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Journal : IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science

Effect of Particle Size Distribution on Ammonium Sulphate Dried in a Rotary Dryer Susianto, Susianto; Altway, Ali; Kuswandi, Kuswandi; Margono, Margono
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 21, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v21i3.37

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study theoretically, by mathematical model development, the effect of particle size distribution on the performance of rotary dryer to dry ammonium sulphate fertilizer assuming plug flow with axial dispersion pattern (PFDA model) for solid particle flow. The mathematical model development was carried out by combining the drying processes model with particle size distribution model. Particle size distribution models used are Rosin-Rommler model and Gamma distribution model. For simplicity, the model of drying processes of solid particles in the rotary dryer was developed by assuming of uniform air conditions (temperature and humidity) along the rotary dryer as in the entry conditions. The resulting differential equations were solved analytically under Matlab 6.1 facility.Since this model, solid hold up, and axial dispersion number were obtained from empirical correlations in the literatures. The drying rate of ammonium sulphate fertilizer in rotary dryer was estimated using isothermal diffusion model with effective diffusivity of moisture in the particle obtained from previous study [2]. Using Gamma function distribution, this research showed that for the value of the coefficient of variance (CV) less than 0.5, particle size distribution does not have significant effect on dryer performance. For the value of CV greater than 0.5, the dryer performance increase (or outlet solid moisture content decrease) with increasing the value of CV. The application of Rosin-Rammler model gives lower prediction of outlet solid moisture content compared to the application of Gamma function model.
Simulation of Gas-Solid-Liquid Flow in Membrane Bioreactor Submerged Palupi, A. E.; Harahap, A. H.; Meydita, A. D.; Winardi, S.; Altway, A.
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 19, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v19i1.155

Abstract

Hydrodynamics characteristic for the mixing of gas-solid-liquid in membrane bioreactor submerged (MBRs) and its influence on mass transfer was studied computationally at various solid concentration, incoming gas rate, and the baffle distance. Computational method was conducted by using software GAMBIT 2.1.6. for the making of the grid which represents the calculation domain and conduct the simulation using CFD software FLUENT commercial code 6.2.16. The calculation result was recorded after the iteration reach the certain convergence level. Multiphase flow in reactor was simulated with mixture model, while to model the turbulence characteristic of the flow standard k-ε model was used. The geometric system studied is bioreactor in the form of box with flat bottom, 2 baffles, submerged hollow fiber membrane and air passage at the bottom of the reactor. For the membrane modeling, it is used two approaches that is membrane as black box and membrane as porous media. The liquid used is water, and the solid is activated sludge, and air acts as gas phase. The result indicates that gas-solidliquid system with the nearest baffle location from the membrane cause, the liquid dispersion process goes faster, so that fluid in the tank can be mixed perfectly and it can increase the gas-liquid mass transfer rate and the flux at MBRs. The increase of the solid concentration does not significantly affect the change of gas-liquid mass transfer rate and flux through the membrane, but the increase of air flow rate can increase the gas-liquid mass transfer and the flux. Porous media approach give the prediction of the gas hold up distribution more over all than black box approach. The position of baffle 9 cm from tank wall is the best position viewed from the balance between the of air flow with the circulating fluid flow. Considered from the solid distribution, double inlet MBRs is better compared to that of single inlet. Flux obtained does not show significant difference. From both approaches of the membrane model, membrane model as porous media give the simulation results closer to the experimental data.
Performance of Submerged Membrane Bioreactor Combined with Powdered Activated Carbon Addition for the Treatment of an Industrial Wastewater Widjaja, Tri; Altway, Ali; Soeprijanto, Soeprijanto
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 21, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v21i1.24

Abstract

Membrane technology is one of the alternative solutions to overcome industrial wastewater treatment developed nowadays. The addition of PAC (Powdered Activated Carbon) in the activated sludge using Submerged Membrane Adsorption Hybrid Bioreactor (SMAHBR) is expected to increase the organic material removal. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor and activated carbon adsorption capacity of organic materials in wastewater. This study used SIER (Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut – Surabaya, Indonesia) waste as activated sludge operated at Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) concentrations of 8000 and 15000 mg/l, and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentrations of 1500, 2500 mg/l, Sludge Retention Time (SRT) of 10;20; and 30 days and activated carbon variables of 0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; 10%. The results showed that the fouling potential occurred at high MLSS where the COD removal occurred at PAC addition of 10% reaching 91.86%. High Soluble Microbial Product (SMP) accumulation (± 10 mg/l) occurred in short SRT and high MLSS concentration. PAC addition resulted in decreased microorganisms in the reactor and better effluent of SMAHBR, as a result, the performance of the submerged membrane bioreactor would be restored.
Ethanol Production from Molasses with Immobilized Cells Technique in Packed Bed Bioreactor by Extractive Musfil AS; Tri Widjaja; Ali Altway; R. Darmawan Darmawan
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 21, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v21i1.26

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the effect of total sugar concentration, Ca-Alginate and K Carrageenan density in immobilized cells on packed-bed and batch bioreactor performance for ethanol production. In addition, this research was also aimed to study the effect of solvent flow rate on packed column performance expressed as % extraction recovery. This experiment was carried out with total sugar concentration of 10, 14, 18 % (v/v) and immobilized cells Ca-Alginate and K-Carrageenan at a density of 2% (w/v) with amyl alcohol as solvent. Based on the result of this study, it is concluded that the total sugar concentration influenced the concentration, yield and productivity of ethanol. The result of this study for immobilized Ca-Alginate cells showed that the maximum ethanol product concentration, yield and productivity were 7.28% g/l, 57.48 g/l, 38.22%, 71.85 g/l.hr, respectively. Meanwhile, immobilized K-Carrageenan cells showed the maximum ethanol product concentration, yield and productivity as 7.22% /56.99 g/l, 26.73%, and 68.40 g/l.hr, respectively. In extraction process, increasing amyl alcohol solvent flow rate will increase mass transfer and hence increase ethanol recovery.
Co-Authors Abdul Hafid Abubakar Tuhuloula Achmad Roesyadi Adi Soeprijanto Aditya Akhmad Sony Afan Hamzah, Afan Afri Dwijatmiko Aisyah Alifatul Altway, Saidah Anggraheny, Nurul Annasit Annasit Atha Pahlevi Ayu Larasati Azka Afuza Bayu Yusuf Budhikarjono, Kuswandi Kusno Dwi Arimbi Wardaningrum Eldira Nindri Wena Endah Prasetyo Rini Eriska Wahyu Kusuma Erlinda Ningsih, Erlinda Fadillatul Taufany Fadlilatul Taufany Faris Adrian Firsta Hardiyanto Gissa Navira Sevie Haqqyana Haqqyana Harahap, A. H. Hendi Riesta Mulya Istiyanie, Dewi Istiyanie, Dewi Junety Monde Juwari Juwari K Kusnaryo K Kuswandi Karnila Willard Koatlely Serpara Kusnarjo Kusnarjo Kuswandi Kuswandi Kuswandi Kuswandi Kuswandi Kuswandi Lailatul Qadariyah Lailatul Qomariyah, Lailatul Lily Pudjiastuti, Lily Ling Ling M Rachimoellah M Rachimoellah Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Margono Margono Medya Ayunda Fitri Merisa Veronika Suparto Meydita, A. D. Miftah Imam Maarif Mochamad Sidiq Muhammad Alraedi Syukharial Muhammad Anshorulloh Mukhlish Muhammad Fadlan Minallah Muhammad Iqbal Musfil AS Nabila Farras Balqis Nadhifa Auria Andini Nonot Soewarno Nora Amelia Novitrie Novitrie, Nora Amelia Nuniek Hendrianie Nur Aini Nadhifah Nur Ihda Farihatin Nisa Nur Ihda Farikhatin Nisa Nur Ihda Farikhatin Nisa Nurkhamidah, Siti Palupi, A. E. Prapti Ira Kumala Sari R. Darmawan Darmawan Rachmaniah, Orchidea Ragilia Rahma Maulidia Renanto Handogo Rendra Panca Anugraha Ruben Leonardo Panjaitan Salasa Ariq Sungkono Samuel Sembiring Siti Machmudah Siti Nurchamidah Siti Nurkamidah Siti Zullaikah Sri Rachmania Juliastuti Sugeng Winardi Suhadi Suhadi Suhadi Suprapto Suprapto Suprapto Suprapto Surya Rachmadani Susianto S Susianto Susianto Susianto Susianto Tantular Nurtono Tri Widjaja Tri Widjaja Trisna Kumala Dhaniswara W Widiyastuti Wahyu Adinda Larasati Widiyastuti Winardi, S. Winardi, Sugeng Wulansari, Dessy Yeni Rahmawati, Yeni Yosita Dyah Anindita Yunita D Indrasari Zulfahmi Hawali