Thinni Nurul Rochmah
(1) Departemen Administrasi Dan Kebijakan Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga (2) Kelompok Riset Pusat Kebijakan Kesehatan Airlangga

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Penerapan Program Sepuluh Langkah Kesehatan untuk Peningkatan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif: Model Evaluasi CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) Fatmawati, Novianti Indah; Rochmah, Thinni Nurul; Wulandari, Anis; Pramono, Andini Yulina
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 6, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (652.136 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v6i3.521

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the ten steps to successful breastfeeding policy implementation as the basis to enhance the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding practices in the Kediri District. This study was an evaluative study using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model. There were seven inpatient primary healthcare centres involved in this study. Respondents in this study were the head and staff of primary healthcare centres and all midwives. The results show that based on the context evaluation, the objective of the policy implementation reached 77.6%. The input evaluation showed that the infrastructure and facilities, as well as the health personnel’ support, was not adequate with a value of 56.4%. In terms of the process evaluation, the primary healthcare centres have not carried out formulating the policy and forming supporting groups for breastfeeding with a score of 73.9%. In the product evaluation, exclusive breastfeeding decreased in 2018 and stay behind the trend in the past four years. It has not met the target of a strategic plan formulated by the regional government. In conclusion, the policy of ten steps to successful breastfeeding in the inpatient primary healthcare centres has not been implemented well. It is recommended that the local government should formulate regulations about exclusive breastfeeding. The District Health Office should socialize the ten steps to successful breastfeeding and include it in the assessed elements in the accreditation of primary healthcare centres. Moreover, the District Health Office should guide and give rewards to health facilities, as well as a guide to the health-related organization by cooperating with baby milk producers and improve the knowledge and skills of health personnel about breastfeeding counselling.  Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sepuluh langkah keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan ASI sebagai dasar untuk meningkatkan pencapaian praktik ASI eksklusif di Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluatif dengan model CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product). Ada tujuh Puskesmas rawat inap yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala atau  staf puskesmas (7 orang) dan seluruh bidan (94 orang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan evaluasi konteks, berupa tujuan pelaksanaan kebijakan tercapai 77,6%. Evaluasi masukan menunjukkan bahwa sarana dan prasarana serta dukungan tenaga kesehatan kurang memadai, hanya tercapai 56,4%. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi proses, Puskesmas belum melakukan perumusan kebijakan dan pembentukan kelompok pendukung ASI, sehingga capaiannya hanya 73,9%. Evaluasi produk, pemberian ASI eksklusif menurun pada tahun 2018 dan tertinggal dari tren selama empat tahun terakhir. Target rencana strategis yang disusun oleh pemerintah daerah belum terpenuhi. Kesimpulan: kebijakan sepuluh langkah keberhasilan menyusui di Puskesmas rawat inap belum terlaksana dengan baik. Disarankan agar pemerintah daerah menyusun regulasi tentang ASI eksklusif. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten hendaknya mensosialisasikan kesepuluh langkah sukses menyusui dan memasukkannya ke dalam elemen penilaian dalam akreditasi Puskesmas. Selain itu, dibutuhkan pembentukan kelompok KP-ASI di masyarakat.
Analysis of Obedience Factors of Distribution Facilities in Distributing Cosmetics in East Java Agustina, Pipin Eri; Pristianty, Liza; Rochmah, Thinni Nurul
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1: March, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (728.52 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v7i1.784

Abstract

Cosmetics that have no Marketing Authorization Number (MAN) can harm people's health. This study aimed to analyze the factors that affect the obedience of cosmetics distribution facilities in distributing cosmetics that have MAN in East Java-based on Niven's theory (understanding the instructions, quality of interaction, beliefs, attitudes, personality, social isolation) and Milgram's theory (the status of the facilities, personal responsibility, the legitimacy of authority figures, the status of authority figures, peer support, the proximity of authority figures). This study was a cross-sectional study, using a validated questionnaire. 179 participants were chosen using simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) (p= 0.05). The factor based on Niven's theory that has a significant relationship with obedience is personality (p=0.001). The factors based on Milgram's theory that have a significant relationship with obedience are the legitimacy of authority figures (p=0.025) and peer support (p=0.000). Whereas, understanding the instructions, quality of interaction, beliefs, attitudes, social isolation, the status of facilities, personal responsibility, the status of authority figures, and the proximity of authority figures have no correlation. Milgram’s theory more affects obedience than Niven’s theory. Various kinds of education and monitoring evaluation of distribution facilities were implemented to improve obedience.  Abstrak: Kosmetik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting tetapi juga dapat membahayakan kesehatan apabila kosmetik tersebut tidak memiliki nomor izin edar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor kepatuhan sarana distribusi dalam mengedarkan kosmetika yang memiliki nomor izin edar di Jawa Timur berdasarkan Teori Niven (pemahaman tentang instruksi, kualitas interaksi, keyakinan, sikap, kepribadian, isolasi sosial) dan Teori Milgram (status sarana, tanggungjawab pribadi, legitimasi figur otoritas, status figur otoritas, kedekatan figur otoritas). Jenis penelitian observasional dengan desain studi cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 179 responden dipilih secara simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian adalah kuesioner yang sudah divalidasi. Analisis data statistik menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) (p= 0.05). Faktor berdasarkan Teori Niven yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan adalah kepribadian (p=0,001). Faktor berdasarkan Teori Milgram yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan adalah legitimasi figur otoritas (p=0,025) dan dukungan rekan (p= 0,000). Sedangkan pemahaman tentang instruksi (p=0,513), kualitas interaksi (p=0,860), keyakinan (p=0,064), sikap (p=0,597), isolasi sosial (p= 0,333), status sarana (p=0,504), tanggungjawab pribadi (p=0,707), status figur otoritas (p=0,060), dan kedekatan figur otoritas (p=0,072) tidak memiliki hubungan  signifikan terhadap kepatuhan. Teori Milgram lebih mempengaruhi kepatuhan daripada Teori Niven. Upaya untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dilakukan melalui berbagai macam edukasi dan evaluasi monitoring sarana distribusi kosmetika.
Cost Control Recommendation Based on Activity-Based Management: A Case Study from Decreasing Opportunity Cost of National Health Insurance Rakhmawati, Lutfiana; Wijaya, Sony; Damayanti, Nyoman Anita; Rochmah, Thinni Nurul
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (618.859 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v8i1.1642

Abstract

Background:  Opportunity cost is a loss caused by either income or other activities that are not carried out and can potentially be lost due to waiting for prescription services.  In the hospitals in Surabaya, it is known that, the waiting time for patient prescription services that utilize national health insurance in outpatient pharmacies exceeds the minimum service standards. Aims:  to analyse the opportunity loss and cost of patients utilizing the National Health Insurance from prescription service activities in which the recommendation cost control can be designed. Methods: A case study using an observational approach has been applied concerning activity-based management theory for defining non-value-added activities. Opportunity cost is converting the waiting time for prescription services to the income lost while waiting for the prescription. 120 patients who use national health insurance for obtaining prescriptions were recruited. Data were analysed using an observational table and calculated the service process and activity process. Results: Patient's opportunity loss for concoction drugs is 75.01 minutes, chronic non-concoction drugs are 71.14 minutes and non-chronic finished drugs are 46.3 minutes. The patient average opportunity cost based on the type of work and clustered by diseases, namely civil servants (IDR. 125,088 for Concoction Medicine), Pensioners (IDR. 87,800 for all typical medicine), housewives (IDR. 146,500 for all typical medicine), private employees (IDR. 136,878.20 for Concoction Medicine), and self-employed (IDR. 172,624.45 for Concoction Medicine). Conclusions:  The findings suggest the recommendation for cost control through optimizing cost management and procurement of incentive programs if opportunity costs fall.Abstrak: Latar Belakang: Opportunity cost adalah kerugian yang disebabkan oleh pendapatan atau kegiatan lain yang tidak dilakukan dan berpotensi hilang karena menunggu jasa resep.  Di rumah sakit di Surabaya, diketahui bahwa, waktu tunggu layanan resep pasien yang memanfaatkan jaminan kesehatan nasional di apotek rawat jalan melebihi standar pelayanan minimal. Tujuan: untuk menganalisis kehilangan peluang dan biaya pasien yang menggunakan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dari kegiatan layanan resep di mana kontrol biaya rekomendasi dapat dirancang.  Metode: Studi kasus menggunakan pendekatan observasional telah diterapkan mengenai teori manajemen berbasis aktivitas untuk mendefinisikan kegiatan non-nilai tambah. Biaya peluang didefinisikan sebagai mengubah waktu tunggu untuk layanan resep menjadi pendapatan yang hilang saat menunggu resep. 120 pasien yang menggunakan asuransi kesehatan nasional untuk mendapatkan resep direkrut. Data dianalisis menggunakan tabel observasional dan dihitung proses pelayanan dan proses kegiatan.  Hasil: Peluang kerugian P atient untuk obat racikan adalah 75,01 menit, obat non-racikan kronis adalah 71,14 menit dan obat jadi non-kronis adalah 46,3 menit. Rata-rata biaya kesempatan pasien based pada jenis pekerjaan dan dikelompokkan oleh penyakit, yaitu pegawai negeri sipil (IDR.  125.088 untuk Obat Ramuan), Pensiunan (IDR.  87.800 untuk semua obat khas), ibu rumah tangga (IDR. 146.500 untuk semua obat khas), karyawan swasta (IDR.  136.878. 20 untuk Obat Ramuan), dan wiraswasta (IDR. 172.624. 45 untuk Obat Ramuan). Kesimpulan: Temuan menunjukkan rekomendasi untuk pengendalian biaya melalui optimalisasi manajemen biaya dan pengadaan program insentif jika biaya peluang turun.
Applying Milgram’s Theory and Health Belief Model in Understanding Compliance to Health Protocols of Covid-19 Pandemic Ernawaty, Ernawaty; Rochmah, Thinni Nurul; Afro, Rahmafika Cinthya; Dewi, Maya Sari; Wulandari, Anggun
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1: March, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (674.181 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v7i1.897

Abstract

COVID19 pandemic has significantly changed the world and human's normal life into a new normal life. World Health Organization had recommended early in the pandemic for the people to wear a face mask, keep a distance at a minimum of 1 meter between individuals and practice frequent handwashing with soap. Compliance with health protocols in the COVID-19 pandemic may be influenced by external factors and internal factors i.e., individual perception, knowledge, attitude, beliefs and intentions. This study aimed to compare Milgram's compliance theory and HBM concerning the community’s compliance to the health protocols of COVID-19 prevention. An online survey for a cross-sectional study had been conducted among the community in East Java province in 2020 which had obtained a total of   350 respondents. The results showed some internal factors in Milgram Theory such as region status, personal responsibility, support between communities, and relationship of heads of villages with the community had significantly influenced compliance to health protocols. Meanwhile, internal factors in HBM Theory which include perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action had also a significant influence on the community’s compliance with health protocols. The internal factors in HBM Theory were more influential on the community's compliance compared to the external factors in Milgram Theory. Based on this, the government and other related parties who are responsible for improving community awareness and understanding on the need to comply with health protocols could apply the internal factors as stipulated in the HBM. The community awareness on the internal factors could also be a success factor in declining the case fatality rate (CFR) from Covid 19 infection.
Comparison between Milgram’s and Niven’s Obedience Theory on Nurses in Obedience using Personal Protective Equipment Andini, Fauziah Rizki; Rochmah, Thinni Nurul; Makalew, Linda Augustien; Dewi, Maya Sari; Bilqis, Nabilah
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1: March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (677.327 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v8i1.1373

Abstract

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a protection tool from potential hazards in the workplace. Low nurse obedience to using PPE at hospitals can increase the occurrence of work accidents. Nurse obedience to using PPE can be seen from the external factors suggested in Milgram's theory and internal factors explained in Niven's theory. This study aimed to compare nurse obedience to using PPE through the analyses of Milgram’s and Niven's theories. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The population of this study was 187 nurses in the inpatient installation of Dr. R. Sosodoro Djatikoesoemo Bojonegoro Hospital. A sample of 113 nurses were then selected to be the respondents. The influence test was performed using linear regression. Based on Milgram's theory, external factors were more dominant in controlling obedience to using PPE. The external factors that had a significant effect included location status, proximity to authority figures, and the legitimacy of authority figures. Meanwhile, Niven's theory showed only one internal factor, understanding instruction, significantly influenced nurse obedience to use PPE. Therefore, it is recommended to formulate regulations and a more binding system through rewards and punishment to increase nurse obedience to using PPE. Abstrak: Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) merupakan alat yang melindungi diri dari potensi bahaya di tempat kerja. Rendahnya kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD di rumah sakit dapat meningkatkan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD dapat dilihat dari faktor eksternal yang dikemukakan dalam teori Milgram dan faktor internal yang dijelaskan dalam teori Niven. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD melalui analisis teori Milgram dan Niven. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 187 perawat di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. R. Sosodoro Djatikoesoemo Bojonegoro. Sampel sebanyak 113 perawat kemudian dipilih menjadi responden. Uji pengaruh dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi linier. Berdasarkan teori Milgram, faktor eksternal lebih dominan dalam mengontrol kepatuhan penggunaan APD. Faktor eksternal yang berpengaruh signifikan antara lain status lokasi, kedekatan dengan figur otoritas, dan legitimasi figur otoritas. Sedangkan teori Niven hanya menunjukkan satu faktor internal yaitu pemahaman instruksi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan untuk merumuskan peraturan dan sistem yang lebih mengikat melalui reward and punishment untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD.
The Effect of Willingness to Pay on Customer Preferences for Health Insurance Membership: A Systematic Review Vivilia Dian Mustikasari; Ayu Nur Malasari; Thinni Nurul Rochmah; Kantrey Sugiarto
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 8, No 3: September 2023
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v8i3.2052

Abstract

The community's access to healthcare services is ensured by health insurance, which is a critical element in health finance. Insurance for health can shield you from expensive medical bills that can strain family's budget. This systematic review intended to examine customer preferences for health insurance membership based on their willingness to pay. Four electronic databases served as the information's sources (ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Scopus, and Proquest). The PECOS Framework approach and certain keywords and synonyms were utilized in the search strategy to find publications published between 2011 and 2023. The data extraction, data synthesis, and deductive analysis were carried out on sixteen papers that matched the eligibility requirements. The findings demonstrated that customer preferences for health insurance membership are influenced by willingness to pay, with criteria including education, income, and medical history having a favorable impact. Health insurance managers must be aware of the variables that influence willingness to pay in order to increase membership coverage.
Analysis of Organizational Factors on Patient Safety Culture at The Nganjuk General District Hospital Djazuly Chalidyanto; Siti Fatonah; Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin; Thinni Nurul Rochmah
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 7, No 2: June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (678.481 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v7i2.966

Abstract

This study aimed to analyse the influence of organizational factors on patient safety culture at the Nganjuk General District Hospital. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design conducted from February 15 to March 14, 2020. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to 276 staff from 22 work units that provided direct services to patients. Secondary data were obtained from the profile and the Quality and Patient Safety Improvement Report of the Nganjuk General District Hospital in 2019. A cross-tabulation table was employed to analyze the influence of independent and dependent variables on patient safety culture with a percentage difference of less than 20%. The results showed that the majority of respondents were women (68.8%), had an associate degree III or equivalent education (57.6%), and had received training on patient safety (97.8%). The results of the cross-tabulation showed that organizational factors had an influence on patient safety culture at the Hospital. It is recommended that the Hospital pay attention to aspects that may affect patient safety culture since several work units still had a poor implementation of patient safety culture. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh faktor organisasi terhadap budaya keselamatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nganjuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancang bangun cross sectional pada 15 Februari sampai dengan 14 Maret 2020. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan panduan kuisioner pada 276 staf dari 22unit kerja yang memberikan pelayanan langsung kepada pasien.Data sekunder diperoleh dari profil RSUD Nganjuk dan laporan Komite PMKP RSUD Nganjuk tahun 2019. Analisis pengaruh menggunakan tabel tabulasi silang (cross tabulation) dengan selisih persentase kurang dari 20% antara variabel independen dan dependen.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (68,8%), memiliki pendidikan D3/sederajat (57,6%), dan telah mendapatkan pelatihan tentang keselamatan pasien (97,8%). Hasil tabulasi silang menunjukkan adanya pengaruh antara faktor organisasi terhadap budaya keselamatan pasien di RSUD Nganjuk.Disarankan RSUD Nganjuk kembali memperhatikan aspek-aspek yang dapat mempengaruhi budaya keselamatan pasien, mengingat masih terdapat beberapa unit kerja yang memiliki penilaian kurang terkait dengan aspek yang mempengaruhi budaya keselamatan pasien.
ANALISIS KERUGIAN PRODUKTIVITAS PASIEN KATARAK DI RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA DI SURABAYA Linta Meyla Putri; Afif Kurniawan; Marline Merke Mamesah; Thinni Nurul Rochmah; Ernawaty
MAINTEKKES : The Journal of Management Information and Health Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2023): Juni
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Kartini Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Gangguan penglihatan dan kebutaan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk menganalisis productivity loss pasien katarak di rumah sakit mata swasta di Kota Surabaya. Jenispenelitian ini observasional analitik yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 142 pasienRS Mata Swasta di Kota Surabaya. Rata-rata biaya produktivitas yang hilang per pasien katarak pada RSMata Swasta adalah sebesar Rp 708.383 per pasien, dan nilai total productivity loss Rp 20.131.011.Productivity loss akibat katarak per pasien berkisar antara Rp 708.838, atau sebesar 8% pendapatan rata-ratasesuai UMR di Kota Surabaya. Beban ekonomi akibat penyakit katarak tidak hanya berupa biaya pengobatansaja, namun juga beban ekonomi karena hilangnya produktivitas kerja, absen pekerjaan, dan biayatransportasi yang dikeluarkan untuk menuju ke pelayanan kesehatan. Beban ekonomi akibat penyakit kataraktidak hanya berupa biaya pengobatan saja, namun juga beban ekonomi karena hilangnya produktivitas kerja,absen pekerjaan, dan biaya transportasi yang dikeluarkan untuk menuju ke pelayanan kesehatan.Kata kunci: Katarak; ekonomi Kesehatan; beban ekonomi
Co-Authors Afif Kurniawan Afifah Nasyahta Dila Afro, Rahmafika Cinthya Agustina, Pipin Eri Alissa Sita Pertiwi Anang Endaryanto Andini Yulina Pramono Andini, Fauziah Rizki Andri Sofa Armani Anggun Wulandari Anggun Wulandari, Anggun Anis Wulandari Anis Wulandari, Anis Annisa Fitria Aqsha Yuldan Arifada Ashri Nur Istiqomah Atika Binti Utari Ayu Kumalasari Ayu Nur Malasari Bangun Trapsila Purwaka Bilqis, Nabilah Candra Setyawati Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa Dewi Retno Suminar Dinda Rahmaniar Djazuly Chalidyanto Djazuly Chalidyanto Elita Halimsetiono Eriska Haning Ernawaty Ernawaty Ernawaty Ernawaty Ernawaty Farida Ilmah Fatmawati, Novianti Indah Ghea Sekar Palupi Herti Maryani I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana Imas Sayyidati Hadidah Ira Ummu Aimanah Iwan Setiawan Kantrey Sugiarto Lailatul Maghfiroh Linta Meyla Putri Liza Pristianty Makalew, Linda Augustien Marline Merke Mamesah Martha, Tiara Sandi Ayu Diea Maya Sari Dewi Maya Sari Dewi, Maya Sari Maya Weka Santi Maya Weka Santi Maznah Dahlui Merryana Andriani Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin Muhammad Noor Fakhruzzaman Ni Ketut Ardani Novianti Indah Fatmawati Nuzulul Kusuma Putri Nyoman Anita Damayanti Pipin Eri Agustina Pramono, Andini Yulina Rahmafika Cinthya Afro Rakhmawati, Lutfiana Sinta Dewi Lestyoningrum Siti Fatonah Stefania Widya Setyaningtyas Susi Hidayah Titik Maimanah Trias Mahmudiono Ulfia Hazna Safira Umi Athiyah Vivilia Dian Mustikasari Widodo Jatim Pudjirahardjo Wijaya, Sony Yayuk Estuningsih YOHANES WAHYU WALUYO Yurike D Adhela