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Journal : Jurnal Agroteknos

KETAHANAN SUMBERDAYA GENETIK JAGUNG SULAWESI TENGGARA TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN PADA BERBAGAI FASE VEGETATIF TEGUH WIJAYANTO; CANDRA GINTING; DIRVAMENA BOER; WA ODE AFU
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

Maize crops experiencing water stress can experience cell damage, loss of turgor, closed stomata, plant leaf roll then wilt.  Germination and vegetative growth are thought to be a very sensitive phases in relation to the availability of water, because it can influence subsequent growth processes. This study aimed to determine the potential tolerance of Southeast Sulawesi’s maize genotypes to drought stress at different vegetative growth phases. This study was based on completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern consisting of two factors: the first factor composed of 9 local maize genotypes of Southeast Sulawesi and 1 national variety (cv. Arjuna), while the second factor was drought stress at different vegetative growth phases, consisting of four levels ie:  C0 = plants irrigated with 100 % water availability during the growth phase, C1 = Stress for 5 days , at 21-26 days old (vegetative phase), C2 = Stress for 5 days starting at panicle emergence (early flowering stage), and C3 = Stress for 5 days starting 2 weeks after silking.  Research results showed that Genotype (G) treatment significantly influenced all observed growth variables (at age 21 and 42 days after planting, DAP), except for the variable of number of leaf, age 21 DAP. However, water stress treatment (C) only significantly affected plant height variable, at the age of 42 DAP.   In general, G6 and G7 genotypes tended to have a higher crop and trunk diameter than the other genotypes.  Contrary, G3 genotype tended to have shorter crop and smaller stem diameter than the other genotypes.  There are indications that the drought stress treatment (C) significantly inhibited the growth of maize crops. Keywords: drought strees, maize genotypes, tolerance, and vegetative phases  
INDUKSI TUNAS GADUNG (Diocorea hispida Dennst) SECARA IN VITRO NORMA ARIF; AZHAR ANSI; TEGUH WIJAYANTO
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 4, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

Yam (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) is a tuber crop that belonges to food sources and has not been widely recognized by the public. Aside from being a food ingredient, it can also be used as a natural pesticide. Until now, efforts to use the potential of yam have not been handled well. This research was conducted at the In vitro Laboratory of the Faculty of agriculture, Haluoleo University, from May to July 2014. The purpose of the study was to obtain the proper concentration of BAP to induce yam plant shoots in vitro. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 5 replications. One segment of the stem explants were grown on MS basic medium with different concentrations of BAP (0.5-4 ppm), with 5 replications and each replication consisted of 1 bottle containing 2 explants. Data were analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The research results showed that the addition of various concentrations of BAP affected the span of the emergence of the first shoots but did not affect the percentage of explants alive and growing shoots. BAP concentration of 2 mg / L was the optimal concentration to induce shoots of yam (Dioscorea hispida) with a span began to shoot appearance at week 4 after planting.
ANALISIS VARIABILITAS KULTIVAR JAGUNG PULUT (Zea mays Ceritina Kulesh) LOKAL SULAWESI TENGGARA LA ODE SAFUAN; DIRVAMENA BOER; TEGUH WIJAYANTO; NELI SUSANTI
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

The experiment was conducted in the Rahandouna village, Poasia, Kendari Southeast Sulawesi, from August to November 2013.  The purpose of this study was to determine the estimate of heritability between characters of thirteen local waxy corn cultivars of Southeast Sulawesi. This study was prepared using a randomized block design (RBD), with 3 replicates. Total waxy corn cultivars studied was 13 species, so that there were 39 plots. Each plot consisted of a single cultivar. Observed variables were plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (cm2), number of leaves (strands), ear length (cm), cob diameter (cm), number of rows per ear, weight of 100 seeds (g), ear weight. The results of this study showed that there was narrow variability on all local waxy corn characters observed. Keywords: Local waxy corn, characters, cultivars, Southeast Sulawesi, variability
RESPON FASE PERTUMBUHAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE JAGUNG LOKAL SULAWESI TENGGARA TERHADAP KONDISI KEKURANGAN AIR Teguh Wijayanto; Gusti Ray Sadimantara; Made Etikawati
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 2, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v2i2.2266

Abstract

The  research was  conducted to  test  the  potency  of  several local  maize genotypes (landraces) of Southeast Sulawesi and to find the genotypes that were tolerant to less water conditions. The research was performed in  a  plastic house at  the  experimental farm of Agriculture Faculty, University of Halu Oleo.  The research was arranged in a Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with 2 treatment factors. The first factor was water availability level (A), consisted of 3 (three) levels (A0, A1 dan A2), and the second factor was maize genotype, consisted of 9 local maize and 1 national variety (Arjuna).  Research results showed that the less water conditions (A1 and A2) had negative effects on maize vegetative variables (plant height, plant diameter, leaf number and length of leaf tip).  On the other hand, the genotype treatment had significant effect on plant height, plant diameter, and length of leaf tip. Genotipe G7 dan G6 had the highest plant height, while G1 had the biggest plant diameter. Keywords: less water condition, local maize genotype, vegetative stage
RESPON HASIL DAN JUMLAH BIJI BUAH SEMANGKA (Citrullus vulgaris) DENGAN APLIKASI HORMON GIBERELIN (GA3) Teguh Wijayanto; Wa Ode Rahzia Yani; Made Widana Arsana
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 2, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v2i1.2262

Abstract

Hormone gibberellin (GA3) is known to be able to increase yield and plays a role in the production of seedless fruits. This research was conducted to determine the effects of GA3 application on yield and quality (seed number) of watermelon. The research was performed at the experimental farm of Agriculture Faculty, University of Halu Oleo.  The research was arranged in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor (dose of GA3), consisted of 6 (six) levels, namely:  without GA3 application (G0), GA3 100 mg L-1 (G1),  GA3 150 mg L-1 (G2),  GA3 200 mg L-1 (G3),  GA3 250 mg L-1 (G4), and GA3 300 mg L-1  (G5).  Each treatment consisted of 4 (four) plants, with 3 replicates, to make an averall 72 experimental units (plants).   Research results showed that the application of GA3 significantly influenced the fresh fruit weight, fruit diameter, fuit content diameter, and seed number.   Treatment of gibberellin 300 mg L-1 (G5) tended to produce higher yield (fresh fruit weight, fruit diameter, fuit content diameter), while G4 treatment (250 mg L-1) resulted in the lowest number of seeds in the fruit.   Despite further research is still needed, this research indicates that the application of gibberellins (GA3) has the potency in increasing the yield of watermelon and improving the quality, in term of the possibility to produce seedless watermelon. Keywords: gibberellins (GA3), fruit yield and quality, seedless fruit, watermelon.
HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN AKSESI PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca Formatypica) DI KABUPATEN MUNA BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN PENANDA RAPD Teguh Wijayanto; Dirvamena Boer; La Ente
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 3, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v3i3.2325

Abstract

Twenty-four accessions that belong to four groups of kepok banana in Muna Regency have   been   analyzed   for   their   genetic   diversity   based   on   morphological   characters (qualitative and quantitative characters), and a few accessions based on RAPD markers. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of accessions of kepok bananas based on 52 qualitative and 12 quantitative morphological characteristics and DNA characteristics.   Results of clustering analysis showed the euclidian values ranged between 0.50 to 1.00 for the qualitative data, 0.01 to 0.50 for quantitative data, and 0.83 to 0.88  for  DNA  profile  data.  Combined  qualitative  and  quantitative  data  had  similarity coefficient ranged from 0.00 to 2.50.  Dendogram of each character produced 2 main groups. The main group 1  formed subgroups. Although the qualitative and quantitative characters resulted in different accession   groupings, the combined data analysis of quantitative and qualitative  data  showed  that kepok  banana  in  Muna  regency  was  classified into    4  sub groups namely banana Manuru, Bugisi, Jiwaka and Manuru Lakabu. Keywords:   cluster   analysis,   kepok   banana,   qualitative   and   quantitative   characters, morphology, RAPD markers.
PROSPEK PENERAPAN BIOTEKNOLOGI DALAM PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN BIODIVERSITAS PADI LOKAL SULAWESI TENGGARA Teguh Wijayanto
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 3, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v3i1.2295

Abstract

Biodiversity is high value genetic resources required for the good of human being. Globally, biodiversity has been degraded into a danger level.   Identification of problems, alternative solutions to protect, to conserve, and to utilize the biodiversity is a primary priority. The utilization of local rice cultivars, as a source of germplasm for rice breeding programs must get special attentions to protect the germplasm from vanishing. Biotechnology or genetic engineering technology provides an alternative way and a short cut in manipulating and producing improved plant varieties.  Different kinds of methods can be used to genetically engineer plant species. Since 1980s and ever since, many achievements and improvements have been made by scientists around the world in the area of genetic engineering, including genetic improvement of rice crops.   As an example, scientists have engineered transgenic rice crops that contain pro-vitamin A in the endosperm.  Pro-vitamin A is a substance that does not naturally occur in rice, but is urgently required to prefend human’s eye blindness. Another example, recently a group of scientist has developed super- rice strain that defies triple whammy of stresses (drought, salty-soils, and lack of fertilizer) simultaneously. Keywords: Biodiversity, biotechnology, genetic improvement, and local rice cultivars
EXAMINATION OF CHIMERIC GENETIC STRUCTURE OF T0 TRANSFORMED LUPIN SHOOTS Teguh Wijayanto
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v1i1.2331

Abstract

Kurang  responsifnya eksplan  terhadap  medium  invitro  dan  efisiensi  transformasi yang relatif rendah merupakan kendala umum yang dihadapi pada transformasi genetik tanaman legum.   Pada tanaman lupin, satu spesies legum, sebagian besar klon yang diperbanyak dari satu tunas transgenik (single transformation event) sering tidak mengandung gen yang ditransfer (transgene), dan menghasilkan keturunan yang tidak transgenik, walaupun awalnya plantlet tersebut terbukti transgenik. Kimera (chimerism) diduga sebagai penyebab dari penyimpangan segregasi gen (reduced transgene segregation) ini.  Penelitian ini mencoba untuk membuktikan isu kimera tersebut. Uji in-situ PCR dan uji histokemikal GUS & lokalisasi selular dari transgen (dalam hal ini gen gus) dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah dan dimana transgen tersebut terekspresi pada tunas lupin trasngenik generasi T0  tersebut.   Uji in-situ PCR dan histokemikal GUS menunjukkan bahwa GUS umumnya terekspresi pada beberapa bagian dalam batang tunas (plantlet T0) dan tidak tersebar merata. Hasil ini memberikan bukti struktural yang penting bahwa transgen terekspresi  secara  sektorial  pada  tunas  lupin  generasi  T0.    Ini  sekaligus  membuktikan bahwa tunas lupin generasi T0  benar-benar kimera, dan menjadi penyebab penyimpangan segregasi transgen pada generasi T1.   Upaya-upaya perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi kejadian kimera ini, sekaligus mendapatkan ekspresi gen yang solid pada tunas (plantlet) lupin (solid transformant). Key words:   Chimera, transgene segregation, in-situ PCR, GUS histochemical assay
PENGELOMPOKAN PATOTIPE Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ASAL SULAWESI TENGGARA MENGGUNAKAN PADI GALUR ISOGENIK IRRI H Syair; Samirin Samirin; Teguh Wijayanto; Andi Khaeruni
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 2, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v2i1.2260

Abstract

This Research aimed at grouping of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pathotypes in rice cropping center of Southeast Sulawesi using isogenic lines of IRRI, as well as to know the Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pathotypes dominating and spreading in rice cropping center of Southeast Sulawesi. The pathotype grouping was determined by leaf innoculated cutting method using 30 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae from Southeast Sulawesi in 10 isogenic lines, namely IRBB1, IRBB2, IRBB3, IRBB4, IRBB5, IRBB7, IRBB10, IRBB11, IRBB13, and IRBB21. Each isolate was inoculated on the 10 isogenic lines and repeated twice. Observation  of disease intensity was conducted randomly on five leaves at four weeks after inoculation. The disease intensity was measured by the ratio of the length (cm) of leaf blight symptom to total the length of leaf sample (cm). The research results indicated there were seven pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Southeast Sulawesi, i.e : pathotype X, XI, XII and four new pathotypes. Pathotype XII was the dominant pathotype, abort 79.31% of the total isolates and spreading in three regencies, Kolaka, Konawe, and South Konawe. Keywords: bacterial leaf blight, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, pathotype
PERBANYAKAN BIBIT JERUK SECARA IN-VITRO DAN BEBAS PENYAKIT CVPD Teguh Wijayanto; Muhammad Taufik; Dirvamena Boer; Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 1, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56189/ja.v1i3.2249

Abstract

Abstract Citrus Vein  Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) is  one  of  the  most important diseases of citrus. Worldwide and national yield losses of citrus production due to this disease infection have been very significant.   This research ultimately aimed at producing citrus stocks through in-vitro culture, and free of CVPD.  Citrus seeds were used as explant and cultured on MS and WPM in-vitro media, supplemented with malt extract. Citrus plantlets were tested for the presence of  CVPD DNA using CVPD specific primers in PCR reactions.   Research results showed that MS basal medium supplemented with malt extract was quite good for in- vitro production of citrus plantlets. Plantlets were negative for CVPD infection based on PCR tests.  CVPD-free seedlings (Citrus reticulata) have been grafted with citrus rootstock (Citrus sinensis).  Grafted citrus seedlings were also proven to be negative for CVPD infection based on similar PCR tests.  Citrus seedlings/stocks produced by in-vitro culture, and free of CVPD, are now available for further growth. Keywords: Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD), in-vitro culture, PCR