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Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar

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Published by Kementerian Pertanian

ISSN : 23561297 EISSN : 25287222 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.

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Articles 407 Documents

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PENGUJIAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAMBU METE ASAL BUAH SEMU TIDAK NORMAL Saefudin, Saefudin; Tjahjana, Bambang Eka
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kerusakan buah semu jambu mete terhadap viabilitas dan pertumbuhan benih jambu mete telah dilakukan mulai bulan JanuariÂ sampaiÂ Desember 2009 di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Jawa. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih jambu mete dari Desa Watukawula, Kecamatan Wewewa, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Percobaan disusun dengan dua taraf perlakuan yaitu benih jambu mete yang berasal dari buah semu normal beraroma harum dan benih yang berasal dari buah semu rusak mengering. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perkecambahan benih dan bobot serta ukuran benih sebanyak 60 butir benih setiap perlakuan, sedangkan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit digunakan 30 polybag pada setiap perlakuan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t pada taraf 5% secaraÂ berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan buah semu berpengaruh terhadap bobot, tebal, dan viabilitas benih serta pertumbuhan tinggi bibit, sedangkan panjang dan lebar benih, serta diameter batang dan jumlah daun tidak berpengaruh. Bobot dan viabilitas benih jambu mete asal buah semu normal 6.7 g dan 77.7 %, sedang asal buah semu rusak 4.7 g danÂ 51.0 %.Viability of seeds taken from abnormal cashew applesABSTRACTViability of seeds taken from abnormal cashew apples. The experiment was carried out from JanuaryÂ to December 2009 to know about effect damage of cashew apple to the seed viability and growth of cashew seedling on Cikampek Experimental Station, West Java. Material was used cashew seed from Watukawula village, Wewewa Sub District, Southwest Sumba district, province of Nusa Tenggara Barat. The experiment was arranged with observation on two treatment i.e : Seed was harvestedÂ with normal cashew apple and seed was harvested with damaged cashew apples. Number of sample was used to know the seed viability is 60 seeds for each treatment, further more to know the growth of cashew seedling was used 30 polybag per treatment. Analysis was used t-Student test with 5% level paired. Result of this experiment showed that the good seed viability was seed from normal compare with damaged cashew apples, 77.7% and 51.0% respectively. The best seed quality and viability was seed from normal cashew apples

TEKNOLOGI PENGENDALIAN HAYATI HAMA PENGHISAP PUCUK DAN BUNGA PADA JAMBU METE ., Samsudin; Trisawa, Iwa Mara
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Technology in controlling of sucking pest of shoot and flowers on cashew. The major pests of cashew plant (Anacardium occidentale L.) are Helopeltis spp.Â and Sanurus spp. A number of cashew trees damaged beÂ attacked by the pest are increasing from year to year. Some research found on effectiveness technologies, environmentally friendly and easily adopted by farmers have been done. One kind of controlling technologies that provides great expectations to be developed by farmers was biological control by utilizing parasitoids, predators and pathogens. Development of rangrang ants (Oecophylla smaragdina) and the fungus Beauveria bassiana as biological agent of Helopeltis spp. on a large scale will suppress the population of the insects. Meanwhile, the egg parasitoid Aphanomerus sp., moth parasitoids Epieurybrachys nsp. and the fungus Synnematium sp. are potentially developed as a biological control agents for Sanurus spp. in the field. The results of these studies should be integrated as a technology package on which the farmers should be involved in implementation of the technology.

DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DAN UPAYA PENANGGULANGANNYA Supriadi, Handi; Heryana, Nana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Impact ofÂ climate changeÂ onÂ cashew production andÂ effortsÂ of countermeasures. Climate change occurs due to the increasing content of greenhouse gases (GHGs)Â in the air, mostly resulting from the rapidly growing industrialization. As a result of climate change causes: (1) the earths temperature increased, (2) extreme climate events (climatic anomalies) increased, as events Enso (El-Nino that caused drought and La-Nina causes floods), (3) a decrease and an increase air temperature extremes, (4) changes in rainfall patterns and (5) rise in sea levels and rob. The climate change was significant effect on the reducing of cashew nut production. The rain that fell throughout the year in 2010 resulted in cashew production fell drastically, as in Wonogiri, Central Java (48.75 to 50.85%) and Muna, Southeast Sulawesi (93.63%). The impacts of climate change can be reductionÂ through the anticipation, adaption and mitigation. Anticipation performed by conducting assessment of agricultural resources, improvement of agricultural structure and infrastructure, imfrovement ofÂ farming system and agribusiness, and management of socio-economi and cultural.Â Technologi adaptation was done through the development of varieties tolerant to climate change andÂ the use of water saving technologies.Â While migitation technology that can be applied are: planting cashew, cashew waste utilization, land management and use of organic fertilizers.

KEKERABATAN PLASMA NUTFAH JAMBU METE BERDASARKAN MARKA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA Randriani, Enny; Listyati, Dewi; ., Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Genetic Relationship of Cashew Germplasm Based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Cashew production in Indonesia stilllow (300-463 kg/ha/year) caused by genetic materials used for the cultivation were not superior variety, therefore, some effort to find superiorvariety with high production must be improved. To support those efforts needs wide variation of plant genetic resources. Nowd ays, characteristic dataof cashew germplasm in BALITTRI based on morphological characters, so needed molecular approach to get genetic characteristic s, geneticrelationship and specific characters such as high production marker, one of some techniques that we can use is RAPD marker. Additionally, RAPDmarker is simple, efficient and accurate. The purpose of this study was to know the genetic variation and relationship among cashew germplasm basedon band pattern of DNA by using RAPD technique. The experiment was conducted at Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor since Maytill November 2009. Genetic material used were MR 851, PK 36, GG1, Laode Kase, Laode Kapala, JT 27, Arsyad Labone, Wonogiri Merah, A x S,F x M, SM 9, C x M, F x A and BO2 by using 25 primers. The activity consisting germplasm collecting of cashew (14 accessions), followed laboratoryactivities such as: DNA extraction and purification, loading and running of PCR product, RAPD and data analysis. Results shows that 25 primersused are 16 primers shown DNA band pattern, one of them was monomorphism and one specific primer which shown DNA band pattern of cashew,i.e: BO2, SM9 and JT27. Germplasm collection of cashew has wide variation. At 70% coefficient, 14 accessions of cashew were divided to threegroups where first group were content 11 individual (MR 851, PK 36, Laode Kase, GG1, Laode Kapala, A x S, F x A, C x M, Arsyad Labone,Wonogiri Merah, and F x M), while second group were content two individuals (BO2 and SM9). Moreover, in first group itself sh own wide variationamong 11 accessions.

PENGARUH PANJANG ENTRES TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNG PUCUK DAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH JAMBU METE Ferry, Yulius; Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian yang bertujuan mencari panjang entres yang tepat agar keberhasilan sambung pucuk benih jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Tanah yang digunakan jenis laterit berbatu andesit, tipe iklim C dan ketinggian tempat 50 meter di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2009 sampai dengan April 2010. Bahan yang digunakan bibit jambu mete jenis B 02 baik untuk batang bawah maupun batang atas (entres). Penyambungan dilakukan setelah bibit berumur 3 bulan dengan tinggi bibit sekitar 60 cm dan diameter batang bibit 0,6 cm. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok diulang tiga kali masing-masing terdiri dari 15 tanaman. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu panjang entres 10, 15 dan 20 cm. Tanaman jambu mete ditanam dalam polybag dengan ukuran 15 x 25 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter pangkal setek entres, warna pangkal setek entres, persentase keberhasilan sambung pucuk, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan diameter batang benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang entres berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan sambung pucuk jambu mete, panjang entres terbaik adalah 20 cm dengan keberhasilan penyambungan 78 %.Effect of scion length on the success rate of grafting and growth of seedlingsABSTRACTThe research was to obtain proper length of upper stem to the success rate of grafting and grwoth of the seedling cashew nut plants have been conducted in the Garden Experiments Cikampek, Karawang regency, West Java. Soil types was rocky laterite andesite, type C climate and altitude of 50 meters above sea level. The research was conducted in August 2009 until April 2010. While the materials used cashew seed type B 02 for both rootstock and to the upper stem. Grafting was done after 3 months old seedlings with seedlings about 60 cm high and 0.6 cm diameter stems of seedlings. Experiments prepared following the randomized block design was repeated three times that consisting of 10 plants. The treatments were tested namely long scion 10, 15 and 20 cm. Plants grew in polybags with size 15 x 25 cm. The indicators were observed covering the base of the cuttings scion diameter, cutting the base color of entres, the percentage of shoots continued success, increased plant height, leaf number and stem diameter of the seed.The results showed that the length of entres effect on continued success graftingÂ of seedling cashew. Scion length was 20 cm which gave the highest grafting success is as much as 78%.

STRATEGI PEMULIAAN JAMBU METE SPESIFIK LOKASI MELALUI METODE OBSERVASI Wardiana, Edi; Martono, Budi; ., Dani
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Breeding strategy for location specific of cashew by observation. Cashew is a perennial plant so that its breeding cycle requires a relatively long time. One alternative that can be done to accelerate the investigation of superior varieties is the observation method on the existing populations which have expressed their potential genetics and has a preference for the local farmers community. The observation method are directed to investigate the superior varieties for specific location where the selection process involving the local farmers community. This method are identical to the model of Participatory Plant Breeding (PTP) that are oriented to the multilevel user needs (industrial and end user). In order to increase the efficiency and effectivity of the observation methods are recommendedÂ : (1) to increase the empowerment of local farmers communities, (2) to provide the adequate confidence from the government and or plant breeders to the farmers beginning from planning stage until characters selection stage, and (3) to add the location of BPT with their distribution in more specific location based on differences in the biophysical environment, agronomic and socio-economic of local farmers community.

DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DAN UPAYA PENANGGULANGANNYA Supriadi, Handi; Heryana, Nana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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ANALISIS MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK BENIH JAMBU METE (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR) Hasibuan, Abdul Muis; Wahyudi, Agus
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Supply chain management analysis of cashew seed (Case study in the district of East Flores). East Flores is sourced reference ofsuperio cashew seeds, so that this region is potentially a superior seed producer of cashew for development program in the future. This study aimed toanalyze supply chain management (SCM) and development strategy of cashew superior seed. The research was conducted in East Fl ores, East NusaTenggara Province in June - August 2010. The data used are primary and secondary data. Analysis used model of supply chain management. Theresults showed that the demand for cashew seed is dependent on the procurement project undertaken by the government. The time often not coincidewith the harvest of cashew seeds. Supply chain management applications has been running optimal although more are caused by g overnmentintervention in terms of distribution of seeds, so that the optimization process of SCM has not been produced from a process of good business activity.Strategies that can be achieved are: (i) government needs to encourage the process of seed certification by an official agency, (ii) developing the seedgarden in an amount sufficient to consider the projected seed demand in the future, either in the form of seeds and scion, (iii) the farmer / farmergroup, the owner of seed source should be able to apply the seed stock management so that demand outside the crop seed remain to be fulfilled, (iv) thebreeder needs to make improvements in a poly bag seed distribution methods, (v) The Government needs to introduce grafting technology, particularlyto the breeder and farmer groups, (vi) The Government needs to do the planning and mapping needs and promoting improved s eed varieties MPF 1.

PEMANFAATAN LAHAN DIANTARA TANAMAN JAMBU METE MUDA DI LAHAN MARGINAL Pranowo, Dibyo; Purwanto, Eko Heri
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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The use of space among young cashew trees in marginal lands. Cashew trees are mostly planted in monoculture way, so it would be not efficient in using the space of lands. As the crops widely planted and increase of their canopy with its ages, there is avail able space that might be used for growing crops, particulary those do not need full intensity of the sun. This enable many annual crops such as corn, peanuts, upland rice that may be grown among the trees. The use of annual crops should take into account their tolency to the sun intensity. The cashew trees having root system which develop laterally need certain technology that might be develepod. Some intercrops that might be suitable be grown among them are corn, peanut, and upland rice. Previous results revealed that growing annual crops like corn yielded of 4.5 ton/ha, peanut of 975 k g/ha, and combination of the both of 3981 kg/ha and 308 kg/ha, while those of situbagendit upland rice yielded of 2.9 ton. The results showed that growing the intercrops among the cashew tress may give reasonable income for farmers as alternatively solution in optimizing of the space of lands between cashew rees.

PEMANFAATAN CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID SEBAGAI SUMBER FENOL ALAMI PADA INDUSTRI Towaha, Juniaty; Ahmadi, Nur Rofiq
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Use of cashew nut shell liquid as sources of phenol in industries. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a dark brown viscous liquidextracted from cashew nut shell. The main components of CNSL that is anacardic acid, cardanol and kardol which is a natural phenol compounds.Cardanol compounds have chemical structures similar to phenols synthetic, so the opportunity to substitute or replace the synthetic phenoliccompounds from petroleum derivatives, whose the sources are running low. CNSL compound and its components anacardic acid, cardanol and kardol,and derivatives products have benefits that vary in different industries, as well as substitution of synthetic phenol as a so urce of phenolic compounds,such as the pharmaceutical industry, insecticides, adhesives, varnishes and paints, brake and clutch linings, laminating resin, epoxy resin, castingmetal, cement, surfaktants, rubber formulations and various chemical industries. Until now, Indonesias cashew nut shell not fully utilized, most stillis a waste, so the production of CNSL in Indonesia is still very low. The potential for production of CNSL in Indonesia is actually quite large,therefore, given the various benefits of CNSL and its derivatives in various industries, as well as its superiority in the composition of the molecularstructure and advantages as an environmentally friendly renewable material, then its time CNSL potential contained in the ca shew nut shell can toproductivity and well developed.

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