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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman JURNAL ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN Sosio e-kons Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kehutanan JEPI

Bintang C. H. Simangunsong

Department Of Forest Products Faculty Of Forestry And Environment IPB University

Author-ID : 3557131

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Social Sciences

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DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN MAKROEKONOMI DAN FAKTOR EKSTERNAL EKONOMI TERHADAP LAJU DEFORESTASI DAN DEGRADASI HUTAN ALAM: STUDI KASUS DEFORESTASI UNTUK PERLUASAN AREAL TANAMAN PANGAN DAN PERKEBUNAN SERTA HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI DAN DEGRADASI HUTAN ALAM AREAL KONSESI Satria Astana; Bonar M. Sinaga; Sudarsono Soedomo; Bintang C.H. Simangunsong
Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan Vol 9, No 3 (2012): Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan
Publisher : Centre for Research and Development on Social, Economy, Policy and Climate Change

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jakk.2012.9.3.155-175

Di subsektor kehutanan, pengurangan emisi CO2 dapat diwujudkan dengan mempertahankan dan mengkonservasi hutan alam yang tersisa dan/atau meningkatkan hutan tanaman yang ada dengan mereboisasi kawasan hutan yang terdegradasi. Efektivitas kebijakan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor eksternal hutan. Dalam penelitian ini, faktor eksternal hutan yang dianalisis dibatasi pada: (1) kebijakan makroekonomi dan (2) faktor eksternal ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan makroekonomi dan faktor eksternal ekonomi terhadap laju deforestasi dan degradasi hutan alam. Menggunakan model ekonometrika, hasil analisis mengindikasikan bahwa laju deforestasi dan degradasi hutan alam dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan makroekonomi dan faktor eksternal ekonomi. Dalam hal ini, suku bunga merupakan saluran transmisi kebijakan dan faktor eksternal ekonomi yang signifikan dan karenanya dapat digunakan sebagai instrumen kebijakan insentif-disinsentif yang efektif untuk mengendalikan laju deforestasi dan degradasi hutan alam.

Analisis Alternatif Solusi Penyediaan Sumber Energi Listrik Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Kupang Rusman Sinaga; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan; Prastowo Prastowo; Bintang Charles Hamonangan Simangunsong
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 5 No. 3 (2017): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

AbstractKupang is one of the districts in Indonesia which has low electrification ratio that is about 60%. There are still 32 out of 177 villages having no access to Electrical Energy Sources (EES) supply. It means that there are 30,910 out of 78,011 households without access to electricity supply. The barriers for supplying the electricity were the difficulties to reach the location due to its geographical conditions. This research was aimed to analyze and select the appropriate electrical power system for using the available primary energy resources in the rural area of Kupang district, bounded with three criteria, namely environmentally friendly, efficient, and effective. The results of Analytical Hierarchy Process of the alternative solutions to the provision of EER in Kupang district found that the first option is the solar photovoltaic power system/PLTS (41%), the second option is wind power system/PLTB (27.5%), the third option is microgrid power system/ MG (20.8%) and the fourth is hybrids power system/PLTH (10.8%). AbstrakKupang merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Indonesia yang memiliki rasio elektrifikasi yang rendah yaitu sekitar 60%. Di Kabupaten Kupang masih terdapat 32 dari 177 desa yang belum mendapatkan pasokan Sumber Energi Listrik (SEL). Hal ini berarti bahwa 30,910 dari 78,011 rumah tangga belum mendapatkan pasokan listrik. Kendala utama pemasokan SEL adalah kondisi georafis yang sulit dijangkau. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan memilih sistem tenaga listrik untuk penyediaan SEL sesuai dengan sumberdaya energi primer yang dimiliki perdesaan dengan tiga kriteria antara lain ramah lingkungan, efisien dan efektif. Hasil Proses Hirarki Analitik solusi alternatif untuk penyediaan SEL di Kabupaten Kupang ditemukan bahwa pilihan pertama adalah sistem tenaga surya fotovoltaik/PLTS (41%), pilihan kedua adalah sistem tenaga angin/PLTB (27.5%), opsi ketiga adalah sistem microgrid/MG (20.8%) dan yang keempat adalah sistem tenaga hibrida/PLTH (10.8%).

Profitability and Market Chain Analyses of Sumatera Benzoin at Sampean Village District of Humbang Hasundutan North Sumatera Province Exas DL Gaol; Bintang C Simangunsong
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Sumatera benzoin is one of Indonesia’non-timber forest products and traditionally produced from Styrax community forest. This community forest has not been intensively managed due to lack of farmer’s market acces and its fluctuated gum prices. Profitability and market chains of benzoin bussines was then analysed. Fifteen farmers at Sampean Village - one of the Sumatera benzoin producer centres - were interviewed and observed. The average of forest area managed by a farmer was about 5 ha with gum production of 201.6 kg per year. The annual production cost and profit of a farmer were estimated about Rp. 4.99 millions and Rp.10.47 millions, respectively. When farmer’s labour was taken into account as a variable cost, the farmer’s profit would drastically decline to Rp. 1.47 millions per year, which was much lower than farmer’s income generated from padi or coffee plantations. Two type market chains of Sumatera benzoin were also identified: a main line and a secondary line. The secondary line was found as the most efficient market chain with value of Rp. 43000 per kg and had the highest farmer’s share of 69%.Key words: market chain, non-timber forest products, production cost, styrax forest, sumatera benzoin

Analisis Biaya Produksi Pelet Kayu (Cost Analysis of Wood Pellet Production) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Karina A Wilma; EG Togu Manurung; Vera J Sitanggang; Armansyah H Tambunan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Eco-friendly renewable energy such as wood pellet is necessary to replace fossil fuels. Hence, the wood pellet industry has been rapidly developed, particularly, in European and America countries. To capitalize a high demand of wood pellet in those countries, Indonesia’s wood pellet companies need analysis tools to make decision on management and operation of their wood pellet production such as productivity, efficiency, production cost and and profitability assessments. The objectives of this study were to analyze cost, break-event point and profitability of wood pellet production. This study was conducted at a large integrated wood based panel and wood working products company, which produces wood pellet from its forest products residues. The results showed that the production cost was about IDR 1.41 millions per ton or US$ 114 per ton. The break-even point was about 1400 tons per year or about 84.7% of actual production. The return on investment (ROI) was about 14.15 %, which was slightly higer than a lending rate of 10.25%.Key words: energy, production cost, profitability, wood pellet, wood residues

Analisis Biaya Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Kimia pada Pabrik Bubur Kertas (Cost Analysis of a Pulp Mill’s Chemicals Inventory Control) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Elizabeth R Simangunsong
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

A pulp and paper company had a chemical raw materials piling-up issue, which affected its quality and increased its inventory cost. Hence, a proper inventory control policy of these is needed. This research were aimed to analyze the company‘s inventory control policy on its chemicals and inventory cost in the period 2012-2013 and recommend the inventory control plan for the year 2014. The lot sizing techniques of Lot for Lot, Economic Order Quantity, Least Unit Cost, and Least Total Cost were investigated and the results were compared with the company’s inventory cost. The chemicals inventory cost for the year 2014 was also determined based on chemical estimates needed in the year 2014. Chemical estimates were derived from forecasted monthly pulp production in the year 2014 that obtained by the least square dummy variables regression technique using the monthly pulp production data in the period 2012-2013 and the company’s Standard Operating Procedures. The results showed the company’s inventory cost was 6.34% higher than inventory costs calculated by those four techniques when company failed to maintain its ending inventory to the predetermined safety stock level. Otherwise, the company could keep its chemicals control policy in the year 2014.Keywords: cost analysis, inventory cost, inventory control, lot sizing techniques, pulp production

Analisis Daya Saing Produk Pulp dan Kertas Indonesia di Pasar Dunia (Competitiveness Analysis of Indonesia’s Pulp and Paper Products in a Global Market) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Rizka A Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this research is to analyze competitiveness of Indonesia pulp and paper products, particularly chemical wood pulp, newsprint, printing-writing paper and other paper-paperboard products in international market in the period 2002-2011. The Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Trade Specialization Index (TSI) were then calculated to determine comparative and competitive advantages, respectively. In addition, the Constant Market Share (CMS) technique was also used to identify factors that affect competitiveness of those products. The results show printing-writing paper and chemical wood pulp had an extremely strong comparative advantage (RCA index > 2,50), newsprint a moderate to strong comparative advantage (0,89 < RCA index ≤ 1,70), and other paper-paperboard a weak comparative advantage (0,63 < indeks RCA ≤ 0,92). Further, TSI indicated newsprint (0,84 ≤ TSI ≤ 0,99) and printing-writing paper (0,84 ≤ TSI ≤ 0,93) were in a maturation stage, chemical wood pulp in an export expansion stage (0,39 ≤ TSI ≤ 0,58) and other paper-paperboard in an import substitution stage (-0,14 ≤ TSI ≤ 0,16). In order of importance, world market growth, competitiveness, and product composition were the influential factors that affect Indonesia’s pulp and paper products competitiveness.Keywords: pulp and paper, competitiveness, revealed comparative advantage, trade specialization index, constant market share

Analisis Levelized Cost of Energy Pelet Kayu (Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of Wood Pellet) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Ganesha SJ Silalahi; Mohammad DG Maulana; Elisa GT Manurung; Vera J Sitanggang; Armansyah H Tambunan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The availability of fossil energy resources as an input of production is limited and eventually will be rare. One of potential alternative energy that is recently developed to partly substitute fossil fuels based energy is wood pellet. The objective of this research was to analyze the levelized cost of energy (LCoE) of wood pellet made from wood processing residues. LCoE was the minimum energy prices that should be sold for an energy project to break even. The LCoE of wood pelet was obtained about IDR 259 per kWh or USD 0.02 per kWh. This LCoE value is lower than the LCoE of fossil fuels. It is indicating that energy derived from wood pellet is a very competitive.Keywords: LCoE, renewable energy, wood pellet, wood industry, wood residues

Analisis Penawaran dan Permintaan Kayu Bulat untuk Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Industri Kayu Lapis, Kayu Gergaji dan Pulp di Indonesia Erwinsyah Erwinsyah; Harianto Harianto; Bonar M. Sinaga; Bintang C.H. Simangunsong
Sosio e-Kons Vol 9, No 2 (2017): Sosio e-Kons
Publisher : Universitas Indraprasta PGRI

ABSTRACT In the last three decades the forestry sector has been given an important contribution to the economy of Indonesia, and during the period year 1993-2005, it contributed from 1.7 to 3.1 percent. To maintain this contribution, it is needed to have a continuation raw material input, Roundwood. Some studies showed that the supply of raw material for wood-based primary industries such as plywood, sawn timber, and pulp in Indonesia are still continuing. Therefore it needs to know the characteristic supply and demand of the wood-based industry by predicting the elasticity. This paper will discuss elasticity supply and demand of the input market of Roundwood from natural and plantation forests and output market of plywood, sawn timber and pulp. Data used for this study is time series, from the year 1995 until the year 2009. The estimation of the econometric model used in this study was simultaneous (2SLS) equation or ordinary least squares (OLS) if the 2SLS model is not working. Data processed by the Rats processing program. All predicted parameter then evaluated and checked in accordance with the economic theory. However, not all predicted elasticity resulted from this study were used. For those could not use that data taken from references. Demand elasticity of Roundwood from natural forests and plantation forests are mostly priced inelastic.Keywords: wood-based industry, supply, demand, estimation of econometric models, elasticity. ABSTRAK Dalam tiga dekade terakhir sektor kehutanan telah memberikan kontribusi penting bagi perekonomian Indonesia, dan selama rentang waktu tahun 1993-2005, memberikan kontribusi 1.7 sampai 3.1 persen. Untuk mempertahankan nilai ini, diperlukan keberlanjutan penyediaan kebutuhan bahan baku, kayu bulat. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan bahan baku bagi industri primer berbasis kayu seperti kayu lapis, kayu gergaji dan pulp di Indonesia masih berjalan. Oleh karena itu perlu untuk diketahui kharakteristik penawaran dan permintaan industri primer berbasis kayu melalui nilai penduga elastisitasnya. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai elastisitas penawaran dan elastisitas permintaan pasar input kayu bulat yang berasal dari hutan alam dan hutan tanaman, dan pasar output kayu lapis, kayu gergaji dan pulp. Data yang digunakan dalam rentang tahun 1995 sampai dengan tahun 2009. Model dugaan ekonometrik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah persamaan simultan (2SLS) atau ordinary least squares (OLS) apabila 2SLS tidak dapat digunakan. Pengolahan data menggunakan program RATS. Keseluruhan nilai parameter dugaan selanjutnya dievaluasi dan diperiksa berdasarkan teori ekonomi. Namun demikian, tidak semua nilai dugaan elastisitas yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini digunakan. Nilai yang tidak dapat digunakan kemudian dicari nilai penggantinya yang diperoleh dari berbagai referensi. Elastisitas permintaan permintaaan kayu bulat yang berasal dari hutan alam dan hutan tanaman adalah inelastis.Kata kunci: industri berbasis kayu, penawaran, permintaan, model dugaan ekonometrik, elastisitas

Does Gap Opening and Planting to Rehabilitate the Degraded Tropical Natural Forests Affect the Forest Composition and Structure? Elias; Bintang C. H. Simangunsong
Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika Vol. 28 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.28.3.292

By 2020, there were 33.4 million ha of degraded forests in Indonesia. If it is not rehabilitated, there will be land-use changes that significantly affect its biodiversity and environment. Gap opening and planting is an important silvicultural regeneration method to rehabilitate degraded tropical natural forests. We studied the subject in a 10 ha degraded lowland tropical natural forest in Central Borneo, Indonesia. The study aims to compare the composition and structure of degraded tropical natural forests before and after gap opening and planting. The methods used consist of 1) gap opening and planting with a proportion of the total gap area to the total degraded natural forest area of 40%; 2) vegetation analysis to assess the composition and structure of forest. The results showed that the gap opening and planting activities led to a decrease in the density of seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees, and cause loss of two species at seedling level and one species at sapling level. The analysis results of the stand structure and species composition, index of species diversity, species evenness index, and community similarity index before and after gap opening and planting of the degraded forest in the study area of 10 ha showed that there is no changes of these variables. These results showed that the use of the gap opening and planting method in the rehabilitation of degraded forests is able to maintain the stability of species composition and stand structure, species diversity, species evenness, and forest communities. In conclusion, the study provided significant empirical results on the composition and structure of degraded tropical natural forests before and after gap opening and planting, which would be instrumental for the development of rehabilitation strategies. It is recommended that the rehabilitation of degraded tropical natural forests in Indonesia can be carried out using the gap opening and planting method.

Analisis Daya Saing Produk Bambu Indonesia di Pasar Internasional Vera Junita BR Sitanggang; Maria S. T. Simbolon; Bintang C. H. Simangunsong
JURNAL ILMU-ILMU KEHUTANAN Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jiik.7.1.39-48

Indonesia is the third richest country in Asia on bamboo resources. In Indonesia, bamboo has been widely used to substitute wood on many applications and also exported in certains bamboo products, such as sticks (used primarily for plaiting), charcoals, flooring, plywood, mats and screens, plaits and plaiting articles, pulp, and paper articles. This research aimed to analyse comparative and competitive advantages of Indonesian bamboo products in international market, including the factors effect its export growth on the period 2013 to 2017. Analysis was conducted under techniques RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage), TSI (Trade Specialization Index) and CMS (Constant Market Share). Overall, the results showed that bamboo sticks and bamboo charcoals had strong and mature competitive advantages. However, bamboo flooring, bamboo plywood, bamboo mats and screens, and bamboo plaits and plaiting articles had weak competitive advantages and were on growing phase. Bamboo pulp and paper articles had had strong competitive advantages, but it was lessening to the phase of re-importing. The results of CMS analysis showed that commodity composition factor had positively affected export growth, while standard growth and competitiveness factors gave negative effect to Indonesian bamboo export growth.

Co-Authors ., Harianto Ahyar Ismail, Ahyar Armansyah H Tambunan Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan Bonar M. Sinaga Bonar M. Sinaga Bonar M. Sinaga BONAR M. SINAGA Djoko Wahjono Dodi Nandika DUDUNG DARUSMAN EG Togu Manurung Elias Elisa GT Manurung Elizabeth R Simangunsong Endang Suhendang Endang Suhendang Endang Suhendang Endartya Nur SOLIHAH Erwinsyah Erwinsyah Erwinsyah Erwinsyah Erwinsyah, Erwinsyah Evelin Parera Exas DL Gaol Ganesha SJ Silalahi Ginting, Thasia Harianto Harianto Herry Purnomo Istomo . Karina A Wilma Maria S. T. Simbolon Mohamad Miftah Rahman Mohammad DG Maulana Muhdin Prastowo Prastowo Pudja Mardi utomo Pudja Mardi utomo Rizka A Wulandari Rusman Sinaga Satria Astana Satria Astana Soedomo, Sudarsono Vera J Sitanggang Vera Junita BR Sitanggang Wasrin Syafii dan Kurnia Sofyan Gustan Pari Buchari

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