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Makara Journal of Technology
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23552786     EISSN : 23564539     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mjt
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
MAKARA Journal of Technology is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal committed to the advancement of scholarly knowledge and research findings of the several branches of Engineering and Technology. The Journal publishes new results, original articles, reviews, and research notes whose content and approach are of interest to a wide range of scholars. It also offers rapid dissemination. MAKARA Journal of Technology covers the recent research in several branches of engineering and technology include Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, Material & Metallurgical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Civil & Architecture Engineering, and Marine Engineering. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the engineering & technology and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published three times each year, is where readers look for the advancement of discoveries in engineering and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 20, No. 2" : 8 Documents clear
Optimization of Electricity Generation Schemes in the Java-Bali Grid System with Co2 Reduction Consideration Farizal, Farizal; Septia, Wenty Eka; Rachman, Amar; Nasruddin, Nasruddin; Mahlia, Teuku Meurah Indra
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This research considers the problem of reducing CO2 emissions from the Java-Bali power grid system that consists of a variety of power-generating plants: coal-fired, natural gas, oil, and renewable energy (PV, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind, and landfill gas). The problem is formulated as linear programming and solved using LINGO 10. The model was developed for a nation to meet a specified CO2 emission target. Two carbon dioxide mitigation options are considered in this study, i.e. fuel balancing and fuel switching. In order to reduce the CO2 emissions by 26% in 2021, State Electric Supply Company (PLN) has to generate up to 30% of electricity from renewable energy (RE), and the cost of electricity (COE) is expected to increase to 617.77 IDR per kWh for a fuel balancing option, while for fuel switching option, PLN has to generate 29% of electricity from RE, and the COE is expected to increase to 535.85 IDR per kWh.
The Knowledge-Based Analysis on Medium Resolution Images of Remote Sensing to Extraction Information Land use Type SCS-CN, the Case Study on Grompol Watershed Raharjo, Puguh Dwi; Gunawan, Totok; Hadi, Mohammad Pramono
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Remote sensing imagery Landsat-8 is one image that has a good temporal resolution; in addition to the availability of data, this image can be obtained free of charge. Land cover type SCS-CN is part of a unit of land that affects runoff. The use of medium resolution imagery in reducing the SCS-CN land use type is considered relatively difficult, and it yields less good accuracy. Limitations on multispectral classification only rely on facts derived from spectral reflection, so that the two data are the same since different characteristic results are not so good. This study aims to determine the accuracy of precision medium-resolution imagery in reducing parameter land use type SCS-CN by using the knowledge-based analysis. The importance of understanding the landscape-ecology can be used to assist the translation from land cover in the form of land use. Vegetation factors and ecosystems are often used to generate metrics-based landscape. Accuracy from the interpretation of remote sensing image medium-resolution is obtained by 85.17%. Therefore, Landsat-8, in addition to easy retrieval of data, can also be used to identify the type of land cover SCS-CN, which is useful for the interests of surface water resources.
Study on Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch Bruise in Harvesting and Transportation to Quality Krisdiarto, Andreas Wahyu; Sutiarso, Lilik
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

There are losses of production due to oil palm field’s material handling. Activities that may raise the losses are harvesting and transportation, which may cause bruise and damage to fruit. This research was aimed to learn the bruise of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) phenomenon in harvesting and transportation. Method used in this research was measuring the bruise area resulted by FFB falling when harvested, loading (throwing up) FFB to truck bin, and transporting using truck. These data, coupled with weight of bruised fruit, were calculated to get FFB bruise index. Each FFB bruise index is related to potential free fatty acid (FFA) value. FFA is one of important quality indicator of crude palm oil. The harvesting was conducted at mineral land and peat land, and the loading and transportation was conducted using wooden board truck and dump (iron board) truck. There was a difference between bruise index and FFA of FFB fall on mineral and on peat land. FFA of mineral land harvesting was 2.19% while of peat land was 1.27%. It was obvious that fruit quality degradation was higher when FFB positioned at the bottom of bin truck layer rather than at the top. FFA of truck bin bottom layer was 2.79% while of top layer was 0.64%. It was found that there was a cumulative bruise on FFB within material handling, start from harvesting, loading up to truck bin, and transporting from field to loading ramp.
Sugarcane Bagasse as a Carrier for the Immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiaein Bioethanol Production Anita, Sita Heris; Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo; Yopi, Yopi
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse was used as a carrier to immobilize Saccharomyces cerevisiae in bioethanol production. This research aims to study the potential use of sugarcane bagasse as an alternative carrier for cell immobilization and improvement in the production process of cell immobilization in bagasse. The results showed that the physical characteristics of sugarcane bagasse as a carrier were water content (7.77 ± 0.35%), water retention (4.80 ± 0.44 g/g), water absorption index (8.58 ± 0.22 g/g), and lignin content (24.40 ± 1.52 %). Determination of cell retention was performed in an inoculum volume of 50 mL yeast suspension with various carrier weights (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 g). The highest cell retention was obtained in ratio of 2.5 g carrier/50 mL cell suspension with cell retention of 5.41 ± 1.06 mg/g, or known as biocatalyst. Biocatalyst, as much as 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 g, were used as inoculum for a 24 hour bioethanol fermentation. The best concentration and productivity of bioethanol, obtained by using 3 g of biocatalyst, were 23.95 ± 0.28 g/L and 1.24 ± 0.01 g/L/hours. The average of bioethanol yield for a 24 hour fermentation by using immobilized cells was three times higher than the free cells system.
Automatic Arrhythmia Beat Detection: Algorithm, System, and Implementation Jatmiko, Wisnu; Setiawan, I Md. Agus; Akbar, Muhammad Ali; Suryana, Muhammad Eka; Wardhana, Yulistiyan; Rachmadi, Muhammad Febrian
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Cardiac disease is one of the major causes of death in the world. Early diagnose of the symptoms depends on abnormality on heart beat pattern, known as Arrhythmia. A novel fuzzy neuro generalized learning vector quantization for automatic Arrhythmia heart beat classification is proposed. The algorithm is an extension from the GLVQ algorithm that employs a fuzzy logic concept as the discriminant function in order to develop a robust algorithm and improve the classification performance. The algorithm is tested against MIT-BIH arrhythmia database to measure the performance. Based on the experiment result, FN-GLVQ is able to increase the accuracy of GLVQ by a soft margin. As we intend to build a device with automated Arrhythmia detection, FN-GLVQ is then implemented into Field Gate Programmable Array to prototype the system into a real device.
The Effect of Irradiation of Fe and Ar Ion on the Surface Morphology of Diamond Thin Film Related to the Magnetoresistance Property Mustofa, Salim; Purwanto, Setyo; Mishima, Kenji
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
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Abstract

The irradiation of Fe and Ar ion was applied on the surface of diamond/Si thin film to know its effect on the morphology of thin film.The magnetoresistance property was also studied. Ion irradiation treatment using Fe ion followed by argon ion at the energy of 70keV and a dose of 1 x 1015 ion/cm2 have been conducted on the surface of two types of thin film, diamond/Si (111) and diamond/Si (100). Both thin films were made by using a CVD method, and the thickness of the thin film is 1000-nm. From simulations using the software called Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM), it is known that Fe and Argon ion penetration into the surface of the thin film are respectively 512 and 603 Angstroms. After that the thin film sample was irradiated with ion Fe and Ar, and the property behavior of the morphological change of thin film were studied through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The grain size range of thin film on diamond films / Si (100) was reduced from 115-322 nm to 147-169 nm, suggesting the effect of irradiation on the surface morphology. The magnetoresistance property is approximately 0.15% at room temperature and magnetic field external H = 0.8 Tesla.
Use of Green Mussel Shell as a Desulfurizer in the Blending of Low Rank Coal-Biomass Briquette Combustion Mahidin, Mahidin; Gani, Asri; Hani, M. Reza; Syukur, Muhammad; Hamdani, Hamdani; Khairil, Khairil; Rizal, Samsul; Hadi, Abdul; Mahlia, T.M.I.
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Calcium oxide-based material is available abundantly and naturally. A potential resource of that material comes from marine mollusk shell such as clams, scallops, mussels, oysters, winkles and nerites. The CaO-based material has exhibited a good performance as the desulfurizer or adsorbent in coal combustion in order to reduce SO2 emission. In this study, pulverized green mussel shell, without calcination, was utilized as the desulfurizer in the briquette produced from a mixture of low rank coal and palm kernel shell (PKS), also known as bio-briquette. The ratio of coal to PKS in the briquette was 90:10 (wt/wt). The influence of green mussel shell contents and combustion temperature were examined to prove the possible use of that material as a desulfurizer. The ratio of Ca to S (Ca = calcium content in desulfurizer; S = sulfur content in briquette) were fixed at 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, 1.75:1, and 2:1 (mole/mole). The burning (or desulfurization) temperature range was 300-500 °C; the reaction time was 720 seconds and the air flow rate was 1.2 L/min. The results showed that green mussel shell can be introduced as a desulfurizer in coal briquette or bio-briquette combustions. The desulfurization process using that desulfurizer exhibited the first order reaction and the highest average efficiency of 84.5%.
Apparent Porosity and Compressive Strength of Heat-Treated Clay/Iron Sand/Rice Husk Ash Composites over a Range of Sintering Temperatures Machmud, M. Nizar; Jalil, Zulkarnain; Afifuddin, Mochammad
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 20, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Novel composites of clay/iron sand/rice husk ash (RHA) have been developed. Electric furnace was used to perform heat treatment on the composites to study the effect of sintering temperature on their apparent porosity and compressive strength. Two types of RHA with different bulk density were prepared to gain an understanding of the influence of apparent porosity on compressive strength of the heat-treated composites over a range of sintering temperatures. Heattreated composites, made of clay/iron sand and clay/RHA, were also prepared as a referenced material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was further performed to comprehensively discuss the role of iron sand on apparent porosity and compressive strength of the heat-treated composites. The results show that the increase of sintering temperature reduces apparent porosity of the heat-treated composites. Reducing on the apparent porosity was then followed by the increase of compressive strength of the heat-treated composites. Compressive strength of the heat-treated composites was not sensitive to the sintering temperature up to 800 °C, and it would be more improved at the sintering temperature above 800 °C. This study concludes that such sintering temperature significantly improved apparent porosity and compressive strength of the composites due to use of iron sand.

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