Gede Wijana
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Identifikasi Variabilitas Genetik Wani Bali (Mangifera caesia Jack.) dengan Analisis Penanda RAPD Rai, I Nyoman; Wijana, G; Semarajaya, C G A
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Wani Bali (Mangifera caesia Jack.) merupakan salah satu tanaman buah-buahan tropika tergolong kerabat mangga. Citarasa Wani Bali disukai konsumen karena daging buahnya memiliki aroma khas, rasanya manis, enak, dan daging buahnya tebal. Terdapat banyak kultivar Wani Bali dengan sifat spesifik buahnya masing-masing, tetapi secara genetik belum diketahui variabilitasnya. Penelitian ini betujuan mengidentifikasi variabilitas genetik Wani Bali dengan analisis penanda random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Februari sampai Desember 2006, berlokasi di seluruh sentra produksi Wani Bali di Bali. Pelaksanaan terdiri atas 3 tahap, yaitu (1) survei kultivar dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi karakter daun, bunga, dan buah, (2) pengumpulan sampel untuk analisis RAPD (biji dari kultivar yang telah diidentifikasi ditanam dalam polibag di rumah plastik, setelah bibit berumur 6 bulan, 5-6 lembar daunnya dipanen untuk sampel), dan (3) analisis penanda RAPD, dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomolekuler dan Immunologi, Unit Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan, Bogor. Berdasarkan karakter buahnya (bentuk, rasa, ukuran, dan warna kulit) teridentifikasi 22 kultivar Wani Bali, tetapi kultivar-kultivar tersebut tidak dapat dibedakan satu dengan yang lainnya berdasarkan habitus pohon, sifat percabangan, serta karakter daun dan bunga. Variabilitas genetik Wani Bali dianalisis dengan RAPD dengan keanekaragaman mencapai 43% terdiri atas 3 kelompok. Satu-satunya kultivar yang secara genetik sangat berbeda dengan yang lainnya adalah Wani Bali Ngumpen (kultivar tanpa biji) ditemukan di Desa Bebetin, Kabupaten Buleleng. Kultivar-kultivar yang berasal dari kabupaten yang sama dan atau pada 2 kabupaten yang berdekatan mengelompok pada kelompok yang sama, kecuali Wani Bali Ngumpen asal Desa Bebetin, Buleleng.ABSTRACT. Rai, I.N., G. Wijana, and C. G. A. Semarajaya. 2008. Identification of Genetic Variability of Wani Bali (Mangifera caesia Jack.) Using RAPD Analysis Marker. Wani Bali is one of tropical fruit which belongs to genus mangifera. Consumer prefers the fruit due to the specific flavor, sweet and delicious taste, and the thickness of edible pulp. There are many cultivars of Wani Bali with specific character. However, genetic variability has not been specified. The research was aimed to identify the genetic variability by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker. The research was conducted from February to December 2006, located at centrals of Wani Bali in Bali. It consisted of 3 steps (1) surveying of cultivars and identification of their leaf, flower, and fruit characters, (2) collecting sample for RAPD analysis (seed of identified cultivars grown in polybag at plastichouse and after 6 months seedling, 5-6 leaves were collected as sample), and (3) analyzing RAPD, which was conducted at Biomolecular and Immunology Laboratory, Research Unit of Plantation Biotechnology, Bogor. The results revealed that according to the fruit character (shape, taste, size, and skin color of fruit) had been identified 22 cultivars, but among cultivars could not be specified by plant shape, branch type, leaf and flower characters. There are 3 groups at 43% variability according to genetic variability of Wani Bali which was analyzed by RAPD. The sole cultivar genetically significantly different among the cultivars is Wani Bali Ngumpen (seedles cultivar) from Bebetin, Buleleng District. The cultivars that were planted at the same regency and/or at 2 neighbouring regencies genetically were clustered in 1 group, excluding Wani Bali Ngumpen from Bebetin, Buleleng District.
Identifikasi dan Telaah Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Genetik Buah-buahan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Integrasi Pertanian dan Pariwisata di Bali I Nyoman Rai; Gede Wijana; I Putu Sudana; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; C. G. A. Semarajaya; Ni Komang Alit Astiari
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

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ABSTRACTThe rapid growth of tourism in Bali raises new issues i.e. the decline of the agricultural sector. A model of development of integration of agriculture and tourism is required to avoid further imbalance in the development of tourism and agriculture. The objective of this study was to identify and study utilization of genetic resources of local fruits in order to improve agricultural and tourism integration. The research was conducted from March to December 2015 throughout regencies in Bali, using survey method to identify the species and sub-species of local fruits, its utilization, harvest time, and superior fruits of each regency. Definition of local fruit in this study is all species and sub-species of fruit plant found in Bali, either cultivated or wild. The results showed that there were 41 species with 149 sub-species of local fruits identified. Availability of local fruits was generally still seasonal. The harvest season was dominant from December to March. Fruits were used for local consumption, exports, inter island trade, and material for rituals and culture and for tourism market. Utilization of local fruit for tourism was still limited, i.e for fresh fruit consumption (snake fruit, wani, banana, mango, orange, papaya, water melon, melon and mangosteen), for juice (passion fruit, manggo, melon, water melon, guava, strawberry, wani); raw material for wine (snake fruit, grape), raw material for massage/Spa (lemon, pineapple, avocado, papaya, strawberry, star fruit), and for agrotourism object (strawberry, snake fruit, orange and mangosteen). We suggested that effort was required to increase the utilization of local fruits for tourism activities so that it increased the welfare of the farming community in Bali.Keyword: genetic resources, local fruit, integration, agriculture, tourismABSTRAKPesatnya perkembangan pariwisata di Bali memunculkan masalah baru yaitu semakin terdesaknya sektor pertanian. Untuk menghindari semakin tidak seimbangnya antara sektorpariwisata dan pertanian dikembangkanlah model pembangunan pertanian terintegrasi dengan pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan identifikasi dan telaah pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik buah-buahan lokal untuk meningkatkan integrasi pertanian dan pariwisata. Penelitian dilakukan dari Maret sampai Desember 2015 di seluruh kabupaten di Bali, menggunakan metode survei untuk mengidentifikasi spesies dan sub-spesies sumber daya genetik buah-buahan lokal, pemanfaatannya, musim panen, dan buah unggulan kabupaten. Batasan buah lokal dalam penelitian ini adalah semua spesies dan sub-spesies buah-buahan yang ada di Bali, baik dibudidayakan atau liar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teridentifikasi sebanyak 41 spesies dan 149 sub-spesies buahbuahan lokal. Lokasi tumbuhnya sebagian besar tersebar hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Bali seperti jeruk Bali, salak, pisang, wani, mangga, manggis, durian, jambu biji, dan nangka, tetapi adayang hanya dibudidayakan atau tumbuh pada lokasi spesifik tertentu seperti stroberi, kawista, anggur, leci, dan mundu. Ketersediaan buah umumnya masih bersifat musiman, dengan musim panen dominan dari Desember sampai Maret. Produksi buah-buahan lokal Bali dimanfaatkan untuk konsumsi lokal, komoditas ekspor, perdagangan antar pulau, keperluan ritual adat dan budaya, dan pasar pariwisata. Pemanfaatan untuk pariwisata masih relatif terbatas, meliputi: (1) hasil buah untukkonsumsi segar (fresh fruit) seperti salak, wani, pisang, mangga, jeruk, pepaya, semangka, melon dan manggis; (2) hasil buah untuk bahan juice (markisa, mangga, melon, semangka, stroberi, wani); (3) hasil buah untuk bahan wine (salak, anggur), (4) bagian buah, daun, atau bagian lainnya untuk massage/spa (jeruk lemon, nenas, avokad, pepaya, stroberi, belimbing wuluh); dan (5) kebun buah untuk agrowisata (stroberi, salak, jeruk, dan manggis). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini perlu ada upaya nyata meningkatkan pemanfaatan buah-buahan lokal untuk pariwisata agar kesejahteraan petani buah-buahan semakin meningkat.Kata kunci: buah lokal, integrasi, pariwisata, pertanian, sumber daya genetik
PHENOTYPIC, GENOTYPIC CHARACTERS AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SEEDLESS WANI (Mangivera caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali) (A Review) I Nyoman Rai; Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya; Gede Wijana; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; Ngurah Gede Astawa; Ni Komang Alit Astiari
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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The diversity of Mangivera caesia Jack (Balinese name: wani) in Bali was quite high. Based on the morphological characters of the fruit, 22 cultivars had been explored in the previous research (Rai et al., 2008). One of the most superior cultivar among those and very potential to be commercially developed was seedless wani (M. caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali). The cultivar had specific properties that were not possessed by the others. Ninety (90) % of the total fruits produced were seedless, while the remaining (10%) has small seed. Beside that, this seedless cultivar had thick flesh, very attractive skin color (glossy yellowish green), uniformity on the size and shape of fruits, a distinctive aroma, sweet, tasty, and highly nutritious. The results of RAPD analysis of 10 wani cultivars grown in Bali showed that this seedless cultivar (Ngumpen) was grouped in to different cluster, a part from others. In comparison with 4 seeded cultivars of wani, Ngumpen cultivar had a similar nutrient content, however, it had greater fiber and a greater percentage of edible part. We concluded that the Ngumpen cultivar was a specific and unique germplasm so that should be preserved and protected.
PELATIHAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI IRIGASI TETES SEDERHANA UNTUK MEMPRODUKSI BUAH SALAK GULA PASIR DI LUAR MUSIM IN RAI; IW WIRAATMAJA; CGA SEMARAJAYA; ING ASTAWA; IM SUKEWIJAYA; N ARI MAYADEWI; G WIJANA
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 14 No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

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Natural flowering of “Salak Gula Pasir” occures once every three months or 4 times a year, however, only oneto two of flower season succeeds to become fruit. Failure fruit-set causes the fruit harvest seasonally; partly due tothe internal water content of leaf is low. The situation is not favorable in terms of agribusiness because productionquantities accumulate only during the harvest time (on-season). Off-season flowering technology of “Salak GulaPasir” by simple dripping irrigation has been founded, gardeners, however have not yet recognised. The aim ofthis community service is to introduce that technology by means of training to the gardeners. The participantsattended the training seriously because the subject was really expected by them. After training, participants wereconvinced that they can do how to make off-season production of “Salak Gula Pasir”, moreover they expect thelocal government would provide rainwater harvesting and the required dripping irrigation installations.Keywords: salak Gula Pasir, drip, irrigation, off-season, training.
TEKNIK STERILISASI DAN EFEKTIVITAS 2,4-D TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KALUS EKSPLAN DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth) IN VITRO Yuyun Fitriani; Gede Wijana; Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati
Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology Vol 8 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology

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Patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produce essential oil which is called patchouli oil. Indonesia is the largest supplier of patchouli oil in the world market, which contribute about 90%. Advantage of patchouli oil in the perfume industry is a fixative property, it has the ability to bind with other oils therefore the scent can last for long time and has yet to be made synthetically. However, it takes very long time to produce essential oils in the conventional production system, becouse the growth of patchouli plant is relative slow. One alternative to produce the raw material or patchouli plant faster is through the tissue culture. The sterilization technique and the growth regulator are main factor in tissue culture. Therefore the purpose of this study was to find a sterilization technique, as wel as the concentration of growth regulators 2,4-D (2,4diclorophenoxy acetic acid) in MS + coconut water medium. Sterilization with HgCl2 mercury chloride) at concentration 0.1% for 10 min was the best method of sterilization to minimize contamination. Plant growth regulators 2,4-D at concentration 0.5 ppm was found very affectivein accelerating the formation of patchouli leaf callus in vitro. The callus formation occured retatively fast (9.67 days) with cream-colour, crumb texture, and with diameter 1.21 cm. The fresh and dry weight of callus were 1.35 g and 0.76 g respectively.
Pengaruh Sumber Bonggol dan Media Tanam pada Pembibitan Tanaman Pisang Kayu (Musa paradisiaca L.cv.Kayu) I KOMANG AGUS SUPRIANA; GEDE WIJANA; I GUSTI NGURAH RAKA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.2, April 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT Influence of excrescence type and planting media on the seeding of banana Kayu plant (Musa paradisiaca L. cv This research aims to obtain the treatment interaction of the best excrescence type and planting media on the seeding of banana Kayu plant. The research was conducted on April until July 2014, using Random Design Factorial Group with 3 repetitions. The first factor is the type of excrescence (sword seedling excrescence, mature seedling excrescence, and fruitful excrescence), meanwhile the second factor is the planting media of soil + sand + charcoal chaff (v:v:v = 2:1:1); soil + sand + compost (2:1:1); soil + sand + charcoal chaff + compost (2:1:0.5:0.5). Banana excrescence was taken from the healthy plant, then it was split and soaked in the Biota L solution for 1 hour. The excrescence is planted on polybag with planting media according to the treatment, and located under the shelter of paranet 75%. The result of research showed that (1) There was an interaction between the treatment of excrescence type and planting media toward the period of bud emergence, the fastest (6.6 Day after Planting) was showed in the treatment combination of mature seedling excrescence which being planted on the media of soil + sand + compost (2:1:1); (2) The use of sword seedling excrescence resulted in the height of bud, trunk circumference, amount of leaves, and the best leaf area; (3) The planting media of soil + sand + charcoal chaff (2:1:1) resulted in the height of bud, trunk circumference, amount of leaves, and the best leaf area. Keywords: Seedling of Banana Kayu, Banana excrescence, Planting media.
Kajian Potensi Bakteri Lumpur Lapindo sebagai Agens Hayati terhadap Pyricularia oryzae dan Agens Biostimulan pada Tanaman Padi ROYAN PRACAHYO; KHAMDAN KHALIMI; GEDE WIJANA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.3, No.4, Oktober 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT The Study of Potential of Lapindo Mud Bacteria as Natural Agent Pyricularia oryzae and Biostimulant agent on Rice Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food of more than 60% of the world’s population. One of the cause for the low productivity of rice in indonesia is the occurrences of rice blast disease caused by Pycularia oryzae . This study was done to evaluate the potential use of  bacteria isolated from Lapindo mud as bio-control  agents  against  P. oryzae and bio-stimulant agents in rice plant. The result showed that three isolate of  bacteria isolated from Lapindo mud namely AA1, 20M14, and ZB11 significantly (P<0,05) inhibited the growth of  P. oryzae on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium with  inhibitory  activity  varied  85,07%, 86,58%, and 70,82%. Ten isolates of  bacterial  isolated from Lapindo mud significantly improved the growth of rice seedling. In which the plant heigth, number of root, content of chlorophyll in the leaf, number of  lateral  root  length of root, and the fresh and dry weight of plant significantly (P<0,05) higher on treated plant when compared to control. This is result suggested that three isolates of bacteria isolate from Lapindo mud can be further developed as bio-control agents to inhibit the P. oryzae growth and ten isolates of bacteria isolated from Lapindo mud can be used as bio-stimulan agents.   Key words: lapindo mud bacteria, Pyricularia oryzae, rice
Aplikasi Jenis Pupuk Organik pada Tanaman Padi Sistem Pertanian Organik I NYOMAN YOGI SUPARTHA; GEDE WIJANA; GEDE MENAKA ADNYANA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol. 1, No. 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT Application Types of Organic Fertilizer for Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Organic Farming Systems Rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) is a plant food as an energy source that is generally consumed by the people of Indonesia. Nearly half the world's population, especially in Asia dependent of the rice plant. Once the importance of rice that could lead to crop failures widespread social unrest. One of the efforts to increase the productivity of rice plants is to replenish nutrient needs through fertilization. This experiment aims to find the best combination between solid organic fertilizer with liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice plants. The results showed that the combination treatment of solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer does not significantly affect plant growth variables, but the real influence the outcome of the rice plant. The addition of liquid organic fertilizer in rice planting organic system able to increase the yield of dry grain yields of 4.4% - 17.4%. Results of dry grain harvests and grain yield obtained at the highest oven dry fertilizer additions AA-01 (5.07 tonnes / ha dry grain harvest, and 3.94 tonnes / ha oven dried grain). Suggestions can be thought of, in organic rice farming system suggested combining solid fertilizer with liquid fertilizer, so that the growth and yield can be improved, and the need to study solid organic fertilizers and other liquid organic fertilizer in order to obtain higher yields Keyword: organic fertilizer, growth and yields, organic farming systems
Pengaruh Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Pisang Cavendish (Musa cavendishii Lamb.) Asal Kultur Jaringan PAULA TIBURSIANA LOLI TENTI; GEDE WIJANA; NI LUH MADE PRADNYAWATHI
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.11, No.1, Januari 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Effect of Planting Media on Growth of Cavendish Banana Seedlings (Musa Cavendishii Lamb.) from Tissue Culture Good quality planting media is needed in plant cultivation. By obtaining the right planting media can support and increase the growth and yield of plants. This study aims to determine the effect of planting media on the growth of Cavendish banana seedlings from tissue culture and to find the best growing media for Cavendish banana seedlings from tissue culture. The research was carried out from December 2019-March 2020 at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Jalan Pulau Moyo, Pedungan, South Denpasar District, Denpasar City. The study used a single factor randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments, namely soil, soil + rice husk, soil + husk charcoal and soil + rice husk + husk charcoal. The results showed that the planting medium had a very significant effect on the number of leaves variable, had a significant effect on root length and had no significant effect on seedling height, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll, leaf area, number of roots, root fresh weight, crown fresh weight and total fresh weight. seeds. The best planting media mix for the growth of banana seedlings was a mixture of soil + rice husk + husk charcoal planting media with a higher value than soil planting media as control, soil + rice husk and soil + husk charcoal.
Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pupuk Nitrogen Sebagai Substitusi Top Soil terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) PeriodePre Nursery YOSEPH SITIO; GEDE WIJANA; I GUSTI NGURAH RAKA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.4, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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ABSTRACT The Utilization of Oil Palm Empty Bunches and Nitrogen Fertilizer as Substitution of Top Soil on Growth of Oil Palm Seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Pre Nursery Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the leading commodity in Indonesia, Indonesia can produce 23.900 ton or 40,27% of the total world production palm oil. To increase the production of palm oil so it’s necessary to the expansion of oil palm plantations. Media used for oil palm seedling is top soil, difficulty to get top soil it’s because it’s used continuously or eroded due to erosion so the availability of top soil is limited. Therefore, needed alternative to substitusion of top soil as a media of oil palm seedling. The purpose of this research was to know potential of compost oil palm empty bunches (TTKS) and nitrogen fertilizer as substitution of top soil on growth of oil palm seedling in pre nursery. This research used randomized complete block design with 2 factors. The first factors is media with top soil + sub soil + sand (3:1:1), TKKS compost + sub soil + sand 3:1:1, 1:3:1, 2:2:1, 2:1:2, 1:2:2 and the second factors is doses nitrogen fertilizer (urea 46%) with 0 g urea/pot, 2 g urea/pot and 4 gurea/pot.The research result showed that media TKKS compost + sub soil + sand 2:2:1 and 3:1:1 can substitution top soil because it has a value that is greater than or equal to the observed variable with controls. The application of nitrogen 4 gurea/seed showed the maximal growth of oil palm seedling in pre nursery.  The interaction of the both treatment just significant to plant height 4 and 12 weeks after planting, leaf area 4 weeks, steam diameter and leaf  number 8 weeks,  fresh weight of  crown 12 weeks. Composition of TKKS compost + sub soil + sand 3:1:1 + 4 g urea/pot is the best composition as a substitution of top soil because the value of  parameters plant height, leaf number, total chorophyll, fresh weight of crown, fresh weight total and dry weight total are greater than or equal to top soil. Keyword : TKKS compost and Nitrogen, substitution top soil, pre nursery