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Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology

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Articles 366 Documents

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Representasi Sosial tentang Disabilitas Intelektual pada Kelompok Teman Sebaya Retnaningsih, Ira; Hidayat, Rahmat
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The purpose of this study was to examine the social representations of intellectual disability among children of 7 and 11 years old. The qualitative differences on social representations among children from villages of high- and low-prevalence of intellectual disabilities were examined. The study utilized a modified focused-group discussion with children in which participants responded to a set of vignettes depicting hypothetical situations normally confronted by children with intellectual disability. The results of analysis indicated that the peer groups hold beliefs with regards to intellectual disability as a form of mental or behavioral disorder. They showed understanding that children with intellectual disability are capable of demonstrating well-functioned intrapersonal and interpersonal skills. Nevertheless, respondents reflected their beliefs that intellectually disabled children are restricted in terms of linguistic and bodily/kinesthetic intelligence. Differences between children from the low and high prevalence areas of intellectual disability were identified, in which the latter showed more refined understanding of intellectual disability. Direct interaction and socialization from the parents are the likely sources for the observed differences. Keywords: social representations, intellectual disability, peer group

From Acute Pain to Intense Elation: The Psychological Dynamics of Five Individuals Who Experienced Spirit Possession Rahardanto, Michael Seno; Subandi, -
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Kesurupan merupakan fenomena yang terjadi di berbagai kebudayaan di dunia, namun relatif jarang diteliti. Belum ada konsensus tentang etiologi kesurupan. Tokoh-tokoh psikodinamika menyebutnya â€˜histeriaâ€™; para pendukung teori disosiatif menyebutnya proses disosiatif; para pakar antropologi menyebutnya fenomena yang dibentuk budaya. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengajukan gagasan bahwa kesurupan dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi empat kategori yang berbeda, yakni kesurupan patologis, kesurupan relijius, kesurupan kuratif, dan kesurupan hiburan. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman dan dinamika psikologis lima individu yang mengalami kesurupan. Penulis menggunakan tes proyektif (BAUM, DAP, HTP) untuk menunjang eksplorasi dinamika psikologis kelima partisipan. Data penelitian dan hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa kesurupan patologis, relijius, kuratif, dan hiburan merupakan jenis kesurupan yang berbeda. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan patologis melaporkan rasa sakit psikologis yang akut saat kesurupan. Eksplorasi riwayat keluarga menunjukkan tipe chaotic-disengaged. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan relijius (dikuasai Roh Kudus) melaporkan ekstase spiritual, yang dicirikan oleh sukacita yang sangat intens. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan hiburan melaporkan episode kesurupan yang dipicu oleh musik dan ritual, yang penyebabnya diatribusikan ke makhluk supernatural. Secara umum, hasil penelitian mendukung perspektif bahwa kesurupan adalah mekanisme untuk mengekspresikan kebutuhan dan hasrat psikologis yang terpendam dan tidak terpenuhi dalam kehidupan nyata. Penjelasan berdasarkan perspektif tunggalâ€”misalnya hanya menggunakan perspektif fisiologis atau satu perspektif teoretikâ€”akan menimbulkan â€œmaterialisme medisâ€, yang dikhawatirkan William James. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung suatu perspektif yang holistik, yang menyatakan bahwa kesurupan merupakan interaksi dinamis antara kebutuhan psikologis yang terpendam, frustrasi, hasrat, dan representasi keyakinan sosioreligiuspara partisipan. Kata kunci: kesurupan patologis, kesurupan relijius, kesurupan kuratif, kesurupan hiburan, fenomena disosiatif, perubahan kesadaran

Religiusitas, Koping Religius, dan Kesejahteraan Subjektif Utami, Muhana Sofiati
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The purpose of this research was to study the variables of religiosity, positive religious coping and negative religious coping as predictors of studentâ€™s subjective well-being. The subjects of this research were 166 college students. Their subjective well-being was measured by using the SWB-SLS Scale (Positive Affect, Negative Affect and Life Satisfaction at Campus) and the SWB-PLS (Positive Affect, Negative Affect and Personal Life Satisfaction). Religiosity Scale and Religious Coping Scale were used respectively to measure the religiosity and the positive and negative religious coping. Based on the parametric-statistic analysis with Pearsonâ€™s product-moment correlation indicated that there is a positive relationship between positive religious coping and studentâ€™s subjective well-being and a negative relationship between negative religious coping and studentâ€™s subjective well-being. However, it was not found that religiosity has relationship with studentâ€™s subjective well-being. Based on the multiple regression analysis, this research showed that the three variables can simultaneously become the predictors of studentâ€™s subjective well-being. The effective contribution of positive and negative religious coping is more significant than that of religiosity to studentâ€™s subjective well-being. Keywords: religiosity, positive religious coping, negative religious coping, subjective well being

Berpikir Positif untuk Menurunkan Stres Psikologis Kholidah, Enik Nur; Alsa, Asmadi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The purpose of this research was to test the effectiveness of training on positive thinking for reducing studentâ€™s stress level. The proposed hypothesis was that â€œPositive thinking training is effective for reducing studentsâ€™ stress levelâ€. The subjects of the research were 48 students from the Faculty of â€œPâ€ of â€œKâ€ University in Yogyakarta. They were divided into two groups, namely experimental group and control group. Each group consisted of 24 students. The experimental design used in the research was the pretest-posttest control group design. Herewith, the experimental group received treatment in the form of training on positive thinking. The studentsâ€™ stress level scale (SSLS) was used to reveal whether they experienced stress disorder or not. After receiving the positive thinking training, it revealed that the stress level of the experimental group decreased compared with that of the control group (waiting list) that did not receive the training. The T-test done by analyzing the gained score differences between experimental group and control group indicated that the positive thinking training is effective for reducing studentsâ€™ stress level. It was shown that the result of t count of gained score data (the increasing of positive thinking) amounts 8.232 with p=0.001 and of the reducing of positive thinking amounts -8.148 with p=0.001. Keywords : studentsâ€™ stress level, positive thinking, positive thinking training.

Keterlibatan Siswa (Student Engagement) sebagai Mediator Kompetensi Emosi dan Prestasi Akademik Dharmayana, I Wayan; Masrun, -; Kumara, Amitya; Wirawan, Yapsir G
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

There is a hypothesis that emotional competencies have indirect effects to the academic achievement through school engagement and a higher Academic success requires higher emotional competencies and school engagement. This study aimed to test the hypothesis. It utilized subjects consisting of 417 excellent students. Psychological scale (emotional competence scale), Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) intelligence test and documen-tations were used for collecting the data. A Structural equation modeling of AMOS 6.0 was applied to analyze the data. The important result of this study supported the hypothesis and affirmed that emotional competence indirectly affects the academic achievement through the school engagement. Based on the result of this research, it was suggested that the efforts and interventions have to include the aspects of emotional competence and school engagement as integral parts of educational program in the school. Keywords: emotional competence, student engagement, academic achievement

Orientasi Tujuan, Atribusi Penyebab, dan Belajar Berdasar Regulasi Diri Susetyo, Yuli Fajar; Kumara, Amitya
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aims of this research were: (1) to test the difference of self regulated learning based on goal orientation of senior high school students in Yogyakarta, (2) to test difference of self regulated learning based on causal attribution of senior high school students in Yogyakarta, (3) to test difference of self regulated learning based on interaction between goal orientation and causal attribution of high school students in Yogyakarta. Participants were 488 Grade XI students of SMA Negeri â€Aâ€ Bantul, SMA Negeri â€œBâ€ Bantul, SMA Negeri â€œCâ€ Sanden, and SMA Negeri â€œDâ€ Bambanglipuro. Data were collected using self regulated learning scale, mastery goal orientation scale, performance goal orientation scale, causal attribution scale of success, and causal attribution scale of failure. The data were analyzed using the technique of analysis of variance. The results suggest that: (1) there is significant difference of self regulated learning based on goal orientation (F=36.814 p=0.000), (2) there is significant difference of self regulated learning based on causal attribution of success (F=31.081 p=0.000), (3) there is significant difference of self regulated learning based on causal attribution of failure (F=21.837 p=0.000), 4) there is significant difference of self regulated learning based on interaction between goal orientation and causal attribution of success (F=2.983 p=0.031), and 5) there is no significant difference of self regulated learning based on interaction between goal orientation and causal attribution of failure (F=2.444 p=0.063) Keywords: self regulated learning, mastery goal orientation, performance goal orientation, causal attribution of success, causal attribution of failure

Metode Stimulasi dan Perkembangan Emosi Anak Usia Dini Martani, Wisjnu
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Emotion is an important factor for early child life. Children use their emotion to be able to be survive. One of the factors in early child emotion development is teacher. The technique to stimulate depends on the teacher understanding to the child development and the stimulation it self. This research was aimed to investigate how extent the teacher understanding was implemented in the stimulation technique for early children emotional development. The participants were 30 kindergarten teachers. Data was collected using interview and opened questionary. Data was analyzed through qualitative approach. The result shows that teacher understands the children emotional development, but the stimulation way is based on the manner set and teacher perception. Keywords: teacher perception, early children, stimulation, emotional development

Deprivasi Relatif dan Prasangka Antar Kelompok Santhoso, Fauzan Heru; Hakim, Moh Abdul
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The study aimed to measure the influence of relative deprivation toward intergroup prejudice within undergraduate students in the Faculty â€œXâ€ at Universitas Gadjah Mada. The relative deprivation theory predicted that when a person or a group is believed to be having limitation/weakness in comparison to the other people/groups, psychological problems and negative behaviors will be likely to occur. Pettigrew (2008) stated that the relative deprivation experienced by a group is strongly related to the occurrence of intergroup prejudice. This study was conducted by using a quasi-experimental method with pre test â€“ post test control group design. A total of 20 undergraduate students participated in this study, which were grouped into two experimental groups (one group with narrative intervention and one group with narrative and provocation intervention) and one control group, after being selected through a proportional random sampling. Data were collected by using two scales, i.e. relative deprivation scale and intergroup prejudice scale. A one-way ANOVA analysis was used to see the difference between pre- and post-test scores across the three groups. Result of the study showed that relative deprivation did not influence the occurrence of intergroup prejudice. Keywords: relative deprivation, prejudice, intergroup

Abilitas Komposit dalam Tes Potensi Azwar, Saifuddin; Ridho, Ali
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

When a unidimensionality assumption has been actually violated, interpretation of test scores might be jeopardized. It couldnâ€™t be overemphasized in case of high-stake exams such as PAPs UGM (academic potentiality test for UGM graduate student candidates) which was supposed to reflect a composite ability. This study aimed at revealing item characteristics of PAPs A-1 Series based on UIRT and MIRT and discovering dimensionality of the three subtests of the test. Scores of subject (n=2035) on the 3 subtests were analysed and the results showed that 27 items (10 of Verbal, 8 of Kuantitatif, and 9 of Penalaran) were flagged for having rbis of less than 0.25 and 6 other items for having abnormally high pseudo-guessing parameters. Dimensionality analyses found out that Penalaran subtest was local-dependent while Verbal and Kuantitatif subtests both were local-independent. In addition, MIRT analyses failed to fully describe item characteristics of the test due to effect of interaction among probabilities of correct response of the three subtests. Keywords: dimensionality, PAPs UGM, MIRT, UIRT

Karakteristik Psikologis Atlet di Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Dimyati, -; Herwin, -; Hastuti, Tri Ani
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The main goal of this study was to describe the psychological characteristics of the athletes of archery, tae kwon do, Pencak Silat, football, athletics, volley ball, and sepaktakraw in the Center for Students Education and Training (CSET). The data were collected from 104 male and female athletes. The study showed that among the groups of athletes of different sports had different psychological characteristics. Footballers had the best motivation, self-confidence, and mental preparation. Athletes of tae kwon do had the best control of anxiety and concentration, but the lowest motivation. Volleyball athletes had the highest team concern, but the lowest concentration, self-confidence, and mental preparation, compared to those from the other sports. The athletes of athletics had the lowest team concern, and the athletes of pencak silat had the lowest control of anxiety compared to athletes from the other sports. Keywords: athletes, CSET, psychological characteristics

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