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All Journal Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science AGRITROP International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Buletin Udayana Mengabdi E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi Jurnal Hortikultura Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal Journal of a Sustainable Global South Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH) AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Nandur
I WAYAN WIRAATMAJA
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Udayana
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Studi Fenofisiologi Pembungaan Salak Gula Pasir sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kegagalan Fruit-Set Rai, I Nengah; Semarajaya, CGA; Wiraatmaja, I Wayan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Salak Gula Pasir secara alamiah berbunga setiap 3 bulan sekali atau empat kali setahun, tetapi dariempat kali musim pembungaan, hanya satu sampai dua musim pembungaan saja yang menghasilkan buah. Kegagalanfruit-set menyebabkan panen buah salak Gula Pasir bersifat musiman. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari fenofisiologipembungaan salak Gula Pasir untuk mengatasi kegagalan fruit-set dan memproduksi buah di luar musim. Penelitianmenggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan satu faktor perlakuan dan 20 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah musimpembungaan terdiri atas tiga taraf, yaitu musim pembungaan sela I (April), musim pembungaan gadu (Juli), dan musimpembungaan sela II (Oktober). Penelitian dilakukan di kebun salak Gula Pasir milik petani di Desa Sibetan, KecamatanBebandem, Kabupaten Karangasem, mulai bulan Maret sampai November 2009. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadappertumbuhan bunga dan buah, iklim mikro, kandungan N, P, dan K jaringan daun, dan kandungan N, P, dan K tanah.Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam sesuai dengan rancangan yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwatanaman salak Gula Pasir yang diteliti dapat berbunga dengan baik pada sela I, gadu, dan sela II, tetapi persentasefruit-set pada gadu sangat rendah (20,53%) atau persentase bunga gugur sangat tinggi (79,47%). Tingginya persentasebunga gugur pada gadu berhubungan dengan kondisi iklim yang kurang mendukung, karena rendahnya intensitascurah hujan dan jumlah hari hujan, sehingga tanaman kekurangan air, yang ditunjukkan oleh rendahnya kandunganair relatif pada daun. Pembuahan salak Gula Pasir di luar musim dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi persentasebuah gugur melalui pemberian air irigasi sebagai pengganti rendahnya curah hujan dan hari hujan.ABSTRACT. Rai, I. N., C.G.A. Semarajaya, and I. W. Wiraatmaja. 2010. A Study on the FloweringPhenophysiology of Gula Pasir Snake Fruit to Prevent Failure of Fruit-set. Flowering of Gula Pasir snake fruitnaturally occures once every 3 months or four times a year, but only one to two of flowering seasons succeeds toproduce fruit. Fruit-set failure causes the fruit harvest seasonally occurs. This research was aimed to study Floweringphenophysiology of Gula Pasir snake fruit to prevent failure fruit-set and to produce off-season fruit. A randomizedcomplete design with one treatment factor and 20 replications was used in the research. The treatment was floweringseason consisted of three levels i.e. sela I (April), gadu (July), and sela II (October). The research was conductedat a farmer’s snake fruit orchard in Sibetan Village, Bebandem Subdistrict, Karangasem Regency, from March toNovember 2009. Variables observed were flower and fruit growth, microclimate, N, P, and K leaf tissue content,and N, P, and K soil content. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (anova). The results showed that theability of the crop to flowering was the same between season of sela I, gadu, and sela II. However, the percentageof fruit-set at gadu was very low (20.53%) or flower drop was very high (79.47%). Due to unfavorable climaticecondition that was very low total rain day and rainfall. Therefore, the crop did not obtain sufficient water, that wasindicated by the lowest relative water content on leaf. Off-season fruit production of Gula Pasir snake fruit of couldbe established by decreasing the percentage of flower drop by utilyzing irrigation as the substitution of low totalrain day and rainfall.
Memperpanjang Kesegaran Bunga Potong Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) dengan Larutan Perendam Sukrosa dan Asam Sitrat WIRAATMAJA, I WAYAN; GEDE ASTAWA, I NYOMAN; DEVIANITRI, NI NYOMAN
AGRITROP Vol. 26, No. 3 September 2007
Publisher : AGRITROP

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Abstract

Research on prolonging vase life of chrysanthemum aimed to recognize some concentration of sucrose andcitric acid applied on solution to prolong vase life of chrysanthemum. Randomized Block Design was applied onthis research with two factors. First factor was concentration of sucrose, consisted of four levels which were 0, 2,4, and 6 percent of sucrose. Second factor was concentration of citric acid, consisted of four levels which were0, 200, 400, and 600 ppm of citric acid. All combination treatments were replicate two times. Variables whichwere observed in this experiment i.e.: vaselife, percentage of full bloom, percentage of flower wilting, and totalof absorbed solution. The results showed that the longest vase life of chrysanthemum cut flower was found onsample treated by 2.70% of sucrose combined with 400 ppm of citric acid. The longest vase life was 13.02 daysor 6.02 days longer than control.
Pengendalian Getah Kuning Buah Manggis dengan Irigasi Tetes dan Pemupukan Kalsium I Nyoman Rai; I.W. Wiraatmaja; C.G.A. Semarajaya; I.G.K. Dana Arsana
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (212.187 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.4.1.9-15

Abstract

ABSTRACTMangosteen is the largest exported fresh fruit from Indonesia, but only 20% of the total production can be exported due to low quality. Yellow latex or gamboge disorder is the main cause of low quality mangosteen fruit. This  study aimed  to  control  the  yellow  latex  of  the  mangosteen  fruit  by  using  drip irrigation  and  calcium fertilization. The study was conducted at farmer’s mangosteen garden in Munduk Bestala village, Seririt Subdistrict, Buleleng Regency, from February to November 2009. The research was arranged as split plot design which  consisted  of  two  factors  in  a  randomized  block  design. The  main  treatments  were  two  levels  of  drip irrigation:  drip  irrigation and control,  while  the  sub  plot  treatments  were  three  levels  dosage  of calcium  or gypsum:  0,  3,   and  6  kg  gypsum  tree-1.  The  experiment was replicated  nine  times.  The  result  of  experiment indicated that interaction between drip irrigation and gypsum dosage has no significant different on yellow latex of mangosteen fruit. In contrast, drip irrigation decreased significantly yellow latex both  at outer fruit skin and aril.  The aril without yellow latex on drip irrigation treatment was 83.70%, whereas in control only 36.30%. Gypsum also  increases  the  percentage  of  fruit  aril  without  yellow  latex.  The highest  percentage  of  fruit  aril without yellow latex was obtained on 6 kg gypsum tree-1(70.00%), whereas the lowest  was on 0  kg  gypsum tree- 1( 54.44%).Key words: fruit quality,  Garcinia  mangostana ,  gypsum,  relative water content, sugar contentABSTRAKManggis merupakan buah yang terbesar diekspor oleh Indonesia, namun hanya 20% dari total produksi dapat diekspor dikarenakan  kualitas  yang rendah. Getah  kuning  atau  gambode  disorder  merupakan penyebab utama rendahnya  kualitas  buah  manggis.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk mengendalikan  getah  kuning  pada tanaman  manggis  menggunakan  irigasi tetes  dan  pemupukan  kalsium.  Penelitian  ini  dilaksanakan  di kebun manggis milik petani di desa Munduk Bestala, kecamatan Seririt, kabupaten Buleleng dari bulan Februari sampai November 2009. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan dua faktor dalam rancangan kelompok teracak. Perlakuan petak utama adalah dua tingkat irigasi tetes: irigasi tetes dan kontrol, sedangkan perlakuan anak petak  adalah  tiga  dosis pemupukan  kalsium  atau  gipsum:  0,   3,  dan  6  kg  gipsum  pohon- 1. Percobaan  diulang sebanyak sembilan kali. Hasil mengindikasikan tidak ada pengaruh nyata interaksi antara irigasi tetes dan dosis gipsum  terhadap getah kuning. Sebaliknya, irigasi tetes secara nyata mengurangi getah kuning  baik pada bagian luar kulit dan bagian daging buah. Daging buah tanpa getah kuning pada irigasi tetes adalah sebanyak 83.7%, sedangkan pada perlakuan kontrol hanya 36.30%. Gipsum juga meningkatkan persentasi daging buah tanpa getah kuning.  Persentase  tertinggi  daging  buah  tanpa  getah  kuning diperoleh  pada  perlakuan  6  kg  gipsum   pohon-1(70.00%), sedangkan persentase terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan 0 kg gipsum  pohon-1(54.44%).Kata kunci: Garcinia mangostana, gipsum, kandungan air relatif, kandungan gula, kualitas buah
Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Wani Tanpa Biji (Mangifera caesia Jack var. Ngumpen Bali) pada Berbagai Komposisi Media Tumbuh Rai I. N; C.G.A Semarajaya; I. W. Wiraatmaja; Ni K. Alit Astiari
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (114.35 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.4.2.77-82

Abstract

ABSTRACTSeedless  Wani  is  one  of  the  superior  local  fruit   germplasm. It has specific  character  due  toseedlessness, thickness of edible pulp (aril)  and fruit flavors  preferred by consumers  for   sweet, delicious taste , and specific flavor. Demand of seedless wani seedling is very high, but it cannot be fulfilled because ofthe method/technique of effective propagation is unknown. Although called seedless wani but about 10% of its total fruit have  seeds, and progenies derived from those seeds genetically similar to its parent. This studywas aimed to determine the best  growing media composition on the growth of seedlings seedless Wani. This study was a pot experiment and used a randomized block design (RBD). The treatments tested  were growing medium,  consistins  of four types  i.e.  mixture of soil  + sand + organic matter ( v:v: v = 6:0:0), mixture of soil+  sand  +  organic matter  ( v: v:v  =  3:2: 1),  mixture of  soil   + sand  +  organic matter  ( v:v: v  =  3:1:2),  and mixture  of soil  +  sand  + organic matter  (v:v:v  =  2:3:1).  The results showed  that   the composition of the growth media mixture of soil + sand + organic matter (v:v:v = 3:1:2) gave better seedling growth ( height, leaf number, and stem diameter) compared with other growing media. Based on these results, it is suggested to use  composition  of  growing  media  mixture  of  soil  +  sand  +  orga nic  matter  (v:v:v  =  3:1:2)  forpropagation  seedless Wani.Key words: growing media,  organic matter,  seedless Wani, seedlingABSTRAKWani Tanpa Biji merupakan salah satu plasma nutfah buah-buahan lokal yang sangat unggul. Wani tersebut  mempunyai karakter  spesifik  yaitu buahnya tanpa  biji, daging  buah tebal, dan  citarasa buahnya disukai konsumen karena enak, manis tanpa rasa asam, dan aromanya menarik. Permintaan terhadap bibit Wani Tanpa Biji sangat tinggi, tetapi belum bisa dipenuhi karena metode/teknik perbanyakan yang efektif belum  diketahui.  Walaupun  disebut Wani  Tanpa  Biji,  tetapi  sekitar  10%  dari  total  buah  wani tersebut memiliki  biji  dan  anakan  yang  berasal  dari  biji  tersebut mempunyai  sifat  yang  sama  dengan  induknya. Penelitian  ini  bertujuan untuk  mengetahui komposisi  media tumbuh  yang  terbaik  terhadap pertumbuhan bibit  wani  tanpa  biji.  Penelitian  ini  merupakan  percobaan  pot dengan  Rancangan  Kelompok  Lengkap Teracak (RKLT). Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah media tum buh, terdiri atas empat taraf yaitu: campuran tanah + pasir +  (v:v:v = 6:0:0), campuran tanah + pasir + bahan organik (v:v:v = 3:2:1), campuran tanah + pasir + bahan organik (v:v:v = 3:1:2), dan campuran tanah + pasir + bahan organik (v:v:v  = 2:3:1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi  media tumbuh campuran tanah + pasir + bahan organik (v:v:v = 3:1:2) memberikan pertumbuhan bibit (tinggi, jumlah daun, dan diameter batang) yang  lebih baik dibandingkan dengan campuran media tumbuh lainnya. Berdasarkan atas hasil penelitian ini, disarankan pembibitan Wani Tanpa Biji menggunakan media tumbuh campuran tanah + pasir +  bahan organik dengan komposisi 3:1:2.Kata kunci: media tumbuh, bahan organik, wani tanpa biji,   bibit
Identifikasi dan Telaah Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Genetik Buah-buahan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Integrasi Pertanian dan Pariwisata di Bali I Nyoman Rai; Gede Wijana; I Putu Sudana; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; C. G. A. Semarajaya; Ni Komang Alit Astiari
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.483 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.7.1.31-39

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe rapid growth of tourism in Bali raises new issues i.e. the decline of the agricultural sector. A model of development of integration of agriculture and tourism is required to avoid further imbalance in the development of tourism and agriculture. The objective of this study was to identify and study utilization of genetic resources of local fruits in order to improve agricultural and tourism integration. The research was conducted from March to December 2015 throughout regencies in Bali, using survey method to identify the species and sub-species of local fruits, its utilization, harvest time, and superior fruits of each regency. Definition of local fruit in this study is all species and sub-species of fruit plant found in Bali, either cultivated or wild. The results showed that there were 41 species with 149 sub-species of local fruits identified. Availability of local fruits was generally still seasonal. The harvest season was dominant from December to March. Fruits were used for local consumption, exports, inter island trade, and material for rituals and culture and for tourism market. Utilization of local fruit for tourism was still limited, i.e for fresh fruit consumption (snake fruit, wani, banana, mango, orange, papaya, water melon, melon and mangosteen), for juice (passion fruit, manggo, melon, water melon, guava, strawberry, wani); raw material for wine (snake fruit, grape), raw material for massage/Spa (lemon, pineapple, avocado, papaya, strawberry, star fruit), and for agrotourism object (strawberry, snake fruit, orange and mangosteen). We suggested that effort was required to increase the utilization of local fruits for tourism activities so that it increased the welfare of the farming community in Bali.Keyword: genetic resources, local fruit, integration, agriculture, tourismABSTRAKPesatnya perkembangan pariwisata di Bali memunculkan masalah baru yaitu semakin terdesaknya sektor pertanian. Untuk menghindari semakin tidak seimbangnya antara sektorpariwisata dan pertanian dikembangkanlah model pembangunan pertanian terintegrasi dengan pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan identifikasi dan telaah pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik buah-buahan lokal untuk meningkatkan integrasi pertanian dan pariwisata. Penelitian dilakukan dari Maret sampai Desember 2015 di seluruh kabupaten di Bali, menggunakan metode survei untuk mengidentifikasi spesies dan sub-spesies sumber daya genetik buah-buahan lokal, pemanfaatannya, musim panen, dan buah unggulan kabupaten. Batasan buah lokal dalam penelitian ini adalah semua spesies dan sub-spesies buah-buahan yang ada di Bali, baik dibudidayakan atau liar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teridentifikasi sebanyak 41 spesies dan 149 sub-spesies buahbuahan lokal. Lokasi tumbuhnya sebagian besar tersebar hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Bali seperti jeruk Bali, salak, pisang, wani, mangga, manggis, durian, jambu biji, dan nangka, tetapi adayang hanya dibudidayakan atau tumbuh pada lokasi spesifik tertentu seperti stroberi, kawista, anggur, leci, dan mundu. Ketersediaan buah umumnya masih bersifat musiman, dengan musim panen dominan dari Desember sampai Maret. Produksi buah-buahan lokal Bali dimanfaatkan untuk konsumsi lokal, komoditas ekspor, perdagangan antar pulau, keperluan ritual adat dan budaya, dan pasar pariwisata. Pemanfaatan untuk pariwisata masih relatif terbatas, meliputi: (1) hasil buah untukkonsumsi segar (fresh fruit) seperti salak, wani, pisang, mangga, jeruk, pepaya, semangka, melon dan manggis; (2) hasil buah untuk bahan juice (markisa, mangga, melon, semangka, stroberi, wani); (3) hasil buah untuk bahan wine (salak, anggur), (4) bagian buah, daun, atau bagian lainnya untuk massage/spa (jeruk lemon, nenas, avokad, pepaya, stroberi, belimbing wuluh); dan (5) kebun buah untuk agrowisata (stroberi, salak, jeruk, dan manggis). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini perlu ada upaya nyata meningkatkan pemanfaatan buah-buahan lokal untuk pariwisata agar kesejahteraan petani buah-buahan semakin meningkat.Kata kunci: buah lokal, integrasi, pariwisata, pertanian, sumber daya genetik
Pengendalian Getah Kuning Pada Buah Manggis Dengan Irigasi Tetes dan Antitranspiran Chitosan I Nyoman Rai; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya; IGK Dana Arsana; NK Alit Astiari
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 24, No 4 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v24n4.2014.p307-315

Abstract

Manggis merupakan buah segar terbanyak yang diekspor Indonesia, namun hanya 12,79% dari total produksi buah manggis Indonesia yang layak ekspor karena kualitasnya rendah. Gangguan getah kuning merupakan penyebab utama rendahnya kualitas buah manggis. Penelitian bertujuan mengendalikan getah kuning pada buah manggis dengan irigasi tetes dan antitranspiran Chitosan. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun manggis petani di Desa Munduk Bestala, Kecamatan Seririt, Buleleng, pada musim panas (April–November 2011). Perlakuan yang dicoba terdiri atas dua faktor, disusun secara petak terpisah dengan rancangan acak kelompok dan sembilan ulangan. Faktor utama adalah perlakuan irigasi tetes terdiri atas dua taraf, yaitu dengan irigasi tetes (I) dan tanpa irigasi tetes/kontrol (I (A1), dan 0,30% (A2k), sedangkan subplot adalah konsentrasi antitranspiran Chitosan, terdiri atas tiga taraf yaitu 0% (A). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara irigasi tetes dan konsentrasi antitranspiran berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap getah kuning pada buah manggis. Perlakuan irigasi tetes meningkatkan secara nyata persentase buah yang dagingnya tidak bergetah kuning. Buah yang dagingnya tidak bergetah kuning pada perlakuan irigasi tetes mencapai 83,70%, sedangkan pada kontrol hanya 36,30%. Demikian pula pemberian antitranspiran Chitosan menurunkan secara nyata buah yang dagingnya tidak bergetah kuning. Buah yang dagingnya tidak bergetah kuning pada antitranspiran Chitosan konsentrasi 0,15% dan 0,30% masing masing 60,00% dan 64,44%, sedangkan pada kontrol hanya 55,56%. Disamping itu, antitranspiran Chitosan tidak menurunkan proses fotosintesis yang tercermin dari tidak turunnya kandungan gula pereduksi, gula total, dan sukrosa daun. 
Studi Fenofisiologi Pembungaan Salak Gula Pasir sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kegagalan Fruit-Set I Nengah Rai; CGA Semarajaya; I Wayan Wiraatmaja
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v20n3.2010.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Salak Gula Pasir secara alamiah berbunga setiap 3 bulan sekali atau empat kali setahun, tetapi dariempat kali musim pembungaan, hanya satu sampai dua musim pembungaan saja yang menghasilkan buah. Kegagalanfruit-set menyebabkan panen buah salak Gula Pasir bersifat musiman. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari fenofisiologipembungaan salak Gula Pasir untuk mengatasi kegagalan fruit-set dan memproduksi buah di luar musim. Penelitianmenggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan satu faktor perlakuan dan 20 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah musimpembungaan terdiri atas tiga taraf, yaitu musim pembungaan sela I (April), musim pembungaan gadu (Juli), dan musimpembungaan sela II (Oktober). Penelitian dilakukan di kebun salak Gula Pasir milik petani di Desa Sibetan, KecamatanBebandem, Kabupaten Karangasem, mulai bulan Maret sampai November 2009. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadappertumbuhan bunga dan buah, iklim mikro, kandungan N, P, dan K jaringan daun, dan kandungan N, P, dan K tanah.Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam sesuai dengan rancangan yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwatanaman salak Gula Pasir yang diteliti dapat berbunga dengan baik pada sela I, gadu, dan sela II, tetapi persentasefruit-set pada gadu sangat rendah (20,53%) atau persentase bunga gugur sangat tinggi (79,47%). Tingginya persentasebunga gugur pada gadu berhubungan dengan kondisi iklim yang kurang mendukung, karena rendahnya intensitascurah hujan dan jumlah hari hujan, sehingga tanaman kekurangan air, yang ditunjukkan oleh rendahnya kandunganair relatif pada daun. Pembuahan salak Gula Pasir di luar musim dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi persentasebuah gugur melalui pemberian air irigasi sebagai pengganti rendahnya curah hujan dan hari hujan.ABSTRACT. Rai, I. N., C.G.A. Semarajaya, and I. W. Wiraatmaja. 2010. A Study on the FloweringPhenophysiology of Gula Pasir Snake Fruit to Prevent Failure of Fruit-set. Flowering of Gula Pasir snake fruitnaturally occures once every 3 months or four times a year, but only one to two of flowering seasons succeeds toproduce fruit. Fruit-set failure causes the fruit harvest seasonally occurs. This research was aimed to study Floweringphenophysiology of Gula Pasir snake fruit to prevent failure fruit-set and to produce off-season fruit. A randomizedcomplete design with one treatment factor and 20 replications was used in the research. The treatment was floweringseason consisted of three levels i.e. sela I (April), gadu (July), and sela II (October). The research was conductedat a farmer’s snake fruit orchard in Sibetan Village, Bebandem Subdistrict, Karangasem Regency, from March toNovember 2009. Variables observed were flower and fruit growth, microclimate, N, P, and K leaf tissue content,and N, P, and K soil content. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (anova). The results showed that theability of the crop to flowering was the same between season of sela I, gadu, and sela II. However, the percentageof fruit-set at gadu was very low (20.53%) or flower drop was very high (79.47%). Due to unfavorable climaticecondition that was very low total rain day and rainfall. Therefore, the crop did not obtain sufficient water, that wasindicated by the lowest relative water content on leaf. Off-season fruit production of Gula Pasir snake fruit of couldbe established by decreasing the percentage of flower drop by utilyzing irrigation as the substitution of low totalrain day and rainfall.
Application of drip irrigation technology for producing fruit of Salak ‘Gula Pasir” (Salacca zalacca var. Gulapasir) off season on dry land I N Rai; I W Wiraatmaja; C G A Semarajaya; N K A Astiari
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (224.856 KB) | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2014.021.219

Abstract

Sugar naturally bark (Salacca zalacca var. Gulapasir) flowering every three months or four times a year, but only one or two flowering seasons are the flowers can develop into fruit. The condition causes granulated sugar fruits available in the market in a short period of time (only 2-3 months) ie at the time of harvest (on-season) from December to February, while outside the harvest season (off-season) fruit supply rare or no fruit. Occurs due to the nature of seasonal fruit Salak Sugar planted on dry land, irrigation depends only on rainfall, drought occurs when water is short so that the plant's internal water content is low and it causes a high failure rate develops into the fruit (fruit-set failure). The research aims to overcome the failure of fruit-set as drip irrigation. The study of the factors with two levels of treatment (without drip irrigation / control and with drip irrigation) during the dry season in central bark Sugar production (in Sibetan village, District Bebandem, Karangasem regency, Bali) at two harvest seasons, the season Gadu (July) and Sela II (October). Each treatment was repeated 16 times. The results showed that the plant was given a drip irrigation treatments provide fruit-set percentage was significantly higher compared with plants that are not given drip irrigation, both in summer and in winter Sela Gadu II. Percentage fruit-set on the season and Sela Gadu II in a given crop drip irrigation respectively 75.30% and 93.13%, while that does not get a drip irrigation percentage of its fruit-set each only 59.94% and 61.67%. Increased fruit-set on drip irrigation treatment is associated with increased leaf chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC) leaves, and nutrient content of N, P, and K leaf. The increase of fruit-set led to a number of fruits and fruit weight per plant on providing drip irrigation significantly higher than the control. Based on the results of this study suggested treatment of drip irrigation can be applied to produce granulated sugar fruits out of season were planted on dry land.
PHENOTYPIC, GENOTYPIC CHARACTERS AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SEEDLESS WANI (Mangivera caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali) (A Review) I Nyoman Rai; Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya; Gede Wijana; I Wayan Wiraatmaja; Ngurah Gede Astawa; Ni Komang Alit Astiari
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

The diversity of Mangivera caesia Jack (Balinese name: wani) in Bali was quite high. Based on the morphological characters of the fruit, 22 cultivars had been explored in the previous research (Rai et al., 2008). One of the most superior cultivar among those and very potential to be commercially developed was seedless wani (M. caesia Jack. var. Ngumpen Bali). The cultivar had specific properties that were not possessed by the others. Ninety (90) % of the total fruits produced were seedless, while the remaining (10%) has small seed. Beside that, this seedless cultivar had thick flesh, very attractive skin color (glossy yellowish green), uniformity on the size and shape of fruits, a distinctive aroma, sweet, tasty, and highly nutritious. The results of RAPD analysis of 10 wani cultivars grown in Bali showed that this seedless cultivar (Ngumpen) was grouped in to different cluster, a part from others. In comparison with 4 seeded cultivars of wani, Ngumpen cultivar had a similar nutrient content, however, it had greater fiber and a greater percentage of edible part. We concluded that the Ngumpen cultivar was a specific and unique germplasm so that should be preserved and protected.
SPORE PROPAGATION OF INDIGENOUS ENDOMYCHORIZA FROM SEVERAL ROOTING AREAS OF SNAKE FRUIT ON DIFFERENT SOIL WATER CONTENT I Nyoman Rai; I Ketut Suada; M. Praborini; I Wayan Wiraatmaja
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.053 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2018.v05.i02.p09

Abstract

Cultivation of organic snake fruit in Bali which is done on dry land with the irrigation depends on rainfall and the fertilization generally only uses uncertain amount of fallen leaves, it reduces the productivity, quality, and continuity of fruit production over time. In rhizosphere of snake fruit there are various types of indigenous endomycorrhiza that potentially can be developed as biofertilizer, but as a biofertilizer, the low number of spores population for inoculum becomes a limiting factor in using indigenous endomycorrhiza. The effort that can be done are to propagate the spores by giving water stress treatment. This study aimed to obtain the best rhizosphere location of snake fruit as the source of spores and the level of soil water content to multiply the spores. The research was conducted in the green House, Farm Station, Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University at Jalan Pulau Moyo, Denpasar, from October 2017 to January 2018. The spore propagation used nested experiment with Randomized Block Design patterns. The treatments were rhizosphere location as the source of indigenous endomycorrhizas spore consists of three levels (Bebandem District Karangasem Regency, Payangan District Gianyar Regency, and Pupuan District Tabanan Regency) and soil water content consists of three levels (100%, 70%, and 40% field capacity). The results of the research showed that the source of indigenous endomychorrizae from snake fruit rhizosphere in Payangan District gave the highest number of spores found and the highest percentage of the spore increase after propagation. While in the soil water content treatments, the highest number of spores found and the percentage of the spore increase after propagation were obtained at soil water content of 40% field capacity. The percentage of root infections from different sources of indigenous endomychorrhizae and different levels of soil water content is same i.e 100%.
Co-Authors A. A. P. Sri ADHIATMA DHIYAN SAPUTRA Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya DEWA AYU ARI FEBRIYANTI Faisal Siregar Gede Wijana HESTIN YUSWANTI I GEDE JAYA MAHENDRA I GEDE NADI ARAT I GUSTI ALIT GUNADI I Gusti Ayu Kadek Dian Permatha Suyoga I Gusti Ayu Kadek Dian Permatha Suyoga I GUSTI NGURAH DJORDI JUNIADA I Gusti Ngurah Widyatmaja I KADEK AGUS INDRAWAN I KETUT ADE SUJANA I Ketut Suada I Made Sudana I Made Sukewijaya I N Rai I N. Rai I Nengah Rai I NYOMAN GEDE ASTAWA I NYOMAN RAI I P. Sudana I Putu Adhi Wiriyanatha I PUTU DHARMA I PUTU EKO SURYA ARIANTA I PUTU SUDANA I WAYAN EKA SAPUTRA I. N. Rai I. P. Sudama I.G.K. Dana Arsana I.N. Rai I.P. Sudana IGK Dana Arsana IN RAI ING ASTAWA M. Praborini Melani Jelita Tarigan N K A Astiari NADA SAHARA Ngurah Gede Astawa Ni K. Alit Astiari Ni Kadek Trisnayanti Ni Kadek Trisnayati Ni Ketut Arismayanti, Ni Ketut Ni Komang Alit Astiari Ni Komang Alit Astiari, Ni Komang Alit Ni Luh Kartini NI MADE KESUMA DEWI NI NYOMAN ARI MAYADEWI NI NYOMAN DEVIANITRI NI WAYAN PENI YULIAWATI NK Alit Astiari, NK Alit Rai I. N SALSABILA FAADHILAH UTAMI UTAMI Yohanes Setiyo