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Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro
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JKD : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO ( ISSN : 2540-8844 ) adalah jurnal yang berisi tentang artikel bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan karya civitas akademika dari Program Studi Kedokteran Umum, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang dan peneliti dari luar yang membutuhkan publikasi . JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO terbit empat kali per tahun. JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Kedokteran Umum, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
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Articles 932 Documents
The Protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on Lung Damage in Rats due to Cigarette Smoke Exposure Faizah Fulyani; Muhammad Yudhistira; Hermawan Istiadi; Puspita Kusuma Dewi; Riski Prihatningtias; Noor Wijayahadi; Desy Armalina
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 2 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i2.37435

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoke consists of many free radicals that can reduce antioxidants in the body and further trigger oxidative stress. The state of oxidative stress can be minimized through antioxidant supplementation. Hibiscus sabdariffa (Rosella) is a herbal plant reported to be rich in antioxidants.Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Rosella extract on the microstructure of the lung and plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an experimental study with a post-test-only group design. A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups[L1] . Group K was given standard food and free access to water. Group K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were exposed to 4 cigarettes/day for 30 consecutive days. Before cigarette smoke exposure, each group received treatment with 1 mL saline (K1), vitamin E 0.2 g/kg b.w. (K2), and infused Rosella 0.25 g/kg b.w. (P1), 0.5 g/kg b.w. (P2), and 1 g/kg b.w. (P3). Plasma MDA levels were measured by the TBARS method. Statistical analysis was performed with one way ANOVA test and continued with a post hoc test.Results: Circulated MDA levels of groups K, K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were 1.84 ± 0.18 nmol/mL, 9.57 ± 0.27 nmol/mL, 2.24 ± 0.10 nmol/mL, 4.93 ± 0.31 nmol/mL 3.85 ± 0.55 nmol/mL, and 2.62 ± 0.37 nmol/mL respectively. Cigarette smoke exposure in group K showed significantly higher MDA levels (K versus K1; p < 0.001).  The administration of rosella infusion (P1, P2, P3) and or vitamin E supplementation (K2) can significantly suppress the plasma MDA levels due to cigarette smoke exposure ( p < 0.05). The administration of Rosella flower infusion 1 g/kg b.w. has an antioxidant effect similar to vitamin E supplementation 0.2  g/kg b.w. (p = 0.268).Conclusion: The administration of Rosella flower infusion could prevent lung damage from oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Keywords: Cigarette, Hibiscus sabdariffa,MDA, Oxidative stress.
EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF 0.2% CHLORHEXIDINE AND HIBISCUS (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) EXTRACT AGAINST Streptococcus sp BACTERIA ON DENTAL PLAQUE Athalaila Azzahrasukma Sakuntala; Arlita Leniseptaria Antari; Ira Anggar Kusuma; Yora Nindita
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 2 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i2.36720

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Streptococcus sp colonies are Gram-positive coccus bacteria that play a role in the formation of dental plaque and cause dental caries. However, dental caries can be prevented with the gold standard mouthwash, namely chlorhexidine. In other studies, many mouthwashes have been developed using traditional ingredients that have antibacterial potential, one of which is hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.). This is due to the presence of chemical compounds that can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus sp in dental plaque.Objectives: Testing the effectiveness of 0.2% chlorhexidine and H. rosa sinensis L. extract against Streptococcus sp in dental plaque.Method: Laboratory experimental research with pre and post test only control group design on 6 groups. Group K- (aquades), K+ (chlorhexidine), H. rosa sinensis L. extract 6.25% (P1), 12.5% (P2), 25% (P3), 40% (P4). Each of these groups consisted of 4 subjects. Data were obtained by counting the number of Streptococcus sp colonies before and after gargling which had been streak-cultured on blood agar media. The statistical analysis used the Shapiro Wilk test showed significant results P ≥ 0.05, followed by the One Way ANOVA parametric test. While the not significant results with the Kruskall Wallis non-parametric test.Results: There was a significant difference between the 4 concentrations of H. rosa sinensis L. extract 6.25% (P1), 12.5% (P2), 25% (P3), and 40% (P4) with the control (+) (p = 0 .00), and at a concentration of 25% (P3) effectively inhibited the growth of Streptococcus sp bacteria by 12.5%.Conclusion: H. rosa sinensis L. extract was effective compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus sp. Administration of various concentrations of H. rosa sinensis L. mouthwash extract inhibited the growth of Streptococcus sp, and at a concentration of 25% (P3) effectively inhibited Streptococcus sp by 12.5%.
Case Report : Fahr’s Disease With Acute Double Hemiparese Manifestation Vania Ayu Puspamaniar; Giam, Billy Putera Kurniawan; Bonfilio Neltio Ariobimo; Lisa Puspitorini
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 2 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i2.37711

Abstract

Fahr's disease is a very rare disease with a prevalence of 1/1,000,000 individuals. We present a case report of a male with sudden double hemiparese and basal ganglia calcification leading to the diagnosis of Fahr's disease. A 59 years old male presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of unable to move his upper and lower extremities in a sudden. The complaint begins with weakness of the right side of the body, followed by weakness of the left side of the body the day after. The serum levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and Parathyroid Hormonal (PTH) have not been measured due to the patient’s financial problems. CT scan of the brain showed bilateral, symmetrical, wide areas of calcification over the fossa posterior, basal ganglia, periventricular, and parietal area, which were suggested as Fahr’s disease. The patient is being treated with the injection of neuroprotectant, antibiotic, vitamin, neuropathic analgesia, and fluids. He is also being consulted with medical rehabilitation to get some physical treatments. Treatment goals include: increase and or maintain ROM, prevent contractures, strengthens weak muscles that may be underutilized, improvement and maintenance of postural stability in static postures and during mobility, and fall prevention. Our case highlight sudden double hemiparese which different from previous literature which says that neurological deficit symptoms appear with a chronic nature and the importance of combining pharmacological therapy and physical therapy as in this patient to reduce the patient's morbidity.
Effect of Tiger Shrimp Shell Extract (Penaeus monodon) on Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Mice Indah Saraswati; Desy Armalina; Fadila Risang Ayu; Ratna Damma Purnawati
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.38767

Abstract

Background: The shell is a part of the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) body that often becomes waste and has not been utilized properly, but it contains secondary antioxidants that can prevent oxidative stress in the form of astaxanthin. Although several studies have examined the function of astaxanthin as an antioxidant, the role of it in tiger shrimp shells against hepar mice induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG) is not well knownObjective: to determine the effect of tiger shrimp shell extract in graded doses on the histopathological picture of hepatic mice induced by MSG.Methods: Extraction of tiger shrimp shell was carried out with palm head oil solvent and analyzed with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). This study used 25 male mice classified into 5 groups. One group was negative control without any need and 4 other groups were induced with MSG 0.84 g/kgBB. Three of the MSG-induced groups were induced with tiger shrimp shell extract at doses of 50 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB, and 200 mg/kgBB. The treatment was given for 35 days. Mice were terminated on the 42nd day and hepatic histopathology was observed with Manja Roenigk score.Results: The group  induced with tiger shrimp shell extract in graded doses showed a better picture of hepatic histology structure compared to the group that was only induced with MSG. Statistical tests using the Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference between each group with a P value of 0.005.Conclusion: Feeding of tiger shrimp shell extract in graded doses can prevent hepatic damage to MSG-induced mice.
The Correlation Lifestyle with the Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Erika Martining Wardani; Riezky Faisal Nugroho
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.37822

Abstract

Background: The structure of society that changes from agrarian patterns to industrial societies contributes a lot to lifestyle changes that can trigger an increase in Non-Communicable Diseases, one of which is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). A changed lifestyle is diet and physical activity. Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are one of the triggers for the onset of DM type 2.Objective: To analyze the correlation between lifestyle (diet and physical activity) and the incidence of DM type 2.Methods: The design of this study is analytical observational with a retrospective study. The population of this study was all dm sufferers diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 at the Waru Siodarjo Health Center. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, 60 samples in this study, and research instruments using questionnaire sheets. The Statistical Test used is Chi-Square.Results: Based on research that has been carried out, it was found that there was a relationship between diet (p=0.000 < α=0.05) and physical activity (p=0.001 < α=0.05) and the incidence of DM type 2.Conclusion: lifestyle relationship with the incidence of DM type 2. Nurses and nutritionists to pay more attention to diet and conduct diabetic gymnastics and for people with DM to control their diet and physical activity regularly.
MONTE CARLO NEUTRON DOSE MEASUREMENT IN PROTON THERAPY FOR HEALTHCARE WORKER RADIATION SAFETY Hadi Lesmana; Wahyu Setia Budi; Rasito Rasito; Pandji Triadyaksa
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.38660

Abstract

Background: Proton therapy is an innovative and highly advanced external radiation therapy modality for cancer treatment that uses positively charged atomic particles. The usage of proton therapy facilities in Asia has been increasing and will be followed by Indonesia in the short-coming years. In line with its significant benefits, the application of proton therapy also requires radiation protection awareness due to its higher energy used by protons produces scattered photon and neutron radiation in proton interactions. Therefore, optimal verification is needed in the commissioning process for designing proton therapy shielding bunkers. Objective: This research aims to examine the effect of concrete density on proton shielding by calculating the equivalent dose H*(10) of neutrons in the treatment control room (TCR) and the door of the compact proton therapy facility (CPTC) using Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) simulation software. Method: The proton facility modeled for this simulation uses a compact proton therapy type planned to be built at one of the radiotherapy facilities in Indonesia. The proton therapy bunker model consists of a synchrocyclotron accelerator room and an examination room with standard configurations, wall thicknesses, and modeling areas under compact proton therapy standards. The analysis is focused on assessing the suitability of concrete materials and wall thicknesses and determining the neutron exposure dose values in the TCR and CPTC doors. The geometry, radiation source, and type of concrete in the wall are simulated from a conservative assumption to a more realistic model. Result: At the designated points in the TCR and CPTC door, measurements are taken from the simulation, which indicates that the equivalent dose H*(10) value is below one mSv/year. Conclusion: This value indicates that the dose rate passing through the wall does not exceed the dose limit value already set at one mSv/year for the general public.
Bone Mineral Density and Vitamin D Status in Elderly Javanese Women Lusiana Batubara; Faizah Fulyani; Dwi Ngestiningsih; Hermina Sukmaningtyas; Ainun Rahmasari Gumay; Etisa Adi Murbawani; Enny Probosari
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.38663

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D (25OHD) works as a lipid-soluble secosteroid hormone essential for metabolic activities, including bone mineralization. 1,25OHD and its receptor are transcription factors for various bone homeostasis genes. Numerous studies have connected vitamin D insufficiency with a decline in bone mineral density (BMD), but the results are still conflicting. However, information on vitamin D insufficiency among Indonesian individuals is hardly available.Objective: The study aims to evaluate vitamin D levels and their correlation with BMD among Javanese elderly women.Methods: 75 healthy Javanese elderly women between 60 and 84 participated in a cross-sectional study. An enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for 25OHD was used to measure the level of serum vitamin D. DXA, or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, was used to measure BMD.Results: The study population's mean serum 25OHD level was 14.97±6.6ng/mL. We found that 73.3% were deficient in vitamin D, and 26.7% were not. There is no correlation between vitamin D and BMD L-spine, F-neck, or T-score (p=0.064, -0.215; p=0.443, -0.090; and p=0.109, -0.187, respectively). Lower BMD L-spine, F-neck and T-score were correlated with increased age (r = -0.238, p = 0.040; r = -0.377, p = 0.001; and r = -0.295, p = 0.010, respectively) and decreased BMI (r = 0.525, p = 0.000; r = 0.516, p = 0.000; and r = 0.520, p = 0.000, respectively).Conclusion: From this study, we concluded that vitamin D deficiency was prevalent among Javanese elderly women. However, the vitamin D level in this population and bone mineral density do not appear to be correlated.
THE RELATIONSHIP TETANUS SEVERITY WITH OUTCOME CLINIC Retnaningsih Retnaningsih; Hairu Zaman; Aris Catur Bintoro; Sofro Muchlis Achsan Udji
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.37672

Abstract

Introduction : Tetanus is an acute toxemia caused by a neurotoxin produced by C. tetani characterized by periodic and severe muscle stiffness and spasms. Prognostic assessment is the most important thing to see the risk of mortality. Score systems are often used by clinicians such as Phillips score (1967), Ablett classification (1967), Dakar score (1975).20 Methods: This study was an analytic study with a cross-sectional design in a population of tetanus patients treated from January 2019 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria in this study were patients who had complete medical records. Information was taken from medical record data, including demographics, incubation period, Port of entry, Ablett score, Phillips score, type of wound, autonomic symptoms, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, vaccination history, complications, ventilator use, antibiotic management, length of stay and output. patient clinical. To find out the relationship between variables using the Chi-square test. Results: The results of the analysis of the relationship between the degree of Phillips score and the outcome of tetanus patients after treatment obtained p = 0.038. The results of the analysis of the relationship between the degree of Ablett score and the outcome of tetanus patients after treatment obtained p = 0.007. The results of the analysis of the relationship between the use of breathing apparatus and the output of tetanus patients after treatment obtained p = 0.041. Discussion: There is a significant relationship between the degree of Phillips score and Ablett score with the patient's clinical outcome. There is a significant relationship between the use of breathing apparatus and the patient's clinical outcome.
Effects of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract on C-Reactive Protein and Serum Ferritin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis Model Rat Rezya Salsabela; Nyoman Suci Widyastiti; Dwi Retnoningrum; Ariosta Ariosta; Neni Susilaningsih
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.37645

Abstract

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin are acute-phase reactants that have demonstrated association with the severity of a variety of inflammation-mediated illnesses, including infection and sepsis. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf is traditionally used as an anti-inflammation and anti-bacterial herb. Sambiloto leaf extract possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, immuno-stimulatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activitiesObjective: To evaluate the effect of Sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata) on inflammation biomarker (CRP and serum ferritin) in a rat model of sepsis-induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Twenty five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups consisting of a healthy control (HC), Negative control (NC), Treatment 1 (T1) Sambiloto 200mg/kgBW, T2 Sambiloto 400mg/kgBW, T3 Sambiloto 500mg/kgBW). Sambiloto leaf extract was given on days 8-21 and LPS 5mg/kgBW was injected intraperitoneal on day 22. On the 25th day, blood was drawn and  CRP and serum ferritin levels were analyzed using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The mean CRP levels of HC, NC, T1, T2,T3 were 7.72 ± 2.53; 8.12 ± 1.08; 5.22 ± 1.71; 6.40 ± 1.19; 5.14 ± 1.37 ng/dl respectively. The mean serum ferritin level of HC, NC, T1, T2, T3 were 293.60 ± 66.53; 601.20 ± 100.17; 433.40 ± 194.65; 331.60 ± 75.97; 318.00 ± 69.64 ng/dl respectively. There were differences in CRP levels in groups T1(p=0.012) and T3(p=0.010), serum ferritin levels in groups T2(p=0.014) and T3(p=0.008) to the control group.Conclusion: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract  has anti-inflammatory effects in the rat model of sepsis.
Effect of Melinjo Seed Extract on GSH Levels of Hyperuricemic Wistar Rats Ardhana Fadhiilah; Endang Mahati; Noor Wijayahadi; Yora Nindita
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i3.37507

Abstract

Background: Hyperuricemia is a condition where uric acid levels are above normal. The biosynthesis of uric acid by the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) produces free radicals that cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress lowers cellular GSH levels. Gnetum gnemon L. or melinjo seeds contain stilbenoids and flavonoids that can act as natural XO inhibitors. Objective: To study the effect of melinjo seed extract on GSH levels.Methods: This research was a true experimental with pre and post-test controlled group design. Thirty six male wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups consisting of a healthy control (KS), negative control (K1), positive control (K2), treatment 1 (P1) extract 250 mg/kgBW, treatment 2 (P2) extract 500 mg/kgBW, treatment 3 (P3) extract 2000 mg/kgBW. Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of Maggie® block broth and potassium oxonate. Measurement was carried out on the 21st and 35th day of treatment, then analyzed using Paired-Sample T Test, continued with One-Way Anova test and Post Hoc LSD test. Results: Administration of melinjo seed extract at P1, P2, and P3 significantly increased GSH levels (P<0.05) from 1.23±0.10 to 1.55±0.16; 1.22±0.06 to 1.73±0.16; and 1.21±0.08 to 1.88±0.08. There was significant difference between the three doses with a dose of 250 mg/kgBW melinjo seed extract being more effective than allopurinol 90 mg/kgBW. Conclusion: Melinjo seed extract could increase GSH levels with the most effective dose of 250 mg/kgBB.

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