensial untuk membedakan kedua jenis stroke tersebut. Tujuanpenelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan apakah Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) dapatdijadikan sebagai parameter penanda biokimiawi untuk membedakan stroke iskemik dan hemoragik.Penetapan kadar H-FABP dilakukan dengan menggunakan serum darah dan dianalisis dengan metodeEnzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) sandwich masing-masing menggunakan H-FABP testkit. Serum darah diambil dari 20 orang pasien stroke iskemik dan 18 orang pasien stroke hemoragikdari Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD), Unit Stroke dan Instalasi Rawat Inap di salah satu Rumah SakitUmum di Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar rata-rata H-FABP pada pasien strokeiskemik sebesar 9,07 ng/mL sedangkan pasien stroke hemoragik sebesar 18,54 ng/mL; secara statistikterdapat perbedaan kadar H-FABP yang signifikan antara pasien stroke iskemik dan hemoragik (α=0,05).Dengan demikian, Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satuparameter penanda biokimiawi untuk membedakan stroke iskemik dan hemoragik.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Ampisilin dengan Ampisilin-Gentamisin pada Pasien Balita dengan Pneumonia California, Salma H.; Sinuraya, Rano K.; Halimah, Eli; Subarnas, Anas
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 7, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.153 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2018.7.1.52

Abstract

Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian anak usia di bawah lima tahun (balita) di dunia. Terapi antibiotik untuk pneumonia biasanya dipilih secara empirik karena mikroorganisme penyebab pneumonia belum dapat diketahui saat diagnosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas terapi antibiotik empirik pneumonia dengan menggunakan ampisilin tunggal maupun dikombinasikan dengan gentamisin pada balita yang dirawat dengan pneumonia di salah satu rumah sakit di kota Bandung pada tahun 2013–2015. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang dengan pengambilan data sekunder secara retrospektif. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square, uji Fisher, dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan efektivitas antara pasien yang diterapi menggunakan ampisilin maupun ampisilin-gentamisin dari parameter perbaikan batuk (p=0,381), sesak (p=0,294), demam (p=0,405), maupun laju pernapasan (p=0,306), namun terdapat perbedaan pada lama hari rawat (p<0,001). Tidak adanya perbedaan efektivitas pada parameter perbaikan gejala (sesak dan batuk) dan tanda (suhu tubuh dan laju pernapasan) tersebut dapat menjadi dasar untuk rekomendasi penggunaan ampisilin tunggal sebagai pilihan terapi utama pada pasien pneumonia balita. Selain pertimbangan efektivitas terapi, pemberian terapi antibiotik harus memperhatikan aspek lain seperti pola kepekaan bakteri, risiko efek samping pada pasien, serta efektivitas biaya.Kata kunci: Anak, antibiotik, efektivitas, pneumonia, terapi empirik Effectiveness of Ampicillin and Ampicillin-Gentamicin for Children under Five Years Old with PneumoniaPneumonia was one of the main causes of mortality in children aged under five years old. Empirical antibiotic therapy was usually selected in pneumonia because the microorganisms have not been known at diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of empirical antibiotic therapy using ampicillin or ampicillin-gentamicin for children aged under five years old with pneumonia at one hospital in Bandung in period of 2013–2015. The method used in this study was cross-sectional method with retrospective data collection. Collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square, Fisher, and Mann-Whitney methods. The results showed that there was no difference in effectiveness between patients treated with ampicillin and ampicillin-gentamicin from improvement of cough (p=0.381), shortness of breath (p=0.294), fever (p=0.405), and respiratory rate (p=0.306) parameters but there was a difference in length of stay (p<0.001). Therefore, it might be the basis for the use of a single ampicillin as a primary treatment option in pneumonia for children aged under five years old. In addition, antibiotic therapy should consider other aspects such as bacterial susceptibility patterns, the risk of side effects in patients, as well as cost effectiveness.Keywords: Antibiotic, children, effectiveness, empirical therapy, pneumonia
Monitoring Penggunaan Antibiotik dengan Metode ATC/DDD dan DU 90%: Studi Observasional di Seluruh Puskesmas Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara Pani, Sarini; Barliana, Melisa I.; Halimah, Eli; Pradipta, Ivan S.; Annisa, Nurul
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (340.684 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2015.4.4.280

Abstract

Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Monitoring penggunaan antibiotik diperlukan dalam mendukung program pemerintah khususnya Dinas Kesehatan yang menyatakan penggunaan antibiotik untuk penyakit ISPA non-pneumonia adalah kurang dari 20%. Evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik ini menggunakan metode ATC/DDD dan DU 90%. Antibiotik yang digunakan untuk ISPA non-pneumonia adalah sebanyak 9 jenis dan antibiotik yang masuk dalam DU90% sebanyak 3 jenis yaitu amoksisilin 500 mg (2,723 DDD/1000 pasien-hari), siprofloksasin (0,378 DDD/1000 pasien-hari) dan sefadroksil (0,202 DDD/1000 pasien-hari). Analisis data secara kuantitatif menggunakan ATC/DDD menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik yang banyak digunakan adalah amoksisilin (500 mg) 2723 DDD/1000 pasien-hari dan yang paling sedikit yaitu amoksisilin (125 mg/5 ml) 1,5 DDD/1000 pasien-hari. Efek peresepan penggunaan antibiotik jangka pendek pada pelayanan pengobatan dasar dapat meningkatkan kejadian resistensi. Diperlukan studi kualitatif untuk mengetahui pola ketidakrasionalan penggunaan antibiotik di pusat pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat tersebut dan mengembangkan model intervensinya.Kata kunci: ATC/DDD, DU 90%, ISPA non-pneumonia antibiotikMonitoring the Use of Antibiotics by the ATC/DDD Method and DU 90%: Observational Studies in Community Health Service Centers in North Gorontalo DistrictIrrational use of antibiotics may lead to increase morbidity and mortality. Monitoring of antibiotics was required to support government programs, especially The Department of Health stating the use of antibiotics for non-respiratory diseases pneumonia was less than 20%. The evaluation of antibiotics use in this research applied ATC / DDD methods and DU 90%. The antibiotic used for non-pneumonia ARI were 9 types and the antibiotics contained DU 90% were three types namely amoxicillin 500 mg (2,723 DDD/1000 patients-year), ciprofloxacin (0,378 DDD/1000 patients-day) and cefadroxil (0,202 DDD/1000 patients-day). Quantitative data analysis using the ATC / DDD indicated that the most used antibiotic was amoxicillin (500 mg) 2723 DDD / 1000 patients-day and the least was amoxicillin (125 mg / 5 ml) 1.5 DDD / 1000 patients-day. The effects of short-term use of antibiotic prescribing in primary medical care could increase the resistance. Qualitative studies were needed to determine the pattern of irrational antibiotic use in community health service center and to develop the intervention model.Keywords: ARI non-pneumonia antibiotics, ATC/DDD, DU 90%
N-MID Osteocalcin (N-MID Oc) dan β-Crosslaps (β-CTx) sebagai Penanda Biokimia Bone Turn Over pada Wanita Menopause Halimah, Eli; Rositawati, Wiwik; Pratiwi, Irma
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 5, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (364.494 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.1.67

Abstract

  Osteocalcin merupakan senyawa penanda untuk pembentukan tulang sedangkan β-CrossLaps (β-CTx) merupakan fragmen hasil pemecahan kolagen tipe 1. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan N-MID osteocalcin (N-MID Oc) dan β-CTx sebagai penanda biokimia Bone Turn Over untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis pada wanita menopause. Nilai N-MID Oc dalam serum ditentukan dengan pereaksi Elecsys N-MID Osteocalcin kit dan nilai β-CTx dalam serum ditentukan dengan pereaksi Elecsys β-CROSSLAPS kit yang bekerja berdasarkan prinsip Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA). Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan menggunakan Uji-T. Sampel yang dikumpulkan berasal dari wanita normal, osteopenia, dan penderita osteoporosis pada wanita menopause. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nilai N-MID Oc pada wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause osteopenia, wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause penderita osteoporosis dan wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause penderita osteoporosis (α=0,05), sedangkan pada nilai β-CTx terdapat perbedaan antara wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause osteopenia, wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause osteoporosis, tetapi antara wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause osteoporosis tidak menunjukkan perbedaan (α=0,05). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa N-MID Oc dan β-CTx dapat dijadikan parameter untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis.Kata kunci: N-MID Osteocalcin (N-MID Oc), Osteoporosis, β-CrossLaps (β-CTx) N-MID Osteocalcin (N-MID Oc) and β-Crosslaps (β-CTx) as Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Menopausal Women Osteocalcin is a marker compound for bone formation while the β-crosslaps a fragment split from collagen type 1. The aims of this study were to determined of the value of N-MID osteocalcin (N-MID Oc) and β-CTx as a biochemical marker of Bone Turn Over as early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The value of N-MID Oc in serum was determined by reagent Elecsys N-MID Osteocalcin kit and the value of β-CTx in serum was determined by reagent Elecsys β-Crosslaps kit which works with the principle of Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA). The data obtained were examined using T-test. The sample collected from normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic in menopausal women. There were a significant difference N-MID Oc between normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic in menopausal women (α=0,05). There were significant differences of β-CTx between normal and osteopenia, normal and osteoporosis but between osteopenia and osteoporotic menopausal women not showed any difference (α=0,05). N-MID Osteocalcin (N-MID Oc) and β-CTx can be used as parameter for early detection of osteoporosis.Key words: N-MID Osteocalcin (N-MID Oc), Osteoporosis, β-CrossLaps (β -CTx)
Hubungan Pola Sensitivitas Bakteri pada Penggunaan Antibiotik Empirik terhadap Pencapaian Clinical Outcome Pasien Pneumonia Anak Gatera, Vesara A.; Muhtadi, Ahmad; Halimah, Eli; Prasetyo, Dwi
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (259.583 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.4.127

Abstract

Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang memerlukan upaya komprehensif dan efektif dalam penanganannya terutama dalam penggunaan antibiotik empiris. Penggunaan antibiotik empiris harus berdasarkan pola sensitivitas terhadap bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan pola sensitivitas dengan memperhatikan faktor clinical outcome pasien sebagai tujuan pengobatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada bulan Oktober–Desember 2013 dengan menerapkan desain potong lintang secara retrospektif. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis dalam kurun waktu Januari 2011–Desember 2012. Objek penelitian terdiri dari rekam medis 24 pasien berusia 1–5 tahun dengan hasil kultur positif dan menerima resep antibiotik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penggunaan sefotaksim-ampisilin sebesar 37,5%, sefotaksim 33,3%, ampisilin 20,8%, dan seftriakson 8,4%. Antibiotik yang paling memengaruhi pencapaian clinical outcome dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% adalah kombinasi sefotaksim-ampisilin (p=0,044) dengan tingkat sensitivitas 77,7%. Pola sensitivitas penggunaan antibiotik memengaruhi clinical outcome padapasien pneumonia anak.Kata kunci: Clinical outcome, pneumonia, sensitivitas antibiotikAssociation of Pattern of Bacteria Sensitivity During the Empirical Antibiotics Use to the Achievement of Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Patients with PneumoniaPneumonia is one of infectious diseases that require a comprehensive and effective effort in its treatment,including in the use of empirical antibiotics. The use of empirical antibiotics should be based on patterns of sensitivity toward bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of antibiotics based on the sensitivity patterns by clinical outcomes as the goal of treatment. This study was conducted in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in October–December 2013 using a retrospective cross-sectional study design. Secondary data were obtained from medical records during January 2011–December 2012. This study consisted of 24 patients with positive culture test and received antibiotic prescription. The results showed the percentage of the use of cefotaxime-ampicillin (37.5%), cefotaxime (33.3%), ceftriaxone (20.8%), and ampicillin (8.4%). The most influential antibiotics for achieving clinical outcome using 95% confidence level is combination of cefotaxime-ampiciline (p=0.044) with 77.7% sensitivity level. This study suggested that the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity affected the clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with pneumonia.Key words: Clinical outcome, pneumonia, sensitivity of antibiotic
Inhibitory Activity of Andrographolide and Andrograpanin on the Rate of PGH2 Formation Sumiwi, Sri A.; Halimah, Eli; Saptarini, Nyi M.; Levita, Jutti; Nawawi, Asari; Mutalib, Abdul; Ibrahim, Slamet
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.747 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v1i3.15246

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin H2 synthase (PGHS) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) work by inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms, thus disturbing this reaction. In Indonesia, Andrographis paniculata (local name: sambiloto), is empirically used to reduce inflammation by consuming the herb tea of this plant. This work studied the inhibitory activity of andrographolide and andrograpanin, diterpenoids of the plant, on the rate of prostaglandin formation. Previous works have proven that andrographolide inhibited PGE2 production in LPS-induced human fibroblast cells. This study was performed by measuring the absorbance of TMPD (tetramethyl-p-phenyldiamine) oxidized by andrographolide and andrograpanin. Acetosal was used as a control drug. The rate of PGH2 formations on either COX-1 or COX- 2 was affected by andrographolide and andrograpanin. Andrographolide and andrograpanin interact longer with COX-1 than COX-2. Andrographolide shows weak inhibition on the rate of PGH2 formation, whilst andrograpanin might be further developed for potential antiinflammatory drugs.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, anti-inflammatory, COX, cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin
Economic Evaluation of the Use of Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime in the Treatment of Pneumonia in Pediatric Patients Ruterlin, Valen; Sinuraya, Rano K.; Halimah, Eli; Barliana, Melisa I.; Hartini, Sri
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (229.785 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v2i1.15741

Abstract

The prevalence of pneumonia is particularly high among pediatric patients. Appropriate antibioticsselection is required to reduce mortality and morbidity rates associated with thesediseases. However, information on cost-effectiveness of empirical antibiotics treatment forpneumonia was limited. This study was aimed to evaluate cost-effectiveness of cefotaximeand ceftazidime for pneumonia in pediatric patients. This study was a retrospective crosssectional study conducted at a hospital in Bandung during January-December 2012. Datawere derived from medical records of pediatric pneumonia inpatients during study period.Cost was calculated based on direct medical cost, i.e., inpatient care, medical support, andmedicines that were used from admission until hospital discharge. The results showed thatthere was no statistical difference in the average medical cost of the treatment using cefotaxime(1,197,017 IDR) and ceftazidime (2,245,748 IDR). Incremental cost effectivenessratio (ICER) showed that cefotaxime is more cost effective than ceftazidime with greaterreduction of leukocytes level (576 IDR/mm3 ). The use of cefotaxime is recommended forthe treatment of pnuemonia in pediatric patients.Keywords: cost minimization, cost effectiveness, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, pneumonia
Pharmaceutical Counseling Has a Positive Impact on Quality of Life of Hypertension Patients Aulia, Gina; Halimah, Eli; Lestari, Keri
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (270.668 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i1.16449

Abstract

Pharmacists play a major role in educating patients regarding drug therapy, in order to achieve optimal health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmaceutical counseling on quality of life (QoL) of hypertensive patients with renal impairment at one of public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. This study used a prospective experimental design with pretest-posttest design for 2 months. Inclusion criteria in this study were hypertensive patients with renal impairment who received antihypertensive drugs, aged >18 years, and signed the informed consent. Exclusion criteria were patients who were not able to fill in the questionnaire, patients with end stage renal diseases, diabetes, and pregnant or lactating patients. Pharmaceutical counseling was given during 2 months of the therapy. Pharmaceutical counseling consisted of education on the appropriate use of drugs and disease management. Schedule of their own medication and leaflet containing educational information were given to the subjects. QoL was assessed using a previously validated Mini-Questionnaire of QoL in Arterial Hypertension (MINICHAL). The questionnaire consisted of 16 two dimensions questions, i.e., mental health and somatic manifestation. We found that the mean increase in mental health status (49.5±5.3) was higher than that of somatic dimension (32.7±3.6). Both dimensions had statistically significant improvement (P value <0.05). In conclusion, pharmaceutical counseling is beneficial to improve QoL of hypertension patients.Keywords: hypertension, renal impairment, quality of life 
Co-Authors Abdul Mutalib Aep W Irwan, Aep W Ahmad Muhtadi Anas Subarnas Arifah, Gina Aulia, Gina Barliana, Melisa I. Barliana, Melisa I. California, Salma H. Chaeriadi, Venice Desianti Khoiriyah, Shahnaz Destiani, Dika P. Dwi Prasetyo Ellin Febrina Evy Liswati, Evy Gatera, Vesara A. Jajan Solahudin, Jajan Jutti Levita Keri Lestari Marline Abdassah, Marline Naja, Syahrul Nawawi, Asari Noviani, Tatat Nurhadiyah, Aminah NURUL ANNISA Pani, Sarini Pani, Sarini Pradipta, Ivan S. Pratiwi, Irma Ratnawati, Rani Rizky Abdulah Ruterlin, Valen Saptarini, Nyi M. Sasmita, Erwin Sholih, Mally G. Sinuraya, Rano K. Sinuraya, Rano K. Slamet Ibrahim Sri A Sumiwi, Sri A Sri Hartini Sriwidodo Sriwidodo, Sriwidodo Sumiwi, Sri A. Suseno Amin, Suseno Taofik Rusdiana Wiwik Rositawati, Wiwik Yuzaqi, Peppi Z.