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Journal : Rekayasa Mesin

Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Terhadap Kuantitas Char Hasil Pirolisis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Macrophylla) Pada Rotary 39 Kiln Qiram, Ikhwanul; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny; Wijayanti, Widya
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.796 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.6

Abstract

Pirolysis is thermochemical decomposition process of biomass into useful product. One kind of method that can be used is a Rotary Kiln pirolyzer which is consist a heating cylinder that rotates with a certain rotation speed. This research is aimed to get the effect of temperature due to Char product quantity of switenia macrophylla Rotary Kiln pirolysis.The research has done by pirolysis experiment with 200 gram of switenia macrophylla in dust form. Temperature was varied 250 C, 350 o C, 450 o C, 500 o C, and 600 C. The heating temperature was provided by eletric heater with control system. Temperatur was measured with K type thermocouple. The heating process has taken for 180 minutes using stopwatch. The measurement has done for biomass and Char volume using measuring cup. Mass was measured by using mass scale. Low heating value was measured by using bomb calorimeter. The result show that the temperature has effect due to Char product of switenia macrophylla Rotary Kiln pirolysis. The loss of Char mass is tend to increase due to temperature increases. Low heating value and Char porosity is tend to increase due to mass loss percentage increases. Shrinking factor and percentage of yield energy is tend to decrease due to mass loss percentage increasing.
Pembakaran Premixed Minyak Nabati pada Bunsen Burner Type Silinder La Muhaya, Syamsul Bahri; Wardana, ING.; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (642.074 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.7

Abstract

In the premixed combustion wave propagation combustion occurs is called the flame front. Premixed flame will propagate at the speed of moving towards the reactants unique. If the speed of the reactants is equal to the speed of propagation of fire, the fire (reaction zone) will be stationary. It is necessary to follow up on the influence of equivalence ratio (φ) varied with laminar flame speed (SL) in the premixed combustion of vegetable oil (virgin coconut oil, jatropha and cotton seeds). Research using experimental (true experimental research), which is put through direct observation by the equivalence ratio (φ), 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8 m / l, to determine the causal relationship. Then the results showed a pattern of fire Bunsen burner pure coconut oil with equivalence ratio (φ), namely: 2.00, 1.87, 1.78, and 1.66, jatropha oil with equivalence ratio (φ) are: 1.73, 1.62, 1:52, and 1:44 and seed oil kapok with equivalence ratio (φ) are: 1.76, 1.65, 1:55, and 1:46, the richer the air the flame pattern that looks smaller and smaller until the blow off. This happens because the richer the air causes the fuel has an air excess so that the fuel (fuel) burning diffusion semakain reduced and cause combustion close to the surface of the tip of the nozzle Bunsen burner to high flame formed shorter until there blow off or extinguished.
Pengaruh Temperatur Larutan Triethylamine (Tea), Air dan Ca(OH) 2 terhadap Pelepasan CO 2 pada Proses Pemurnian Biogas Kurniawan, Zulkifli; Wardana, ING; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Rekayasa Mesin Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (508.399 KB)

Abstract

Biogas is renewable fuel that generated by bacteria activities in anaërobic organic matter process. Biogas composed by CH 4 17 (54% to 70%), CO2 (27% to 45%) and impurities gas such as N2 , H2O, CO, H2S. The CO2 on biogas should be reduced because it’s as inhibitor that reduces heat of biogas flame. This research proposed to reduce CO 2 in the packed column purification system by using TEA, H2O, and Ca(OH)2 solution as absorber.The absorber temperature were variated 35o, 45o, 55omand 65oC for knowing performance absorber reduce CO2 at the flow rate of CO 2 and CH4 , entering packed collum by 0.1 l/m, release time of CO2 in heater was eight minutes by comparison CH4 , and CO2 i.e. 80 % -20 %, 85 % -15 %, 90 % -10 % and 95 % -5 %. The result of this study was the higher the temperature heating, the higher the percentage of CO2 released. Absorbentt TEA + H2O and combined TEA + H2O + Ca(OH)2 , improve absorption of CO2 in a linear manner at a temperature of warming 35, 45, 55, 65 c.Keywords : Biogas, Absorption, Temperature, TEA, H2O, Ca(OH)2
Karakteristik Pembakaran Biobriket Kulit dan Cangkang Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis) dengan Perekat Glyserin Mariki, I Wayan Wawan; Wahyudi, Slamet; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Rekayasa Mesin Vol 8, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (550.831 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2017.008.01.1

Abstract

Some studies have been done on utilizing biomass from agriculture such as the leather and shell of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) were not used optimally in Indonesia as an alternative energy which developed by making biobriquet to achieved the higher energy that could be used in the combustion process. In this study, the biobriquet was made of the leather and the shell of rubber by comparisson of the leather and shell were: 0%: 91%; 45.5%: 45.5%; 55%: 36%; 64%: 27%; 91%: 0%.Glyserin 9% for each percentage of biobriquet was used as adhesive material and the drying temperature of 110 C. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of biobriquet combustion which made of the leather and shell of rubber. The results shows that the biobriquet combustion process which made of 64% rubber leather and 27% rubber shell has a calorific value of 5313,923 Kal/gr. In 20 seconds of initial ignition, the combustion process shows the improvement such as increased concentrations of the flammable leather, bluish red fire.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Katalis (Zeolit) Terhadap Kinetic Rate Tar Hasil Pirolisis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Macrophylla) Kumara, Dody Candra; Wijayanti, Widya; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (723.311 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.3

Abstract

This research was conducted to find out the influence of the use of a catalyst (zeolite) against kinetic rate results of tar pyrolysis of sawdust mahogany. research process undertaken experimentally with temperature 523K and 873K on the heating rate 673 K/hour. pyrolysis is done for 3 hours with wood powder particle size 0,5 – 1 mm. before use activated zeolite in advance by means of heated at a temperature of 400 °c for 1 hour. the results showed the value of kinetic rate tar with zeolites greater than without zeolites , where the value of the kinetic rate equation obtained i.e. 𝑘 = 185,49. 𝑒 −2779/𝑇 (heating rate 673 K/hour without zeolite) and 𝑘 = 93,037. 𝑒 (heating rate 673 K/hour with zeolite). The results of the validation shows the value addition in the calculation of the volume is already approaching the actual value.
Karakteristik Produksi Browns Gas Dengan Menggunakan Tenaga Matahari Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny; Hamidi, Nurkholis; Wijono, Wijono
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (211.847 KB)

Abstract

Renewable energy has potentials to be developed to meet our energy needs in the future. One promising energy source is browns gas. Browns gas is a mixture of di-atomic and mono-atomic of hydrogen and oxygen. One effort to produce browns gas is through the process of electrolysis of water. However, the process of electrolysis still considered a process uneconomical and inefficient, since the energy of electrochemical decomposition of water is relatively high. Thus, the challenge of brown gas production is reducing electrical energy. In this study, we propose to use solar energy for browns gas production plant, since the solar energy is environmentally friendly energy sources available so abundant in Indonesia. The experiment was carried out in two methods. First, the electrolysis was done using electricity produced by the solar panel directly without voltage control. The second method, the voltage of electricity from the solar panel was controlled using a regulator then it used for the water electrolysis. The results show that the direct method generates fluctuative electricity with the rate power of 29.67 Watt. This electricity was used for electrolysis process and produced brown gas 0,1393 g for 4 hours. On the other hand the in-direct method generated power relatively constant at 18.3 Watt and produced the brown gas about 0.1365 g.Keywords: solar energy, browns gas, electrolysis, hydrogen
Simulasi Numeris Karakteristik Pembakaran CH4/CO2/Udara dan CH4/CO2/O2 pada Counterflow Premixed Burner Wicaksono, Hangga; Sasongko, Mega Nur; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 8, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (757.448 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2017.008.02.6

Abstract

The high amount of CO2 produced in a conventional biogas reactor needs to be considered. A further analysis is needed in order to investigate the effect of CO2 addition especially in thermal and chemical kinetics aspect. This numerical study has been held to analyze the effect of CO2 in CH4/CO2/O­2 and CH4/CO2/Air premixed combustion. In this study one dimensional analisys in a counterflow burner has been performed. The volume fraction of CO2 used in this study was 0%-40% from CH4’s volume fraction, according to the amount of CO2 in general phenomenon. Based on the flammability limits data, the volume fraction of CH4 used was 5-61% in O2 environment and 5-15% in air environment. The results showed a decreasing temperature along with the increasing percentage of CO2 in each mixtures, but the effect was quite smaller especially in stoichiometric and lean mixture. CO2 could affects thermally (by absorbing heat due to its high Cp) and also made the production of unburnt fuel species such as CO relatively higher.
Pemetaan Potensi Energi Angin di Perairan Indonesia Berdasarkan Data Satelit QuikScat dan WindSat Dida, Hero P; Suparman, Sudjito; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (666.453 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2016.007.02.7

Abstract

There were two kinds of monsoon winds in Indonesia. They are the east and the west monsoon winds. Both of them blow alternately in a year through the Indonesian territory. The velocity and energy of monsoon winds in Indonesian territorial sea were mapped by using MatLab program. The velocity and energy data were obtained by using QuikSCAT satellite from January 1999 until December 2009, meanwhile WindSat from January 2004 until December 2014. The results show that high energy of monsoon winds start from Indian oceans until Nusa Tenggara sea, then from Arafuru sea to Banda sea, Java sea, Karimata strait and the southern region of south Sulawesi.
Pengaruh Ukuran Butir Pasir Besi dan Volume Air Laut pada Absorber Type Fins Solar Destilation terhadap Produktifitas Air Tawar Anggara, Mietra; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny; Sasongko, Mega Nur
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 7, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.26 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2016.007.03.5

Abstract

The needs of clean water is especially increased for the living in coastal. Because of that, a simple equipment and low cost operation is needed. Distillation is a method to convert sea water to fresh water by using solar energy. Various research on absorbent plate solar still has been done to increase productivity and efficiency of distillation. In the study, fins absorbent plate was tested with iron ore grain size variation of 0,125 cm, 0,250 cm and flat absorbent plate with iron ore grain size variation of 0,125 cm. The volume of salt water in the basin is also varied of 1, 2, and 4 liters. The results shown that the fin absorbent plate with iron ore size of 0.125 cm and the volume of 1 liter have the highest freshwater productivity and efficiency of 3,7 l/m day and53,55%, respectively. The daily sun radiation of 16,071 MJ/m .day. The quality of resulted fresh water has fulfilled the standard for drinking water, hence it is consumable.
Peningkatan Kualitas Bahan Bakar Biogas Melalui Proses Pemurnian Dengan Zeolit Alam Hamidi, Nurkholis; Gede Wardana, I Nyoman; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 2, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (150.331 KB)

Abstract

Biogas from digester consists primarily of methan (CH4) and carbondioxyde (CO2). Trace components that are often present in biogas are water vapor (H2O) , hydrogen sulfide (H2S),hydrocarbons (HC), ammonia (NH3, oxygen (O2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2). In order to improve the quality of biogas, a cleaning process to remove the trace components and an upgrading process to adjust the calorific value are needed. A number of techniques have been developed to remove the trace components from biogas. In this experiment, however, chemical absorption of CO2 and H2S by solid zeolite in a plastic bag was experimentally investigated. The solid zeolite was activated by heat treatment and KOH. Absorption characteristics were examined. Test results revealed that the solid zeolite used were effective in adsorbed CO2 and H2S in biogas, creating CH4 enriched fuel. Absorption capability was transient in nature. With regular replacement or regeneration of used solid zeolite, upgraded biogas can be maintained. This technique proved to be promising in upgrading biogasquality.Keywords: KOH compound, calorific value of biogas, zeolite.