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Journal : Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)

Efektivitas Ekstrak Tumbuhan untuk Mengeliminasi Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis pada Benih Tomat Aprizal Zainal; Aswaldi Anwar; Satriyas Ilyas; , Sudarsono; , Giyanto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 38 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (286.645 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v38i1.1672

Abstract

Objectives of experiments were to evaluate (1) in vitro inhibitory effects of plant extracts on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), (2) inhibitory effects of plant extracts on Cmm infected tomato seeds, and (3) effectiveness of seed treatment plus plant extracts to eliminate Cmm. After evaluating 20 plant extracts, curcuma rhizome and betel vine leaf extract, cinnamon and clove oil were selected for further test. Tomato seeds were artificially inoculated with Cmm to obtain high level of infection. Part of the seeds were dipped in either suspension of selected extracts for 20 minutes and the others were matriconditioned using a mixture of burned rice hull (at 22 °C and RH 60-70%) plus either of plant extracts oils, respectively. Elimination of Cmm level from infected seeds was observed at 10 days after treatments. Results of the experiment indicated curcuma extract, betel vine extract, cinnamon oil or clove oil showed in vitro inhibitory effects on Cmm. Moreover, dipping infected seeds in either 5% of curcuma, betel vine extract, or 0.5% of clove oil or matriconditioning plus these extracts oils were effective to eliminate Cmm from infected seeds. These treatments may potentially be used and developed commercially for eliminating seedborne Cmm on infected tomato seeds.   Keywords: Bacterial cancer, seedborne-pathogen, seed-treatments
Uji Inokulasi dan Respon Ketahanan 38 Genotipe To mat terhadap Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis Aprizal Zainal; Aswaldi Anwar; Satriyas Ilyas; , Sudarsono; , Giyanto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 39 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (181.368 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v39i2.4664

Abstract

Identifi kasi ketahanan genotipe adalah langkah awal dalam pengembangan kultivar tahan terhadap serangan patogen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (i) mendapatkan cara inokulasi dengan jumlah dan konsentrasi inokulum Cmm yang efektif untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan tomat terhadap Cmm di rumah kaca, (ii)  mendeterminasi reaksi ketahanan berbagai genotipe tomat akibat inokulasi Cmm. Percobaan ini menggunakan 38 genotipe tomat yang terdiri dari 7 genotipe tomat lokal, 15 genotipe tomat komersial, dan 16 genotipe koleksi Pusat Studi Pemuliaan Tanaman IPB Bogor (PSPT/IPB). Agen penyebab penyakit yang digunakan adalah 6 isolat Cmm hasil percobaan sebelumnya. Cara inokulasi Cmm yang efektif terhadap tomat cv. Marta (sangat rentan),  uji reaksi ketahanan berbagai genotipe tomat terhadap Cmm telah dilakukan di rumah kaca.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) inokulasi dengan menyuntikkan inokulum Cmm 5 µl konsentrasi 106 cfu/ml pada beberapa tempat di ketiak daun (daun pertama, daun tengah dan pucuk) merupakan cara yang paling efektif mengevaluasi ketahanan tomat terhadap Cmm, (ii) berbagai genotipe tomat yang diuji belum ada yang tahan teradap Cmm, genotipe tomat lokal ada yang agak rentan dan agak tahan.Kata kunci: kultivar tahan, suspensi bakteri, tomat