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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 13 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana" : 13 Documents clear

The cytotoxic activities of the ethyl acetate and butanol crude extracts of marine cyanobacteria collected from Udar Island, Malaysia Annisa Krisridwany; Tatsufumi Okino
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The ocean is abundant in organisms beneficial to living beings, including cyanobacteria that are widely studied for their bioactive compounds. This research was conducted to observe the compounds and concomitant cytotoxic activities of cyanobacteria in Udar Island waters, Sabah, Malaysia, against cancer cells. The samples were identified by the 16S DNA method, and a phylogenetic tree was built to check similarities in the genus. The samples were extracted using ethyl acetate and butanol. Afterward, the compounds were determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS), while the cytotoxicity activities were examined by the MTT assay. Several known compounds in ethyl acetate crude extract, such as several types of Apratoxins, and possible new compounds were observed. The compounds examined were mainly peptide. The crude ethyl acetate extracts of Moorea sp. in Udar Island waters were found to contain cytotoxic compounds, with the IC50 value of 0.072 Âµg/mL against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, that were more potent compared to the butanol crude extract, whose IC50 was 2.031 Âµg/mL. Further isolation and cytotoxic tests are necessary to confirm which compounds are responsible as cytotoxic agents. This finding provides an opportunity for the discovery of anticancer compounds from marine cyanobacteria.

The gastroprotective effects of arrowroot tuber starch (Maranta arundinacea L.) on ethanol-induced gastric damages in rats Vella Lailli; Moch Saiful Bachri; Wahyu Widyaningsih
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Empirically, arrowroot tubers (Maranta arundinacea L.) have been widely used in the treatment of gastric ulcers. They are known to contain carbohydrates and flavonoids that play a role in reducing inflammation. This study sought to identify the gastroprotective effects of arrowroot tuber starch (Maranta arundinacea L.) on the ulcer index, % protection ratio, and the histopathological image of Wistar rat models of gastric ulcers. The test animals were divided into six groups. Group I was given free access to food and water (normal control), while Group II was given ethanol without treatment (negative control). Groups III, IV, and V were treated with arrowroot tuber starch at the doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW, respectively. Group VI was given sucralfate at the dose of 400 mg/kg BW (positive control). All treatments were administered orally for 14 days and followed by 24 hours of fasting. On Day 15, all groups, except for the normal control, were given 96% ethanol orally at the dose of 1 ml/200gr BW. After one hour, they were dissected, and their stomach was removed for further analyses. The results showed that the administrations of arrowroot tuber starch at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW produced ulcer indices of 2, 1.25, and 1.5, respectively, smaller than the negative control (4.25), and % protection ratios higher than the positive control. The histopathological imaging showed that the stomach of rats receiving arrowroot tuber starch at 250 mg/kg BW presented no pathological changes. Based on these findings, the arrowroot tuber starch is proven to have the ability as a gastroprotective agent.

The development of antioxidant peel-off facial masks from cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) Sani Ega Priani; Restianti Mutiara; Dina Mulyanti
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) contains cinnamaldehyde and other active substances with potent antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are effective at preventing and reducing UV-induced skin damages and skin aging. This study was intended to formulate and characterize the antioxidant peel-off facial masks containing cinnamon bark extract and the combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as gelling agents. The ethanol extract of cinnamon bark and the developed peel-off mask were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by the Î±,Î±-diphenyl-Î²-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and for their physical characteristics. The cinnamon bark extract exhibited a very strong antioxidant activity, as evidenced by IC50= 10.04 Â± 0.08 ppm. As for the formulated peel-off mask, it had excellent physical characteristics, which were identified during organoleptic observations and pH, viscosity, spreadability, and film drying time evaluations. Similar to its constituent extract, this mask produced significantly potent antioxidant effects, with IC50= 47.31 Â± 1.47 ppm. For these reasons, peel-off facial masks containing cinnamon bark extract have not only excellent physical characteristics but also powerful antioxidant properties.

Effects of modified brief counseling-5A on illness perception, compliance with medication, and fasting blood sugar levels of diabetes mellitus patients Neni Probosiwi; Akrom Akrom; Titiek Hidayati; Ginandjar Zukhruf Saputri
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease with persistently increasing prevalence. When patients lack knowledge of their illness and compliance with oral drug therapy, it can lead to treatment failure. This study aims to determine the effect of counseling on disease perception and medication adherence for patients with diabetes mellitus. This prospective observational cohort study aimed to determine the effects of counseling on illness perception and adherence to medication among patients with diabetes mellitus. A sample of 72 patients was selected by consecutive sampling technique and, then, evenly divided into two, namely counseling group and non-counseling group. The data were collected prospectively through observation, interview, brief counseling with the 5A strategies, and questionnaire survey. The result show that counseling had a significant effect on illness perception (p=0.000). Counseling had a significant effect on adherence to medication (p=0.027). Counseling had a significant effect on lowered blood sugar levels (p=0.028). Conclusion: counseling is believed to be able to reduce patientsâ€™ negative perceptions of diabetes mellitus and, consequently, increase adherence to oral drug consumption.Â

P53 expression in ischemic rat models after the administration of ketamine and ketamine-xylazine Ety Sari Handayani; Zainuri Sabta Nugraha; Kuswati Kuswati; Muhammad Yusuf Hisyam; Untung Widodo; Nurul Hidayah; Sahdella Sahdella; Wimpy Wimpy
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Ketamine and ketamine-xylazine are often used as anesthetic drugs in animal models of ischemia. However, their neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects in ischemic animal models that have undergone tBCCAO are still under debate. The protein p53 is a pro-apoptotic factor involved in the cellular mechanism of ischemia. The interaction between death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK 1) and p53 is fundamental in determining whether cells experience necrosis or apoptosis in an ischemic stroke. This study was purposed to identify the presence or absence of differences between the p53 expressions in the brains of tBCCAO-induced ischemic rat models after the administration of ketamine and ketamine-xylazine. It employed a post-test control group design with four groups of adult male Wistar rats as the subject: (1) sham group operated with ketamine, (2) sham group operated with ketamine-xylazine, (3) models of tBCCAO-induced ischemia with ketamine, and (4) models of tBCCAO-induced ischemia with ketamine-xylazine. Ketamine was administered at the dose of 75mg/kg BW, while xylazine was at 8 mg/kg BW. The expression of p53 in rat brains was assessed by semi-quantification, specifically IHC staining with anti-p53 antibodies. P53 expression appeared as brownish stains in the cytoplasm of forebrain pyramidal neurons, and in this study, it was measured using the Allred score. The ANOVA test yielded a p-value of >0.05, implying the absence of difference between the p53 expressions in the brains of tBCCAO-induced ischemic rat models receiving ketamine and ketamine-xylazine.

The effects of fresh leaf-to-water ratio and heating time on the antifungal and antioxidant activities of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) extract Sartini Sartini; Nurdiah Khaerawati; Rezky Amalia Kamril; Novi Febriani
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

More than half of the Indonesian people use herbal medicines to maintain their health, including ones that are served immediately after preparation or also known as jamu gendong. This plant-based medicine is prepared traditionally by boiling using different ratios of leaves to water and heating time. The study was designed to determine the heating time and the fresh leaf-to-water ratio that exhibited the highest antioxidant and antifungal activities against Candida albicans. Fresh betel leaves were extracted by boiling and infusion methods, with the ratio of 1:5 and 1:10 and the heating time of 5 and 10 minutes for boiling and 15 minutes for infusion. The excess water in the resulting extract was removed using a freeze dryer, then the total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, the antioxidant and antifungal activities were tested by the DPPH method and microdilution, respectively. The results showed that betel leaf extract with the highest yield and polyphenol content was obtained by infusion with the sample-to-water ratio of 1:10, and this was positively correlated with antioxidant activity against DPPH (IC50= 17.4 ppm) and antifungal effect against Candida albicans (MIC= 0.5%).Â

The ethanol extract of the bastard cedar (Guazuma ulmifolia L.) as antioxidants Sijani Prahastuti; Meilinah Hidayat; Stella Tinia Hasiana; Wahyu Widowati; Wahyu Setia Widodo; Rr. Anisa Siwianti Handayani; Rizal Rizal; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Guazuma ulmifolia, or commonly known as the bastard cedar, has many pharmaceutical activities and is, therefore, claimed as a source of various plant-based medicines. This reserach was purposed to identify the antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of G. ulmifolia (EEGU) by phytochemical screening assay, total flavonoid and total phenolic testing, and comparative analysis between the antioxidant activities of EEGU and epicatechin. The qualitative phytochemical screening assay of EEGU detected the availability of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids, but not saponins and triterpenoids. Meanwhile, the total phenolic content was 32.24 Âµg GAE/mg extract, and the total flavonoid content decided using aluminum chloride reagent with quercetin standard, was 6.48 Âµg QE/mg extract. The role of antioxidants examined by FRAP, DPPH, H2O2, and ABTS assays. These assay are proved that the IC50 values of EEGU are higher than those of epicatechin. For DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, and ABTS reduction activities, EEGU resulted IC50Â 45.70 Î¼g/mL, 162.93 Î¼g/mL, and 35.96 Î¼g/mL, while epicatechin only yielded IC50Â 0.56 Î¼g/mL, 57.91 Î¼g/mL, and 16.74 Î¼g/mL respectively. Otherwise, the highest reduction in FRAP activities were shown at Â 50 Î¼g/mL concentration Â of epicatechin and EEGU were 236.33 and 202.71 ÂµM Fe (II)/Âµg respectively. Based on these results, EEGU is concluded as an active natural product because it exhibit antioxidant activities.

Active antimicrobial substances of cherry leaf extracts (Muntingia calabura L.) against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) based on GC-MS analysis Nanik Sulistyani; Mika Triza Misba; Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the bacteria that triggers nosocomial diseases. Bacterial resistance requires continuous exploration of active antimicrobial substances from various sources, including medicinal plants. Leaves of cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) reportedly contain three classes of compounds, namely, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. This research was designed to identify active antimicrobial substances in cherry leaves that could inhibit the growth of MRSA. It employed the Kirby-Bauer test to examine the antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Muntingia calabura L. (EMC) against MRSA. Through GC-MS, active substances were detected from the presence of active spots on TLC plates, as determined by direct-contact bioautography. The TLC used silica gel F254 as the stationary phase and chloroform:ethyl acetate (9:1) as the mobile phase. The antimicrobial activity test results showed that the zone of inhibition of 10% w/v EMC was 10.91Â±0.75 mm in diameter. At 5% w/v and 2.5% w/v, EMC created zones of inhibition with diameters of 8.5Â±0.25 mm and 7.25Â±0.25 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, at 1.25% w/v, it showed no inhibitory activities. Based on the TLC-Bioautography profile, the active spot that produced zones of inhibition was located at Rf 0.04 mm. The GC-MS analysis of this spot detected the presence of two compounds: the first compound had a similarity index of 35% with 3,11,13-triacetycynaratriol, and the second one had a similarity index of 80% with hexaborane-12. Cynaratriol is known to posses antimicrobial activity, whereas hexaborane is the opposite. In conclusion, the minimum inhibitory concentration of EMC for MRSA is 2.5% w/v. Also, the active compounds of EMC bear 35% similarities to 3,11,13-triacetycynaratriol.

Validation methods for evaluation of ceiba honeyâ€™s growth inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 Nuzul Wahyuning Diyah; Laili Irfanah; Isnaeni Isnaeni
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Agar diffusion and turbidimetry were commonly used to evaluation ofÂ Â antibacterial activity of honey. However, there is no report about which one of these two methods is better. This study attempts to validate the agar diffusion method and turbidimetry used for growth inhibitory assay of ceiba honey against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 based on validation parameters including Limit of Detection (LOD), linearity, precision, and selectivity. The samples were ceiba honey aqueous solutions in concentration 20%-100%. It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of agar diffusion and turbidimetric methods were 35% and 30% respectively, considered as LOD. In agar diffusion method,Â plot of inhibitory zone diameter against log of honey concentration yields linear regression equation with r = 0.9804 and Vx0=1.06%, whileÂ rÂ andÂ Vx0of linear plot fromÂ %Â transmittanceÂ againstÂ log concentration inÂ the turbidimetric method were 0.9748 and 1.24% respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) in agar diffusion method were 1.78% for repeatability and 3.13% for intermediate precision) whereas CV in turbidimetric were 3.64% and 4.05% respectively. Agar diffusion and turbidimetric methods were selective because different source of ceiba honey could give different response in term of MIC. It can be concluded that the agar diffusion and turbidimetric method were valid and suitable for growth inhibitory assay of ceiba honey against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and there was no significant differences between these methods. The turbidimetry was more sensitive than the agar diffusion method because of its lower LOD and it has more simple experimental technique.

Cost-Effectiveness analisys on the implementation of clinical pathway of pediatric treatment for dengue hemorrhagic fever in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta Riana Prastiwi Handayani; Dyah Ariyani Perwitasari; Didik Setiawan; Auliya Abdurrohim Suwantika
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a concerning world problem especially in Indonesia. This problem particularly deals with therapeutic management of hospitalized children requiring DHF treatment. The current practice of therapeutic management is not in accordance with the standard therapeutic management, which increases the treatment cost. On this account, the application of a clinical pathway is expected to minimize the treatment cost and reduce the length of stay (LoS). However, prior to its the application, it is necessary to analyze the cost effectiveness of the implementation of clinical pathway on pediatric DHF treatment in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Yogyakarta. A retrospective cohort study and cost-effectiveness analysis were applied in this study by considering hospitalâ€™s (provider) perspective. Two groups (conform to clinical pathway and not conform to clinical pathway group) were involved in this study. Data of direct medical costs of pediatric DHF treatment, which were suitable with clinical pathways and LoS during 2016-2017 period, were collected in this study. The Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) between both groups and the Risk Ratio (RR) were calculated as the outcome. Â The result confirmed that from 200 patients involved, the treatments of 138 patients (69 %) and 62 patients (31%) were included in the conformed to clinical pathway and not conformed to clinical pathway groups, respectively, with p value of 0,000 and RR of 1,58. The average costs were calculated to be Rp 1.144.024 + Rp 556.372 and Rp 1.989.723 + Rp 1.296.899 for conformity to clinical pathway and non-conformity to clinical pathway groups, respectively. The ICER was calculated to be Rp 826.917. In conclusion, the implementation of clinical pathway on pediatric DHF treatment in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Yogyakarta could reduce LoS and the possibility of having a shorter LoS of up to 1.58 times, it can save cost of Rp 919.238 per one-day reduction in LoS.

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Home Page

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Editorial Team

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Contact Name Muhammad Syahrir

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Journal Mail Official nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA