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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 02163160     EISSN : 22523901     DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 565 Documents
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The Strategy For Selecting Institutional Model And Financial Analysis Of Sesame Agroindustry Luluk Sulistiyo Budi; M. Syamsul Ma’arif; Illah Sailah; Sapta Raharja
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Business institution is one of the important components to develop an agroindustry.  The aim of this  research was to find the appropriate institutional model for sesame agroindustry based on financial feasibility analysis comprises Net Present Value  (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Pay Back Period (PBP) and Net B/C Ratio. The method to develop strategy was Analytical Hirarchy Process (AHP) approach, while to choose an institution was exponential comparison method (MPE).  The results of analysis showed that the main factor in developing strategy of sesame agroindustry based on evaluation value were market demand (0.209), and material quality and availability (0.198).  The main actors were bussinessman (0.129) and the local goverment (0.123). The main objective for sesame agroindustrial development was increasing farmer income (0.216). The results of analysis based on aggregate weighting showed that the appropriate development institutions were integrated agroindustrial cooperative pattern (117,106,036) and self-sufficient bussiness pattern (107,560,765).  Based on financial analysis, it was known that  opportunity level (discount rate) was 20%, NPV was Rp 292,796,108.90, Net B/C was 1.27, IRR 22.04% and PBP was 1.34%. In conclusion, the development of the sesame-based agroindustry with cooperative institutional pattern was feasible. Keyword  : strategy, institution, cooperation,  sesame agroindustry, financial analysis.
The Study On Microencapsulation Of Vanilla Extract Dwi Setyaningsih; Reni Rahmalia; . Sugiyono
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Natural vanilla extract microencapsulation was done by spray drying method, using maltodextrin DE10 and modified cassava starch (Flomax 8) as coating material. Selection of coating material ratio of maltodextrin DE10 : Flomax8 (1:0, 1:1, 0:1, 1:2, 2:1) was done as pre-treatment, resulted in an optimum ratio of 2:1. Three different treatments were applied: type of coating material (maltodextrin DE10, and maltodextrin DE10: Flomax8 = 2:1), coating material concentration (10, 20, and 30%) and vanilla extract - coating material ratio (3:2, 2:1 and 3:1). Type of coating material, coating concentration and ratio between vanilla extract and coating material gave a significant difference to the yield, vanillin content and vanillin recovery. Vanillin extract coated by maltodextrin DE10:Flomax8 2:1 gave yield, vanillin content and vanillin recovery higher than only maltodextrin. The highest vanillin content and vanillin recovery obtained from 30% concentration of coating material. The higher ratio of vanillin extract to coating material gave the higher vanillin content, but recovery was lower. The type of coating material gave a significant effect to the solubility of vanilla powder. The concentration of coating material and ratio between extract vanilla and coating material did not affect the solubility. The type of coating materials, coating material concentration and ratio between vanilla extract and coating material did not affect water activity of the obtained vanilla powder.
Development Of Panel Sandwich Products Made From Bamboo Naresworo Nugroho; Jajang Suryana; . Febriyani; Hady Ikhsan
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Composite panel products such as sandwich panel can be used in building construction. The purpose of the first research is to find out the physical and mechanical properties of sandwich panel made from three bamboo species.The species of bamboo used were tali (Gigantochloa apus), ampel (Bambusa vulgaris) and hitam (Gigantochloa atroviolaceae). Those bamboo were used as core, whereas plywood was used as face and back. Part of core represented by pieces of bamboo which was cutting along 4 cm with three compilation patterns of bamboo, those were full circular bamboo pattern, bamboo cleave pattern and the mixed of them. Materials that used in second research were tali bamboo used as core with thickness of 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm and three synthetic adhesives (epoxy, polyurethane, isocyanate). The physical and mechanical properties tested of sandwich panel were moisture meter, density, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond strength. The testing results of the panel were compared to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. The result of physical properties testing from the first research indicated that all of the density of sandwich panel met in the range required by JIS A 5908 standard. The result of mechanical properties showed that sandwich panel made from full circular bamboo pattern raced the best MOE and MOR value. Mean while the species of bamboo did not affect significantly to the mechanical properties of the sandwich panel. Result of second research showed that moisture content and density of sandwich panel has fulfilled the standard limit of JIS A 5890-2003. In mechanical characteristic testing for MOE value passed the standard limit, but MOR value of panel does not fulfill the standard of JIS A 5890-2003. It is expected by off-bonding of adhesive between bamboo and plywood. It can be concluded that combination of sandwich panel with core 3 cm and epoxy resin had the best of physical and mechanical properties.Keywords: bamboo sandwich panel, adhesives, physical properties, mechanical properties.
Deacidification And Decoloration (Jatropha Curcas L.) Using Membrane Microfiltration Ika Amalia Kartika; Sri Yuliani; Dhiani Dyahjatmayanti
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

This study focused on the deacidification and decoloration of crude jatropha oil using microfiltration membrane. The experiment was conducted with hydraulic-pressed jatropha oil and polypropylene (PP) membrane hollow fiber with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 0.01 μm and a permeation area of 1 m2. Several tests were carried out to define the best performance (permeate flux, free fatty acid reduction and clarity) by studying the influence of duration and frequency of backflush.  Permeate flux was low but remained stable for a long period.  No long-term fouling appeared during the membrane processing. The permeate flux increased with transmembrane pressure. In addition, the backflush treatment can recover and increase permeate flux.   The higher permeate flux of 8.42 l/m2.h was obtained under duration and frequency of backflush of 6 seconds and 15 times, respectively. Furthermore, microfiltration membrane was found to have a positive effect on color reduction, but was not affective for deacidification. Keyword:   Microfiltration, Polypropylene, Jatropha oil, Backflush.
Influence Of Glucose And Yeast Extract Toward Production Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa-Protease Inhibitor From Chromohalobacter Sp. 6a3 (Bacteria Associated With Sponge Xetospongia Testudinaria) Tati Nurhayati; Maggy Thenawidjaja; Lilis Nuraida; Sri Budiarti Poerwanto
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

One way to inhibit protease activity is search is compound which can inhibit the enzyme known as protease inhibitor. The bacteria associated with sponge Xetospongia testudinaria, Chromohalobacter sp. 6A3, as producer Pseudomonas aeruginosa-protease inhibitor. Because the compound is important, determination medium composition for producing is very important to be conducted.  The purpose of this research was to determinate the glucose and yeast extract consentration accurately so protease inhibitor would be produced in a short time.  The accurate medium composition for producing the protease inhibitor were 0.1%(w/v) yeast extract; 0.05% (w/v) glucose;  0.5%(w/v) special peptone; 0.2%(v/v) trace element; and 2%(w/v) NaCl at pH 7.Keywords: Chromohalobacter sp., protease inhibitor, sponges.
Kinetics Of Isothermal Adsorption Of Β-Carotene From Crude Palm Olein Using Bentonite . Muslich; Prayoga Suryadharma; R. Indri R. Hayuningtyas
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The adsorption of β-carotene from crude palm olein by using bentonite was investigated. Another adsorbent, which is activated carbons was used as a reference. The adsorption process of β-carotene was done using a mixed reactor. The objectives of this research are to obtain the equilibrium condition and the value of kinetics parameters, which are adsorption rate constant (k) and activation energy (Ea) of isothermal adsorption of β-carotene from crude palm olein using bentonite and activated carbons.  The achievement of equilibrium condition was influenced by adsorption process temperature. Higher adsorption temperature led to faster equilibrium time, but give the different influence for the value of β-carotene concentration in olein (μg/ml) for each adsorbents. Bentonite showed a faster equilibrium time (minute) and lower β-carotene concentration in olein (μg/ml) than activated carbons. For both adsorbents used, Freundlich isotherm model showed a good fit to the adsorption of β-carotene. The adsorption rate constant (k) was ascend by the higher of adsorption temperature. The activation energy of adsorption (Ea) was determined as bentonite 74,28 kcal mol-1 and activated carbons 30,04 kcal mol-1. Value of activation energy (Ea) indicates that adsorption process of β-carotene from crude palm olein by using activated carbon is more effective than that of bentonite.Keywords : adsorption, β-carotene, crude palm olein, bentonite.
The Influence Of Reactant Ratio (Eupcalyptus Lignin – Sodium Bisulfite) And Initial Ph Towards Characteristcs Of Sodium Lignosulfonate Gustini Syahbirin; ABDUL Aziz Darwis; Ani Suryani; Wasrin Syafii
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Eucalyptus lignin was isolated from kraft black liquor through by acidification using H2SO4. Sulfonation of eucalyptus lignin produced sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) which can be used as dispersants, and emulsifier. In this research, sulfonation was carried out towards lignin with mass ratio of eucalyptus lignin-NaHSO3 (b/b) of 1:0.4, 1:0.5, and 1:0.6, and initial pH of 5, 6, 7, 8. Studies on the effect of various ratio of eucalyptus lignin versus NaHSO3 (1 based on w/w) and initial pH of 5,6,and 7 for the sulfonation reaction showed an  increasing yield and improved purity of SLS obtained.  However, no significant result was observed on the application of initial pH  7 and 8 toward increasing of SLS yield and purity.  The highest SLS  yield of 83.8% with  purity of 82.9% was obtained under condition of initial pH at 7 and the mass ratio of eupcayptus lignin over NaHSO3 was 1:0.5.  The resulted SLS was light brown, water soluble, with  pH level between 6.3 and 7.24, and released sulfur-like odor.Key words: lignin, kraft black liquor,  sodium lignosulfonate.
Optimization Of Rubber Seed (Hevea Brasiliensis) Drying In Rubber Seed Oil Extraction For Chamois Leather Tanning Ono Suparno; Ika Amalia Kartika; . Muslich; Gita N. Andayani; Kurnia Sofyan
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Drying is one of the important steps in oil extraction using mechanical pressing.  It can decrease oil hydrolysis and increase yield of oil due to the decrease of oil affinity on the material surface and protein coagulation.  Therefore, the oil will be released easily from seed in the oil extraction using the hydraulic pressing. Objectives of this research were to determine a combination of temperature and duration of drying of rubber seed prior to oil extraction in order to produce oil with the best yield and physico-chemical properties for chamois leather tanning, and to observe the potency of the rubber seed oil as a leather tanning agent.  This research consisted of sortation of rubber seed, rubber seed drying using an oven, oil extraction using a hydraulic pressing, and analysis of physico-chemcal properties of the oil and residue of rubber seed after extracting its oil.  Results of the research shows that the higher temperature and duration of rubber seed drying, the higher oil content in residue and colour of the oil, whereas yield, iodine number, acid number, free-fatty acid content of the oil, as well as water content of the rubber seed decreased.  Based on the highest of yield and iodine number, the best treatment for the rubber seed drying was drying at 70oC for one hour.  This condition resulted in oil with physico-chemical characteristics of oil: yield of 20.52%, colour of  4077 PtCo unit; density of 0.924, viscosity of 160 centipoises, iodine number of 146, acid number of 2.08, FFA of 1.04 %, saponification number of 184.58, and peroxide number of 30.46.  The treatment gave oil content in the residue of   9.84 %. The rubber seed oil was potential for substituting fish oil as tanning agent, as it had iodine number of higher than 120.Keywords: drying, rubber seed, oil, oil tanning, tanning agent, chamois leather.
The Novelty Issues In The Agroindustrial Research .http://172.17.5.57/index.php/jurnaltin/ Sukardi
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

This article discusses some issues of novelty in the agroindustrial research faced by graduate students in the department of Agroindustrial Technology.  It proposes three types of novelty that students may select for their dissertation research, i.e., the novelty type of invention, improvement, and refutation.  These types of novelty are categorized based on some fundamentals background taken from the works of some distinguished scientists and scholars from the early stage of science and technology development to the modern one.  The article argues that if the novelty issues in the agroindustrial research can be perceived, the findings of the research will be the sources of agroindustrial development.  The conjectures in this article are open for discussions, critiques, and objections simply for the sake of improvement of our agroindustry.Keywords: novelty, invention, innovation, refutation.
Software Design For Production Planning Of Chrysantemum Fresh Flower (Case Study At Pt. Alam Indah Bunga Nusantara, Cipanas – West Java) Ratna Sari; Kudang Boro Seminar
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 19 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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This paper describes the development and implementation of software production planning of chrysantemum fresh flower. The software utilizes quantitative method time series (moving average and exponential smoothing) for predicting the demand of fresh flowers. The software is also equipped with a simulation utility (using Monte Carlo method) for computing total cost activity in one greenhouse tunnel during one period plant. Based on the case test observation carried out at PT. Alam Indah Bunga Nusantara Cipanas, it is obtained that the error introduced by qualitative forecasting is 15.12%. The errors of quantitative forecasting using moving average and exponential smoothing are 8.32 %, and 18.72 % respectively. The mean value of total cost simulation (Rp 28.291/m2) does not differ significantly from while the mean value of the real cost production (Rp 28.554/m2). This introduces error equal to 0.92%. Keywords: Chrysantemum, Monte Carlo, planning, production, simulation

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