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<![CDATA[ACOUSTIC DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MARINE SEDIMENT WITH SHALLOW SEISMIC TECHNOLOGY IN RAMBAT WATERS, BANGKA BELITUNG ]]>
<![CDATA[Haqqu Ramdhani]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Susilohadi Susilohadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): Elektronik Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v5i2.7572
<![CDATA[High resolution of marine seismic reflection seismic were used to detect the layers of seafloor sediment and to interpret the seismic data geologically. The objectives of this study weres to detect and to characterize the seafloor sediment in the Rambat area, West Bangka, Bangka Belitung. Acquisition data was held on 10-24 August 2012 located between 105.1°00'00" - 105.5°00'00 " N and 1.7°00'00"-1.9° 00'00" W. Several methods used to process the data were geometry processing, band pass filter, predictive deconvolution, and Autocoralation Gain Control (AGC) in order to reduce the multiple noise and to ease the data interpretation. Seismic cross section found in Cross Rambat (CRMBT) line 11 exhibited sedimentation process of the sea floor which rocky substrates. The process was assumed to be occurred due to legal and illegal mining activities for long period of time. Keywords: seismic, acoustic, sediment, band pass filter, deconvolution, noise]]>
<![CDATA[ACOUSTIC DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MARINE SEDIMENT WITH SHALLOW SEISMIC TECHNOLOGY IN RAMBAT WATERS, BANGKA BELITUNG ]]>
<![CDATA[Haqqu Ramdhani]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Susilohadi Susilohadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): Elektronik Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v5i2.7572
<![CDATA[High resolution of marine seismic reflection seismic were used to detect the layers of seafloor sediment and to interpret the seismic data geologically. The objectives of this study weres to detect and to characterize the seafloor sediment in the Rambat area, West Bangka, Bangka Belitung. Acquisition data was held on 10-24 August 2012 located between 105.1°00'00" - 105.5°00'00 " N and 1.7°00'00"-1.9° 00'00" W. Several methods used to process the data were geometry processing, band pass filter, predictive deconvolution, and Autocoralation Gain Control (AGC) in order to reduce the multiple noise and to ease the data interpretation. Seismic cross section found in Cross Rambat (CRMBT) line 11 exhibited sedimentation process of the sea floor which rocky substrates. The process was assumed to be occurred due to legal and illegal mining activities for long period of time. Keywords: seismic, acoustic, sediment, band pass filter, deconvolution, noise]]>
<![CDATA[DIMENSION OF SEAMOUNT USING MULTIBEAM ECHOSOUNDER IN BENGKULU WATERS ]]>
<![CDATA[Fahrulian Fahrulian]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Djoko Hartoyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 5 No. 1 (2013): Elektronik Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v5i1.7754
<![CDATA[The purpose of this research was to determine the dimensions of seamount using echosuonder in Bengkulu waters. The survey was conducted by BPPT, LIPI, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, CGGVeritas, and the Institut de Physique du Globe (IPG) Paris in the southwest of the Sumatera island on 18-19 December 2010. Two acoustic instruments were used i.e., ELAC Seabeam 1050D with a frequency of 50 kHz and Simrad EM 12D with a frequency of 12 kHz. Data acquisition was obtained by using the hydrostar software in Baruna Jaya 3 and 4 research vessels. CARIS HIPS and SIPS6.1 softwares were used toprocess the data of bathymetry. Amplitude and backscatter data were obtained by data processing on the MBSystem. Data visualization in 3-D was performed using the Fladermaus 6.2 software (personal license of Djoko Hartoyo). Seamount form was assumed as a cone with an elliptical base to calculate the dimensions. The result showed an under water seamount of 320 Km from the southwest of Bengkulu city at -4°22’9.16’’latitude and 99°25’01.47’’ longitude. The seamount height was ± 3,968 meters and had two peak separated at ± 3,050 meters. Seamount peaks located at ± 1.270 meters below sea level. The major axis was ± 50,240 meters and the minor axis in this seamount was ± 5,644 meters Keywords: seamount dimension, bathymetry, backscattering, Bengkulu Waters]]>
<![CDATA[QUANTIFICATION OF TUNA FISH TARGET STRENGTH USING QUANTITATIVE ECHO SOUNDER ]]>
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Elektronik Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v1i1.7936
<![CDATA[A preliminary research programme was carried out in order to study the acoustic wave reflection or target strength (TS) of tuna fish using a quantitative echo sounder (QES). The relationships between TS to fork length (FL) and swimbladder volume, for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (T. albacares) are investigated. The TS of bigeye tuna was about 3 dB higher than yellowfin tuna when comparing species at the same size. The result can be correlated to the swimbladder volume differencebetween species. The relationship between TS and swimbladder volume was quantified for both species.Keywords: tuna fish, target strength, quantitative echo sounder]]>
<![CDATA[ENGINEERING OF ACOUSTIC TECHNOLOGY FOR UNDERWATER POSITIONING OBJECT ]]>
<![CDATA[Billi Rifa Kusumah]]>;
<![CDATA[Indra Jaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[. Susilohadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v10i3.21456
<![CDATA[Underwater Positioning System (UPS) is a system to track the existence of the position of an object by utilizing the arrival time of the signal measurement. On land, the system uses an electromagnetic signal called GPS. However, because it cannot penetrate water effectively, an acoustic signal is used as an alternative. The purpose of this research is to engineer the control system of data acquisition and underwater acoustic device to measure arrival time (TOA) and apply equation model for underwater sound source positioning system. the effective frequency resonance of the transducer and the hydrophone is at a frequency of 6 kHz. The acquisition control device is able to measure the TOA signal with an error on a digital channel smaller than an analog channel. The difference between the TOA values measured by oscilloscope and acquisition control system is caused by inaccuracy of threshold estimates at the receiver's peak detector circuit. The position of the sound source coordinates obtained from the equation model shows the highest difference in depth point (z) compared to points (x) and (y), caused by the equation model used is limited to four hydrophone units forming a horizontal baseline.]]>
<![CDATA[KLASIFIKASI HABITAT PERAIRAN DANGKAL MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY DAN MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD PADA CITRA SATELIT MULTISPEKTRAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Siddiq Sangadji]]>;
<![CDATA[Vincentius Paulus Siregar]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry Munandar Manik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v10i3.22859
<![CDATA[ABSTRAKLogika fuzzy memiliki aplikasi di berbagai bidang, namun memiliki arti khusus untuk penginderaan jarak jauh. Logika fuzzy memungkinkan keanggotaan parsial, bagian yang sangat penting dibidang penginderaan jarak jauh, karena keanggotaan parsial diterjemahkan secara dekat dengan masalah piksel campuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan algoritma klasifikasi logika fuzzy untuk memetakan habitat dasar Perairan dangkal pada Citra Satelit SPOT 7 dan Sentinel 2A, menguji tingkat akurasinya dan membandingkan algoritma klasifikasi logika fuzzy dengan maximum likelihood. Pengambilan data lapang berlokasi di gusung Karang Lebar dan Karang Congkak, Kepuluan Seribu pada tanggal 6 Desember sampai dengan 10 Desember 2017. Keseluruhan hasil uji akurasi menunjukan bahwa algoritma logika fuzzy masih memiliki tingkat akurasi yang baik dibandingkan dengan algoritma maximum likelihood. Perbedaan ukuran pixel (resolusi spasial) dari citra satelit juga mempengaruhi hasil akurasi, dimana citra satelit SPOT 7 memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Sentinel 2A.ABSTRACTFuzzy logic has applications in various fields, but has special meaning for remote sensing. Fuzzy logic allows partial membership, a very important property in the field of remote sensing, since partial membership is translated closely to the problem of mixed pixels. The aim of this research is to apply fuzzy logic classification algorithm to map benthic habitat in SPOT 7 and Sentinel 2A satellite imagery, test its accuracy level and compare fuzzy logic classification algorithm with maximum likelihood. Field data retrieval located in Karang Lebar and Karang Congkak, Kepulauan Seribu on 6 December until 10 December 2017. The overall accuracy test results show that fuzzy logic algorithm still has a good accuracy level compared to the maximum likelihood algorithm. Differences in pixel size (spatial resolution) of satellite imagery also affect accuracy results, where SPOT 7 satellite imagery has greater accuracy then Sentinel 2A. ]]>
<![CDATA[PEMETAAN SUHU LAUT DI PERAIRAN TELUK BALIKPAPAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI AKUSTIK TOMOGRAFI PANTAI ]]>
<![CDATA[Teguh Arif Pianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Indra Jaya]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v11i1.22990
<![CDATA[ABSTRAKSuhu laut dalam oseanografi merupakan faktor penting yang menunjukkan kualitas suatu perairan sehingga pemetaan secara spasial dan temporal perlu dilakukan. Salah satu teknologi yang potensial efektif untuk dapat digunakan dalam melakukan pemetaan suhu laut adalah dengan menggunakan teknologi akustik tomografi pantai Coastal Acoustic Tomography system (CATs). Penerapan teknologi akustik tomografi pantai di perairan teluk Balikpapan belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Teknologi ini dapat menjangkau daerah yang luas dan dapat melakukan pemetaan suhu laut perlapisan kedalaman dengan resolusi temporal permenit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi data akustik tomografi untuk mendapatkan nilai suhu laut dari data waktu tempuh yang diperoleh antar pasangan stasiun sehingga menjadi peta sebaran suhu laut di jejaring CATs. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menempatkan 4 stasiun akustik yang direkonstruksi melalui metode inversi dari waktu tempuh akustik yang diperoleh antar pasangan stasiun dan suhu rata-rata di lintasan terbentuk menggunakan formula Mackenzie. Hasil rekonstruksi suhu rata-rata pada lintasan jejaring CATs berkisar 28oC sampai 30oC. Uji validasi data suhu laut hasil pengukuran dengan metoda akustik tomografi pantai dengan alat ukur CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) diperoleh akurasi antara nilai suhu laut hasil pengukuran dengan data CTD mencapai 98%, nilai koefisien korelasi R=0,79. Kesimpulan penelitian didapati bahwa rekonstruksi data Akustik Tomografi telah berhasil mengakusisi data suhu laut dengan tingkat ketelitian pada pengukuran yang dilakukan di perairan Teluk Balikapapan mencapai lebih dari 97%. ABSTRACTSea temperature in oceanography is an important factor to figure out the quality of waters that the conducted mapping spatially and temporally. One of the potential technologies effectively can be carried out by mapping sea temperature is a coastal acoustic tomography system (CATs). This technology has never been implemented conducted in Balikpapan Bay before. The technology is able to reach out of a wide range of seawater area and to map sea temperature according to its depth layers.The purpose of this study is to reconstruct tomographic acoustic data to obtain ocean temperature values from travel time data that obtained between pair of stations, so it became a map of sea temperature distribution in CAT’s network. This research was taken by setting four reconstructed observational stations through inversion method of received acoustic travel time among paired stations. The average of temperatures in the formed tracks was analyzed by using Mackenzie formula.The results of reconstructing the seawater temperatures in the CATs tracking networks are in a range of 28oC – 30oC. Aalidation test of the seawater temperature data resulted from coastal acoustic tomography method by using a CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) generates the accuracies of the seawater temperature are more than 98% and a correlation coefficient R = 0.79. The finding of the study was the reconstruction of Acoustic Tomography data has succeeded in acquiring sea temperature data with a level of accuracy level of more than 97%.]]>
<![CDATA[STUDI KOMPARASI METODE MIGRASI SEISMIK DALAM MENGKARAKTERISASI RESERVOIR MIGAS DI BLOK KANGEAN, LAUT BALI MENGGUNAKAN INVERSI IMPEDANSI AKUSTIK BERBASIS MODEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Aditya P. Sidiq]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry M. Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Tumpal B. Nainggolan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v11i1.23028
<![CDATA[ABSTRAK Karakterisasi reservoir menjadi penting dalam tahapan eksplorasi minyak dan gas bumi. Salah satu hal yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai keakuratan dalam mengkarakterisasi reservoir adalah penampang seismik yang sesuai dengan penampang aslinya. Struktur lapisan bumi yang kompleks mengakibatkan gelombang terdifraksi, sehingga penampang seismik mengalami pembelokan dari posisi sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode migrasi seismik Kirchhoff dan Stolt (F-K) untuk mengembalikan posisi reflektor pada waktu dan kedalaman yang sebenarnya pada data seismik 2D di Perairan Utara Bali. Data seismik diintegrasikan dengan data sumur APS-1 sebagai kontrol untuk diinversikan dengan teknik inversi berbasis model sehingga dapat mengkarakterisasi reservoir. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan hasil migrasi seismik yaitu migrasi Stolt dan migrasi Kirchhoff untuk diinversikan menggunakan metode inversi berbasis model sehingga dapat diketahui sejauh mana kualitas data seismik mempengaruhi proses karakterisasi reservoir. Nilai korelasi dari hasil analisis regresi antara log impedansi inversi dengan log impedansi data sumur pada migrasi Kirchhoff sebesar 0,739 dan galat regresi sebesar 873,54, sedangkan pada migrasi Stolt memiliki nilai korelasi sebesar 0,698 dan nilai galat sebesar 1236,17. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa migrasi Kirchhoff lebih baik dari migrasi Stolt baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif dalam mengkarakterisasi reservoir hidrokarbon. ABSTRACTReservoir characterization is an important method in gas and oil exploration. In order to obtain accuracy for defining reservoir, required seismic image that similar to the actual seismic image. The complexity of earth structure could cause diffracted waves, therefore, seismic image was diffracted from its actual position. This study applies Kirchhoff and Stolt (F-K) seismic migration methods to restore the position of the reflector at the actual time and depth seismic data in North Bali. Seismic data is integrated with APS-1 well data as controls to be converted with model-based inversion techniques so as to characterize the reservoir. This study aims to compare the results of seismic migration namely Stolt and Kirchhoff migration to be converted using a model-based inversion method so that it can be seen to what extent the quality of seismic data influences the reservoir characterization process. Correlation value from the results of regression analysis between inversion log impedance and well impedance log data in Kirchhoff migration is 0.739 and regression error is 873.54, while the Stolt migration has a correlation value of 0.698 and an error value of 1236.17. This shows that Kirchhoff's migration is better than Stolt migration both qualitatively and quantitatively in characterizing hydrocarbon reservoirs.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGUKURAN DAN ANALISIS HAMBUR BALIK AKUSTIK MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI MULTIBEAM ECHOSOUNDERUNTUK KLASIFIKASI SEDIMEN DASAR LAUT TELUK PALU ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizqi Ayu Farihah]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry Munandar Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Gentio Harsono]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 12 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v12i2.28465
<![CDATA[Nilai Hambur balik dapat menggambarkan kondisi sedimen di dasar perairan, termasuk ukuran butir dari sedimen dasar perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi, mengklasifikasi dan memprediksi tipe dasar perairan berdasarkan nilai hambur balik menggunakan Angular Response Analysis (ARA) dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) sehingga didapatkan peta spasial sebaran sedimen di Teluk Palu. Data batimetri dan intensitas hambur balik diambil pada 5-9 Oktober 2018 menggunakan multibeam echosounder Kongsberg EM 302 dengan frekuensi 30 kHz dan 10 sampel sedimen tahun 2012 milik PUSHIDROSAL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran sedimen dasar Teluk Palu dengan metode ARA didominasi oleh pasir (sand) dan lanau (silt) sedangkan dengan metode SVM didominasi oleh pasir berlanau (silty sand), lanau (silt) dan pasir (sand). Hasil uji akurasi untuk metode ARA sebesar 50% sedangkan hasil uji akurasi untuk metode SVM menghasilkan overall accuracy dengan nilai 60%. Prediksi tipe dasar perairan di Teluk Palu yang paling mendekati keadaan sebenarnya adalah hasil prediksi dengan metode SVM yaitu pasir berlanau, lanau dan pasir.]]>
<![CDATA[PENCITRAAN STRUKTUR HALUS TERMOHALIN MENGGUNAKAN SEISMIK REFLEKSI MULTIKANAL DI UTARA LAUT MALUKU ]]>
<![CDATA[Randi Firdaus]]>;
<![CDATA[Henry Munandar Manik]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Saleh Atmadipoera]]>;
<![CDATA[Rina Zuraida]]>;
<![CDATA[Catur Purwanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University ]]>
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DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v13i1.32346
<![CDATA[Low-frequency acoustic such as marine seismic that has been commonly used in geological mapping is nowadays being developed as tools to map the water columns. This study aims to map thermohaline fine structure in the Northern Maluku Sea. Seismic reflection data from 72 channel along 239 km track line was processed to delineate water column structure. The depth-distance seismic oceanography section clearly showed reflectors at depth of 400 m and 800 m correspond to lower boundary of the seasonal and permanent thermocline layers, respectively. The reflections between depth of 400 m and 800 m were caused by the thermohaline staircase as confirmed by CTD data. Water column reflections showed the presence of internal wave-like structure in the northwestern Tufure sill which has height and wavelength about 102 m and 17 km, respectively. The seismic amplitude in the water column corresponded to the vertical contrast of physical oceanographic parameters such as temperature, salinity, and sound speed. Reflections in the water column could be caused by temperature gradients ranging contrast from 0.03°C/m to >0.20°C/m. The acoustic impedance in the internal wave-like zone was ranging from 0.8 x 106 kg/m3 m/s to 2.06 x 106 kg/m3 m/s. This research revealed that the marine seismic data can be useful for studying the water column characteristics in the Northern Maluku Sea.]]>
