Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
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<![CDATA[The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Gastropods in Marsegu Island, Maluku ]]>
<![CDATA[Bula, Wiwien]]>;
<![CDATA[Leiwakabessy, Fredy]]>;
<![CDATA[Rumahlatu, Dominggus]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.10637
<![CDATA[Gastropods are known to have a wide distribution. They can live in a variety of habitats and influenced by various environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of gastropods and its relationship with the physical and chemical environment of a water. This research was an ecological research with correlational descriptive type. The selection of Marsegu Island was based on the fact that the area is a conservation area, both the forest and sea are frequently visited by tourists. The results of this research showed that there were 22 species of gastropod found in the water of Marsegu Island. The most commonly found was from the genus of Cypraea (5 species). Gastropods found mostly from the family of Strombidae which consisted of 4 genera i.e. Lambis, Canarium, Strombus and Lentigo. The value of gastropod diversity in the three research stations was moderate, 2.93, 2.91 and 2.95 respectively. In addition, there is a correlation between environmental factors and the diversity of gastropods. The simultaneous effect of the independent variables toward the dependent variables can be explained by the magnitude of the determination coefficient (R Square) which was 0528 or 52.8%. Result of this study confirms that the environmental factors greatly affects the diversity of Gastropod in the coastal waters of Marsegu island. The results can provide benefits as control over fishing and coastal pollution due to human activities.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Carica papaya Leaf Juice on Hematology of Mice (Mus musculus) with Anemia ]]>
<![CDATA[Hamidah, Afreni]]>;
<![CDATA[Anggereini, Evita]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurjanah, Nurjanah]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11427
<![CDATA[Anemia is defined as a decrease in haemoglobin concentration and the number of erythrocytes. One source of iron in vegetable is the papaya leaf. This study aimed to determine the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin levels after the application of Carica papaya leaf on mice through the sodium nitrite induction. The research design used was Randomized Design Complete by using five treatments with five repetitions on each treatment. The data measured in this study was number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin levels of rats before being given sodium nitrite, after being given sodium nitrite and after being given papaya leaf juice. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by using variance analysis (ANOVA), and the data that significantly different was then analyzed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that papaya leaf juice significantly affected the increase of erythrocyte number and hemoglobin level. The concentration that gives the best effect in increasing the number of erythrocytes is 50% papaya leaf juice concentration and 25% papaya leaf juice concentration which gives the best effect in increasing the hemoglobin content. Further, the findings can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation for using papaya leaf as an alternative medicine in curing anemia disease and analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities on other plant or vegetable and to conducted further research by using female mice and pregnant female mice.]]>
<![CDATA[Expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B in Escherichia coli and Its Recovery from Inclusion Body ]]>
<![CDATA[Savalas, Lalu Rudyat Telly]]>;
<![CDATA[Sedijani, Prapti]]>;
<![CDATA[Hadisaputra, Saprizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Ardhuha, Jannatin]]>;
<![CDATA[Lestari, Chomsa Asih]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahidah, Etty Nurul]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12384
<![CDATA[The present study aims at expressing and partially purifying PtpB in active form. To achieve this, Mtb PtpB gene has been cloned into pET30a vector and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL 21(DE3) under IPTG induction in the form of an inclusion body. Following resolubilization by urea and dialysis, the resulted PtpB has been shown to be active against para-Nitrophenyl phosphate. It is concluded that the resulted PtpB has had been recovered from inclusion body to give the active form of the enzyme, and thus the success in overexpressing PtpB provides the required material to investigate the biochemical properties of the pathogen virulence factor further.]]>
<![CDATA[Ex situ Conservation Effort through the Inventory of Plant Diversity in Mount Seblat, Bengkulu ]]>
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Imawan Wahyu]]>;
<![CDATA[Noviady, Ikhsan]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlaeni, Yati]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.9668
<![CDATA[Mount Seblat, as part a of Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP), is a pristine and natural mountain, particularly from disturbances and destructions by human activities. Nevertheless, the richness of biological resources especially plant diversity.in this area has not been more explored. The purpose of this study was to conduct an inventory of plant diversity and to determine the plant species composition. The inventory activities were conducted by plants collection along the ascent route. The results were then be maintained through ex situ conservation method in Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG). The study was conducted by exploratory method, from Seblat Ulu Village (641 m asl) up to altitude of 1,037 m asl. There were 18 points of plant sample observation with an area of 5 x 5 square meters per point. Plant collection obtained 380 specimens. Five groups of most collected plants were Lauraceae (18 species), Rubiaceae (8 species), Anacardiaceae (6 species), Annonaceae (5 species), and Fagaceae (4 species). In order to enrich the plants collection as well as conduct the ex situ conservation effort, plants from Orchidaceae were also collected which resulted in 33 species. These results were an important initial inventory of plant diversity of Mount Seblat, considering that there was no record as well as very limited current information. When the environment disturbance tends to increase, this information may act as a reference and an initial database to develop plants conservation effort and strategy in the future.]]>
<![CDATA[Okra Polysaccharides Improves Spleen Weight and B-Lymphocytes Proliferation in Mice Infected by Staphylococcus aureus ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuningsih, Sri Puji Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Pramudya, Manikya]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri, Intan Permata]]>;
<![CDATA[Savira, Nadyatul Ilma Indah]]>;
<![CDATA[Winarni, Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Suhargo, Listijani]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmanto, Win]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11284
<![CDATA[Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is reported to have various biological functions such as antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammation. However, only few studies have been reported immunomodulatory activities of okra to prevent disease caused by bacteria infection. In this study, the immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from okra pods were investigated further through the spleen weight and B-lymphocytes proliferation in mice infected by Staphylococcus aureus. Okra polysaccharides were obtained by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. Okra polysaccharides with doses of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg BW were orally administrated to mice with or without Staphylococcus aureus infection. Spleen weight was evaluated in both treatment group and control group. B-lymphocytes proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay using LPS induction. Results showed that okra polysaccharide at the doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg increased spleen weight (p < 0.05) significantly. While at the dose of 75 and 100 mg/kg, it increased the B-lymphocytes proliferation (p < 0.05) significantly. There is positive correlation between the spleen weight and B-lymphocytes proliferation by 73.3%. These result reveal that okra polysaccharide could improve the immune response and be utilized as a novel candidate of neutraceutical.]]>
<![CDATA[Screening of Acetic Acid Bacteria from Pineapple Waste for Bacterial Cellulose Production using Sago Liquid Waste ]]>
<![CDATA[Yanti, Nur Arfa]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad, Sitti Wirdhana]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambardini, Sri]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhiddin, Nurhayani Haji]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulaiman, La Ode Iman]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.10241
<![CDATA[Bacterial cellulose is a biopolymer produced by fermentation process with the help of bacteria. It has numerous applications in industrial sector with its characteristic as a biodegradable and nontoxic compound in nature. The potential application of BC is limited by its production costs, because BC is produced from expensive culture media. The use of cheap carbon and nutrient sources such as sago liquid waste is an interesting strategy to overcome this limitation. The objective of this study was to obtain the AAB strain that capable to produce bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste. Isolation of AAB strains was conducted using CARR media and the screening of BC production was performed on Hestrin-Schramm (HS) media with glucose as a carbon source. The strains of AAB then were evaluated for their cellulose-producing capability using sago liquid waste as a substrate. Thirteen strains of AAB producing BC were isolated from pineapple waste (pineapple core and peel) and seven of them were capable to produce BC using sago liquid waste substrate. One of the AAB strains produced a relatively high BC, i.e. isolate LKN6. The result of morphological and biochemical test was proven that the bacteria was Acetobacter xylinum. The result of this study showed that A. xylinum LKN6 can produce a high yield of BC, therefore this strain is potentially useful for its utilization as a starter in bacterial cellulose production.]]>
<![CDATA[Molecular Characteristics of Batanghari, Tambago, Orange, and Mandiangin Giant Gourami Strains ]]>
<![CDATA[Nuryanto, Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Pulungsari, Anatasia Endang]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12097
<![CDATA[Morphological variations among geographic and can be identified as different species. However, a lot of studies proved that morphological variations are also common in conspecific individuals. Therefore, precise identification using additional characters is vital, such as using a molecular marker. Here, we characterized Batanghari, Tambago, Orange, and Mandiangin gourami strains using the cytochrome b gene to evaluate their taxonomic status. Partial sequences of cytochrome b gene were sequenced for 40 individuals. Taxonomic status was checked for giant gourami sequences available in GenBank. Kimura 2-Parameter genetic distances were calculated in MEGA6 software. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity within population and ?st-value among populations were estimated in Arlequin software. Phylogenetic relationship was reconstructed using the neighbor-joining method in MEGA6 software based on Kimura 2-parameter model with 1000 pseudobootstraps. Taxonomic identification results in 99% sequences homology to Osphronemus goramy sequences (accession number KU984978.1 and AY763768.1), means that all strains belong to single species. Low genetic distances, medium haplotype and low-level nucleotide diversity were observed among strains. Pairwise ?st-comparison indicates no genetic differences among Sumatera strain, whereas strong genetic structures observed between Sumatera and Mandiangin strains. The phylogenetic tree showed that Mandiangin formed separate subclades from other strains with bootstraps value of 100%. This finding has important implication for breeding sciences and efforts.]]>
<![CDATA[In Vitro Callus Induction from Leaf Explants of Vanda sp Stimulated by 2,4-D ]]>
<![CDATA[Budisantoso, Iman]]>;
<![CDATA[Amalia, Nurul]]>;
<![CDATA[Kamsinah, Kamsinah]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11018
<![CDATA[The addition of growth regulator is one of the critical success factors in in vitro cultures. 2,4-D as a plant regulator in media can stimulate the cell division, enlargement of the explants and promotes the formation and growth of callus. The purpose of this study was to determine the time of callus formation and to determine the best concentration of 2.4-D in inducing the growth of callus from leaf explants of Vanda sp. This research was conducted by experiment with completely randomized design, which consists of six levels of treatment concentration of 2,4-D i.e. 0 ppm; 1 ppm; 1.5 ppm; 2 ppm; 2.5 ppm; and 3 ppm. The parameters observed were the percentage of callus formation and the form of callus from Vanda sp leaf explants. The results were statistically analyzed by using MINITAB program version 17. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed and the difference between means score/value was separated by F test at p < 0.05. The results showed that 2,4-D treatment give significant effect (F 5,12 = 3,20; p = 0,046 < 0,05) on the callus growth time and its percentage. Application of 2 ppm 2.4-D was the best concentration for accelerating the callus growth time (14.3 days after planting) and increasing the percentage of callus formation (83.3%). Most of callus type were proliferative callus (36.11%) and senescence callus (11.11%). The results of this research are very important to grow the callus from Vanda leaves orchid explant because it is very diffucult to grow.]]>
<![CDATA[Size and Density of Artemisia annua Stomata Soaked in Water Extract of Gloriosa superba Seeds ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahmawati, Sri Indah]]>;
<![CDATA[Yunus, Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Susilowati, Ari]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11234
<![CDATA[Artemisia annua is a herbaceous plant that produces artemisinin as a malaria drug, haemorrhoids therapy, aromatherapy, antiviral, anticancer and antibacterial. Gloriosa superba is a plant that contains high colchicine compounds, especially on the seeds. Gloriosa superba extracts of tubers, stems, seeds, and leaves were used as biomutagen for many plants. Colchicine contains of these plants as antimitotic have been studied and proven by the mitotic index plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds was used as a mutagen for Artemisia annua. The aim of this study was to determine the size and density of Artemisia annua stomata soaked in water extract of Gloriosa superba seeds as a mutagen. Extraction of Gloriosa superba seeds obtained naturally on Krakal Beach, Gunung Kidul by using a maceration method with water solvent (1:1). Artemisia annua sprouts were obtained from B2P2TOOT Tawangmangu. Variables treatment on sprouts using water extract concentration of Gloriosa superba seeds and soaking time of Artemisia annua sprouts. Measurements of stomatal length, width and density were conducted in epidermis of Artemisia annua leaf. Observation and measurements of the stomata were conducted by using a light microscope. The results showed that the length and width of stomata were 0.025 mm and 0.017 mm respectively. The stomatal density of the control leaf (174.69 amount/mm2) was lower than the other treated plants. Stomatal size and density has increased with the increasing concentration extracts on treated plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds proved the effects on stomatal size and density of treated plants.]]>
<![CDATA[Improving Students Scientific Reasoning and Problem-Solving Skills by The 5E Learning Model ]]>
<![CDATA[Susilowati, Sri Mulyani Endang]]>;
<![CDATA[Anam, Khaerul]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12022
<![CDATA[Biology learning in MA (Madrasah Aliyah) Khas Kempek was still dominated by teacher with low students involvement. This study would analyze the effectiveness of the 5E (Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, Evaluation) learning model in improving scientific knowledge and problems solving. It also explained the relationship between students scientific reasoning with their problem-solving abilities. This was a pre-experimental research with one group pre-test post-test. Sixty students of MA Khas Kempek from XI MIA 3 and XI MIA 4 involved in this study. The learning outcome of the students was collected by the test of reasoning and problem-solving. The results showed that the rises of students scientific reasoning ability were 69.77% for XI MIA 3 and 66.27% for XI MIA 4, in the medium category. The problem-solving skills were 63.40% for XI MIA 3, 61.67% for XI MIA 4, and classified in the moderate category. The simple regression test found a linear correlation between students scientific reasoning and problem-solving ability. This study affirms that reasoning ability is needed in problem-solving. It is found that application of 5E learning model was effective to improve scientific reasoning and problem-solving ability of students.]]>
