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The Prevalence of Human Immunodefiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) Subtypes and Transmission Method among HIV/AIDS Infection Patient in Tulungagung, East Java Indonesia Ardianto, Achmad; Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah; Kotaki, Tomohiro; Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari; Qushay, M.; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Rahayu, Retno Pudji; Widiyanti, Prihartini; Utomo, Budi; Lusida, Maria Inge; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 5, No 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The rapid epidemic growth of HIV is continuing in Indonesia. There are some factors which have influenced the spreading of this epidemic in Indonesia, such as the poor awareness to avoid unsafe free sex attitude and the sharing of needles and syringes among intravenous drug users (IDUs). The sexual transmission of HIV has also apparently increased in Tulungagung. Commercial sex workers play a significant role in the spread of HIV in Tulungagung. People in Tulungagung have worked at other countries as Indonesian migrants. This condition can cause the increase number of HIV-1 case and the possibility of genetic variation (subtype) HIV-1 in Tulungagung. This research is aimed to analyze the subtype and to determine estimation of transmission mode on infected patient of HIV-1 and AIDS who came to Seruni clinic Dr. Iskak hospital in Tulungagung. 40 HIV?AIDSpatients were interviewed to determine the subtype and the transmission mode. The results showed that 14 of 40 plasma samples (35%) were successfully to amplified and sequenced. OverallCRF01-AE wereidentified as predominant subtype among HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung. Based on individual information, 31 of 40 subjects (77%) were heterosexual transmission.
Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia; Sumiarto, Bambang; Untari, Tri; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Permatasari, Dian Ayu; Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari
Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) Vol 10 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Vete
Publisher : Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (439.328 KB) | DOI: 10.46549/jipvet.v10i1.74

Abstract

Multidrug resistance is a problem that is difficult to overcome in terms of treating infectious diseases. Multidrug resistance is the term used to describe when a bacteria is resistant to three or more different classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli as a commensal bacterium which has multidrug resistance, this causes more issues because Escherichia coli can transfer its resistant properties to other bacteria within the poultry digestive tract. The observational study is used to determine the risk factors and to estimate the quantitative effects arising from various components that contribute to the emergence of a disease. The sampling in this study was carried out randomly through cloaca swabs from commercial chicken farms in Blitar and 345 samples were collected. Complementary data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The results showed the incidence of multidrug resistance in commercial chickens in the Blitar District was 72.5%. There is a relationship between causative factors with the incidence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria that is significantly associated with positive risk factors. The strength of this relationship can be seen from the value of OR and RR, among others factors of chicken breed (OR = 3.07; RR = 1.34), breeder's education (OR = 2.3; RR = 1.29), type of livestock business (OR = 7.5; RR = 1.43), type of animal feed (OR = 1.91; RR = 1.2), veterinary support for livestock raising management (OR = 3.09; RR = 1.44). The reference variables are whether the antibiotics are administered by non-veterinarians (OR = 2.35) or by the TS (OR = 7.92), and whether there is an antibiotic administration program (OR = 3.16; RR = 1.47). The overseeing function of farm maintenance, management, and implementation of antimicrobial administration in commercial chicken farms needs to be improved, to increase breeders' awareness of the careful usage of antibiotics and controlling the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
Pemodelan Epidemiologi Kejadian Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Peternakan Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar Freshinta Jellia Wibisono; Bambang Sumiarto; Tri Untari; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Dian Ayu Permatasari; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 39, No 3 (2021): Desember
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsv.52071

Abstract

Sifat resistensi bakteri Escherichia coli terhadap antibiotik mengakibatkan terbatasnya pilihan pengobatan. Perkembangan lebih lanjut dari resistensi bakteri dapat menyebabkan munculnya multidrug resistance pada bakteri, sehingga meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit. Interaksi penyebaran kejadian multidrug resistance pada Escherichia coli yang terjadi pada populasi sangat kompleks, sehingga sulit memahami dinamika penyebaran berskala besar.  Pendekatan pemodelan menjadi sangat penting untuk pengambilan keputusan tentang program pengendalian penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian epidemiologi deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional study. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistic untuk mendapatkan pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli pada tingkat ternak, dan menggunakan regresi linier untuk mendapatkan pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli pada tingkat peternakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan Distribusi kasus kejadian multidrug resistance pada ayam komersial di Kabupaten Blitar menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian pada tingkat peternakan sebesar 95.9%. Pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat ternak menghasilkan model regresi logistik ganda Ln () = 0.21964 + 1.60374 RefTS + 1.44989 Broiler + 0.96022 PakRacik + 0.84182 ProgAb – 1.16667 SaniKan – 1.15046 Tritendap, dengan peluang kejadian sebesar 94 %. Pemodelan kejadian Multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat peternakan menghasilkan model regresi linier, MDR (Y) = 0.57886 + 0.16105 JUMitra + 0.19342 ProgAb – 0.16178 Dukudrh. Model ini memiliki wilk saphiro mendekati 1 (W = 0,9573) sehingga model persamaan ini merupakan model yang baik untuk kejadian Multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat peternakan.
Resistance Profile of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Bacteria using Vitek® 2 Compact Method Freshinta Jellia Wibisono; Bambang Sumiarto; Tri Untari; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Dian Ayu Permatasari; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
Buletin Peternakan Vol 44, No 2 (2020): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 44 (2) MAY 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v44i2.51347

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the resistance profile and the nature of multidrug resistance in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E.coli) against several classes of antibiotics. Positive isolates of ESBL-producing E.coli were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the VITEK® 2 compact method which then analyzed automatically. The results showed an antibiotic resistance profile against ESBL-producing E.coli showed the highest level of antibiotics in beta lactam, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone at 100%. Subsequent results found a relatively high level of resistance in the antibiotics aztreonam (86.36%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (77.27%), gentamicin (72.73%), and ciprofloxacin (68.18%). Antibiotics from carbapenem groups such as ertapenem and memenem, and antibiotics from the aminoglycosides (amicasin) and tigecycline groups of tetracycline still showed a high sensitivity level of 100%. The most common resistance patterns found in ESBL-producing E.coli isolates are AM/AMP/KZ/CTX/CRO/ATM/GM/CIP as much as 22.73%, and AM/AMP/KZ/CTX/CRO/ATM/GM/CIP/SXT patterns of 18.2%. The results of multi-class antibiotic resistance showed that 86.36% had multidrug resistance. The highest multidrug resistance pattern in ESBL-producing E.coli occurred with a BL/AG/Q/SP pattern of 50%. Other patterns of multidrug resistance in ESBL-producing E.coli that can be found in this study are, the BL/AG/Q/SP pattern is 18.20%, the BL/AG/Q/SP pattern is 13.64%, and the BL/AG/Q pattern is 4.55%. The high profile of resistance and the nature of multidrug resistance in ESBL-producing E.coli has the potential to spread these resistant genes, thus risking the use of antibiotics as a public health therapy and animal health, therefore further evaluation and control are needed.
THE PREVALENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFIENCY VIRUS-1 (HIV-1) SUBTYPES AND TRANSMISSION METHOD AMONG HIV/AIDS INFECTION PATIENT IN TULUNGAGUNG, EAST JAVA INDONESIA Achmad Ardianto; Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa; Tomohiro Kotaki; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum; M. Qushay; Juniastuti Juniastuti; Retno Pudji Rahayu; Prihartini Widiyanti; Budi Utomo; Maria Inge Lusida; Nasronudin Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.969 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v5i5.305

Abstract

The rapid epidemic growth of HIV is continuing in Indonesia. There are some factors which have influenced the spreading of this epidemic in Indonesia, such as the poor awareness to avoid unsafe free sex attitude and the sharing of needles and syringes among intravenous drug users (IDUs). The sexual transmission of HIV has also apparently increased in Tulungagung. Commercial sex workers play a significant role in the spread of HIV in Tulungagung. People in Tulungagung have worked at other countries as Indonesian migrants. This condition can cause the increase number of HIV-1 case and the possibility of genetic variation (subtype) HIV-1 in Tulungagung. This research is aimed to analyze the subtype and to determine estimation of transmission mode on infected patient of HIV-1 and AIDS who came to Seruni clinic Dr. Iskak hospital in Tulungagung. 40 HIV?AIDSpatients were interviewed to determine the subtype and the transmission mode. The results showed that 14 of 40 plasma samples (35%) were successfully to amplified and sequenced. OverallCRF01-AE wereidentified as predominant subtype among HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung. Based on individual information, 31 of 40 subjects (77%) were heterosexual transmission.
ANALYSI S ON SECONDARY I NFECTI ON- TRI GGERI NG MICROORGANISMS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AS A MODEL FOR POLICY CONTROL Retno Pudji Rahayu; Nasronudin Nasronudin; Retno Indrawati; Prihartini Widiyanti; Bimo Dwi Lukito; Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah; Siti Qomariyah Khairunisa; Adiana Mutamsari; Tomohiro Kotaki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.927 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v5i4.2016

Abstract

HIV infection is associated with immune-compromised and rising in opportunistic infection (secondary infection). Therefore, the number of mortality caused by HIV/AIDS is increasing. The use of ARV and development of HIV/AIDS management are expected to suppress the progress of HIV infection into AIDS and, therefore, the mortality can be diminished, while in fact most of the patients eventually suffer from AIDS due to secondary infection that commonly causes death. There should be a management by analysing microorganisms that trigger secondary infection. The method of this study was observational descriptive with cross sectional design. HIV infected blood samples were using ELISA Antibody (IgG and IgM) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) on laboratory test. The result showed correlation between HIV/AIDS severity and the amount and types of secondary infection. The most common secondary infections were toxoplasm (96.77%), hepatitis C (22.58%), tuberculosis (19.35%), and hepatitis B (3.22%). Other less frequent secondary infections, which were quite difficult to diagnose and not commonly found in Indonesia, were West Nile Virus (25.81%), Japanese Encephalitis Virus (3.22%), and Enterovirus (3.22%). Due to MDGs (Millenium Development Goals) target and the results above, researchers are highly demanded to contribute in decreasing mortality related to AIDS through early detection of secondary infection,including type of infection which have not been commonly found in Indonesia, such as West Nile Virus and Nipah Virus. The discovery of secondary infection in this study was not enough to suppress the occurrence of infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Antimicrobes and good nutrition are required. Moreover, there should be either a primary or secondary prophylaxis to prevent secondary infection that raises the number of mortality and morbidity of HIV/AIDS patients. The result of this study was to meet the target of MDGs by establishing new policies in handling HIV/AIDS infections and have potential as model for policy control in HIV/AIDS.
People's Intention to Visit Tourist Destinations during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Surabaya Umi Faricha Bascha; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum; Dwi Setiani Sumardiko; Dian Yuli Reindrawati
TIJAB (The International Journal of Applied Business) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): APRIL 2021
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/tijab.V5.I1.2021.60-70

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected tourism sectors, for example, resulting in social restrictions and travel restrictions. The declining number of tourists visiting tourist destinations has impacted cities for tourists including Surabaya. This paper aimed to analyze the Surabaya people's desire to make a leisure trip during the pandemic. A total of 121 questionnaires from 500 distributed ones which met the criteria were analyzed. The findings showed that the majority of Surabaya's residents had no intention of traveling during the pandemic as the Surabaya government implemented many travel restrictions, including large-scale social restrictions (LSSR) several times. The travel restrictions reduced the chance for traveling out of and into the Surabaya areas. The results of the questionnaires showed that green tourism would be the most chosen tourist destination by the respondents to visit if the pandemic calmed down. Culinary tours were placed in the second rank, followed by marine tourism and religious tourism. Suggestions for further research are that the government can provide more massive counseling about the importance of maintaining cleanliness. For instance, it needs to promote changing masks regularly and educating the public about the importance of Cleanliness Health Environment and Safety (CHSE) applied by all tourist destinations and other public places.
PENINGKATAN SUMBER DAYA PANGAN ASAL HEWAN DI KECAMATAN KANDANGAN KABUPATEN KEDIRI Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum; Dhandy Koesoemo Wardhana; Dian Ayu Permatasari
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v4i2.2020.243-250

Abstract

Food of animal origin is used for human consumption such as meat, milk, eggs and their derivatives. Food safety for food of animal origin is needed to prevent biological, chemical and physical contamination that can interfere of human health. One of the animal-based food businesses that are mostly managed in the Kandangan, Kediri is milk. Activities carried out in this community service program are counselling and demonstrations related to increasing food resources of animal origin in the area. The community was able to understand this extension activity on the importance of increasing food resources of animal origin and was able to participate in demonstrations of making yogurt. The results of the pre-test and post-test on public knowledge and awareness of the evaluation of the delivery that have been given show an increase from an average of 89.1 points to 100 points. This activity is able to increase the knowledge and skills of the local community on how to increase animal-based food resources in order to develop their business.Pangan asal hewan dimanfaatkan untuk konsumsi manusia yang berupa daging, susu, telur dan hasil turunannya. Keamanan pangan pada pangan asal hewan diperlukan untuk mencegah cemaran biologis, kimia dan fisik yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan manusia. Salah satu usaha pangan asal hewan yang banyak dikelola di daerah Kecamatan Kandangan, Kabupaten Kediri yaitu susu. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa penyuluhan dan demonstrasi terkait peningkatan sumber daya pangan asal hewan di Kecamatan, Kabupaten Kediri. Masyarakat mampu memahami kegiatan penyuluhan ini akan pentingnya peningkatan sumber daya pangan asal hewan dan mampu mengikuti demonstrasi pembuatan yoghurt. Hasil pre-test dan post-test pada pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat akan evaluasi dari penyampaian yang telah diberikan menunjukkan peningkatan dari rata-rata mendapatkan 89.1 poin menjadi 100 poin. Kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat sekitar bagaimana cara meningkatkan sumber daya pangan asal hewan dalam rangka mengembangkan usahanya.
TRIP TO BATU SECRET ZOO DAN PENGENDALIAN COVID-19 Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v5i1.2021.1-8

Abstract

The beginning of 2020, a new disease outbreak, namely Covid-19, has attack several countries around the world. The spread of this virus is very fast with a high mortality rate. Prevention efforts have been made by government to urging the public to carry out all activities from home and carry out outside activities by obey the rule with health protocols, such as wearing masks, washing hands and social distancing. Changes in people's behavior are require being able to adapt to new habits. This condition makes people feel bored with less varied routines. The community actually wants a refreshing in the middle of their routine during in pandemic. However, various tourism businesses that provide entertainment to release the boredom of community have also a significant impact with the Covid-19 outbreak. The government has advice for the temporary closure of tourist attractions during the pandemic and prepare adequate infrastructure for implementing health protocols when tourist attractions are reopened. The government has been suggestion to tourism businesses who are ready to receive tourists during the pandemic. This community service hope that the community will be wise in making travel decisions during the pandemic.Keywords: Covid-19, Health Protocol, Prevention, Tourist AttractionabstrakPermulaan tahun 2020 muncul wabah penyakit baru yaitu Covid-19 yang melanda beberapa negara di seluruh dunia. Penyebaran virus ini sangat cepat dengan tingkat kematian yang cukup tinggi. Upaya penanggulangan telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah dengan menghimbau masyarakat untuk melakukan segala aktivitas dari rumah dan apabila melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah dengan memenuhi protokol kesehatan yaitu memakai masker, mencuci tangan dan menjaga jarak. Perubahan perilaku masyarakat menuntut untuk dapat beradaptasi dengan kebiasaan baru. Hal ini membuat masyarakat mengalami kejenuhan akan rutinitas yang kurang bervariasi. Masyarakat pun sebenarnya menginginkan adanya penyegaran di tengah rutinitas saat pandemi. Akan tetapi berbagai usaha wisata yang menyediakan hiburan untuk melepaskan kejenuhan yang dialami oleh masyarakat juga mengalami dampak yang signifikan dengan adanya wabah Covid-19 ini. Pemerintah menghimbau penutupan sementara tempat wisata selama pandemi dan mempersiapkan sarana prasarana yang memadai untuk penerapan protokol kesehatan saat tempat wisata dibuka kembali nantinya. Himbauan pemerintah telah dijalankan oleh pelaku usaha wisata yang siap menerima wisatawan saat pandemi. Dengan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan masyarakat bijak dalam mengambil keputusan berwisata pada saat pandemi berlangsung.Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Pengendalian, Protokol Kesehatan, Tempat Wisata
Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Minat Masyarakat dalam Berwisata dan Sosialisasi Penerapan Protokol New Normal Saat Berwisata Umi Farichah Bascha; Dian Yuli Reindrawati; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum; Dwi Setiani Sumardiko
Jurnal Abdidas Vol. 1 No. 6 (2020): Vol 1 No 6 December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/abdidas.v1i6.129

Abstract

Persebaran COVID-19 membuat masyarakat memutuskan untuk tidak melakukan wisata selama pandemi, akan tetapi setelah normal baru dan diberlakukannya protokol kebersihan di tempat-tempat wisata, maka masyarakat perlu mendapatkan sosialisasi mengenai pertimbangan yang perlu dipahami sebelum melakukan perjalanan wisata. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya penerapan protokol kesehatan selama berwisata dan juga memberikan bantuan perlengkapan tempat minum, tampat makan, masker, handsanitizer dan jamu tradisional Indonesia untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pentingnya menjaga kebersihan dan kesehatan. Peserta telah memahami pentingnya perlengkapan disaat pandemi ini, masker merupakan perlengkapan utama yang harus dikenakan, selain cairan pembersih tangan, penutup wajah dan sabun tangan. Peserta memahami pertimbangan apa saja yang harus dipikirkan sebelum melakukan perjalanan wisata domestik maupun wisata lokal.