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Sains & Matematika
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : 23027290     EISSN : 25461835     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal ini menerbitkan artikel asli hasil penelitian di bidang biologi, fisika, kimia, dan matematika. Redaksi hanya menerima naskah asli yang belum pernah dipublikasikan dan tidak sedang dalam proses penerbitan di jurnal lain. Naskah dapat ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia, sesuai dengan ejaan yang baik dan benar atau bahasa Inggris yang baik dan benar.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 188 Documents
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PERBANDINGAN MODEL LINIER VERSUS ANALISIS VEKTOR PADA GERAK GRUP SUNSPOT DI LINTANG SELATAN DARI SIKLUS MATAHARI KE-23 Widodo, Nanang
Sains & Matematika Vol 1, No 2 (2013): April, Sains & Matematika
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Comparison of the two models aimed to get a representative model that can explain the movement of sunspot groups in southern latitudes on the solar cycles 23th. If the movement of the daily sunspot groups is projected in the longitude and latitude direction, then it can considered as vector Ri. The evolution of sunspot groups during n days can be implemented into n-1 vectors and total vector of Ri is the resultant vector, R. Commonly, the movement of sunspot groups shift to positive or negative latitude direction. If R divided by a long of evolution (= n days) obtained an average vector R= (± b°B, ± l°L) where, the magnitude of b is the average difference in degrees of longitude/day, and l is the average difference in degrees of latitude/day. Distribution of sunspot group position data from firstday until to n days can be approximated by a linear regression equation. In studying the trajectory characteristics of sunspot groups used sunspot data of classes H and J in the southern hemisphere of the disk solar observations BPD Watukosek from 1997?2008 (cycle 23). From the comparison of the above two models obtained the best linear trajectories of a sunspot group. This result accordingly to the properties of differential rotation at the solar surface. Where at the lower latitude sunspot group will move relative faster than higer latitudes. The results of modeling can be used to interpolate to data that is not observed and extrapolated to predict the position of a sunspot group on the next day. 
PROFI L HORMON ESTROGEN INDUK IKAN LELE (CLARIAS SP.) YANG DIINDUKSI LASERPUNKTUR SETELAH PEMBERIAN PAKAN DENGAN BERBAGAI KADAR PROTEIN Hariani, Dyah
Sains & Matematika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Induksi laserpunktur berkekuatan rendah di titik reproduksi induk lele betina dapat memacu produksi hormon gonadotropin (GtH). GtH-I berperan dalam proses steroidogenesis normal untuk memproduksi estrogen. Untuk mendukung produksi estrogen dibutuhkan nutrisi induk yang cukup terutama protein. Namun profi l hormon estrogen yang dihasilkan dari berbagai kadar protein pakan induk dan induksi laserpunktur belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji peningkatan kadar estrogen lele yang diberi pakan dengan berbagai kadar protein dan induksi dengan laserpunktur. Penelitian faktorial ini terdiri atas faktor I: induksi laserpunktur dan tanpa induksi laserpunktur dan faktor II: kadar protein pakan (30, 35 dan 40%) dengan rancangan penelitian rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Induksi dengan laserpunktur dilakukan seminggu sekali selama 8 minggu. Ikan uji sebanyak 172 ekor induk lele betina matang gonad pertama kali memijah dengan bobot badan 900-1500 gram dengan umur sekitar 1-1,5 tahun. Darah diambil dari empat ekor induk/perlakuan pada minggu ke-0, ke-2 hingga minggu ke-8, dan selanjutnya diuji menggunakan metode ELISA. Analisis data kadar estrogen dengan Anava menggunakan program SPSS Software versi 17.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan induksi laserpunktur dan pemberian berbagai kadar protein pakan induk lele meningkatkan kadar estrogen (P < 0,000). Induksi laserpunktur dan pemberian pakan dengan kadar protein 40% pada minggu ke-3 menghasilkan kadar hormon estrogen tertinggi. Induction of laserpuncture Helium-Neon a low powered at the point of reproductive broodstock cafi sh can stimulate the production of gonadotropin hormone (GtH I). GtH-I plays a role in normal steroidogenesis process for producing estrogen. To support the production of estrogen needed suffi cient broodstock nutrients, especially protein. However, the profi le of estrogen producted from various dietary broodstock protein levels and induction laserpuncture broodstockis unknown.The purpose of this study was to examine the increase in estrogen hormone level catfi sh dietary with different levels of protein and induced by laserpuncture. The factorial experimental consisted of factor I: induction of laserpuncture and without laserpuncture and factor II: dietary protein levels (30, 35 and 40%) conducted based on randomized completely block design with four replications. Induction of laserpuncture was done once a week for eight weeks. The tested fi shes consisted of 172 were mature gonad female catfi sh fi rstly spawning with 900-1500 g body weight to about 1-1.5 years old. The estrogen hormone level in the blood samples taken on 0, 2nd up to 8th week were analyzed by using ELISA method. The levels of estrogen were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS Software version 17.0. The results showed that laserpuncture induction and dietaring protein levels of catfi sh broodstock can increase the estrogen hormone levels (P < 0,000). Induction of laserpuncture and dietaring protein level of 40% at week 3 revealed the highest levels of the estrogen.
MONITORING PERDAGANGAN INVERTEBRATA LAUT SEBAGAI SPESIMEN AKUARIUM DI SURABAYA Indrawati, Putri; Tanziyah, Lia Li Anatus; Widiyawati, Eka
Sains & Matematika Vol 4, No 2 (2016): April, Sains & Matematika
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Saat ini perdagangan hewan invertebrata semakin marak, namun belum ada data tentang jenis-jenis hewan tersebut serta bagaimana status konservasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis invertebrata laut sebagai spesimen akuarium yang diperdagangkan di Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari, Surabaya; mendeskripsikan status perlindungan invertebrata laut; mendeskripsikan cara perolehan (asal) hewan invertebrata laut yang diperdagangkan; serta mendeskripsikan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam perdagangan invertebrata laut sebagai spesimen akuarium Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari, Surabaya berdasarkan alasan pembelian, frekuensi pembelian, dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang hewan yang dibeli. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi hewan yang diperdagangkan dan wawancara terhadap pedagang dan pembeli hewan invertebrata. Terdapat 29 spesies invertebrata laut yang diperdagangkan sebagai spesimen akuarium di Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari Surabaya, tiga di antaranya termasuk hewan dilindungi. Selain itu, terdapat empat spesies yang termasuk kategore Least Concern menurut IUCN adan 15 spesies termasuk apendiks II CITES.Nowadays, the trading of invertebrate animals are increasing, however there is no data about the species of these animals and the status of their conservation. The purposes of this research were to identify the sea invertebrates as specimen of aquarium traded in Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari, Surabaya; describe the conservation status of sea invertebrates; describe the origin of those traded animals; and describe the role of the society in the trading of aquarium specimen in Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari, Surabaya based on the reason of the purchase, the frequency of purchase, and the knowledge of peoples about animals that they bought. This research conducted using observation methods, namely by observing of the animals that are traded and conducted interviews to the traders and buyers of invertebrates. In Pasar Ikan Gunung Sari, there were four shops that sell sea invertebrates. There were 29 species of sea an invertebrate are traded and was found three species of them were protected based on Government Regulations. In addition, there were four species which were classified as Least Concern according to IUCN and 15 species which were classified as Appendix II according to CITES. The sea invertebrates are obtained from suppliers routinely from the sea in Banyuwangi, Situbondo, Bali and Papua. The buyers were sea animal?s lovers who collected sea invertebrates to decorate their aquariums, but they do not know the conservation status protected of the animals.
POTENSI TEPUNG TEMPE SEBAGAI ESTROGEN ALAMI TERHADAP UTERUS MENCIT PREMENOPAUSE Primiani, Cicilia Novi
Sains & Matematika Vol 1, No 2 (2013): April, Sains & Matematika
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Syntetic estrogen hormone is commonly used by women by and in their menopause cycle to overcome the problems related to menopause. Women make use of this syntetic estrogen hormone for a reason that it is easy to get, cheap and its easy application. This syntetic estrogen hormone can eventually result in side-effects. Powder of tempe has become the natural stuff with isoflavon, a chemical blend which is sturcturally fit to estrogen hormone. The objective of this research was to measure the effect of tempe starch towards the endometrium uterus of mice. The research applied experimental approach with completely randomized design with one factor of the dossage of tempe starch by 0.2 g/kg, 0.4 g/kg, and 0.6g/kg. The samples were 24 female mice of 12 months, which were divided into 4 groups of treatment with 6 times of application. The tempe powder was applied for 24 days. Surgery was was done on the 25th day. Histology of uterus was made under colouring technique of Hematoxilin Eosin (HE). The results showed that there were miometrium uterus and uterine gland proliferation. Based on the result, can be concluded that tempe powder can be used as natural estrogen. 
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT YANG BERPERAN DALAM FERMENTASI TUMPI JAGUNG BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK Nurin, Laila Alvi; Amalia, Rizki; Arisna, Tania S. W.; Sulistyanto, Wahyu N.; Trimulyono, Guntur
Sains & Matematika Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Tumpi jagung adalah sisa hasil pertanian berkualitas rendah. Bahan ini dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak, dalam pemafaatannya terlebih dahulu tumpi difermentasi. Pada proses fermentasi sering kali terkendala dengan lama waktu fermentasi dan tumbuhnya bakteri pembusuk yang merusak kualitas pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakteristik jenis bakteri asam laktat yang berperan dalam proses fermentasi tumpi jagung sebagai bahan pakan ternak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi bakteri asam laktat yang berasal dari tumpi jagung dan karakterisasi berupa karakteristik morfologi dan biokimia. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan bakteri asam laktat yang diisolasi nantinya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan tambahan dalam proses fermentasi tumpi jagung sebagai pakan ternak sehingga mempercepat proses fermentasi dan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pembusuk yang merugikan pakan ternak. Melalui tahap isolasi bakteri diperoleh 5 isolat bakteri asam laktat yang diperoleh dari proses fermentasi tumpi jagung bahan pakan ternak memiliki karakteristik umum yaitu berbentuk batang, Gram positif, tidak membentuk endospora, katalase negatif, heterofermentatif dan homofermentatif, dapat tumbuh pada suhu 35?-45?, serta tumbuh pada konsentrasi NaCl 4%-6,5%. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi yang dilakukan, diduga kelima isolat bakteri yang diperoleh merupakan anggota genus Lactobacillus. Tumpi jagung (corn waste) is a waste of agricultural products that have low quality. Tumpi jagung (corn waste) is used as animal feed, in the maize corn tillage first fermented tumpi jagung (corn waste). In the process of fermentation is often constrained by the length of fermentation time and the growth of bacterial decay that damage the quality of feed. The purposes of this research were to isolate the type of lactic acid bacteria and characterize the type of BAL that plays a role in the fermentation process of tumpi jagung (corn waste) as animal feed ingredients. This research was an observational research. The method consisted of isolating the lactic acid bacteria derived from the tumpi jagung (corn waste) and characterization of morphological and biochemical characteristics. The lactic acid bacteria isolated in this study, could be utilized as additional material in fermentation process of corncrop as animal feed so that accelerate the process of fermentation and inhibit the growth of decay bacteria that harm animal feed. Through the isolation stage of bacteria obtained five isolates of lactic acid bacteria obtained from the fermentation process of corn crops of livestock feed has a common characteristic that were rod-shaped, Gram positive, did not form endospora, catalase negative, heterofermentatif and homofermentatif, can grow at temperature 35?-45?, and grow at a concentration of NaCl 4% -6.5%. Based on the result of characterization, it was suspected that the five bacterial isolates were members of the genus Lactobacillus.
BENTUK-BENTUK IDEAL PADA SEMIRING (Z+, +,.) DAN SEMIRING (Z+, ⊕, *) Setyawati, Dian Winda; Soleha, Soleha; Rimadhany, Ruzika
Sains & Matematika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Himpunan bilangan bulat taknegatif, yaitu (Z+,+,.) merupakan semiring terhadap operasi penjumlahan dan perkalian biasa, sedangkan himpunan (Z+,?,*) juga merupakan semiring terhadap operasi penjumlahan ? dan perkalian yang didefi nisikan sebagai berikut: untuk setiap a,b?Z+ berlaku a ? b=FPB(a,b) dan a*b=KPK(a,b). Pada semiring R, himpunan bagian I dari R disebut ideal pada R jika a,b ? I dan r ? R maka a+b ? I dan ra, ar ? I . Pada artikel ini ditunjukkan bentukbentuk ideal pada semiring (Z+,+,.) dan bentuk-bentuk ideal pada semiring (Z+,?,*) serta menunjukkan hubungan satu ideal dengan ideal yang lain. Bentuk-bentuk ideal yang ditunjukkan adalah ideal maksimal, ideal substraktif, Q-ideal, ideal prima, ideal semiprima dan ideal primary. The set of nonnegative integers (Z+,+,.) is a semiring of the usual operations of addition and multiplication otherwise set (Z+,?,*) is also a semiring of the addition operation ? and multiplication defi ned as follows: for each a,b?Z+applies a ? b=gcd(a,b) and a*b=lcm(a,b). At semiring R, a subset I of Ris called an ideal in R if a,b ? I and r ? R, then a+b ? I and ra, ar ? I In this paper will be shown the forms of the ideal on the semiring (Z+,+,.) and forms of the ideal on the semiring (Z+,?,*) and shows the relationship of the ideal with the other ideal. Ideal form sthat will be shown is the maximal ideal, substractive ideal, Q-ideal, prime ideal, and the semiprime ideal and, primary ideal.
OPTIMASI PELARUT PENGEMBANG DALAM PEMISAHAN BENZIL ASETAT DARI EKSTRAK BUNGA TANAMAN MELATI Rinaningsih, Rinaningsih
Sains & Matematika Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Jasmine plant flower (Jasminum sambac) have a range of benefits. The compounds of these plants which are useful for medicine are benzyl acetate, acetic acid and indole linalil. The objective of this research was to identify the best developer solvent. Solvents used to identify the developer who is benzene, chloroform, benzene - chloroform (1:1), benzene - ethyl acetate (19:1). Based on the amount of stain on TLC chromatograms and spectral similarity as determined by TLC - Densitometer brand Simatsu type CS - 930, the most appropriate developer solvent to identify the benzyl acetate from the extract of jasmine is chloroform (CHCl3). This is partly because the price matches or see imminent standard polarity of benzyl acetate with chloroform as a developer solvent is better than another developer solvents and mixed solvents other developers. [Index polarity of benzyl acetate = 4.3, benzene = 0, chloroform = 4.4, benzene-chloroform (1:1) = 2.2, benzene - ethyl acetate (19:1) = 0.215]. Hence, it can be concluded that the best developer solvent or mix developers solvent to separate the benzyl acetate from the extract of Jasmine is the developer solvent chloroform. 
PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN FAMILI ZINGIBERACEAE OLEH MASYARAKAT SEKITAR KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI RANCABUAYA KECAMATAN CARINGIN KABUPATEN GARUT Mutaqin, Asep Zainal; Nurzaman, Mohamad; Setiawati, Tia; Budiono, Ruly; Noviani, Ela
Sains & Matematika Vol 5, No 2 (2017): April, Sains & Matematika
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Indonesia adalah negara yang memiliki keragaman suku bangsa dan budaya, termasuk pengetahuan tradisional di dalamnya. Salah satu pengetahuan yang ada di masyarakat adalah pengetahuan mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendokumentasikan pemanfaatan jenis-jenis tumbuhan famili Zingiberaceae oleh masyarakat desa di kawasan Wisata Pantai Rancabuaya Kecamatan Caringin Kabupaten Garut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif bersifat deskriptif analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi langsung dan wawancara semistruktur terhadap informan kunci. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik snowball sampling. Hasil wawancara menunjukan bahwa terdapat 12 jenis tumbuhan famili Zingiberaceae yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat, yaitu laja bodas (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.), laja beureum (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum.), kapolaga (Amomum cardamomum Maton), koneng temen (Curcuma domestica Val.), koneng gede (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), cikur (Kaempferia galanga Linn.), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe), jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe beureum (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum), koneng bodas (Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc.), lempuyang wangi (Zingiber aromaticum Val.), dan panglay (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.). Berdasarkan genusnya, masyarakat memanfaatkan Alpinia, Amomum, dan Kaempferia sebagai bumbu masak dan obat; Curcuma sebagai bumbu masak, bahan jamu, dan obat; serta Zingiber sebagai obat, bumbu masak, bahan minuman, dan ritual adat. Tumbuhan-tumbuhan tersebut merupakan tumbuhan liar dan hasil budidaya yang diperoleh dari pekarangan, kebun, dan sawah. Indonesia is a country that has a diversity of ethnic groups and cultures, including traditional knowledge in it. One of the existing knowledge in society is knowledge about the use of plants. This research was conducted to document the utilization of Zingiberaceae family of plant species by rural communities in the Rancabuaya Coastal area of Caringin District, Garut Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis. Data collection techniques were carried out by direct observation and semistructured interviews of key informants. Determination of informants is done by snowball sampling technique. Interview results show that there are 12 species of plants of the Zingiberaceae family that are utilized by the community, namely laja bodas (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.), laja beureum (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum.), kapolaga (Amomum cardamomum Maton), koneng temen (Curcuma domestica Val.), koneng gede (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), cikur (Kaempferia galanga Linn.), jahe gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe), jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), jahe beureum (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum), koneng bodas (Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc.), lempuyang wangi (Zingiber aromaticum Val.), dan panglay (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.).  Based on its genus, people use Alpinia, Amomum, and Kaempferia as cooking spices and medicines; Curcuma as cooking spices, herbal ingredients, and medicine; and Zingiber as medicine, cooking spices, beverage ingredients, and traditional rituals. These plants are wild plants and cultivation results obtained from the yard, garden, and rice fields.
ADSORPSI RHODAMIN B DENGAN ADSORBEN KITOSAN SERBUK DAN BEADS KITOSAN Kurniasih, Mardiyah; Riapanitra, Anung; Rohadi, Anas
Sains & Matematika Vol 2, No 2 (2014): April, Sains & Matematika
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Chitosan is a biopolymer that has adsorption ability toward dye substances due to its amino and hydroxyl functional groups. Thisstudy aimed to synthesize chitosan and chitosan beads from jerbung shrimp shell, and to test their adsorption ability on rhodamine Bdye. The chitosan and chitosan beads product of the synthesis were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrophotometer(FTIR) as well as the determination of water content, ash content, and swelling effect. The adsorption ability of chitosan and chitosanbeads on rhodamine B was tested using the parameters of maximum wavelength as well as the effect of variation of pH and contact time.The results of the study showed that the synthesis gave result to chitosan and chitosan beads with water content of 4.45% and 6.84%, ashcontent of 0.1% and 2.83%, and the swelling effect of 143.43 and 94.05%, respectively. Chitosan and chitosan beads adsorb rhodamineB optimally at pH 4 and 3 with a contact time of 120 and 180 minutes, respectively at a maximum wavelength of 554.2 nm.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT BAKTERI YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN KERANG PISAU (SOLEN SP.) Judianti, Oki W. D.; Asri, Mahanani Tri; Trimulyono, Guntur
Sains & Matematika Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
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Bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan kerang pisau (Solen sp.) berpotensi dalam senyawa antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas antibakteri bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan kerang pisau dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 dan Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047, menentukan isolat bakteri asosiasi kerang pisau yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbesar dalam menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli FNCC 0091 dan S. aureus FNCC 0047, menguji aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder bakteri asosiasi kerang pisau, menentukan metabolit sekunder yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik. Metode yang digunakan untuk skrining kualitatif adalah streak plate dan metode yang digunakan untuk skrining kuantitatif adalah well diffusion bilayer overlay. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder menggunakan metode well diffusion. Data hasil skrining dianalisis secara deskriptif dan data hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil skrining menunjukkan 7 dari 27 isolat bakteri asosiasi kerang pisau menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri, yaitu S611, S522, S526, S621, S625, S618, dan S626. Tiga isolat terpilih yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik adalah S526, S618, dan S621. Metabolit sekunder ketiga isolat tersebut menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri. Metabolit ekstraseluler S621 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik terhadap E. coli FNCC 0091 dengan rata-rata diameter zona jernih 17,67 ± 1,15 mm. Metabolit ekstraseluler S526 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik terhadap S. aureus FNCC 0047 dengan rata-rata diameter zona jernih 39,67 ± 1,15 mm. Solen sp. associated bacteria have potency to produce antibacterial compound. The purposes of this research were to describe the antibacterial activities of Solen sp. associated bacteria in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 and Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047, to determine Solen sp. associated bacteria isolat which has the highest antibacterial activities to againts of E. coli FNCC 0091 and S. aureus FNCC 0047, to assay the antibacterial activities from secondary metabolites of Solen sp. associated bacteria, to determine secondary metabolites which has the best antibacterial activities. Assay of antibacterial activities was done by qualitative screening using of streak plate method and quantity screening using of well diffusion bilayer overlay method along with antibacterial activities of secondary metabolites using of well diffusion method. Result of screening showed that seven isolates from 27 isolates of Solen sp. associated bacteria exhibited antibacterial activities, namely of S611, S522, S526, S621, S625, S618 and S626. Three isolates which have the best antibacterial activities were S526, S618 and S621. Secondary metabolites of those three Solen sp. associated bacteria showed antibacterial activities. Extracelular metabolites of S621 showed the best antibacterial activity against of E. coli FNCC 0091, and the average diameter of clear zone was 17.67 ± 1.15 mm. Extracelular metabolites of S526 showed the best antibacterial activity against of S. aureus FNCC 0047, and the average diameter of clear zone was 39.67 ± 1.15 mm.

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