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Research Journal of Life Science

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Articles 187 Documents

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Assessment Of Trophic Status In Bali Strait Umi Zakiyah; Endang Yuli Herawati; Kusriani Kusriani
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

The nutrient content in Banyuwangi coastal environment mostly caused by human activities along the coastal area of Bali strait especially in Banyuwangi surrounding areas. The change of organic element content in waters will directly affect plankton community structure and the aquatic trophic level. The aimed of this research were to analyze the plankton community structure, and to observe the quality of aquatic and determine Bali Strait especially Banyuwangi coastal area trophic level. This research was done in October 2015 at Banyuwangi coastal area. Methods used in this research was descriptive with seawater sampling for water quality analysis of several parameter such as nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4), TOM (Total Organic Matter) and Chlorophyll-a, meanwhile other parameters were, temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen dan salinity from three different depth of three different stations, coastal area of Bangsring, Tandjung Wangi and Muncar. The results for water quality parameters showed that Bangsring coastal area was the most healthy waters compared to Bangsring and Muncar. Meanwhile, there were tendency that the concentration mostly high in the surface and decrease along with the deeper depth. This condition presumed caused by the ARLINDO current that passed through Bali strait. Phytoplankton identified and calculated consisted of 3 division, namely Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, and Cyanophyta with total density ranges between 4-2888 ind/ml. The value of diversity index phytoplankton (H’) ranges between 0,3-0,7. Based on the result it can be concluded that Banyuwangi coastal areas were at throphic level of oligotrophic tended to mesotrophic in northern part and eutrophic especially in Muncar. Thus, it was suggested for the Government to prevent this area becoming more polluted in the future.

Design of Eco Friendly Shallow Draft Fishing Vessel Sunardi Sunardi; Anthon Efani; Oktiyas Muzakky Luthfi
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

One of the main problem of inland waterways fisheries is the transportation of fish from ponds to fish market during low tide trough inland waterways with 0.6m water depth.The boat is experiences grounding due to water depth of the river is not sufficient for the fishing boat to carry fish at it’s maximum2 tones capacity or experience dead freight . This condition forces fisherman to wait until the high tide from the sea, this delay causes the quality of the fish is decreasing.Besides the problem dead freight problem the existing vessel is causes environmental problem such as erosion of the river bank due to wake wash. The other important issue is the increases of fuel price and it’s scarcity. This paper presents the results of comparison of existing monohull fishing boat and two other alternativecatamaran designs. The catamaran design alternatives are is ordinary catamaran and flat side catamaran. Both of the catamaran fishing boat design shows that the catamaran boat with 0.5m draft is able to carry more than 2 tonnes payload during low tide water depth. The CFD simulation results shows that flat side catamaran resistance is more than 17.7% lower compared to ordinary catamaran and 44% lower compared to monohull. It means that the consumption of flat side catamaran is lowest compared to two other type of hull design. The flat side catamaran also produces lowest wake wash compared to o two other design. The low wake wash means more friendly to environment.

Extra Buoyancy and Mesh Size as The Measuring Indicators for the Effectiveness and Selectivity of Purse Seine in Sampang Waters of Madura Fuad Fuad; Guntur Guntur
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Fishing gear effectiveness is a main parameter to measure effiency rate of fishing operation. At same time, fishing gear selectivity becomes a main consideration in preserving fish resources. Nowadays, the sustainability of fish resources is threatened because all fishers are attempting to narrow their net mesh size to increase their haul. The scarcity of fish resources and the increase of operational cost are dilemmas that can obstruct the implementation of effective and selective fishing operation based on the principle of fish resources conservation. The objective of research is to understand the effectiveness and selectivity rates of fishing gear. The indicators used to measure the effectiveness of fishing gear are boat speed during fishing activity and fish haul rate. Fishing gear selectivity is measured by comparing fish length during gonad mature and fish length during firstly-caught. This fishing gear selectivity is also used as the indicator of environmentally friendliness rate of purse seine. The calculation of fishing gear selectivity is begun by determining fish size at caught (Lc) and fish size at gonad mature (Lm) and then comparing both sizes with mesh size of purse seine.Result of research indicates that effective speed of fishing operation is achieved when boat speed is 7.1 knots with fish haul rate of 1,000 kg and with fishing operation time of 2,853 seconds. Fishing operation speed above 8 knots is not efficient because it produces quite significant increase of fuel consumption although fish haul rate remains similar. Purse seine used in Sampang waters is not selective because the size of mackerel fish (selaroides spp) at firstly-caught (Lc) is smaller than fish length at gonad mature (Lm), thus Lc < Lm. Fish size at gonad mature (Lm) is 19.35 cm, while fish size at firstly-caught is 18.6 cm. Regression analysis indicates that there is a close relationship between fish length and fish weight, which is scored at 84 %

Financial Analysis Of Citrus “Keprok 55” In Coventional Way and Using Sprinkler Irrigation Bambang Suharto; Liliyan Dewi Susanawati
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Batu-Malang Government area is one of central production of citrus ”Keprok 55” in East Java. In dry season, citrus produce low production level, because there is unsufficient water inside the soil. Based on this facts, some efforts is needed in order to increase the citrus production especially to face the dry season, through sprinkle irrigation system to increase citrus production. Sprinkle irrigation system has been installed on citrus plantation in Selorejo Village, Batu.Citrus is one of the horticultural commodities which have priority to be developed. One type of citrus that favored consumers are mandarin (tangerine). During the period 2005-2009 tangerine imports reached 504,063 tonnes, or about 100,813 tonnes per year with a value of US $ 80,569,300. Management of commodity Citrus 55 in Selorejo village, subdistrict Dau, Malang not get maximum benefit due to the limitations of the use of technological innovation as well as the lack of capital. The experiment calculated HPP, BEP, NPV, R/C ratio, IRR and PP. This study was to compare the effect of management changes Citrus 55 between conventional and sprinkler irrigation. The financial viability of commodity management Citrus 55 in Selorejo Village declared eligible to run either conventionally or with sprinkler irrigation. Age commodity management business is ten years. Conventional management NVP value is IDR 1,234,468,408 and the value of NVP management with the use of sprinkler irrigation is IDR 5,200,599,957. PP value of conventional management is 5 years 2 months and sprinkler irrigation is 2 years and 5 months. Conventional management IRR value is 59.47% and value of management use sprinkle is 68.08%. R/C Ratio with conventional management is 1.4 and value R/C Ratio with sprinkle is 5.7. BEP value with management conventional is 5,719 kilograms and with sprinkle is 16,059 Kilograms. HPP value with management conventional is IDR 784 and with sprinkle is IDR 191.

Extraction of Glycosaminoglycans Containing Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate from Chicken Claw Cartilage Tri Dewanti Widyaningsih; Widya Dwi Rukmi; Erni Sofia; Sudarma Dita Wijayanti; Novita Wijayanti; Rika Ersalia; Nia Rochmawati; Debora Nangin
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Chicken cartilage (claw) is a waste of chicken cuts which are widely available in Indonesia. Cartilage part of chicken claw becomes a potential source of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GS). This study aims to determine the most optimal extraction methods of CS and GS from cartilage of chicken claw. Various types of extraction methods used in this study are taken from the extraction by using boiling water (2 and 2.5 hours), acetic acid (7 and 17 hours), as well as proteolysis by papain (24 and 48 hours). Parameters observed include chemical characteristics of powdered cartilage of chicken claw as well as CS and GS levels in powdered cartilage of chicken claw extract. The results of this research show that the levels of CS and GS of chicken claw cartilage powder were 2.17% and 13%. Meanwhile, the highest GS level was obtained from the extraction with water treatment for 2.5 hours which was 8.1%. The treatment and duration of extraction will significantly affect the number of GS which was produced. The highest content of CS was obtained from the extraction with the enzyme treatment for 48 hours which was 2.47%. The best treatment is the extraction with water treatment for 2.5 hours which were the extracts with GS levels of 8.1% and 2.03% CS was selected through the analysis of multiple attribute.

Aqueous Morinda citrifolia Leaves Extract Enhancing Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and α2-Macroglobulin Gene Expression on Macrobrachium rosenbergii Atika Marisa Halim; Arief Prajitno
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Morinda citrifolia, known commercially as noni is often used for enhancing immunity, these plant-rich phenolic compound with antioxidant properties. In the present study, Macrobrachium rosenbergii were fed diets containing aqueous M. citrifolia leaves extract (AMLE) at 0.6, 4 and 6 g kg-1. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and α2-macroglubulin (α2-M) activity were conducted to measure an immune parameter, which was evaluated before and after 7, 21, 35, 49 and 63 days of feeding trial. The results showed that after 63 days of feeding treatment, significantly increased in GPx activity. Moreover, the gene expressions of α2-macroglubulin was significantly upregulated. These results recommend that administration of AMLE can be used as an immunostimulant and regulated immune response and immune gene expression in M. rosenbergii.

Characteristics of Beach Seine Fishery of East Java: Facing Ministerial Decree of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No. 2/2015 Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya; Budy Wiryawan; Marsoedi Marsoedi; Wahyu Endra Kusuma; Arief Darmawan
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Catch biomass and time-trend perception of Beach seine fishery were studied during 2015, from four different sites in East Java: Padikde Madura, Santan Island Banyuwangi, Prigi Beach Trenggalek, and Dangkal Beach Pacitan. The study aimed to assess the impact of recently Ministerial Decree (No. 2/2015) on this particular fishery. Catch biomass was analyzed based on swept area method. Time trend perception was traced back from fishermen in relation to reduced catch biomass, catch size, habitat degradation, and income contribution from the fishery. The results showed that Beach Seines in East Java are considerably subsistence. It swept fixed-bottom habitats of 1–9 ha. Average catch biomass for all sites was 15±19.4 kg trip-1. With low price of fish catch, fishermen cannot place down their family income solely from this livelihood. Beach seine is more as to maintain tradition of subsistence. Fishermen clearly observed the reduced in catch biomass and catch size compared to what it used to be (±30 years ago). With very low contribution to total catch in the region, negligible impact to habitat degradation, and consumed no fuel subsidy, it is no real reason to include this gear in general ban through Ministerial Decree of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

Accumulation Time and Antioxidant Responses of Inorganic Arsenic on Brown Seaweed Padina minor Wiga Alif Violando; Sri Andayani; Saou-Lien Wong; Chih-Hsuan Tseng
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Padina minor had a good ability to bind and accumulate arsenic (As). This research aimed to observe the As accumulation and detoxification time, also the antioxidant defense activities. Each gram of P. minor was culture in various As contaminate media for 7 days, then reculture in As-free media for 14 days. There was an acute effect on thali by decreasing its growth slowly till final day with small amount accumulation at concentration 25 µg iAs g-1. Meanwhile, direct attenuation impact was due at 50 and 100 µg iAs g-1 with massive accumulation. The thali starts to recover after reculture in health environment for 14 days. Only As5+ was detected on the thali at day 7 and 21 were indicates internal oxidation of As3+ was done before 7 days. Various antioxidant activities such as decreasing polysaccharide and increasing activities of DPPH and flavonoid at high level were observed. Those indicated that 50 µg iAs g-1 was optimum iAs level on P. minor. The results indicate that P. minor has ability to oxidase and methylate with antioxidant role as defensive activities against iAs, but it also needs more than 14 days to recover in high level contamination.

Black Grass Jelly (Mesona Palustris Bl) Effervescent Powder has Anti-Dyslipidemia in High Cholesterol Diet-Fed Rats and Antioxidant Activity Dian Handayani; Tri Dewanti Widyaningsih; Novita Wijayanti; Mey Etika
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Dyslipidemia that could be affected by hypercholesterol diet is a contributing factor in millions of deaths worldwide and a risk factor for ischemic heart disease and stroke. High soluble fiber diet is used as one of the non-pharmacological treatments to control hypercholesterolemia. Black Grass Jelly (Mesona palustris BL) also known as black cincau has a high soluble fiber content. This study aimed to investigate the effect of black cincau as effervescent powder form (BCEP) for anti-dyslipidemia and also the antioxidant activity. BCEP was orally administered to twenty male dyslipidemia Wistar rats induced with hypercholesterol diet for 3 weeks then plasma lipid profile was measured using enzymatic CHOD-PAP assay. The antioxidant activity also has been identified. Oral administration of 3 different doses of BCEP resulted in lipid profiles by decreasing plasma cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and also high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in dyslipidemia rats (α = 0.01). The increasing doses of BCEP revealed that it has a potential effect of decreasing plasma lipid.

Physalis minima Leaves Extract Induces Re-Endothelialization in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Rats Dian Nugrahenny; Nur Permatasari; Mohammad Saifur Rohman
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

The administration of deoxy-corticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt can induce oxidative stress leading to decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), increase senescence of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), thus contributing to endothelial dysfunction. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Physalis minima L. leaves extract on serum NO levels, circulating EPCs number, and histopathology of tail artery endothelial cells in DOCA-salt-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: rats without any treatment (normal), rats treated with DOCA (10 mg/kgBW s.c. twice weekly) and given 0.9% NaCl to drink ad libitum for 6 weeks, and DOCA-salt-induced rats orally supplemented with P. minima leaves extract at doses of 500, 1500, or 2500 mg/kgBW for 4 weeks. Serum NO levels were measured by colorimetry. The number of circulating EPCs (CD34+/CD133+ cells) was determined by flow cytometry. The tail artery sections were histologically processed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. DOCA-salt-induced rats showed significantly (p<0.05) decrease in serum NO levels and circulating EPCs number compared to the normal. There was also more detached tail artery endothelial cells in DOCA-salt-induced rats. P. minima leaves extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW significantly (p<0.05) increased serum NO level and circulating EPCs number, and also induced an optimal re-endothelialization in DOCA-salt-induced rats. P. minima leave extract dose-dependently increases NO bioavailability contributing to enhanced EPCs mobilization, thereby promoting re-endothelialization in DOCA-salt-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats.

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