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Journal : The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS)

Potential of Kesambi Active Compound (Schleichera oleosa) as Antagonist G-Protein Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER1) by In Silico Radita Intan Aisyah Pratiwi; Sri Widyarti; Sutiman Bambang Sumitro
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.01.07

Abstract

Tamoxifen is a treatment for breast cancer patients which can cause side effects of endometrial cancer because it acts as a GPER1 agonist. Active compounds from Schleichera oleosa are known to have anticancer potential, such as schleicheol and schleicherastatin, especially their ability to prevent cell proliferation. This research conducted an in silico study to determine the potential of the active compound from S. Oleosa as a GPER1 inhibitor. In silico studies include molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The data obtained are binding affinity values, potential energy, RMSD, RMSF, and conformational changes. Active compound candidates with the lowest binding affinity were selected, namely Schleicheol 1 (SCL1), Lupeol (LU), Lupeol acetate (LA), Betulinic acid (BA), and Schleicherastatin 3 (SCR3) with an order of score -8.6, - 8.5, -8.4, -8.4 and -8.4 kcal.mol-1. When complexed with GPER1-Estradiol and GPER1-Tamoxifen, the lowest binding affinity was LU (-8.6 and -8.7 kcal.mol-1). LU binds to the same amino acid as Estradiol and Tamoxifen, namely Leu:271. Based on molecular dynamics, RMSD All (receptor complex) ranged from 3,723 to 5,098 Å, above the normal limit of 3 Å. However, RMSD All shows stability starting from 1.5 ns so that the resulting data can be used. The RMSF value showed higher fluctuations than Tamoxifen at the same binding site as Tamoxifen, including SCL1-T, LU-T, LA-T, and BA-T, which can interfere with the function of the GPER1 receptor. LU, LA, BA, SCL1-T LU-T, and LA-T with GPER1 produce the same structural changes as G15 as GPER1 antagonists. The active compound, especially lupeol, which has the lowest binding affinity, is predicted to have the potential to inhibit GPER1 in silico so that it can be proposed for further testing. Keywords: Endometrial Cancer, GPER1, Schleichera oleosa, Tamoxifen.
Peran Puerarin terhadap Aktivitas Intra dan Ekstraseluler pada Kultur Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Pasca Induksi Leptin Mochamad Sasmito Djati; Satuman Satuman; Retty Ratnawati; Sri Widyarti; Erly Nur Aisyah; Noer Hasanah; Eko Puji Astuti; Ririn Rochmawati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1196.788 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2011.001.01.05

Abstract

Beberapa penelitian terkini menyebutkan bahwa leptin merupakan salah satu penyebab disfungsi endotel yang merupakan salah satu penyebab aterogenesis. Antioksidan puerarin diduga memiliki kemampuan untuk mencegah mekanisme aterogenesis yang distimulasi oleh beberapa sitokin. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan dan mengetahui potensi puerarin untuk menghambat ekspresi dan aktivitas intra dan ekstraseluler VCAM-1, PPAR-ɣ, SOD dan H2O2, apoptosis dan nekrosis pada kultur Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) yang diinduksi 25 ng ml-1 leptin. Penelitian ini mempergunakan sel kultur primer HUVECs yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok 0 ng ml-1 dan 0 µM puerarin, kelompok sel yang diinduksi 25 ng ml-1 leptin selama 12 jam, kelompok induksi puerarin 5, 25, 200 dan 525 µM puerarin selama enam jam tanpa leptin, kelompok induksi leptin dan puerarin dengan konsentrasi 5, 25, 200 dan 525 µM selama enam jam. Aktivitas VCAM-1 dan PPAR-ɣ diketahui dengan analisis imunositokimia, metode ELISA digunakan untuk analisis aktivitas SOD dan H2O2. Apoptosis dan nekrosis sel dianalisis setelah HUVECs diberi penanda BrdU selama 20 jam. Data dianalisis dengan analisis satu jalur (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi 25 ng ml-1 dapat meningkatkan ekspresi VCAM-1 (2,68 ± 0,15)% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 0 ng ml-1 (0,54 ± 0,15)%. Perlakuan induksi puerarin 5, 25, 200, 525 μM memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ekspresi VCAM-1 meskipun pengaruh ini tidak signifikan. Puerarin dapat menekan apoptosis dan nekrosis sel, 525 μM puerarin secara efektif dapat menekan ekspresi PPAR-ɣ. Puerarin tidak memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap aktivitas ekstraseluler berdasarkan hasil analisis aktivitas SOD dan H2O2. Kata kunci: apoptosis, H2O2, HUVECs, nekrosis, leptin, puerarin, VCAM-1, PPAR-ɣ, SOD
Effect of Maintenance at Different Salinity against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Infection Level in Post Larvae Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Attabik Mukhammad Amrillah; Sri Widyarti; Yuni Kilawati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (961.573 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2015.005.02.01

Abstract

White spot syndrime virus (WSSV) is a highly contagious disease in shrimp culture and causing 100% death within 3-10 days of clinical symptoms. WSSV can infect shrimp in post larvae stage (PL) to a size of 40 g. This study was aimed to determine the effect of different salinity against WSSV infection level in post larvae vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In this study PL 40 size of vannamei shrimp infected with WSSV in virus concentration 20 μg.mL-1 in three different salinity is 5 ppt, 15 ppt, 25 ppt for 4 hours using the soaking method then maintened for 7 days post-infection and then infection level and water quality observed. Data analysis used simple linear regression and F test with a confidence level 95% (P <0.05). The results indicate changes in behavior between healthy and infected shrimp in three levels (mild, moderate, severe). The highest total mild infection in salinity treatment of 25 ppt by 30%, the highest total medium infection at salinity treatment 25 ppt by 37%, the highest total severe infection at salinity treatment 5 ppt by 57%. Shrimp that have mild level of infection are increasing in concominant higher salinity, while the severe infection level has decreases with increasing salinity. Keywords: Infection Level, Litopenaeus vannamei, Post Larvae, Salinity, WSSV
Bioactivity of Sauropus androgynus and Elephantopus scaber to CD4+IL2+ and CD4+IL4+ T Cells Modulation in Balb/c Pregnant Mice Model of Typhoid Yayu Tsamrotul Fuadah; Moch. Sasmito Djati; Sri Widyarti
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1046.997 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2015.005.02.02

Abstract

Pregnant woman have higher risk to get infection, because pregnancy decreasing the cell T activity. Sauropus androgynus and Elephantopus scaber has substance like saponin and flavonoid which has been well known as natural imunomodulator, particularly to increase amount of immunocompetent cell. This research is important to recognize effective supplement supply for immunomodulator of S. androgynus and E. scaber to increase mice's (Mus musculus Balb/c) immune system. This research conducted in seven treatments by 3 repetitions for each treatment by using pregnant mice which has been infected by bacteria Salmonella typhimurium (dose 107 CFU.mL-1). Bacteria are injected to mice intraperitoneal in day 5th after giving combination of extract E. scaber and S. androgynus. The dose of E. scaber and S. androgynus combination are 200; 150:37.5; 100:75; 50: 112.5; 150. Five group of treatment were infected by S. typhimurium. Two other groups were the control, namely negative control which was only given NaCMC 0.05% without infection and positive control which was given NaCMC 0.05% and infected by S. typhimurium. After being injected, treatment was redone till the day of surgery. The surgery was executed in day 12th and 18th of pregnancy. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (p < 0.05) and Duncan test. Result indicated that extract of S. androgynus and E. scaber could increase amount of immune system in pregnant mice. This was indicated from significant increasing in amount of cell T CD4+IL2+ and CD4+IL4+ in pregnant mice which has been infected by S. thypimurium. Formula of extract S. androgynus and E. scaber which could return immune condition was approached condition of healthy pregnant mice such as E. scaber 200 mg.kg-1 BW; E. scaber 100 mg.kg-1 BW and S. androgynus 75 mg.kg-1 BW; E. scaber 50 mg.kg-1 BW and S. androgynus 112.5 mg.kg-1 BW; and S. androgynus 150 mg.kg-1 BW, respectively. Keywords: CD4+IL2+,CD4+IL4+, E. scaber, Immunomodulator, S. androgynus, S. typhimurium
Bioactivity of Combination Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus on the Level of B220 cells of Lymph Node in Pregnant Typhoid BALB/c Mice Lulut Dwi Nurmamulyosari; Muhammad Sasmito Djati; Sri Widyarti
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (952.554 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2015.005.02.03

Abstract

Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus are herbal remedies that contain flavonoids as immunomodulatory agents. This study was aimed to observe the changes in the relative number of B cells in lymph node tissue of pregnant typhoid mice. Mice were divided into seven groups K-, K+, E. scaber 200 mg.kg-1 BW,  E. scaber 150 mg.kg-1 BW + S. androgynus 37.5 mg.kg-1 BW,  E. scaber 100 mg.kg-1 BW + S. androgynus 75 mg.kg-1 BW,  E. scaber 50 mg.kg-1 BW + S. androgynus 112.5 mg.kg-1 BW, dan S. androgynus 150 mg.kg-1 BW. Mice were dissected on the 12th and 18th day after herbal treatment. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA (p < 0.05) and Duncan. The result show that E. scaber combination of 200 mg.kg-1 BW and E. scaber 150 mg.kg-1 BW + S. androgynus 37.5 mg.kg-1 BW can increase the number of B220 cells (p < 0,05) on pregnant mice typoid model. Keywords: B220, Elephantopus scaber, pregnant, Sauropus androgynus, typhoid fever
The Effect of E. scaber Extract to TNF-α and TGF-β on Mice under Carcinogen Treatment Rizki Amalia; Sri Widyarti; Moch. Sasmito Djati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 8 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1261.273 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2018.008.02.02

Abstract

Carcinogen compounds are the compounds that cause DNA damage and trigger cancer. TNF-α and TGF-β are cytokines produced by immune cells and serve to maintain body homeostasis. Elephantopus scaber is a plant that prevents the cancer progression, and improve the body's immune system, so this study was conducted to determine the effect of E. scaber extract on TNF-α and TGF-β after the administration of carcinogen compounds. The study was conducted by administering the carcinogen compound DMBA with a dosage of 0.56 mg kg-1 BW and estradiol with a dose of 0.0504 mg kg-1 BW which was given alternately for 8 weeks to the Mus musculus test animals. The study was conducted in 3 groups: K- (the normal group of mice), K + (a carcinogen-induced group of mice), and P (a group of carcinogen-induced mice and E. scaber extract). The treatment was done in 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. Immune cells were isolated from splenocytes and performed immunostaining for flow cytometry analysis. The computed relative amount is TNF-α produced by macrophages CD11b and TGF-β produced by Treg CD4CD25. The relative number of cells was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and advanced Tukey test with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed no significant differences in the number of cytokines TNF-α and TGF-β in both the carcinogen-induced mice group and the mice group was given the extract of Elephantopus scaber for 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks. Keywords: Carcinogen, Elephantopus scaber, TNF-α, TGF-β
Analysis Activity of Elephantopus scaber Leaves Extract Against Quantitative Changes of Lymphocytes Cells in BALB/c Mice After Induction of DMBA and Estrogen Lailiyavina Rochmatika; Sri Widyarti; Muhammad Sasmito Djati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1127.489 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2019.009.03.08

Abstract

The carcinogenic compounds such as DMBA known for having the ability to promote the DNA damage that affects the growth regulator genes. Therefore, uncontrolled cell growth will occur and change the immune system. Elephantopus scaber extract is considered as an alternative way of handling breast cancer since it capable to affect the work of the immune system. Hence, this study aims to determine the effect of E. scaber extract on quantitative changes of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and proinflammatory cytokines CD4+IFNγ+ and CD4+TNF-α+ after induction of DMBA and estrogen. In vivo experiments were carried out by using 5-6 weeks old of female mice BALB/c strain. The extract of E. scaber leaf powder was obtained from Material Medica Batu, Malang. The experimental animals were divided into five groups such as negative control group (K-), positive control group (K+), mice treated with E. scaber extract for a week (group 1), mice treated with E. scaber extract for 2 weeks (group 2), and mice treated with E. scaber extract for 3 weeks (group 3). Induction of DMBA and estrogen was conducted by injection of DMBA (7.12 dimetylbenz (α) anthracene) 0.56 mg.kgBW-1 and estradiol hormone 0.0504 mg.kgBW-1. Mice were treated with E. scaber extract with a dose of 50 mg.kgBW-1. Lymphocytes were isolated from spleen and observed the CD4+, CD8+ T cells and proinflammatory cytokines CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD4+TNFα+ T cells through flow cytometry analysis. One-way ANOVA (p <0.05) and SPSS were used to analyze this data. The results showed that the induction of DMBA and estradiol hormone affected mice fur loss. It also decreased the immune system by lowering the number of CD4 and CD8 T cells. However, E. scaber extracts increased the number of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α. Furthermore, the DMBA and estradiol induction also promoted the number of CD4+IFN-γ+ in the first week, but decreased the number of CD4+IFN-γ+ at weeks 2 and 3, then increase the number of CD4+IFN-γ+. So, the treatment of E. scaber extracts demonstrated the ability to restore the homeostasis of the immune system in the first and second weeks.  Keywords: CD4+, CD8+, DMBA, estrogen, E.scaber, IFN-γ+, TNF-α+
The Study of Combination Ethanol Extract of Averrhoa bilimbi L. and Momordica charantia L. on CD4+CD25+TGF-β+ Spleenocytes of Hyperglycemia Mice Harits Amrulloh; Bella Novinda; Intan Sartika; Sri Widyarti; Muhaimin Rifa'i
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 10 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2020.010.03.05

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the four priority non-infectious diseases in the world. Plant-based medicine is an alternative treatment with few side effects. Star fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) are plants that have anti-hyperglycemic activity. Hyperglycemia produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that make the β-cells of the pancreas necrosis that decreasing insulin synthesis. The anti-inflammatory activity appears based on the relative levels of CD4+ and CD25+, which are TGF-β-producing regulatory T cells where TGF-β is a mediator that acts as an immunosuppressant. TGF-β would induce CD4 + T lymphocytes into T reg. The purpose of this study is to determine the profile of TGF-β on CD4+ and CD25+ spleenocytes on hyperglycemia mice after ABMC (Averrhoa bilimbi Momordica charantia mix) treatment. Mice were divided into 5 groups, non-diabetic (N), hyperglycemia (H), hyperglycemia with extract doses of 10 mg.kg-1 BW (P1), 40 mg.kg-1 BW (P2), and 160 mg.kg-1 BW (P3). Diabetic mice were obtained after a single injection dose of 145 mg.kg-1 BW streptozotocin (STZ). The result showed that ABMC can reduce blood sugar levels faster and able reduce the number of CD4+TGF-β+ cells in hyperglycemia mice. Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi L., CD4+TGF-β+, CD25+TGF-β+, hyperglycemia, Momordica charantia L.
Adaptive Immune Response Stimulation on Nephrolithiasis Mice Model after Treatment of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) Leaf Extract Khoirin Maghfiroh; Muhaimin Rifa'i; Sri Widyarti
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (890.837 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.02.02

Abstract

Calcium crystal accumulation on kidney can cause kidney stone (nephrolithiasis). The oxalate calcium crystal which is deposite on the kidney can trigger inflammation on the epithelial that is able to induce cells death (necrosis). The necrosis is able to cause inflammation and it will affect the body's immune system. Infection agent that comes to the body will be responded by the innate immunity which will be responded later by adaptive immunity. One of herbal agent that is expected to be used to stimulate adaptive immunity response is Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) leaf extract. The aim of this study is to find out the change of relative amount of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B (B220) cells on nephrolithiasis mice model after S.arvensis leaf extract. The mice are divided into six groups; control group, placebo, nephrolithiasis, S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days, nephrolithiasis then it is continued with S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days, and simultaneous (nephrolithiasis and S.arvensis leaf extract for 3 months). The amount of relative T lymphocyte cells is measured by using BD FACSCalibur FlowcytometerTM. The data is analyzed by using ANOVA one way (p<0.05) using SPSS 16.0 software for Windows. The result shows that there are changes of relative CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B (B220) cells on nephrolithiasis mice model after the giving of S.arvensis leaf extract. The treatment of S.arvensis leaf extract on the nephrolithiasis mice model can stimulate the homeostatic activity by suppressing the B cells. Compound of S.arvensis leaf extract that can inhibit of Th1 cells and the increase of Th2 cells by proliferation cells activity. The treatment of S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days can suppress CD4+. The S.arvensis leaf extract can stimulate adaptive immune response which is caused by immunomodulatory active component.Keywords: Nephrolithiasis, Sonchus arvensis L., leaf extract, adaptive immune response.
The Immunomodulatory Effect of Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus Extract to Cellular Immune Response in Pregnant Mus muscullus Infected by Salmonella typhimurium Nur Jannah; Moch. Sasmito Djati; Sri Widyarti
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (944.87 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2016.006.01.02

Abstract

Pregnancy has a high risk and is more susceptible to infectious diseases. E. scaber and S. androgynus contains saponins and flavonoids as an immunomodulatory that can increase the body's immunity. The purpose of this study is to determine the immunomodulatory effects of E. scaber and S. androgynus leaf extract against cellular immune response in pregnant mice infected S. typhimurium. This research used seven treatment groups including negative control (K-) mice without injected S. typhimurium, positive control (K+) mice were injected S. typhimurium and extract treatment with 5 variant doses and dissected on the 12th and 18th days. Lymphocytes was isolated from the blood, then relative number of CD4+ and CD8+ were analyzed with flow cytometry and data continued with ANOVA. Statistical analysis showed that different extract dose and duration of treatment had a significant effect on the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. E. scaber and S. androgynus act as immunomudulatory effect and treatment with combination of extracts E. scaber and S. androgynus 50 mg.kg-1 BW + 112.5 mg.kg-1 BW respectively and treatment with extract of S. androgynus 150 mg.kg-1 BW are the optimum treatment which can restore immune system conditions such as normal pregnancy without infection.Keywords: Cellular Immune, E. scaber, Immunomodulatory, S. androgynus, S. typhimurium.
Co-Authors A'liyatur Rosidah A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W A’liyatur Rosyidah Ahmad Soni Ahmad Soni Amandia Dewi Permana Shita Apik Budi Santoso Arief Azhary Aris Soewondo Aris Suwondo Askandar Tjokroprawiro Attabik Mukhammad Amrillah Attabik Mukhammad Amrillah Bella Novinda Cholilia Abadiatul Masruroh Cholilia Abadiatul Masruroh Daniar Kusumawati Dayu Nirwana Putri Dewi Parlina Ningrum Dian Siswanto Djanggan Sargowo Eko Puji Astuti Erly Nur Aisyah Hafiedz Maulana Harits Amrulloh Intan Sartika Is Karima Karima, Is Khoirin Maghfiroh Khoirin Maghfiroh Lailiyavina Rochmatika Linda Kartika Dewi Lulut Dwi Nurmamulyosari M. Irsyad Nur Maftuch Maftuch Marji Marji Moch Sasmito Djati Mochammad Pratama Viadi Mohammad Mabrur Muhaimin Rifa&#039;i Muhaimin Rifa&#039;i Muhaimin Rifa&#039;i Muhaimin Rifa'i Muhaimin Rifa'i Muhaimin Rifa'i Muhaimin Rifai&#039;i Muhamad Aris Widodo Naqiyah A. Mulachelah Noer Hasanah Nunung Harijati Nur Jannah Nur Permatasari Nur Permatasari Nuzulul Hikmah Radita Intan Aisyah Pratiwi Rasjad Indra Retno Susilowati Retty Ratnawati Ria Rismawati Rifa'i, Muhaimin Rike Wahyuningroom Rike Wahyuningroom Ririn Rochmawati Rizki Amalia Rodiyati Azrianingsih Rodiyati Azrianingsih Rosidah, A'liyatur Rosyidah, A’liyatur Satuman Satuman Serafinah Indriyani Sherry Aristyani Siti Imama Khoiriyah Sofy Permana Soni, Ahmad Sri Rahayu Sri Rahayu Sri Rahayu Sri Rahayu Sri Rahayu SRI RAHAYU Suroso Suroso Sutiman B. Sumitro Sutiman B. Sumitro Sutiman B. Sumitro Sutiman Bambang Sumitro Suwondo, Aris Syahputra Wibowo Teguh Suprihatin Teguh Suprihatin Widodo Widodo Yayu Tsamrotul Fuadah Yoga Dwi Jatmiko Yoga Dwi Jatmiko Yuni Kilawati Zauhani Kusnul