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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Reaktor JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA Journal of Nutrition College Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Medical Journal of Indonesia Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Paediatrica Indonesiana GIZI INDONESIA Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan
Mohammad Sulchan
Department Of Nutrition, University Of Diponegoro Medical Faculty
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Dietary plant food and socioeconomic determinants of vitamin A status : study in rural lactating woman during crisis in Central Java Sulchan, Mohammad; Satoto, Satoto
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 15, No 4 (2006): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.019 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v15i4.247

Abstract

For the Longer term food-based approaches for controlling vitamin A deficiency and its consequences, become increasingly important. A nutrition survailance system in Central-Java, Indonesia assessed vitamin A intake and serum retinol concentration of lactating women with a child ≤36 mo old during crisis. Median vitamin A intake was 319 RE/d and night blindness 0,34%. Serum retinol concentration (mean : 1,23 µmol/L) was related to vitamin A intake in a dose-concentration manner. The multiple logistic regression model for predicting the chance for a serum retinol concentration > observed median of the population (≥1,27 µ mol/L) included determinant factors, vitamin A intake from plant foods (OR [95% CI] per quartile, 1st : 1.00, 2nd: 1,63 [0,99-2,80], 3rd: 1,99 [1,58-2,99], and 4th: 2,62 [1,68-4,04], from, animal foods (1st and 2nd: 1,00. 3rd: 1,37 [0,89-2,09] and 4th: 2,86 [1,59-3,98] ). Homegardening (no 1,00, yes 1,88 [1,08-2,68] ) and woman’s education level (≤ primary school : 1,00 ≥ secondary school : 1,46 [1,00-2,16] ). Thus, although contributing 16 times more to total vitamin A intake plant foods were as important for vitamin A status as animal foods. Homegardening and woman’s education level seem to reflect longer-term consumption of plant and animal foods respectively. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:259-66)Keywords: Vitamin A intake, plant foods, animal foods, vitamin A status, homegardening, socio-economic status, crisis, Indonesia
Effect of tempe gembus on cholesterol profile in hyperlipidemic rats Sulchan, Mohammad; Rukmi, MG I.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 16, No 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (165.704 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.281

Abstract

Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease has become a prominent health problem in Indonesia. High blood lipid level is considered to be among the risk factors, that can be controlled by dietary treatment. Like tempe kedele, tempe gembus, a nutritious food, is known to contain many substances that is able to influence blood lipid level. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various concentrations of tempe gembus on blood lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats. Tempe gembus were given in variations of 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% (w/w). The result of this study showed that 0% tempe gembus decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol level, and cholesterol HDL/LDL ratio, and increased LDL cholesterol level. Four percent tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio; 8% tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio; 12% tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio. However, a significant effect of tempe gembus were only the decrease in total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol (8% and 12% treatment), and increase in cholesterol HDL/ LDL ratio only happend in 8 % treatment. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:205-11)Keywords: total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride
KONTRIBUSI MAKANAN JAJAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP KEJADIAN OBESITAS PADA REMAJA DI KOTA SEMARANG Pramono, Adriyan; Sulchan, Mohammad
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 37, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v37i2.158

Abstract

Kejadian obesitas pada remaja meningkat di Indonesia. Peningkatan derajat kemakmuran berkorelasi dengan perubahan gaya hidup. Remaja lebih gemar jajan diluar rumah dan tidak banyak melakukan aktivitas fisik rutin seperti olah raga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi makanan dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas pada remaja di Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol (1:1). Dengan teknik acak sederhana, sejumlah 148 remaja usia 12 – 15 tahun menjadi subjek penelitian setelah melalui screening status gizi. Penentuan obesitas didasarkan pada persentil IMT/U 95 persentil. Data asupan makanan jajanan dan aktivitas fisik diperoleh melalui wawancara kuesioner terstruktur. Uji hubungan dua variabel dilakukan dengan chi square. Uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengetahui variabel paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian obesitas Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kontribusi makanan western fast food, makanan jajanan lokal dan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap obesitas (P 0,05). Model akhir regresi logistic menunjukkan kontribusi makanan jajan lokal yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan memberi risiko masing masing sebesar 3,2 kali dan 5,1 kali menyebabkan obesitas pada remaja. Dapat disimpulankan bahwa makanan jajan yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan berkontribusi terhadap kejadian obesitas remaja ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTIONS OF STREET FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO ADOLESCENT OBESITY IN SEMARANG CITY The prevalence of adolescents obesity increased from time to time in Indonesia. Increasing of prosperity is correlated with changes in lifestyle. The lifestyles adopted among adolescents are interested  to buy eating street foods outside home and lack of physical activity as a result of high techology and spend more time outside home. The objective of the study is to study the contribution of street foods and physical activity to adolescents obesity in Semarang. This study is an observational study with case-control design (1case and 1 control). Simple random sampling was applied  after screening of nutritional status. A number of 148 adolescents aged 12-15 years became subjects of the study. Determination of obesity based on BMI percentile by age 95 percentile. Dietary intake of western fast foods, street foods and physical activity was obtained through interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Chi square test was performed to analyzed association between dependent and independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most influential variables on adolescents obesity. The results showed that there is a significant association between dietary western fast foods, local street foods and physical activity levels to adolescents obesity (P 0.05). Logistic regression showed that local street foods 300 kcal and light physical activity contributed 3.2 times and 5.1 times  to adolescents obesity. In conclusion, street foods contained more than  300 kcal and light physical activity contributed to adolescent obesityKeywords:  street foods, adolescents obesity, physical activity
KONTRIBUSI MAKANAN JAJAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP KEJADIAN OBESITAS PADA REMAJA DI KOTA SEMARANG Pramono, Adriyan; Sulchan, Mohammad
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 37, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (253.566 KB)

Abstract

Kejadian obesitas pada remaja meningkat di Indonesia. Peningkatan derajat kemakmuran berkorelasi dengan perubahan gaya hidup. Remaja lebih gemar jajan diluar rumah dan tidak banyak melakukan aktivitas fisik rutin seperti olah raga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi makanan dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas pada remaja di Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol (1:1). Dengan teknik acak sederhana, sejumlah 148 remaja usia 12 – 15 tahun menjadi subjek penelitian setelah melalui screening status gizi. Penentuan obesitas didasarkan pada persentil IMT/U > 95 persentil. Data asupan makanan jajanan dan aktivitas fisik diperoleh melalui wawancara kuesioner terstruktur. Uji hubungan dua variabel dilakukan dengan chi square. Uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengetahui variabel paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian obesitas Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kontribusi makanan western fast food, makanan jajanan lokal dan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap obesitas (P< 0,05). Model akhir regresi logistic menunjukkan kontribusi makanan jajan lokal yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan memberi risiko masing masing sebesar 3,2 kali dan 5,1 kali menyebabkan obesitas pada remaja. Dapat disimpulankan bahwa makanan jajan yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan berkontribusi terhadap kejadian obesitas remaja ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTIONS OF STREET FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO ADOLESCENT OBESITY IN SEMARANG CITY The prevalence of adolescents obesity increased from time to time in Indonesia. Increasing of prosperity is correlated with changes in lifestyle. The lifestyles adopted among adolescents are interested  to buy eating street foods outside home and lack of physical activity as a result of high techology and spend more time outside home. The objective of the study is to study the contribution of street foods and physical activity to adolescents obesity in Semarang. This study is an observational study with case-control design (1case and 1 control). Simple random sampling was applied  after screening of nutritional status. A number of 148 adolescents aged 12-15 years became subjects of the study. Determination of obesity based on BMI percentile by age > 95 percentile. Dietary intake of western fast foods, street foods and physical activity was obtained through interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Chi square test was performed to analyzed association between dependent and independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most influential variables on adolescents obesity. The results showed that there is a significant association between dietary western fast foods, local street foods and physical activity levels to adolescents obesity (P <0.05). Logistic regression showed that local street foods > 300 kcal and light physical activity contributed 3.2 times and 5.1 times  to adolescents obesity. In conclusion, street foods contained more than  300 kcal and light physical activity contributed to adolescent obesityKeywords:  street foods, adolescents obesity, physical activity
The Combination of Probiotic and Calcium Carbonate Decrease Monocyte Count of End-Stage Renal Disease Patient Yulistianingsih, Ari; Sulchan, Mohammad; Maryusman, Taufik; Chasani, Shofa
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 13, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v13i3.10732

Abstract

Elevated monocyte count is correlated to the decrease of renal function and disease progressivity on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Probiotic that utilize lactobacillus species is known to play a role in maintaining imunity system balance by inducing the monocyte apoptosis. The combination between probiotic and calcium carbonate could increase probiotic colonization in the gatrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of probiotic and calcium carbonate combination toward reduction of monocyte count on ESRD patient at Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Bogor Hospital. This study was true experimental research with randomized pre-post test control group design. Twenty four ESRD patient were randomly enrolled into treatment group (n=12) and control (n=12). The treatment group received probiotic and calcium carbonate, whereas control group received standardized calcium carbonate for 21 days. There was a significant decrease of monocyte (p=0.03) after administration of probiotic and calcium carbonate.
Kadar seng dan kadar malondialdehyde pada penderita multi drug resistant tuberculosis dan tuberkulosis sensitif Suparno, Suparno; Suhartono, Suhartono; Sofro, Muchlis Achsan Udji; Sulchan, Mohammad; Tjahjono, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (403.743 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.7.1.8-14

Abstract

Background: Zinc is the main constituent element of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) which acts to protect cells from inflammation and the toxic effects of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). High ROS production induces fat peroxidation, and forms malondialdehyde (MDA) which causes oxidative stress.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the difference of zinc and malondialdehyde levels among Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis and sensitive Tuberculosis.Methods: Crossectional study with 55 subjects consisted of 32 MDR-TB subjects and 23 subjects TB sensitive. Selection of subjects using consecutive sampling. Zinc and MDA serum was obtained from venous blood. Zinc and MDA concentration were assessed by quantitative colometric and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) respectively. Data were analized statistic by independent t-test and Mann Whitney test.Results: Zinc level of MDR-TB and TB sensitive were 74.85 (64 - 97) μg/dl and 73.03 (63 - 97) μg/dl respectively, while MDA of MDR-TB and sensitive TB were 2.262±1.055 nmol/mL and 2.66±0.992 nmol/mL. There was no significantly different in zinc level between MDR-TB and sensitive TB (p=1.000). Furthermore, there was not significantly different of MDA level between MDR-TB and sensitive Tuberculosis (p=0,147).Conclusion: There are no differences in zinc and MDA levels in patient between MDR-TB and sensitive TB.
Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas lingkar pergelangan tangan sebagai prediktor obesitas dan resistensi insulin pada remaja akhir Fitriyanti, Addina Rizky; Tjahjono, Kusmiyati; Sulchan, Mohammad; Sunarto, Sunarto
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (311.753 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.7.2.121-126

Abstract

Background: Obesity is one of the risk factors for insulin resistance. Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Wrist circumference has the potential for predicting obesity and insulin resistance.Objectives:. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of wrist circumference against obesity and insulin resistance in late adolescents.Methods: The design of this study is a crossectional study with a sample of 85 students at Diponegoro University Semarang. Data collected consisted of anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, wrist circumference, neck circumference, waist circumference and pelvic girth) and blood vein sampling (fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin). Statistical analyses used in this study were Pearson or R Spearman correlation test.Results: Wrist circumference was positively correlated with all biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements except the waist hip ratio. Wrist circumference correlates positively and significantly with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in male adolescents. The results of the ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC value of wrist circumference in male adolescents had better performance in predicting obesity (88% (95% CI, 76% - 100%)) than insulin resistance (81% (95% CI, 51% -100%)).Conclusion: Wrist circumference is one of the anthropometric measurements that can be used for predicting obesity and insulin resistance in late adolescents.
Kadar Serum Selenium Pada Remaja Akhir Usia 17-19 Tahun Berdasarkan Status Obesitas dan Stunting Hidayat, Yusuf; Sulchan, Mohammad; Panunggal, Binar
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 7, No 4 (2018): Oktober
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (559.268 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v7i4.22279

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Remaja yang obesitas dan stunting ditemukan mengalami penurunan kadar selenium di tubuh. Penurunan kadar selenium berdampak terhadap kejadian stress oksidatif yang merupakan prekursor berbagai masalah kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perbedaan kadar serum selenium pada remaja akhir usia 17-19 tahun berdasarkan status obesitas dan stunting.Metode : Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada 88  remaja usia 17-19 tahun yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok berdasarkan status obesitas dan stunting. Obesitas ditentukan dengan nilai WHtR >0.5 untuk perempuan dan >0.51 untuk laki-laki. Stunting ditentukan dengan TB/U >-2 SD. Kadar serum selenium ditentukan menggunakan ICP-OES. Perbedaan kadar serum selenium dianalisis dengan uji Annova.Hasil : Rerata kadar serum selenium pada kelompok stunted-obesity sebesar 277,5±96,4, stunted-non obesity 418±93,4, non stunted-obesity 304±64,9, dan non stunted-non obesity 330±112,2. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar serum selenium pada kelompok.Simpulan : Kadar serum selenium pada seluruh kelompok tergolong lebih tinggi dibanding nilai normal. Kelompok stunted-obesity dan non stunted-obesity memiliki kadar serum selenium yang lebih rendah dibanding kelompok non stunted-non obesity, sedangkan kelompok stunted-non obesity memiliki kadar selenium serum yang lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok non stunted-non obesity.
HUBUNGAN RASIO LP/TB (LINGKAR PINGGANG TERHADAP TINGGI BADAN) DENGAN RASIO KADAR TG/HDL PADA REMAJA OBES SENTRAL Noer, Etika Ratna; Dewi, Luthfia; Tjahjono, Kusmiyati DK; Sulchan, Mohammad; Ardiaria, Martha
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 9, No 2 (2020): April
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (371.041 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v9i2.27487

Abstract

Latar belakang: Penanda aterogenik dan resistensi insulin pada subjek obesitas sentral yang akurat dan aplikatif dapat menggunakan rasio TG/HDL. Penelitian sebelumnya telah banyak diteliti tentang pemeriksaan HOMA-IR pada subjek dengan resistensi insulin. Rasio LP/TB diketahui lebih unggul dalam memprediksi risiko penyakit jantung koroner dibandingkan LP saja karena rasio ini merupakan indeks yang stabil pada ras, umur, dan jenis kelamin berbeda. Saat ini penelitian tentang hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada subjek remaja obes masih terbatas.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada remajadengan obesitas sentral.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Kriteria inklusi meliputi, remaja perempuan atau laki-laki, berusia 19-20 tahun,memiliki IMT > 25kg/m2 dan lingkar pingang >80cm untuk perempuan dan >90 cm untuk laki-laki. Berat badan menggunakan alat bio impedance analyzer. LP diukur menggunakan pita metlin statis. Pengambilan sampel darah untuk TG dan HDL melalui vena, setelah puasa semalam (10 jam) kemudian diuji menggunakan autoanalyzer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson dan Spearman rank test.Hasil: Kami menganalisis pada 56 remaja dengan obesitas sentral. Rerata LP (88,9 ± 8,67cm), kadar TG (105 ± 56,62mg/dL), HDL-c (45,3 ± 12,61mg/dL), rasio LP/TB (0,55 ± 0,04), rasio TG/HDL 2,3 ± 1,42). Ada hubungan signifikan antara rasio LP/TB dengan TG/HGL (r=0,386; p=0,003)Simpulan: Rasio LP/TB tinggi berkorelasi dengan peningkatan rasio TG/HDL-C pada remaja dengan obesitas sentral dan dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal resiko metabolik
Antioxidant activity of soybean and gembus tempeh Sunarti Sunarti; Rosyida Awalia Safitri; Agustina LN Aminin; Mohammad Sulchan; Banundari Rahmawati
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 10, No 1: March 2021
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v10i1.20511

Abstract

Soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh are traditional foods that have long been known in Indonesia, which in a modern way are classified as functional food. Various studies related to the antioxidant activity of soybean and gembus tempeh has been reported. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant capacity of soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh that are circulating in the community. The results of the research are expected to be an evaluation of soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh quality available in the market. The results of this research are expected to be an evaluation of soybean tempeh and gembus tempeh quality available in the market. The research design was a cross-sectional experimental study to measure antioxidants activity of 31 soybeans tempeh and 29 gembus tempeh. Sample of this study was selected through simple random sampling technique. The measurement of antioxidant activity carried out was the 2.2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method; ethanol extraction of 95%. Results revealed that the antioxidant activity of gembus tempeh was significantly higher than soybean tempeh; (32.521; 19.831) vs., (17.016; 13.195), respectively.
Co-Authors Adriyan Pramono Agustina L.N. Aminin Alifiati Fitrikasari Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anjani, Gemala Ari Yulistianingsih Bambang Pramudono Banundari Rahmawati Binar Panunggal Dewi, Luthfia Dyah Ayu Kresnianingrum Etika Ratna Noer Fitriyanti, Addina Rizky Innawati Jusup Kusmiyati Tjahjono Luthfi Kurnia Dewi MARTHA ARDIARIA MG I. Rukmi Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro Natalia Dewi Wardani Nur Rokhati Rimadhani Ulfa Rosyida Awalia Safitri Satoto Satoto Shofa Chasani Sunarti Sunarti Sunarto Sunarto Suparno Suparno Tanjung Ayu Sumekar Taufik Maryusman, Taufik Titik Istirokhatun Titis Hadiati Tjahjono, Kusmiyati DK Yusuf Hidayat