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SAPTANA -
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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DAMPAK KRISIS MONETER DAN KEBIJAKSANAAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP DAYA SAING AGRIBISNIS AYAM RAS PEDAGING DI JAWA BARAT SAPTANA -; I WAYAN RUSASTRA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 1, No. 1 Februari 2001
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Monetary and economic crisis started on the mid of 1997 has negative impact on theperformance and sustainability of poultry industry in this country. The main problem facedby broiler industry, namely: (1) Most of feed stuff are highly dependent on import; (2) Thestructure of input and output market are olygopolistic in nature; (3) Cooperative farming isnot consistently implemented; and (4) The price of input factor increased threefold due tomonetary and economic crisis. Based on those backgrounds, the objective of this study is toanalysis the impact of government policy on financial and economic feasibilities of broileragribusiness. The finding of the respective study conducted in two district (Bogor andTasikmalaya) indicated that: (1) Because of economic crisis, financial and economicprofitability of broiler industry decreases; (2) Private Cost Ratio (PCR) increased from 0,753– 0,873 to 0,851 – 0,989 due to crisis, indicating lower financial competitiveness; (3) Thevalue of DRCR before and after crisis are 0,727 – 0,976 vs. 0,790 vs. 0,917 which reveallower economic competitiveness; and (4) The value of Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC)during the economic crisis showed that broiler industry experiencing disincentive for bothinput and output market. The implication of this study in relation with the development ofbroiler industry facing the economic globalization are as follows: (1) The vertical integrationand cooperation between smallholder broiler farming and input/output industry should bestrengthening in synergistic manner; (2) In order to generate foreign exchange and highervalue added through export and product development as well as product differentiation,vertical integration for all agribusiness subsystem in broiler industry should be implemented;and (3) The establishment of cooperative broiler farming system should be conducted in theregional news of potential market and feed stuff producing regions.
DAMPAK PENINGKATAN TARIF IMPOR GULA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI TEBU A. HUSNI MALIAN; SAPTANA -
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

International sugar price tended to decline during 2002 due to high stock sugar inproducing countries and high import tariff by consumed countries. Such condition resultingnegative impact for sugar cane farmers. Therefore, government increased import tariff to700/kg to increase farmer’s income. Based on some assumptions; price of white sugar cane inthe world US $ 225/ton, value of exchange rate Rp. 8,500 – Rp. 8,700/US $, a range ofrendemen 6.00 – 6.50 % and farmers receive management fee 20 % from BEP; specific tariffrange from Rp 950,- to Rp 1,300/kg. To reduce the negative impact, government providedsubsidized to farmers calculated from BEP + 20% (management fee) subtracted by lelangprice at farmer level.
ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN KEMITRAAN USAHA DI SENTRA SENTRA PRODUKSI SAYURAN (SUATU KAJIAN ATAS KASUS KELEMBAGAAN KEMITRAAN USAHA DI BALI, SUMATERA UTARA, DAN JAWA BARAT) SAPTANA -; KURNIA SUCI INDRANINGSIH; ENDANG L. HASTUTI
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 7, No. 3 November 2007
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Economy globalization and commerce liberalization the competition of rivalization and integration of commodity market, that requires the change of operational method of stakeholder system of vegetable business. This research was aimed to analyze the comparation of system process among stakeholder business, in order to formulize the model of stakeholder system of vegetable business which compitable. The system of stakeholder business which exist and on going in the overall locations are: General Trade Pattern, Marketing Contract Pattern, Nucleus Estate Smallholder Pattern, Agribusiness Operational Cooperation Pattern, Seedling Credit and Supervision Pattern, Cooperation on Development of Agribusiness Sub Terminal, Cooperation on capital preparation of Multi Business, Village Credit System, Credit Union, and Banking Systems. The affectivity of business stakeholder system on vegetable commodity in production central area have not shown the optimum working effort yet, due to the weakness of commitment among those who involve in the cooperation, lack of open management, there was no market and price guarantee of all vegetable commodities, as well as lack of supply guarantee for supplier or stakeholder company important. Policy implication of the condition above were the necessary to build the stakeholder system of vegetable business which needed, strengthening, and profitable among each other. Keywords: Institution, Business Stakeholder, Central Production, Vegetable ABSTRAK Globalisasi ekonomi dan liberalisasi perdagangan mendorong terjadinya persaingan yang semakin kompetitif serta pasar komoditas yang terintegrasi, sehingga menuntut adanya perubahan cara beroperasinya kelembagaan-kemitraan usaha sayuran. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pola, aturan main dan pola interaksi antar kelembagaan, serta analisis perbandingan kinerja kelembagaan antar kemitraan usaha, sehingga dapat dirumuskan model kelembagaan kemitraan usaha komoditas sayuran yang berdayasaing. Kelembagaan kemitraan usaha yang eksis dan sedang berjalan di seluruh lokasi antara lain adalah : Pola Dagang Umum, Pola Kontrak Pemasaran, Pola Inti-Plasma, Pola Kerjasama Operasional Agribisnis, Pola Pembinaan dan Kredit Bibit, Kerjasama dalam rangka pengembangan Sub Terminal Agribisnis (STA), Kerjasama dalam penyediaan modal Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU), Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD), Credit Union dan lembaga perbankan. Efektivitas kelembagaan kemitraan usaha pada komoditas sayuran di daerah sentra produksi belum menunjukkan kinerja yang optimal karena lemahnya komitmen antara pihak-pihak yang bermitra, manajemen yang kurang transparan, belum adanya jaminan pasar dan harga pada semua komoditas sayuran serta kurang adanya jaminan pasokan bagi supplier atau perusahaan mitra. Implikasi kebijakan penting dari kondisi di atas adalah pentingnya membangun kelembagaan kemitraan usaha komoditas sayuran yang dapat saling membutuhkan, memperkuat dan saling menguntungkan. Kata Kunci: Kelembagaan, Kemitraan Usaha, Sentra Produksi, Sayuran
MIGRASI TENAGA KERJA PEDESAAN DAN POLA PEMANFAATANNYA JULIA FORCINA SINURAYA; SAPTANA -
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 7, No. 3 November 2007
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Economic development is a dynamic process in medium or long term that bringsimpact on social economics’ structural change in rural community. The social economictransformation can be as sectoral shiftment or employment, institutional, and norms amongwherein community. Macro data assessment shows that sectoral economic shifts faster thanemployment shiftment. The objective of this paper is to analyze: (1) Macro Employment;(2) Migration scheme of rural labor; (3) Identification activity type in the origin; (4) Drivenand apathetic factors of rural labor migration; and (5) The utility scheme of migration inhousehold economy. Macro description (1990 – 2005) on population migration in threerepresentative provinces shows that immigration less than emigration. In general view ofthat, population move consistently from producer area of agricultural product in the rural tourban area. There two schemes of representative rural migration. Migration scheme in wetland area is seasonal, while one in dry land tends to be constant. The aggregate shows thatmain driven factor of household member to migrate in two type of agro ecosystem is thelimited employment in rural area; in contrary apathetic factors in destination area is higheropportunity of job. Living cost payment is major utility scheme that resulted of householdmember migration, particularly for household consumption, school fee, house renovation,and saving.
ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF DAN KOMPETITIF KOMODITAS KENTANG DAN KUBIS DI WONOSOBO JAWA TENGAH SAPTANA -; SUMARYANTO -; SUPENA FRIYATNO
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 2, No. 1 Februari 2002
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

The Agricultural Development in Indonesia is focused to enhance thestructure of production that more diversified through sustainable agribusinessapproach. With this context, based on the demand side horticulture commoditiesespecially potato and cabbage are feasible to developed by increasing of productionarea, cropping intensity, and productivity. This paper is proposed to: (a) conductingfinancial and economic analysis of both commodities, (b) comparative andcompetitive analysis, (c) measuring the divergences and government policy impact,(d) formulating the incentive policy interim of both commodities development. ByPolicy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method, the result showed that both commoditieshave comparative and competitive advantage, which is indicated by DRC and PCRless then 1 .The calculation showed the DRC for potato is arranging 0.239 – 0.306and for cabbage is 0.622-0.660. PCR for potato is arranging 0.413-0.468 and forcabbage is 0.854-0.875. That mean for producing the one unit value added of bothcommodities can be achieved by using less then one unit of the domestic resourcefactors. In other word, in Wonosobo Central Java both commodities are moreprofitable to produce than import.
HUBUNGAN PENGUASAAN LAHAN DAN PENDAPATAN RUMAHTANGGA DI PEDESAAN (Kasus di Propinsi Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Barat dan Kalimantan Barat) SUPRIYATI -; SAPTANA -; YANA SUPRIYATNA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Historically correlation between landowner and land holding structure with householdincome structure in the rural area is linearity. Land owner or land holding structure inequalitymain factors to cause income structure inequality. In condition, there are the opportunityemploy and economic activity to open up, why is the correlation between landowner and landholding structure with the income structure? This paper objective to study: (1) Land owneror land holding structure in the rural area; (2) Household income structure in the rural area;and (3) The correlation between landowner and land holding structure with the householdincome structure in the rural area. Location on this study to focused in the three district inthree provincial exes. Klaten, central Java; Pasaman, West Sumatera; and Landak, WestKalimantan. The study to analyze by descriptive, gini index, and correlation analyze. Ingeneral, land owner and land holding size in Klaten, central Java less than West Sumatera andWest Kalimantan. Gini index analysis relatively to indicate high equality, except in Pasaman,West Sumatera. Inequality on land holding lower than landowner in all location. Totalincome in Klaten, Central Java to range Rp. 6,77 - 6,97 million/years; Pasaman, WestSumatera to range Rp. 7,30 – Rp. 8,10 million/years; and in Landak, West Kalimantan torange Rp. 5,90 – 6,65 million/years. Analyze gini index for household income to indicatehigh inequality income structure rural area in Klaten. On the other hand, rural area inPasaman, West Sumatera and Landak, West Kalimantan gini index result reflecting lowinequality. There are deferent factors by location to cause inequality of landowner or landholding and household income structure, in Klaten rural area caused by high proportionincome source from non-agriculture. On the other hand, in Pasaman and Landak rural areacaused by level of technology adoption and kind of commodity planting by farmers.Statistically, correlation between landowner and land holding structure with householdagriculture income is not significant. Correlation between total income with the landowner orland holding in Pasaman, West Java is significant, but in Klaten, Central Java and Landak,West Java is not significant.
ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF DAN KOMPETITIF KOMODITAS KENTANG DAN KUBIS DI WONOSOBO JAWA TENGAH SAPTANA -; SUMARYANTO -; SUPENA FRIYATNO
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 1 Februari 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

The Agricultural Development in Indonesia is focused to enhance thestructure of production that more diversified through sustainable agribusinessapproach. With this context, based on the demand side horticulture commoditiesespecially potato and cabbage are feasible to developed by increasing of productionarea, cropping intensity, and productivity. This paper is proposed to: (a) conductingfinancial and economic analysis of both commodities, (b) comparative andcompetitive analysis, (c) measuring the divergences and government policy impact,(d) formulating the incentive policy interim of both commodities development. ByPolicy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method, the result showed that both commoditieshave comparative and competitive advantage, which is indicated by DRC and PCRless then 1 .The calculation showed the DRC for potato is arranging 0.239 – 0.306and for cabbage is 0.622-0.660. PCR for potato is arranging 0.413-0.468 and forcabbage is 0.854-0.875. That mean for producing the one unit value added of bothcommodities can be achieved by using less then one unit of the domestic resourcefactors. In other word, in Wonosobo Central Java both commodities are moreprofitable to produce than import.
ANALISIS DAYASAING KOMODITI TEMBAKAU RAKYAT DI KLATEN JAWA TENGAH SAPTANA -; SUPENA FRIYATNO; TRI BASTUTI P.
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2004
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Historically tobacco commodities had been interesting as high value commodity sinceHindia Belanda Colonialist. Indonesian government to be continued tobacco developmentimplemented by government estate enterprise (Perusahaan Negara Perkebunan). Tobaccofarm by smallholder estate in Klaten objective to export commodities. Based on the problemin the tobacco commodities system, this paper have objective to : (1) Performance of tobaccoeconomics; (2) Private and social analysis profitability; (3) Comparative and competitiveanalysis; (4) Incentives policy analysis in the tobacco commodities system; (5) To formulatedevelopment perspective on tobacco commodities. Methodological on this paper use PolicyAnalysis Matrix (PAM), especially to analysis competitiveness and impact of divergences.The result to describe that tobacco small holder farming in Klaten have comparative andcompetitive advantage, each to indicate coefficient value of DRC : 0.42-0.65 and PCR : 0.55-0.67. Even though tobacco market especially for export very high distorted, i.e. cukai costhave achieve 30-40 %. So that rural area in Klaten, Central Java more profitable to increasingfor tobacco domestic production compared with import. Policy implication, tobaccoproduction in Klaten can to be continued improvement by specific location of technologydevelopment. The several argument are efficiency of domestic resource use, extensive oflabor absorption, and so to gate some foreign exchange that is scarcity.
DINAMIKA KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI PEDESAAN JAWA (Kasus di Propinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur) SUPRIYATI -; SAPTANA -; SUMEDI -
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2004
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

The last periode, agricultural sector have to burdensome rural labor absorbtion,consequenly decleaning productivity of labor in agricultural sector and wage rate relativelystagnant. This paper obyective to study : (1) labor dinamic in the macro and micro level; (2)variety kind of labor activity and labor supply in wet land rural area; (3) structure of timelabor allocation in household level; (4) trend of wage rate in wet land rural area. Both inmacro and micro level labor absorbtion in agricultural sector each achieved 68 % and 66 %.Total labor absortion by members household about 75 – 127 days (21-35 %) from timeavaibility. Trend of riel wage rate in two provincial (East Java and Central Java) relativelystagnant (1.03 – 2.03 % per years), so in West Java Provincial to decleaning (0.09 %/years).This fact to indicate shown sign labor over supplay in the rural area. Several recomendationto solve this problem are land use optimalization by higher plant intencity; to developefarming diversification, especially high value commodity; land and farming consolidation;and to develope agroindustry based on local raw material.
DAMPAK EKONOMI FLU BURUNG TERHADAP KINERJA INDUSTRI PERUNGGASAN DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH SAPTANA -; EDI BASUNO; YUSMICHAD YUSDJA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 5, No. 3 November 2005
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) is poultry infectious disease and can cause dead. Apart from that, as awhole, AI has significant socio-economic impacts on poultry industry. In general, this particular studyaims to observe economic impact of AI towards performance of poultry industry in Central JavaProvince. Economic impact caused by AI towards poultry industry varies from region and from the typeof poultry. The most suffer was experienced by quail and layers farms, while impact on broilersrelatively small. Integrated type of farms suffered more compared to independent farms that spread outwith a better natural barrier. On breeding farms, AI had reduced DOC production to 40 percent and alsoreduced DOC selling price far below break even point (BEP). On feed industries, 14, 58 percentreduction on production was occurred, however, it does not have impact on feed selling. Meanwhile,economic impact of AI towards chicken slaughtering house, broiler middlemen and retailers reduced by40, 80 and 33 – 50 percent respectively and it has impact on temporary selling price. Economic impactof AI towards egg middlemen and egg retailers also decreased by 66, 67 and 53 percent respectively,however it did not influence egg selling price. Relevant policy implications are: (1) implements earlydetection; (2) applies quick and accurate data monitoring; (3) implement tight bio-security; (4) recoverypolicies at the farm level, with compensation and low interest rate credit supports.
Co-Authors A. Husni Malian ADI SETIANTO Edi Basuno ENDANG L. HASTUTI HERLINA TARIGAN I Wayan Rusastra JULIA FORCINA SINURAYA KURNIA SUCI INDRANINGSIH Roosganda Elizabeth SUMARYANTO - SUMEDI - Supena Friyatno Supriyati - SYAHYUTI - TRI BASTUTI P. Tri Pranadji YANA SUPRIYATNA Yusmichad Yusdja