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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 2 (2012)" : 12 Documents clear
ANALISIS POLA HUMAN LEKOCYTE ANTIGEN (HLA) KELAS I PADA PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE POPULASI INDONESIA DI JAWA TIMUR F.M. Judajana; Paulus Budiono; Indah Nuraini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1008

Abstract

The incidence of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is obvious rapidly increasing and it may have existed previously, and specificfactors precipitating of the diseases can be identified in Indonesia population. These include environmental changes, demographic factors,host immunity, micro organism variant and drug resistance suggesting that infection will continue to emerge, probably increase andemphasizes the urgent need for effective surveillance. The Immunology approach of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever as emerging diseaseshas been advanced on two major fronts. First, the elucidation of the basic mechanisms associated antigen recognition, elimination,rejection and immunological protection from recurrence. Secondly, to solve the clinical problem (diagnostic, therapeutic and prevention)the application of the knowledge of immunological memory to diseases is used as a tool. Over expressed emerging pathogens such asmolecularly defined mutated antigen; this antigen as a target of specific immune reaction and has been encountered as a danger signal.The current studies have shown that few immune competent cells (activated T cells and B cells) are exposed to antigen. The immuneconsequence of infectious tissue induced Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)/Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules expressionon antigen presenting cell and have also shown, that an immunological reaction occurs in all organs in response to a number of diseases.However, most infectious diseases express MHC/HLA class II molecules, in order to recognize the new mutated antigen and also expressthe MHC/HLA class I molecules in order to eliminate those antigen. Progress in the genetic dissection of infectious diseases will also comefrom the complementary analysis of the various biological and clinical phenotypes associated with a given infectious agent, stronglysuggesting that host factors play an important role in susceptibility or resistance to infection. In order to know the regulation processbetween different types of pathogen and the host immune system, as well as the regulation factor of the cross talk between the differentcomponents of the immune response in human as the host, it is important to get an understanding of the immune genetic system. Thisresearch work is aimed at the locating and identifying the HLA class I which encode the protein as immune-component to be involvedin the pathogenesis of DHF as a viral infection base on the examination on 20 DHF patients and have already examined the HLA-A, -Bas HLA class I with the DNA typing-PCR. The results analysis with Chi square with Yates‘s Correction and the relative risk (Wolf rule)is HLA-A*11,-A*24 and HLA-B*15,-B*18 has specific association with DHF on Indonesia population in East Java. The evidence of theinfluence of the immune genetics marker to the DHF is provided by the following observations: (1) the level of infection often differsgreatly among infected subjects, (2) some infected subjects do not develop clinical disease, (3) the clinical manifestations of diseaseseverity, time to onset, duration of disease etc, may differ greatly among symptomatic patients. This finding opens the path to developeffective means of immunotherapy and improved the diagnosis for lesions, in order to apply the current strategies for the developing ofimmunodiagnostic, immunotherapy-based treatment through an infected target cell or developed new effective vaccines.
SINDROM HORMON ANTIDIURETIK BERLEBIH Arleen N. Suryatenggara; Dalima A. W. Astrawinata
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1013

Abstract

Syndrome of Inappropiate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is a condition caused by excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion.High level of ADH increse water reabsorption in the kidney. This syndrome is characterized by hyponatremia, plasma hypo-osmolality,urine osmolality less than 100 mOsm/kg, elevated urine sodium, euvolemia, with normal renal, adrenal, and thyroid function. SIADHcould be the result of ectopic ADH caused by malignant cells, drug-induced, baroreceptor lesion, and other problems. Main treatmentfor SIADH is intended to overcome the underlying diseases. Other approaches are by fluid restriction, salt supplementation, and the useof drugs inducing diabetes insipidus or V2 receptor antagonist.
UJI DIAGNOSTIK METODE IMUNOSITOKIMIA NS1 VIRUS DENGUE, UNTUK DIAGNOSIS INFEKSI Nafiandi Nafiandi; Ellyza Nasrul; Rismawati Yaswir
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1011

Abstract

NS1 protein is a nonstructural protein of dengue virus which are secreted into the blood. NS1 protein could be detected in blood upto nine days after the onset of illness that almost simultaneously with the occurrence of viremia. The purpose of this study is to knowthe result of diagnostic test method of immunocytochemical NS1 by RT-PCR on dengue virus infected patients which is diagnosed at Dr.M. Djamil hospital. Padang. The method of the research uses cross sectional analytically study with consecutive sampling of patientswho diagnosed as infected with dengue virus and treated in the interne ward of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang from Januaryup to August 2011. Patient ‘s venous blood was taken about 5 mL and then centrifuged 3500 rpm and then the serum is separated andstored at-20° C until the sample is examined. The examination of NS1 serum is carried out by immunocytochemical method followedby the inspection of RNA viruses and their serotypes by RT-PCR and continued by agarose gel electrophoresis on 1.5 up to 2%. From thesixty samples obtained showed: 71.6% tested positive immunocytochemical NS1, 28.4% negative immunocytochemical NS1, 76.7%positive RT-PCR and 23.3% negative RT-PCR, 23.9% Den-1, 43.3% Den-2, 26.1% Den-3, and 6.5% Den-4. The immunocytochemicalNS1 diagnostic test obtained RT-PCR sensitivity of 85%, specificity 71%, positive predictive value 90%, and negative predictive value59%. The immunocytochemical NS1 has a quite high sensitivity, and low specificity, where as the positive predictive value is quite high,but the negative predictive value is lower than the RT-PCR for the diagnosis of dengue virus infection.
KORELASI ANTARA KADAR INTERFERON-γ PLASMA DENGAN JUMLAH VIRAL LOAD DI PENDERITA HIV Hermi Indita; Endang Retnowati; Erwin Astha Triyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1004

Abstract

The incidence of HIV is increasing in Indonesia and Asia as well, Indonesia is considered as the most rapid. One of the diagnostic toolsfor diagnosing HIV is by viral load. Lymphocyte T-CD8+ secreted IFN-γ will inhibit replication of HIV virus through the induction of antiviralprotein and the host immune response, which kills infected cells. An examination of plasma IFN-γ and viral load will be more convincingfor the treatment and/or to know the progressiveness of HIV & AIDS. The aim of this study is to know the correlation between plasma IFN-γand viral load in HIV patients. Forty two samples from HIV patients were collected at the Intermediate Care and Infectious Disease Unit ofDr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from April to June 2011. The concentration of plasma IFN-γ was measured by ELISA (eBioscience) methodand the amount of viral load was measured using PCR Cobas Amplicor (Roche Diagnostics). The level of plasma IFN-γ in this study wasfound 11.4 pg/mL up to 576 pg/mL and the level of viral load was 589 copies/mL up to 510.000 copies/mL. The statistical analysis showedno significant correlation (p>0.05) between plasma IFN-γ level and viral load in HIV patients, and no correlation was found between IFN-γplasma and viral load in HIV patients.
NILAI RUJUKAN FREE LIGHT CHAIN SERUM DENGAN IMUNOTURBIDIMETRI Lidya Utami; Riadi Wirawan; Alida R Harahap; Abdul Muthalib; Harny Edward
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1006

Abstract

The light chains of immunoglobulin are produced in larger quantity rather than heavy chains, therefore small amount of free lightchains (FLC) can be found in the blood of healthy individuals. Free light chain production is increased in the clone’s proliferation ofmalignant B cells, i.e. in myeloma. Therefore the FLC level measurement can be used for diagnosis aid of myeloma and related B cellsdisorders. The aim of this study is to establish reference range of serum FLC κ, FLC λ, and κ/λ ratio in population ≥40 year’s old usingimmunoturbidimetry assay. Serum FLC κ, FLC λ and κ/λ ratio were measured in 240 healthy male and female attending medical checkup in MMC hospital. Healthy subjects were determined by anamnesis and physical examination, with routine haematology, ESR, andserum creatinine level within normal ranges. The serum FLC assays were performed in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory, RSCM, usingHitachi 912 with immunoturbidimetry method. The results were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 program. Serum FLC normal reference valuein 40-84 years old healthy subjects are: FLC κ 11.7–30.6 mg/L, FLC λ 9.7–25.0 mg/L, and κ/λ ratio 0.79–1.75. This research is thefirst study for finding serum FLC values in the Indonesian population. The normal reference value found is similar with another studyusing the same platform analyzer.
ACETOSAL, BUAH MENGKUDU (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L.) DAN WAKTU PERDARAHAN I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; Ketut Widyani Astuti; I Gusti Made Aman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1007

Abstract

Research regardless the effect of noni fruit for increasing bleeding time have already been carried out widely. The similar activity ofnoni fruit extract and acetosal can be concerned that the fruit extract has a potential activity for prolonged bleeding time. This study aimsto know the present of prolonged of bleeding time as a results of intake of combination of noni fruit extract with acetosal on mice. Thisresearch was carried out at Unit Binatang Percobaan, Departemen Farmakologi Universitas Udayana. This is an experimental study withpre and post-test control group design. Subject was compromised of 3 groups of mice and each group contain of 7 mice. The first groupwas treated with a dose of 40 mg/kg bw acetosal, the second group treated with a dose of 100 mg/kg bw ethanol noni fruit extract, andthe third group treated with combination of 40 mg/kg bw acetosal and 100 mg/kg bw ethanol extract of noni fruit. All groups werefed once per day for a week. Bleeding time was determined on the basis of tail bleeding method. This study results that the first groupexperience bleeding time increased from 61.42±9.43 second to 160.71±19.77 second. Increase bleeding time of the second group is from59.14±7.12 to 138.14±59.91 second. For the third group, the bleeding time increases from 65.00±7.91 to 213.00±20.92 second.One Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there is a significant different among these three groups after treatment p = 0.006 (p<0.05).Bleeding time of the third group which was treated with combination of noni fruit and acetosal results in the highest increase compareto the other two groups. In conclusions, combination of noni fruit and acetosal treatment results in increase of bleeding time on mice.
EKSPRESI KORESEPTOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS CCR5 DAN CXCR4 PADA SUBSET SEL LIMFOSIT T SERTA MONOSIT Agnes Rengga Indrati; Hinta Meijerink; Herry Garna; Bachti Alisjahbana; Ida Parwati; Reinout van Crevel; Andre van der Venn
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1012

Abstract

Chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 which lied on lymphocyte cell surface play important role in HIV infection and pathogenesis.The expression of these chemokine receptors will affect progressively the disease. The objectives of the study are to find the distributionof lymphocyte T cell subset and monocyte among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to know the determination of CCR5 andCXCR4 co receptors expression on T lymphocyte cells subset and monocyte. This study is a preliminary study to explore the distributionof co receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 expression in healthy people. The sample taken is peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) fromhealthy subjects. The identification of T lymphocyte cells subsets and monocyte, and the expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 co receptorswere determined using flowcytometry. The memory T cell (CD4+CD45RO) is found to be the largest proportion among T lymphocyte cell(66.2%), whereas the other T lymphocyte cell subset, regulatory T cell, which identified by CD25+ high expression was found between2.0-5.3% from the whole T lymphocyte cell. The proportion of CXCR4 co receptors was found higher compare to CCR5 co receptorson all T lymphocyte subsets and monocyte. Only small proportion of monocyte expresses both co receptors (2.85%), but most of the Tlymphocyte cell expressed both CCR5 and CXCR4. The expression of the CXCR4 on regulatory T cell (18.18%) is the lowest compared toother cells, but the fluorescence intensity of both co receptors was very high (CCR5 53.53 and CXCR4 49.33). The different distributionof CCR5 and CXCR4 co receptors among T lymphocyte cell subsets and monocyte will influence the vulnerability and the pathogenicityof HIV infection.
PENDERITA DENGAN HEMOKROMATOSIS PRIMER Kadek Mulyantari; A.A.Wiradewi Lestari; A.A.N. Subawa; Tjokorda Gede Oka; Sudewa Djelantik
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1014

Abstract

Primary Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disease that occurs predominantly in man. Among men, clinical signs and symptomsfrequently appears on 40 years until more than 60 years of age. Meanwhile, the signs and symptoms among women appear on 50 yearsof age or after menopause. It is a very rare case in children or young adult. Secondary hemochromatosis can be differentiated fromprimary hemochromatosis based on existence of other underlying disease and secondary hemochromatosis often occurs in patient withmultiple blood transfusions. The diagnosis of primary hemochromatosis is confirmed by chromosomal test and liver biopsy to confirmthe liver damage caused by excessive iron accumulation. The main treatment of primary hemochromatosis is phlebotomy. The purposeof this method is to remove overload iron in body. In this case, the patient was man, unmarried, 51 years old, Australian. Four yearsago, he had complained about arthropathies, chronic asthenia, depression, decreased of concentration and sexual desire. Laboratoryevaluation revealed Ferritin level 2126 ug/L and transferrin saturation always more than 99%. Liver function tests also increasedsignificantly. Some of his family’s members have the same disease as he has. He was diagnosed as primary hemochromatosis and hadperformed phlebotomy routinely. After phlebotomy has done, he recovered based on clinical and laboratorial findings.
KETERKAITAN ANTIGEN NS1 INFEKSI VIRUS DENGUE DENGAN SEROTIPE VIRUS DENGUE Roudhotul Ismaillya Noor; Aryati Aryati; Puspa Wardhani
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1005

Abstract

Dengue virus infection (DVI) currently is detected by using dengue virus NS1 antigen (NS1 Ag). The sensitivity of NS1 Ag is 27.8%–93.4%,but recent study of Kumarasamy the sensitivity of NS1 Ag is better than the virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This studyis focussed on the evaluation of the validity of Panbio Dengue Early Rapid for the diagnosis of DVI and the NS1 Ag sensitivity associated withdengue virus serotypes. The sera was obtained from 65 DVI patients which diagnosed by the clinicians. The resulted diagnosis was foundby serology tests (positive IgM/IgG antidengue/NS1 Ag ELISA) and 1997 WHO criteria as the gold standard, and which also found 35 nonDVI patients (typhoid fever, HAV, malaria, UTI, tuberculosis and bronchopneumonia). The samples were examined by Panbio Dengue EarlyRapid. PCR was performed on each positive serological test result to determine the dengue virus serotypes. The sensitivity and specificity ofPanbio Dengue Early Rapid was 49.2% and 100%. The PCR results of 65 sera showed positive PCR in 49.2% (positive NS1 Ag was 62.5%).Meanwhile, and negative PCR in 50.8% (positive NS1 Ag was 36.4%). The predominance of serotypes (positive NS1 Ag) were DEN-3 (37.5%),DEN-4 (28.1%), DEN-1 (21.9%) and DEN-2 (12.5%). The Panbio Dengue Early Rapid can be used as early detection of DVI, although itshould be used in conjunction with other dengue serological tests as well. Unfortunately there is still not enough evidence about the NS1 Agsensitivity associated with the dengue virus serotypes.
ANALISIS FILOGENETIK DENGUE DI INDONESIA Aryati Aryati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i2.1009

Abstract

Molecular epidemiology is needed to solve the problem for endemic Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Indonesia.This research has been carried out consisting of 525 Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever sera, according to the WHO criteria.These sera were collected from 19 cities in Indonesia comprising the islands of Sumatera, Batam, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua, Java,Bali and Lombok from 2003 until 2005. The immune response profile was as follows 57.14% (300/525) secondary infection, 12.57%(66/525) primary infection, 4.20% (22/525) equivocal and 26.09% (137/525) negative. From 192 PCR samples, 100 (52%) serawere positive, consisting of 65% DEN-2, 15% DEN-3, 12% DEN-4 and 8% DEN-1. Homology analysis showed nucleotide differences incapsid region DEN-2 serotypes, while DEN-3 serotypes were relatively consistent. Phylogenetic analysis using envelope (E) gene revealedthat the Cosmopolitan genotype from Gorontalo in 2005, is currently circulating locally, with the potential to cause a severe hemorrhagicdisease. Members of this genotype were closely related to viruses from Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and Australia. Theisolate from Jakarta, 2003 showed DEN-3 with I genotype. This genotype was similar to the isolate from Indonesia 1978, 1985, andalso from Thailand 1992, Philippines 1997, and Fiji 1992. These results showed Cosmopolitan genotype from DEN-2 was similar toSoutheast Asia countries. It was also revealed that genotype-I from DEN-3 showed no change over the years since 1978.

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