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Nutritional Status of Schizophrenic Patients Attending Outpatient Department of Psychiatry in Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital Maisyarah, Tiara Aulia; Nugraha, Gaga Irawan; Lidyana, Lynna
Althea Medical Journa Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (633.342 KB)

Background: Currently, schizophrenia is associated with many health problems due to weight changes caused by lifestyle changes and consumption of antipsychotic drugs (APDs). Nutritional status assessment is needed in order to lower the comorbidity through early detection of risk factors.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 94 schizophrenic patients selected using consecutive sampling in October 2012 in Psychiatry Outpatient Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. An anthropometric measurement was verified (body mass index and waist circumference), physical activity level, type of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used and duration of treatment acquired from medical records. Results: Among the subjects, 29.8% were 28â37 years old, with 69.1% males and 30.9% females. Most of them suffered from paranoid schizophrenia (71.3%). The body mass index (BMI) of 46.8% subjects were normal, 45.74% were overweight, whereas 7.45% were underweight. Male subjects mostly had smaller waist circumference (78%) compared to females who were dominantly above normal (52%). Physical activity levels were mostly sedentary (76%). Single typical APD were dominantly prescribed (46%). Subjects with normal BMI were mostly found among single typical APDs prescribers (53.5%), whereas the majority of atypical APDs users were overweight (61.9%). A total of 63% subjects had been prescribed APDs for 1â5 years, dominated by subjects with normal body mass index (78%). Conclusions: The majority of study subjects (46.8%) were found normal in terms of the body mass index. Male subjects mostly had normal waist circumference (78%) while females have a higher risk with measurement above normal as a more dominant finding (52%). [AMJ.2014;1(1):40â7]Keywords: Nutritional Status, Pscychiatry, SchizophreniaStatus Gizi Pasien Skizofrenia di Departemen Psikiatri Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin BandungLatar Belakang: Saat ini Skizofrenia merupakan suatu penyakit mental dengan komorbiditas yang tinggi akibat perubahan gaya hidup, faktor predisposisi, dan dampak mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik yang membuat penderita kerap mengalami perubahan berat badan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan deteksi dini perubahan berat badan pada pasien skizofrenia sebagai pertimbangan penyusunan tatalaksana yang komprehensif.Metode: Studi deskriptif potong lintang ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui status gizi pasien skizofrenia di Klinik Rawat Jalan Departemen Psikiatri Sub Bagian Dewasa Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar pinggang dilakukan pada 94 pasien skizofrenia dewasa. Wawancara mengenai pekerjaan juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat aktifitas fisik, riwayat pengobatan responden didapatkan melalui rekam medis.Hasil: Dari 94 respondenÂ (65 pria dan 29 wanita) mayoritas berusia 28â37 tahun (29.8%). Sebanyak 46.8% responden memiliki IMT normal, 45.74% responden adalah overweight, dan 7.45%Â termasuk dalam kategori underweight. RespondenÂ pria memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang yang mayoritas normal (78%), sedangkan wanita sebagian besar memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang di atas normal (52%). Tingkat aktifitas fisik responden rata-rata tergolong ringan (67%). Kebanyakan responden diberikan obat antipsikotik tipikal tunggal (46%) dan sebanyak 63% telah mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik selama 0â5 tahun. Simpulan:Â MayoritasÂ Â respondenÂ Â memilikiÂ IMTÂ yang normal denganÂ ukuran lingkar pinggang wanita lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pria.Kata Kunci: Status Gizi, Psikiatri, Skizofrenia

Enteric Pathogen Bacteria in Non-Broiler Chicken Egg Shells from Traditional Market and Supermarket, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java Arumugam, Kavita; Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati; Nugraha, Gaga Irawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (145.923 KB)

Background: Around 1.5 million of children dying annually due to diarrhea. Contaminated food is one of the sources of the diarrhea incidence (food borne diseases). Eggs are one of the least expensive forms of protein which is affordable by the community and is easily to find in either traditional or modern market/supermarkets.The objective of this study was to identify enteropathogenic bacteria contamination on non-broiler (ayam kampung) egg shell and to compare the findings between eggs sold in traditional and modern markets.Methods: This was a descriptive study performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. A total of 40 eggs were used, 20 from two traditional markets and 20 from two modern markets. The eggs were swabbed using saline, dipped in tryptic soy broth and streaked on Mac Conkey agar. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: Out of 40 samples, there were 19 positive cultures found from the traditional market and 16 from the modern market. There were 30 pink colonies indicating that they were lactose fermented, 5 transparent colonies indicated non-lactose fermentation, 4 showed no colony growth, and 1 grew an unidentified colony. The most found bacteria were Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. in both market. Conclusions: Eggs shells from traditional and modern markets are contaminated with Enteropathogenic microbes.Â DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v2n3.487

Nutritional Status of Tetralogy of Fallot Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Cafrina, Gabriella; Firman, Armijn; Nugraha, Gaga Irawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.307 KB)

Background: Undernutrition is common in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), especially in developing countries including Indonesia. The objective of the study was to describe the nutritional status of children patients with Tetralogy of Fallot.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using 41 medical records of children aged 0â14 years old with Tetralogy of Fallot that visited pediatric outpatient department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of January to December 2013. The variable was anthropometric measurement, namely weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age. These anthropometric data were analyzed using statistics software, WHO Anthro, and WHO AnthroPlus and were classified based on nutritional status according to WHO. The collected data were displayed in percentage.Results: There were more boys (60.98%) who had Tetralogy of Fallot compared to girls (39.02%). The percentage of undernutrition was 39.02% with 43.75% in 5â14 year old children. The percentage of stunting was 70.73% with 72% in 0â5 year old children. Meanwhile, the percentage of underweight was 52% in children aged 0â5 years old.Conclusions: The percentage of undernourished children with Tetralogy of Fallot is quiet high. Undernutrition occurs more often in 5â14 year old children, while stunting occurs more often in 0â5 year old children. [AMJ.2016;3(2):298â303]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v3n2.784

Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Stroke Patients: Assessment by Body Mass Index and Subjective Global Assessment Method Kartika, Gloria; Amalia, Lisda; Nugraha, Gaga Irawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Background: Stroke is a disease with a high mortality rate and common cause of disability. Nutritional factors are strongly associated with this disease. Malnutrition in hospitalized patients increases the incidence of complications, prolonged the length of stay and also the cost of hospitalization. Furthermore, nutritional status of stroke patients can deteriorate during hospitalization. The prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized stroke patients is about 6% to 62%. The objective of this study was to identifyÂ the nutritional status of hospitalized stroke patient.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Population of the study was hospitalized stroke patients at Neurology Ward, Kemuning Building Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from August until October 2014 who meet the inclusion criteria. Nutritional status was measured objectively using Body Mass Index (BMI) and subjectively using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method. The collected data were processed usingÂ frequency tabulation and percentage.Results: Twenty six hospitalized stroke patients were included in this study. The hospitalized patients with normal BMI were about 12 people (46.15%), 8 people were overweight (30.77%), 4 people were undernourished (15.39%) and 2 people (7.69%) were obese. According to SGA measurement, approximately 18 people (69.22%) were moderately malnourished, and as much as 4 people (15.39%) were in good nutrition, whereas 4 people (15.39%) were severely malnourished.Conclusions: Majority of the hospitalized stroke patients has normal BMI and moderately malnourished based on SGA.Â DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1090

Nutritional Status of Schizophrenic Patients Attending Outpatient Department of Psychiatry in Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital Tiara Aulia Maisyarah; Gaga Irawan Nugraha; Lynna Lidyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (633.342 KB)

Background: Currently, schizophrenia is associated with many health problems due to weight changes caused by lifestyle changes and consumption of antipsychotic drugs (APDs). Nutritional status assessment is needed in order to lower the comorbidity through early detection of risk factors.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 94 schizophrenic patients selected using consecutive sampling in October 2012 in Psychiatry Outpatient Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. An anthropometric measurement was verified (body mass index and waist circumference), physical activity level, type of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used and duration of treatment acquired from medical records.Results: Among the subjects, 29.8% were 28–37 years old, with 69.1% males and 30.9% females. Most of them suffered from paranoid schizophrenia (71.3%). The body mass index (BMI) of 46.8% subjects were normal, 45.74% were overweight, whereas 7.45% were underweight. Male subjects mostly had smaller waist circumference (78%) compared to females who were dominantly above normal (52%). Physical activity levels were mostly sedentary (76%). Single typical APD were dominantly prescribed (46%). Subjects with normal BMI were mostly found among single typical APDs prescribers (53.5%), whereas the majority of atypical APDs users were overweight (61.9%). A total of 63% subjects had been prescribed APDs for 1–5 years, dominated by subjects with normal body mass index (78%).Conclusions: The majority of study subjects (46.8%) were found normal in terms of the body mass index. Male subjects mostly had normal waist circumference (78%) while females have a higher risk with measurement above normal as a more dominant finding (52%). [AMJ.2014;1(1):40–7]Keywords: Nutritional Status, Pscychiatry, SchizophreniaStatus Gizi Pasien Skizofrenia di Departemen Psikiatri Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin BandungLatar Belakang: Saat ini Skizofrenia merupakan suatu penyakit mental dengan komorbiditas yang tinggi akibat perubahan gaya hidup, faktor predisposisi, dan dampak mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik yang membuat penderita kerap mengalami perubahan berat badan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan deteksi dini perubahan berat badan pada pasien skizofrenia sebagai pertimbangan penyusunan tatalaksana yang komprehensif.Metode: Studi deskriptif potong lintang ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui status gizi pasien skizofrenia di Klinik Rawat Jalan Departemen Psikiatri Sub Bagian Dewasa Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar pinggang dilakukan pada 94 pasien skizofrenia dewasa. Wawancara mengenai pekerjaan juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat aktifitas fisik, riwayat pengobatan responden didapatkan melalui rekam medis.Hasil: Dari 94 responden (65 pria dan 29 wanita) mayoritas berusia 28–37 tahun (29.8%). Sebanyak 46.8% responden memiliki IMT normal, 45.74% responden adalah overweight, dan 7.45% termasuk dalam kategori underweight. Responden pria memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang yang mayoritas normal (78%), sedangkan wanita sebagian besar memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang di atas normal (52%). Tingkat aktifitas fisik responden rata-rata tergolong ringan (67%). Kebanyakan responden diberikan obat antipsikotik tipikal tunggal (46%) dan sebanyak 63% telah mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik selama 0–5 tahun.Simpulan: Mayoritas responden memiliki IMT yang normal dengan ukuran lingkar pinggang wanita lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pria.Kata Kunci: Status Gizi, Psikiatri, Skizofrenia DOI: 10.15850/amj.v1n1.295

Enteric Pathogen Bacteria in Non-Broiler Chicken Egg Shells from Traditional Market and Supermarket, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java Kavita Arumugam; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (145.923 KB)

Background: Around 1.5 million of children dying annually due to diarrhea. Contaminated food is one of the sources of the diarrhea incidence (food borne diseases). Eggs are one of the least expensive forms of protein which is affordable by the community and is easily to find in either traditional or modern market/supermarkets.The objective of this study was to identify enteropathogenic bacteria contamination on non-broiler (ayam kampung) egg shell and to compare the findings between eggs sold in traditional and modern markets.Methods: This was a descriptive study performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. A total of 40 eggs were used, 20 from two traditional markets and 20 from two modern markets. The eggs were swabbed using saline, dipped in tryptic soy broth and streaked on Mac Conkey agar. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: Out of 40 samples, there were 19 positive cultures found from the traditional market and 16 from the modern market. There were 30 pink colonies indicating that they were lactose fermented, 5 transparent colonies indicated non-lactose fermentation, 4 showed no colony growth, and 1 grew an unidentified colony. The most found bacteria were Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. in both market. Conclusions: Eggs shells from traditional and modern markets are contaminated with Enteropathogenic microbes. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.487

Nutritional Status of Tetralogy of Fallot Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Gabriella Cafrina; Armijn Firman; Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.307 KB)

Background: Undernutrition is common in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), especially in developing countries including Indonesia. The objective of the study was to describe the nutritional status of children patients with Tetralogy of Fallot.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using 41 medical records of children aged 0–14 years old with Tetralogy of Fallot that visited pediatric outpatient department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of January to December 2013. The variable was anthropometric measurement, namely weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age. These anthropometric data were analyzed using statistics software, WHO Anthro, and WHO AnthroPlus and were classified based on nutritional status according to WHO. The collected data were displayed in percentage.Results: There were more boys (60.98%) who had Tetralogy of Fallot compared to girls (39.02%). The percentage of undernutrition was 39.02% with 43.75% in 5–14 year old children. The percentage of stunting was 70.73% with 72% in 0–5 year old children. Meanwhile, the percentage of underweight was 52% in children aged 0–5 years old.Conclusions: The percentage of undernourished children with Tetralogy of Fallot is quiet high. Undernutrition occurs more often in 5–14 year old children, while stunting occurs more often in 0–5 year old children. [AMJ.2016;3(2):298–303]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.784

Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Stroke Patients: Assessment by Body Mass Index and Subjective Global Assessment Method Gloria Kartika; Lisda Amalia; Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Stroke is a disease with a high mortality rate and common cause of disability. Nutritional factors are strongly associated with this disease. Malnutrition in hospitalized patients increases the incidence of complications, prolonged the length of stay and also the cost of hospitalization. Furthermore, nutritional status of stroke patients can deteriorate during hospitalization. The prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized stroke patients is about 6% to 62%. The objective of this study was to identify the nutritional status of hospitalized stroke patient.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Population of the study was hospitalized stroke patients at Neurology Ward, Kemuning Building Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from August until October 2014 who meet the inclusion criteria. Nutritional status was measured objectively using Body Mass Index (BMI) and subjectively using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method. The collected data were processed using frequency tabulation and percentage.Results: Twenty six hospitalized stroke patients were included in this study. The hospitalized patients with normal BMI were about 12 people (46.15%), 8 people were overweight (30.77%), 4 people were undernourished (15.39%) and 2 people (7.69%) were obese. According to SGA measurement, approximately 18 people (69.22%) were moderately malnourished, and as much as 4 people (15.39%) were in good nutrition, whereas 4 people (15.39%) were severely malnourished.Conclusions: Majority of the hospitalized stroke patients has normal BMI and moderately malnourished based on SGA. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1090

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